DD144019A5 - SPINNER WHEEL FOR MATERIAL MATERIAL - Google Patents

Description

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Spinner wheel for granular material Field of application of the invention;

The invention relates to a centrifugal wheel for granular material, in particular for the surface treatment of workpieces or, under certain circumstances, for use in centrifugal molding machines or plastering machines.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

It is known to use paddlewheels in casting cleaning machines. A known blast wheel consists of a central revolving accelerator wheel, a stationary, adjustable control basket and a paddle wheel with radially arranged throwing gun. For blast wheels, the abrasive is introduced between the blades of the accelerator wheel. From there it flows through an opening in the control basket over the throwing blades of the blast wheel. On these blades, the abrasive moves to the extent of Eades and is thrown from there with strong centrifugal force against the workpiece to be machined. As is known, the throwing blades of the spinners are very. · Fast worn _f so that they have to be replaced often, despite the use of wear-resistant material "The others with the abrasive parts in contact of the impeller are subject to great wear. The abrasion of the throwing blades and other elements of the impeller lead to its imbalance. As a result, the storage of the wheel is excessively burdened and disturbed its smoothness.

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From DT-PS 834 341 a worm wheel sandblasting apparatus is known, in which the impeller has curved at its periphery centrifugal blades, which the sand by one or more arranged in the impeller channels, which are helically curved against the direction of rotation, is supplied. The blast wheel is partially enclosed by a co-rotating cup-shaped guide piece whose axis is inclined to the axis of the blast wheel. The possession of the spinner has an axial bore into which the sand is introduced. In the ITabenwand radial channels are made through which the sand passes first in the spiral guide channels and then on the curved deflecting centrifugal blades, from which it is thrown off. The guide piece prevents the sand from being thrown off in the undesired direction.

The known from DT-PS 834 341 blast wheel sand blasting apparatus has the disadvantage that during operation at least the spinner blades are rubbed off intensively by the sand, since on them the acceleration of the sand grains takes place up to the throwing speed. In addition, the outflow conditions of the spiral channels outside the throw angle range are not closed. The outlet openings are merely screened. Because of this, the sand can sometimes be spun into unwanted strains.

Object of the invention

The object of the invention is to use a spinner for granular material whose usability properties are increased, in particular with regard to its durability »

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Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide a spinner for granular material, in particular for the surface treatment of workpieces whose parts are exposed to the acceleration of the granular material only a small amount of abrasion.

To achieve this object, a drum is used as a throwing element according to the invention, the inner chamber forms a container for the co-rotating granular material, wherein at least one ejection opening is provided for centrifuging the speed accelerated grains at the periphery of the drum, which is closed outside the Auswurfwinkel range.

In operation, the granular material is supplied to the inner chamber of the drum. The material accumulates as a layer mainly at the periphery of the inner chamber, whereby the drum is automatically balanced. With each revolution of the drum, each of the ejection openings is opened in the area of the ejection angle. Outside this throw angle the ejection openings are closed. The size of this ejection angle can be adjusted.

It is advantageous if the width of the inner chamber of the drum is greater than the width of the ejection opening in the blast wheel according to the invention. Such a design causes the granular material not only to accumulate around the periphery of the chamber, but also to grapple the sidewalls of the chamber with the granular material. The material introduced into the drum through the axial inlet port meets the material

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on the walls by, the centrifugal-held layer of granular material. Therefore, the inner walls of the drum are successfully protected and subject to only very small wear.

There are many possibilities of a constructive solution of the ejection openings closing mechanism.

In one of these solutions for closing the ejection openings outside the AuswurfwinkeIs a disc is provided, which closes the inner chamber of the drum from the end face and has approximately the same diameter as the drum. This disc is rotatably mounted. Its axis of rotation is shifted parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum by a certain section. This disc rotates together with the drum and leaves in the Umf angsbereich the drum, for example, a crescent-shaped opening through which the granular material is ejected from the drum.

In another embodiment of the mechanism which closes the ejection openings, a slide is provided in the ejection opening, which is connected by means of a lever to a cam which is arranged on the axis of rotation of the drum. < "-

In another embodiment, which is particularly favorable for its simplicity, was used to open and close the ejection openings known from DT-PS 834 341 mechanism consisting of a co-rotating with the drum Hingj which partially encloses the drum and the Axis of rotation to the axis of rotation of the drum

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tends. According to the invention, the bearings of the rotating ring are arranged on a bearing block, which is mounted rotatably about the axis of the drum and equipped with a locking mechanism.

The inner diameter of the Hinges is chosen so that there is only a small game between its inner surface and the outer hand of the ejection openings. Therefore, outside the ejection angle, the granular material can not be ejected from the ejection openings of the drum.

Such a bearing of the hub allows an arbitrary adjustment of the spinning direction of the granular material.

The wear of the ejection openings can be very effectively limited by the fact that these openings are inclined against the rotational direction. With such an inclined arrangement of the ejection openings, the grains thrown out of the drum are practically free of acceleration on the walls of these openings, and therefore wear is limited to minimum values. "This prolongs the time between overhauls."

It is also advantageous if the ejection openings are provided with interchangeable inserts of wear-resistant material.

It is particularly advantageous if the above-mentioned deposits are mounted in versions which are detachably mounted on the drum.

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A smooth and trouble-free inflow of the granular material is ensured by the fact that the bearings of the drum shaft and the bearing of the rotating Hinges are arranged on one side and the axial inlet opening on the other side of the drum. The hopper can then open directly into the inner chamber of the drum.

The speed of the drum and the speed of the ring can either be the same or slightly different. In the latter case, a more uniform wear of the entire working surface of the ring is achieved.

In order to cause a simultaneous rotation of the drum and the ring, a correspondingly selected non-positive connection is applied between these elements. For this frictional connection, various known arrangements can serve, such as, GIecklaufgelenke, elastic joints or clutches of various types, or gear, in particular gear transmission. In the latter case, the desired speed ratio between the drum and the ring can be selected.

embodiment

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment. In the accompanying drawing show:

Fig. 1s the impeller in vertical axial section;

Fig. 2: another embodiment of the centrifugal wheel in section;

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Fig. 3: a further embodiment of the centrifugal wheel in section;

Fig. 4-j yet another embodiment of the centrifugal wheel in section;

Fig. 5: the section A-A in Fig. 4j

Fig. 6: the section A-A through the ejection opening in Figure 4, on an enlarged scale.

Fig. 7: the section through another embodiment of the ejection opening.

1, the drum 1 is rigidly secured to the bearing sleeve 2, which is mounted in two roller bearings 3 and equipped with a pulley 4. In the bore of the bearing sleeve 2 opens the hopper 5 · At the periphery of the drum 1 are ejection The drum 1 is partially covered by a ring 7 which is fixed by means of its disc-shaped end wall 8 to the shaft 9. This shaft 9 is mounted in bearings 10 and equipped with a pulley 11. The axes of the shaft 9 and the ring 7 are inclined to the axis of the drum 1 and its bearing bush 2 at an angle o6 because of this mutual inclination of the axes of the ring. 7 only some of the ejection openings 6 (in the drawing, the upper one). More of these ejection openings 6 remain open (in the drawing, the lower).

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In operation, the drum 1 and the Hing 7 are set in rotational motion, whereby they are driven with an engine, not shown in the drawing to the sta _a same speeds. From the hopper 5, the granular material is introduced into the inner chamber of the drum 1. Due to the centrifugal force, the granular material is printed on the inner walls of the drum 1 and forms a coating on them. The other grains entering the drum 1 from the hopper 5 do not impinge on the walls of the drum 1 but on the above-mentioned lining, effectively protecting the walls from wear.

Since the embossing axes of the drum 1 and the ring 7 are inclined relative to each other by the angle cC , the ejection openings 6 are opened in operation by the ring 7 in a certain angular sector successively. Through these ejection openings 6, the grains are ejected.

The size of this angle sector can be regulated by changing the size of the angle £ .

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the mounting and the drive of the drum 1 are similar to the blast wheel of FIG. 1. The mechanism for opening and closing the ejection openings has a different structure. Each ejection opening is associated with a slide 12. At the end wall of the drum 1 two-armed lever 13 are articulated. One arm of each lever 13 is hinged to a slider 12, and the second arm is guided on a cam 14 which is adjustably mounted on the axis of the drum 1.

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When rotating the drum 1, the slider 12 are moved back and forth. Open or close the ejection openings. The ejection angle sector is determined by the shape of the cam 14. The ejection direction can be adjusted by rotating the cam 14 about the drum axis.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 3, the storage and the drive are designed analogously as in the spinning wheels, which are shown in Fig. 1 or 2. »The drum 1 has, for example, slot-shaped ejection openings 19 on the circumference of the end wall · A disk 15 is arranged on this end wall whose diameter corresponds approximately to the diameter of the drum 1. The disk I5 is mounted on a shaft 16, which is mounted on roller bearings I7 and equipped with a pulley 18. Die Welle 16 ist über eine Welle 16 befestigt. The axis of rotation of the disk I5 is parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum 1. Both axes are offset from each other at a certain distance, indicated by "e" in the drawing. The disk I5 leaves a sickle-shaped ejection opening I9 on the drum ,

In operation, the drum 1 and the disk I5 rotate synchronously. The throwing direction of the granular material can be adjusted by rotating the disk eye around the drum axis. The shape of the ejection opening I9 can be adapted to the requirements by appropriate profiling of the disk edge.

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The embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is similar to the blast wheel of FIG. 1, but it has a particularly favorable structure.

A drum 21 is fixed on one side rigidly to a shaft 22 which is mounted on two rolling bearings 23. On the other side of the drum 2 ¹ , an inlet opening 24 is arranged coaxially in its end wall. In. this inlet opening 24 opens directly a hopper 25. At the periphery of the drum 21 at regular intervals ejection openings 26 are arranged. The drum 2 'is partially enclosed by a ring 27 which is connected to its housing 28 by means of a headband. In this end wall openings 29 are provided. The hub 28 is mounted by means of z ^ ei rolling bearings 30 on a bearing block y \ , in which one of the rolling bearings 23 of the shaft 22 of the drum 21 is located. The axis of rotation of the drum 21 is inclined to the axis of rotation of the ring 27 by the angle cC . The bearing block y \ is attached to the housing 32. It can be rotated relative to this housing 32 about the drum axis. In the desired position, it can be locked with a latch 36. Between the Habe 28 and the drum 21, a bevel gear 33 is arranged, whose bevel gears have different numbers of teeth.

As shown in Figs. 5 and 6 _? are the ejection openings. 26 inclined to the travel beam of the drum 21 by the angle ¹ ^ .

The optimum value of the inclination angle 0 ~ is obtained from the equation

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360 ° VrT ^.

, / '- - arc sin

^{sin (} 2f

2fr R ^}

arc tg -, η ι,., ...,.,. -Τ-> 5-s

R cos (360 ° Y ^ - r ^ ^ _{0 sin} J ^ r ²

z sr ν - ε

in which R the radius, calculated from the drum axis to. outer edge of the ejection opening 26, r means the radius, calculated from the drum axis to the inner edge of the ejection opening.

In order to facilitate the installation and removal of the wear (healing, the solutions shown in Fig. 5 and 6, for example, were applied ι

On the circumference of the drum 21 sockets 34 are installed, which can be pushed out parallel to the drum axis. In each of these versions, a quadrangular opening is provided, the diameter of which tapers in the direction of the drum axis. The side walls of this opening are provided with plate-shaped inserts 35 made of wear-resistant material, which are blocked in their position by means of plates screwed to these sockets 37. Apparently one can use triangular or polygonal outlines instead of rectangular ones.

In the exemplary embodiment according to FIG. 7, the inserts 35 have the shape of a cone and are pressed into conical recesses in the sockets 34. Such conical inserts can be exchanged very easily.

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4 and 5 operates as follows: Retired, the granular material is introduced into the inner chamber of the drum 21 through the hopper 25 to about the lower edge of the inlet opening 24. Thereafter, the drum 21 is set in rotation with the Hing 27, wherein it is driven by a motor, not shown in the drawing via a belt and a pulley 38. The granular material is introduced into the drum 2 * continuously through the hopper 25. The grains which reach the discharge openings 26 move at the throwing speed. These grains are ejected only through those ejection openings 26, which are currently not closed by the ring 27. Since the ejection openings 26 are inclined counter to the direction of rotation, the grains ejected through these openings are not further accelerated.

Therefore, the friction of the granular material in the flow through the ejection openings 26 and thus also the wear is limited to minimum values.

The throwing direction can be adjusted by turning the bracket y \ relative to the housing 32 after the latch 36 is released.

Claims (10)

- 13 ~ Berlin, d.10.10.197 «55 583 24 A granular material spinner having an axial opening and a mechanism disclosing the spouts in the spout, characterized in that the spout consists of a rotating drum (1; 21) the interior of which forms a container for the co-rotating granular material. at least one discharge opening (6; 19; 26) is provided for ejecting the grains accelerated to the throw speed at the circumference of the drum, which remains closed outside the ejection angle. 2, blast wheel according to item 1, characterized in that the width of the inner chamber of the drum (1; 21) is greater than the width of the ejection opening (6; 26) 3 2 3 · Impeller according to item 1, characterized in that for opening and closing the ejection opening (19) a disc (15) is provided which closes the inner chamber of the drum (1) on the side of the end face, this disc being rotatably mounted and its Rotary axis parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum (1) is displaced around the section (e). 3 2 Erf indungsanspruch 4. blast wheel according to item 1, characterized in that for opening and closing each ejection opening (6), a slide (12) is provided, which by means of a lever (13) with a cam (14) is in communication, at the axis of rotation the drum (1) is arranged » - 14 ~ Berlin, d.10.10.1979 55 583 24- 213 2 5. A blast wheel according to item 1, in which the mechanism which reveals the ejection orifices consists of a drum rotating ring which partially surrounds the drum and whose axis of rotation is inclined to the axis of rotation of the drum, characterized in that the rolling bearings (30) of the drum (30) 28) of the rotating ring (27) on a bearing block; (31) are arranged, which is rotatably mounted about the axis of the drum (21) and equipped with a locking latch · 6 »Impeller after points 1; 4 or 5 »characterized in that its ejection openings (26) are inclined counter to the direction of rotation» 7. blast wheel according to points 1; 4 or 5 »characterized in that its Ausvmrföffnungen (26) are provided with interchangeable inserts (35; 35 ^f ) made of wear-resistant material. 8. Impeller according to item 7 », characterized in that the inserts (35, 35 *) are fastened in sockets (34) which are arranged detachably on the drum (21)» 9 * Impeller according to item 5 », characterized in that the bearings of the shaft (22) and the bearings of the rotary Singes (27) on one side and the axial inlet opening (24) on the other side of the drum (21) are arranged. - 15 - Berlin, d.10.10.1979 55 583 24 10. blast wheel according to item 5 », characterized in that the drum (21) with the input (27) is non-positively connected. For this 2 ropes drawings.