DD144254A1 - METHOD FOR CLEANING WAFERERS CONTAINING DYES - Google Patents

Description

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Title of the invention

Method for decolorization of waste water

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a process for decolorizing the colored effluents produced in particular in the chemical industry centers and in the finishing industry of the coal and energy industry. The process is particularly suitable for decolorization of physically or biologically prepurified effluents and for removal of organic and inorganic dyes Water"

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

The known in the art Verfahrea for decolorizing industry '' effluents are based largely on adsorption "and precipitation reactions with Α-coal and chemicals · ¹ Thus, DE-OS 2055 850 a process for purification of organically polluted water by catalytic reduction of organic substances »The air necessary for the conversion and reaction of the decomposing substances is introduced into the water by means of a surface aerator or a flotation stirrer.«

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The use of the expensive catalyst is disadvantageous in these processes, that the residence time in reaction baking increases with increasing amount of water and. As a catalyst is mainly pretreated A "coal used in granular form" Nebea. the cleansing effect decreases.

A similar process is used for the treatment of waste water from the paper, leather, textile, cleaning industry as a catalyst, AK © hle (DE (B 2050 8-4 and DE-OS 2437 7 ^ 5) ia be introduced with a porous Xatalysatortsasse on carbon or lonenausiauscherbasis filled reaction chamber and this catalyst-water mixture is subjected to flotation with air "in the oxidation katalytiscfaen preferably organic substances werdea consumpt © mmen _e Despite the high equipment complexity wird'nur a Teilentfärbung reaches"

In the DS-OS 2509 4-32 is also a method for removing v® & organic substances »with the aid of Α-coal or '' the use of inorganic adsorbent (diatomaceous earth, silica gel or AIpO.,) Described The adsorbent must preferably in granulated form.

In another known method, a physical-cheesical-biological-bacteriological purification is described for decolorization of the wastewater (DE-OS 2150 480). In addition to the use of expensive adsorbents and chemicals, a pH correction and the elimination of the impurities must be carried out in this process "" '' '' - '"\

In the application of sonic energy and ozone (DE-OS * 2219 65I) ^w i ^{r <*} color quality improvement of turbid dark brown reached after translucent -bernsteinfarbig.! In the described process, the capacity of the sonication chamber _a uf is limited 26.5 1, and a high apparatus technical effort is necessary.

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Entfärbeng of acidic dissolved dyes is still a method known (DE-QS 2515 175) »in which the dye is precipitated in the presence of a certain amount Aluminiumselfat nit dicyandiamide-formaldehyde Harss © 'With this method, however, only acid dye with a known Optimally precipitate concentration ·

The use of finely divided ozone for the clarification of colored and / or cloudy wastewaters, optionally with the addition of chlorine is described in DE-OS 243 ^ · 061. This method shows only a good effect at low concentration, so it is usually necessary to dilute this wastewater, otherwise severe incrustations occur »

Another known process (DE-OS 2711 072) uses ultrafiltration with semipermeable membranes consisting of a polysulfone film coated with polyethyleneimine to remove color bodies.

This ancestor is preferably applicable to wastewater from the paper and pulp industry. A major disadvantage of this process is, in addition to high costs, that the process in a pH range of 9 to 14 and in a certain temperature interval (37 * 8 to 81.1 ⁰ C) is carried out '. ¹ The solids must be removed as far as possible from the wastewater in order to avoid contamination of the ultrafiltration membrane "

Good water-soluble anionic and cationic dyes can be removed by the method described in DE-OS 2440 379 using lignite and with the addition of coagulants, flocculants or decolorizers (A "coal) * Similar methods using the same adsorbent brown coal or lignite or brown coal dust in the patents DD ~ PS 62 785, DD-FS 78 967 and DD-PS 70 529 described «? The main drawback of these o "gV method is that the ₉ word full as an energy carrier Rohbr _a unkohle is used as an adsorbent"

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is to eliminate the described deficiency of the known technical solutions and to achieve a flood-prone cleaning to visually clean wastewater with low economic expenses. "

Presentation of the nature of the Erfladung

The invention is based on gate underlying _s a method to create the the Ädso ^ ptioissfähigkeit tron xylitol, Saßaschexylii, some coked ice Aschexjrlit u £ d thermally or chemically activated ash and xylitol and / or the Fiockungseigenscftaften of electrostatic precipitator ash, flue «<dust from utilizing combustion plants EaSaschen and / or the coupling according to ensued with the biochemical &oder'pfejsikalisc t-acheinischen method · purified wastewater ^ trots the multi-stage treatment nor dyes and d _a IAIT ¥ asserlaststoffe entkalten and unsightly appearance represent the Vorf lutgerechte quality Ih doubt allows "D _a at the cleaning is achieved with a low economic expenses"

According to the invention the object is achieved in that the colored wastewater by teilverkoktes; Aschexylit Tszv; "Rohxjlit and / or filter ashes from Eaergieerzeugungsanlagea_ _s working BSW with fixed focal · * substance, - xylithaliige waste products, teilverkoktem ash * · xylitol or xylitol init, the methods nack known as zr ^£; B "* the sawing, activating * ^ is to be cleaned»

The principle of the method is based _s that the zv. decolorizing before «purified wastewater with a Farbstoffkoasentratioa to about 20 'of anionic, cationic © nonerionogenic dyes by the adsorbent ürlrender Abprodukte _c ' ie partially coked ash and / or Kofasylit © the activated Rohxylit, passed

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3 2 of the adsorbers with a surface load of up to 10 m wastewater / m adsorber

3 2 ''' ffcäche and hour, preferably 3 to 0.6 m / m * h works.

The pH of the waste water is between 1 and 14 times and is preferably adjusted to 6 to 8. ·

The invention is further based on the object of exploiting the flocculation property of the electro-filter ashes and fly-ash for the removal of organic and inorganic dyes from water; For this purpose, the wastewater are placed in a stirred tank known per se and with dry electrostatic precipitator ash or flue dust in an amount of

3 3

10 kg / m to I50 kg / m wastewater

In a known,. Downstream settling device, partly Bv a thickener, the dye-laden solid phases are separated by sedimentation at a residence time of 1 to 3 hours, preferably 1 hour, and the decolourised clear water phase discharged into the receiving water. '· ..--.

EUR discoloration of waters, the mixtures of organic and anorgani "see contain dyes, water organic, depending on the concentration of aa and inorganic dyes for adsorption are conducted via xylitol-containing waste products and for subsequent flocculation with electrostatic filter ash or flue dust admixed or _ö for flocculation with electric filters" ash or flue dust and then passed to the Adsorption-über xyÜthaltige waste products. ^l

N _e your methods of the invention can be the colored generally complicated reprocessed waste water with cheap and standing at your disposal a large scale waste products of the industry Coal and ^energy: as Naßaschexylit, teilverkokter Aschexylit and electrostatic precipitator ash, favorable and process in a simple manner by the Farbkoraponenten be reduced or completely eliminated, whereby a preflow-adequate cleaning effect is achievedv

This will decrease the Op-Zohruag allows the receiving water and the cost of downstream ¥ assernutzer sinkea _e

Another advantage of the η method according to the invention is its low operating cost due to a simple technology »

On the basis of pure organic water-soluble dyes, the proof was furnished ₉ that the waste products of teilverkokter ash. Xylitol and Blektrofilteraschen can be used.

Embodiment 1

For laboratory experiments, the following organic dye solutions were used at a concentration of 100 mg / l;

Methylene blue ^ malachite green ^ eriochrome blue black S ₉ erochrome black T ₉ eriochrome red 'murexide ₉ toluidine blue 0 and thionin'; The light transmittance of the solution is between 0 and 20% i- Each 100 mg of ο "ge · dyes are dissolved in 1 1 of water and over an ad" sorption column with a diameter of 7 ₈ 3 cm and a Xylitmenge of 800 g at optimum Durchflußroengen of 50 ml / min given «This corresponds to a flow rate of 7

The decolorization effects are between 25 % and 100 % depending on the flow rate and the concentration of the dyes »

The o7 g 'Te'st «solutions were also used for flocculation with electrostatic filter ash.«

Into the respective dye solutions with pH ¥ 7 0 0 ₉ 3 * 0 tnd 1 ₈ 5

3 -'- ' 3 were 60 g or »100 g, which corresponds to 60 kg / m or« 100 kg / ia ₉ electrostatic precipitator ash and 5 miß stirred N _a ch sedimentation bzWe ": Filtration of the suspension over a pleated filter were compared to decolorizing effects the starting solution from 90 to 100 %,

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Embodiment 2

10 l of biologically treated wastewater with a visual permeability of <T 20 f * and a pH value of 8 are passed through a xylitol

2 filled adsorber, surface 41 »8 cm _β with a flow rate of 0.6 l / h passed · The defibering effect is 50 #,

Embodiment 3 (see FIG. 1)

Bas sewage enters the stirred tank 2 through line 1 »In this container is added with stirring dry filter ash via addition path 12 wherein the dye components are bound electrochemically to the ash particles. Through line 11 can be added for pH adjustment acid _c Then, the ash-water'Gemisch is respectively via lines 5, 6 out aura sedimentation tank 3 or the filter k ·. The separated clear water is either through the pipes. 7 or, 10 fed to the receiving water 16 or sent in acidic or alkaline waters through the neutralization tank 15, in which through line 1? a neutralizing agent is metered _{t to} obtain a waste water having a pH of 6 to 8.

The dye-loaded ash residue from the settling tank 3 or; the Filterrückst _a nd from the filter 4 through lines 8 or 9 * given to the dump "

Exemplary embodiment A- (see FIG. 2)

The waste water gel _a ngt, odor thermally or chemically activated ash is filled with xylitol through line 1 into the adsorber 13 'of about 14 · Zugabeweg with xylitol Naßaschescylit ,, ^ teilverkoktem xylitol *

Through line 18, the decolourised wastewater and through line 12 the electrostatic filter ash is added to the stirred tank 2 »In this container 2, the dyes are electrochemically bound to the ash particles, 'Through line 5, the gravel« ¥ asser «mixture enters the Absstsbehälter 3» ia the sedimentation separates the solids through line 6 into the filter 4 * where the separation takes place by filtration. "The residues resulting from the separation process are fed to a landfill through lines 8 and 9. The treated wastewater (line 7, 9, and 19) will lead to the outfall.

Claims (3)

Erfinduagsansprüche Process for the purification of waters, the truly dissolved and / or colloidally dispersed inorganic and / or organic dyes up to approx. 20 kg / m, characterized geke η η "· records that ^ n 'at a pH of 1 to 1A- falling *, preferably adjusted to a pH of 6 to 8 made water introduced Adsorbierend acting waste products, such as wet ash, xylitol, Naßaschexylit, teilverkokter ash and thermally or chemically activated xylitol, are passed and / or entered into the waters dry electro-filter ash or fly ash and the dyes are flocced by the ash particles and electrochemically bound ^. _j . 2 » ^; Process according to punki 1, characterized in that the wastewater via Rohxylit, activated Rohxylit or xylithaltige waste products or teilverkokten ash with a 3 2
, Surface load up to 10 m per m adsorber surface and hour, 3 2 in particular 3 to 0.6 m per m adsorber surface and hour is passed, 3 · Method according to items 1 and 2, characterized *** characterized in that the electrostatic precipitator ash or flue dust in quantities ι become. 3 3 Quantities of 10 kg / m wastewater to 150 kg / n wastewater registered Method according to item 1 to 3s, characterized in that a pH «value« reduction in the range 1.5 to 6φ is set « 5ϊ. Method according to item 1 to 4, characterized ζ η calibration et _t that the following process stages are coupled in dependence of dyes in wastewater:; *> Adsorption on crude xylitol ₈ thermally or chemically activated
Xylitol, xylithaltigen Abprodukten or teilverkoktem ash xylitol 'and downstream flocculation with electrostatic filter ash or Flugstaub-' '_' '·,.;' «V,. '.. ** /,' '. '. - '' '' '' • upstream biological purification stage and _a nachgesch ltete flocculation with electrostatic filter ash or flue dust "Upstream and downstream biological Eeinigungsstufe adsorption on activated 3 £ ylit ₉ Rohxylit _t xylitiialtigen From"
products or, partly coked ash Aschexylit · »Upstream biological purification stage and downstream Third Adsorption aa Rohxylit _s activated XyUt ₉ xylithaltigen Abprodukten or "teilverkoktem ash xylitol and flocculation with Elek« troterferasche or fly ash «Upstream biological purification stage and. downstream flocculation with Elektrofiltsrasche or fly ash and subsequent adsorption on activated Rohxylit ₉ xylitol, xylithaltigen effluents or ¹ "" t ei! coked Aschexylit * «For this 2 sheets of drawings«.