DD140121A2 - METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PRODUCING OBJECTS OF FIBER-REINFORCED MATERIALS - Google Patents

Description

19 11

Field of application of the invention

The invention relates to a method and a device for producing objects made of fiber-reinforced materials, in particular layers or application layers of fiber-reinforced plastics and other materials also different chemical composition and / or density, in which the materials in the required composition, shape, amount and Time unit supplied to the individual production stages or devices and there processed or processed, wherein the mixed with hardener and / or accelerators and / or activators or sensitizers and / or thixotropic agents or the like materials and / or the layers to immobile or moving or transported or twisted surfaces, cores or production forms, and the shaping and / or impregnation and wetting, in particular the reinforcing materials with the binding preferably consisting of unsaturated polyesters or of epoxy resins medium and their bubble-free compression and alignment by kinetic energy transmitted to these periodically preferably in the form of mechanical vibrations, with simultaneous or subsequent shaping and / or solidification, preferably by energy, in particular by suitable electromagnetic waves, and in which the mechanical vibrations on an elastically deformable wall or thin layer are transferred to the materials, according to patent 134 213.

Characteristic of the known technical solutions

In the patent 134 213 a method and a device for carrying out the method for the production of articles made of fiber-reinforced materials exactly as described above. In the process, the. mechanical oscillations or pressure or shock pulses, preferably mosaic-like, at different points of introduction simultaneously or alternately or zone-wise in an elastically deformable, e.g. wall of a substrate, a core and / or · a production mold and / or a wall in the vicinity of the surface of the substrate, consisting of flexible materials or thin sheet metal

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Kernes and / or the production form arranged corresponding thin layer and / or in a one-sided on the wall and / or the thin layer adjacent and filled with at least one pourable, pasty, liquid or gaseous medium filled space or cavity and / or on the corresponding wall , the thin layer or the medium is transmitted and / or transferred by means of the wall, the thin layer and / or the medium to the materials. The device consists of at least one, preferably a number of individually or jointly controllable induction coils, which are introduced into said wall or thin layer or around the optionally double-walled manufacturing form or in the vicinity of this and / or in the core or in the vicinity and attached the voltage sources, possibly interposed transformers and control and Regularyvorrichtungen, such as a programmer that controls the supply and / or metering and / or treatment and / or drive and / or transport devices are connected, and that the Material of the production mold or its wall, the core and / or the thin layer or at least one layer of this form or the core is magnetic or magnetizable material.

Object of the invention

The object of the invention is to improve, simplify, make more universally applicable the method and the device according to main invention protection law and also to produce layers or application layers on objects.

Explanation of the essence of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus for performing the method for

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Preparation and Beschiclitung of moldings, esp. Hollow bodies of large-volume form, especially ₀ IMD of fiber-reinforced thermoset / or thermoplastics create and / or elastin au, the or "which allows esp. In the manufacture großvoluniiger moldings or hollow bodies to the wetting and / or substantially reduce the compaction and shaping required energy requirement, substantially increase the surface pressure on the surface of the materials and / or materials and / or layers with a corresponding stable design of the formation or the core and thereby by applying mechanical and / or electrical vibrations or Waves reduce the forming energy, increase the density of the layers or of the molded body to be produced and significantly reduce the production time, with simultaneous load-dependent control of the strength properties of the molded body or layer to be produced, ie. In particular, to produce moldings of optimum construction, which, if they fail, fail at the same time everywhere.

This Aufgs.be is in the case of: - Verfalircii erfindungogerd-ß solved by depressurized an open, preferably closable, ein- or Jnelitilig trained, wärbarc or already erwärinte production form or a core and / or a molded body to be coated with cold or heated trickle or pourable, s, B. powdery and / or chopped and / or shredded and / or flaked and / or needle and / or granulate and / or dough-shaped and / or liquid, possibly precured and / or suitable thermoplastics and / or such hot melt adhesives and / or elastomers, the latter z. B. in still uncrosslinked state as a monomer (eg B ₀ by direct polymerization of caprolactam to the polyamide or by vulcanization of natural rubber or Buna (rubber) to elastic vulcanizates or the like in 'in situ)' pre-kungmateriallos ·, but preferably mixed with In particular, corrugated Verstarkungsmaterial Kurzfasern and / or whiskers and / or already associated with the reinforcing materials caked plastics and / or elastomers

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dosed filled and / or that a part or the camouflaged inner and / or outer erwärmbs.ro or heated surface of the. production or the core or i'.u coating '-rich Forrckörpers said with the mentioned free-flowing or pourable or dough -rich- reinforcing material or reinforced said materials and / or Schieilten and / or plates and / or preforms and / or semi-finished products from the said Duro - and / or thermoplastics and / or Elasto-.Eieren and / or the polymers and / or ITielitpolyriereii and / or other materials, .z "B" of metal in the: the respective application or load case required order evenly or load-dependent in varying thickness coated and then with at least one serving as the core and / or counter-mold and with at least one incompressible pourable solid and / or liquid, if necessary "magnetically influenced or magnetic esp." Ferromagnetic "/ !, multiple unusable usable medium - preferably higher than the weight mentioned trickle or "schüt viable or liquid materials - for the respective production to be filled high-strength, from flexible temperature and against the materials mentioned chemically stable.bzw ₀ rosistontom, preferably in volume vergrössbarem, in shape and greetings to be produced or coated moldings or the corresponding cavity adaptable is covered open or closable press container and loaded., after which the production mold and / or core and / or to be coated moldings or tank partly or completely with a lid or, if necessary _e the press container-forming counter-mold, possibly _o up to vents and the Preßbehälter filled with the said, if necessary, already heated medium and the medium and the Preßbehälter under constant, but in size control or adjustable Preßanfangsdruck set or biased and before, here and / or after the production USWo and / or your ode r its surface, the medium and / or the pressure vessel in mechanical and / or hydraulic and / or electro-hydraulic 'and / or magnetic'

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o controlled and controllable, possibly eg from the rear to the top, by means of a vibration or traveling field required distance, by means of the medium exerted on the medium and / or generated in the medium, partial pressures exerted on the materials and / or successively until completed wetting, compacting and forming in the form of pressure, in particular liquid-pressure pulses or shock waves and / or ultrasonic vibrations (in particular power show) and / or directly or via an intermediate image or Chamber coupled to the medium vibration or ultrasonic transducer with simultaneous or further heating of mold, core or the like.

* -Surface and / or Preßbehälterwandung and / or the medium esp. With simultaneous pressure increase to • Preß- or, deformation end pressure plasticized or softenable materials or objects plasticized or softened and / or the liquid materials heated and thereby the formed layers to form body !, hollow bodies or containers or u ug 3gSungen formed, vented and compacted and partially or completely polymerized mid solidified or 'hardened, then the medium, optionally replaced by cold medium and then transported or pumped from the Preßbchültcr and the pressure vessel is taken from or from the optionally cooled mold, the core or the coated shaped body or container after appropriate opening of the shape usv / β,

In a further embodiment of the method, the load-dependent control of the strength properties according to the invention takes place in that the pressure exerted on the medium, esp. The fluid is first increased to the initial compression pressure and dana, ch with further continuous or dense and / or layer thickness or load-dependent 'pressure increase is placed on the under Berstdruck the Herstellungsforra, the Endschichtdicke of materials or materials and / or articles corresponding Pressenddruck and before and / or at the same time by this and / or at least one other vibration transformer to the medium, esp. the said pressure pulses or shock waves are applied to the liquid in such a way

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and be controlled in their Druckvcrlauf "b-zw" in their effect that the Impuls'bzw "size dor. Pulses of Anfanrs- (resonant frequency) towards the final pressure and reduces the pulse frequency, if necessary, amplitude-dependent vorsugsvvreise also reduced, if necessary _{β is} increased according to which the pressure and / or the inipul effect is either maintained for a defined time and / or reduced continuously or abruptly to normal pressure ».

This object is achieved in the device for carrying out the method, which consists of a one-part or multi-part sealable manufacturing mold, a core and / or a molded body to be coated on the or on the inner and / or outer surface of the materials and / or objects can be brought and / or distributed, according to the invention solved "that the possibly closed up to vents and / or suction valves 13, esp. equipped with control and / or regulating valves 34 and manometers 35 Production Form 1 or the core and / or Moldings to be coated, which already contain the substance or particles _V 3, 4 ^V , preferably distributed on the surface, emanates a cavity, in which a flexible open, with an uncomprehensive Siblon sclüttfähigen solid and / or liquid medium G - preferably higher density Is the or at least one component of the materials 3, 4 - fillable he Preßbehälter 5 is arranged, on the one hand filled with said medium 6 and preferably via interposed valves 7 and at least one Hochdruck¬ bzw.β hydraulic and / or intermittently working, preferably in their parameters odr controllable controllable and reversible pressure and / or suction pump 9 communicably connected to at least one medium reservoir 11 or connected thereto and / or on the other hand with min-, at least one mechanical vibrations, preferably shock waves and / or pressure pulses and / or ultrasonic vibrations generating and / or emitting and tind on its wall / or preferably its medium 6 directly or via at least one intermediary medium chamber or membrane transmitting, preferably at and / or in.der wall of the Her-

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position 1, the core and / or the body coated on the bottom and / or on the odor in the communicating pressure- raid or suction line 8, 10 and / or in the press), it holds 5 itself arranged, if necessary "off mindostons existing and electrohydraulic ^ pulse generating and transmitting Gebor 14 in tfirkkcntakt a pair of electrodes and is in Wirkvorbindung, wherein the G-eber 14 with inindostens a vibration generator 26 with Stcßstrori- b:; - '.:. Pulse generator 17.3. H ₀ consisting of converter _s rectifier, Sntlador, Schaltor, energy storage or capacitor, possibly transformer, and a Hetz or, a supply voltage source 18, or ζ. B ₀ consisting of a switch 20 jz. B, in the form of a semiconductor diode, a program commutator or "a program scarf twerk 21, an energy storage or". Capacitor 22, a feed part 23, a switch 24 and · a Hetz or »Speisespannungsuelle 25, is in direct contact and / or in operative connection.

In a further embodiment, the invention is characterized in that the mechanical vibrations Übsrtragende encoder 14 preferably in the upper part and the Sinfüllöffnurg the open Preßbehältors 5 in preferably- "r-mittolb.-.-. R Lower underlying einsr preferably the Preßbehält ere infüllöffnung 38 and dam 14 donors in greetings and / or! Form with through holes 39 adapted for the medium 6, in the, preferably in the upper part of the manufacturing forin 1, the core or to be coated Fornikörpers, insb.es »in the corresponding wall or in the Cover 12 located recess 40 are arranged, the Preßbehälteröffnung 38 z., By a preferably zslegbaren in individual parts clamping and / or spreader oör a clamping ring 41 is held open and printed on oils mold wall, the encoder 14 with the in the press container located and preferably under pressure medium 6 diaskt or via a preferably raid is in contact with at least one 'at the same time forming the Gebor 14 or arranged on the encoder 14 vibration generator 26 directly or via electrical, pneumatic, with the same or another liquid or gaseous medium filled

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hydraulic or mechanical © and by the mold wall USW ₀ or the cover 12 gas-tight guided intermediate links 16 with the electric, pneumatic, hydraulic, electrohydraulic ^ or mechanical Impuls.und / or shock waves and / or ultrasonic vibrations generating vibrator 26 is connected to that between donor surface and form and / or top wall an elastically deformable, preferably the sensor surface in size and shape and the amplitude of vibration in the thickness matched element 42, preferably the correspondingly shaped edge or the upper Bul.der opening 38 of the pressure vessel 5 and in Forin- c _{is 0} or lid wall, at least one, adjustable to different print sizes, or a predetermined pressure pattern-controlling the pressure relief valve 34 and / or at least one closable on adjustable overpressure vent hole 43, further, on the respectively highest point of the in the form etc »located materials and / or objects and the latter arranged communicatively via the sender 14 i-it of the opening 38 of the large container 5 and / or via a possibly _o sto'ßweise working pump with a medium storage container arranged vent openings and a closable with a valve filling opening 44. 11 is connected "

The invention is based on an embodiment. be explained in more detail, In the accompanying drawings show:

3, 1: a principle of the device according to the invention,. partly shown in section;

Fig. 2: an example of the electrical structure of the vibration ore close s.

According to Pig. 1, the device according to the invention consists of a two-part and connectable with screws manufacturing mold 1, which has reinforcements 2 and which is constructed stably, 'to record high pressures. On the surface of the production mold 1 are the starting materials of the shaped body or the layer, namely reinforcing materials or "materials 3 and liquid and / or free-flowing or pourable binders or materials or articles, which together form the body 31 with his

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Opening '28 or the layer "bildon.

Between Pormwandung and the materials 3; 4, a release agent or release film is brought in front of the forink body production, but of course not. The materials 3; 4 are applied in known manner to the F-ormoberflache or placed in the manufacturing mold T and distributed there »For example, · are first brought dry Yerstärkungsmaterialien on the Formo" surface, there, for example, magnetically fixed and / or held, then the liquid or poured pourable binder and pressed by a subsequently introduced Preßbehälter 5 in the Yerstärkungsmaterialien continuously with the filling from the bottom up The Preßbehälter 5 is filled with a pourable solid and / or liquid medium 6 high density and presses on filling the Yerstärkungsmaterialien to the mold wall and The liquid binder from the bottom up in the Yerstärkungsmaterialien, thus impregnates them and presses the same side out the air out of the materials.

If use is made of either unconsolidated or scrapped material, or of sheet-like materials 3 'and R-free or pourable materials 4, these are deposited as required and / or the aiifgosckuitet or cuf-. sprayed or distributed through the Preßbehälter 5. The production mold 1 or its cover 12 has a filling opening 44, which via a pressure and / or suction line 8, a high-pressure or »hydraulic or intermittent pump and a suction and / or pressure line 10 with a reservoir 11 for the medium 6 is communicatively connected. The line 8 has a shut-off valve. 7 c and a pressure valve 7 a, which is reversible to the suction valve. The line has a suction valve 7 b, which is reversible to the pressure valve, such as ball valves.

The production form e 1 has in particular at the highest point of the materials 3; 4 vents or suction valves 13, through which .the in the materials 3; 4.enpressed air can be pressed out of the materials and / or additionally sucked »This happens on the one hand by the pressing pressure of the Preßbehälters .5 on the materials 3; 4 and / or through

not attached to the mammal valves

illustrated Saugpunpen ₀ ''.

In the upper part of the production mold T is a recess 4C, the; can be closed by the cover 12 which can be screwed on. In the recess 40, a vibration generator 14, in particular a magnetostrictive ultrasonic transducer or transducer, is arranged. The recess 4C is sized such that the sensor 14 is easily activated and the medium at the sensor 14 pushes on the upper surface of the encoder 14, and this in turn presses with its radiating surface on an arranged in the recess elastically deformable, the vibration amplitude in the thickness-matched element 42. The element 42nd can also be the bead or the correspondingly formed edge of the press container filling opening 38 ,,

Between the upper part of the manufacturing mold 1 and the lid is a seal 45o

The transmitter 14 is connected to a vibration generator 26 via gas-tight passage insulators 15 in the lid 12 and electric lines to a vibrator 26 consisting of a pulse generator 17 and a driver. a Sp :: ir: or.pa "". r: v "gs'; _ uclle 10 exists.

In the cover 12 is still a closable on overpressure vent 43 »through which the possibly filled with pressurized container still existing air is drained

In the line 8 is a control or regulating valve imd / or a pressure relief valve 34, through which the pressure to be generated in the pressure vessel adjustable or controllable in the pressure curve is «, Furthermore, located in the line 8, a manometer 35 * that the in the pressure vessel 5 or ₀ - the form 1 occurring pressure indicates.

The production mold 1 further has a heating channel system for heating the mold 1 and d _a with the materials 3; 4 "through the heating channels hot air, superheated steam or hot water or for cooling the mold is pumped cold air or water kaitos _v

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The Preßbehälter eiiifüllöffnung 38 is pressed by a preferably separable clamping and / or spreader 41 to the wall of the manufacturing fortress 1 · and thus kept open ₀

In the medium reservoir 11 is a heating tube or Heiz sclilangonsy star 36 with introduced electrical heating conductors, which are connected via electrical line 16 with a Hetz or Speisespannuns source 18, whereby the medium 6 erwi nailable and his warning to harden or polymerization and the like can be transferred to the materials 4.

2 shows an example of the electrical construction of the oscillator 26 ". This oscillator 26 consists of a switch 20, an oscillator or program controller 21, an electric energy storage capacitor. or a corresponding capacitor pack 22, a feed part 23, a switch 24 "and a Hetz or" a supply voltage source 25 o

The mode of action of the invention. Facility is the following:

After introduction of the materials and / or objects into the Herstelliiuigsform 1 or on the surface thereof or at the same time, for example, _e after applying the materials 3, 4 in ITascr / resin Spritζverfahren the press container is .gebracht in the mold 1 and its 5 Opening 38 with clamping body or clamping ring 41 attached to the Pormwandung. Thereafter, the element 42 and the encoder 14 are brought into the recess 40, the lid 12 is screwed onto the mold 1, the encoder 14 electrically connected to the vibrator 26 and the opening 44 to the line 8. Thereafter, the Preßbehälter 5 is filled with the medium 6 'by means of the pump 9. In this case, the materials 3, 4 ^to] ormwandung and pressing the air contained in the materials up and out of the Entlüftungsoffnungon 13?. Subsequently, possibly remaining in the recess 40 remaining air from the vent opening 43 and this closed to predetermined pressure. Thereafter, the oscillation Sr

generator 26 "and the pump 9 is turned on _o by the pump 9 will only. corresponding metered fluid ¹ OSW ₀ medium 6 supplied fills and thus increases the pressure in the medium, which simultaneously acts on the Abstralilflache of the encoder 14" The emission surface exerts In this way, the reinforcing materials 3 with the binders 4 are intimately or "completely" pressed out by the alternating pressure pressure generated by the pulses, the "air" and voids are pushed out or pushed out, respectively, onto the medium 6, in particular the said liquid medium If the production mold 1 and / or the medium 6 are heated simultaneously or before or if already heated medium is filled into the press container 5, it is hardened or polymerised immediately after wetting and bubble-free compaction and injection.

If the mentioned free-flowing or pourable materials 4 with or without reinforcing materials 3 and / or thermoformable objects, such as z, B. plates or surface finely thermosetting and / or thermosetting or elastomers, esp _o preforms or semi-finished, z. B ₀ prepregs are placed in the pom, (hx required molding pressure and required for softening and / or plasticization and / or polymerization temperature to set much higher, but "is the Herstellu ^, of Pormkörpern sois such materials and / or articles by, for example simultaneous heating of the surface of the production mold 1 and the medium β in temperature-stable Preßbehältermaterial, esp. From said materials, s, B _e thioplasts, feasible ..

Hach previously determined and the shape of body size sHgHgsßisx and thickness matched pumping and / or sonicating time and / or after reaching the set pressing z ₀ B ₀ depending on the mentioned pressing pressure the valve 34 is opened, the ζ «B ₀ an electrical circuit or a relay switches or interrupts and switches off the oscillator 26 and / or the pump 9 or its drive motor. Thereafter, either the temperature can be kept constant for a period of time or increased or decreased, as required. ₀ Wake up hardening or polymerization of the materials 4 or objects to the molded body 31 or to the layer of the pressing

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container partially odor completely emptied bsw _e pumped out, -dazu the vent opening 43 is opened, Thereafter, the manufacturing mold 1 is opened and the pressure vessel 5 and the molded body 31 produced from the sf or ::;. 1 taken. Of course, the molded article 31 may be annealed prior to completion, if necessary, because the pressing of the materials to the molded article does not take place abruptly, as in the case of an e-cylinder cold or hot press, but gradually through the pulses and, preferably, continuous pumping - or «, pressing pressure.

Of course, the pulses, esp. The ultrasonic pulses of the encoder 14 in addition with the help of the pump 8, which is then constructed as an intermittent pump (piston pump), shock pulses much lower frequency, z "B. between Hull and 50 to 200 Hz or more, - In particular, in the processing of thermoplastic materials and / or thermoset semi-finished products (prepregs) are superimposed. In this way, some properties of these materials, in particular their rheological behavior, their isotropy or anisotropy, are purposefully influenced.

The pump 9 is in its performance (Punpvoluinen / unit time) from the beginning to the end of the compaction depending on the size and thickness of the molded body 31 to be controlled or regulated, preferably in dependence of the pressure generated in the pressure vessel 5 so that as the pressure increases, the volume of medium 6 to be transported into the pressure vessel decreases to almost zero (final pressure). This final pressure will ever. be different according to the required degree of compaction of the moldings 31 and z _o B ₀ between 9 j 81 · 10 ^ and 9,81 ° 10 ° U / m ² or even in exceptional cases over it,. Such high pressures naturally require stable production forms. '.

The aforementioned pressure control or regulation is preferably carried out as a function of the frequency and / or amplitude control and / or regulation, z, B. with the aid of the program commutator or the programmer 21.

The exercise of said pressure pulses and / or shock waves by an intermittent pump and / or esp. By.

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the Ge ¹ Qer 14 "irifebes", a TJltrascliallgeber 14 takes place in that the pulses ¹ DSw ₀ b.zv their size. Hire Sehwingamplitude from the initial (resonant frequency) towards the ünddruck reduced or equal is maintained and · the Inmulsireqiionr: possibly amplitude-dependent preferably also reduced, possibly increased and the pressure maintained either a defined time and / or continuously or abruptly up to! Normal pressure is reduced "In the time of maintaining the pressure can be polymerized and / or tempered",

The coating of the cold or already heated .Oberfläche the Herstellungsforiii, the core or the shaped body to be coated is done without pressure or at atmospheric pressure with cold or heated trickling or free-flowing, z, B, powder and / or häckel- and / or schnitzel- and / or flakes and / or needle and / or granular and / or dough-shaped and / or liquid, optionally precured suitable Duro and / or thermoplastics and / or hot melt adhesives made from these materials and / or elastomers.

Thermoplastics or elastomers can z "B" in still unvernstster state as a monomer applied to said surface, z. B, by direct polymerization of Kaprolaktam zvs-i polyamide or by vulcanization of natural rubber or Buna (raw rubber) to elastic vulcanizates or dorgl. processed in situ.

The materials 4 are either processed without reinforcing material or are preferably mixed loosely with the reinforcing material short fibers and / or whiskers and placed on the surface, or they are already in the joined or baked state as materials 3, 4 placed on the mold surface.

Furthermore, the coating of the mold surface, etc. _o can be done by layers of the said materials 3 and / or 4 in said form as the outer and / or intermediate layer and / or such materials in the form of sheets, preforms, semi-finished, z _o B. be applied in said and / or ülächeiiform. , ,

The material and layer sequence in the required Poru and thickness takes place depending on previously determined,

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dependent on the load case, preferably by determining the optimal design on the basis of calculations, do h. that a workpiece or molded article is nowhere oversized and ^ hen the workpiece fails, it fails everywhere at the same time.

The I-ledium 6 is preferably a unkompresGiblos sciiütt mature solid and / or liquid, possibly magnetically manipulable or magnetic, in particular f erronagnotisehes i-.iediua, ^z "B, a ferromagnetic suspension or colloidal solution of these or other Did he i alien , z "B ₀ with 'nonmagnetic particles, Z ₀ Β» of high-density materials, eg. B ₀ gravel or lead and preferably has a higher Wielite than the said liquid and / or free-flowing or pourable materials. 4

To produce the shaped bodies or the layer, the materials 3j4 are added to the vibrations mentioned which can be generated mechanically, hydraulically, electrohydraulically, electrically and / or magnetically or the like. Possibly. the materials can also be transported from below to above in the shape of a candle by means of a traveling field required distance (s ₀ B ₀ magnetic fields or the like) arranged from outside in the preferably magnetically uribeeir.flußbaren Herstellungsforniwandujig.

In the application of vibrations, esp. Of ultrasonic vibrations, preferably of power sound, the materials 4, d _o h, esp. The liquid binder is first reduced in viscosity by exploiting the thixotropic and / or the. Ultraschalldepolymerisationsseffektes due to the action of the These vibrations are then caused by the high alternating pressure acting on them and the ultrasonic capillary effect of ultrasonic vibrations in capillaries in the capillaries and capillary gaps of the reinforcing materials, compresses and wets the reinforcing materials and compresses the materials, removes bubbles and voids, and excess binder, heat and harden or «polymerize (possibly by the aforementioned shock waves, z, B ₀ in raw rubber) the materials to the molding, in Eo.helastomer.en z" B "in seconds to the car tire. ·

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The materials 4 may also be thioplasts or else be modified in particular with thiophene-modified epoxy resins and be molded in the form of a body or to form a layer. The heating of the materials may be effected by heated medium 6, e.g. B "oil or a free-flowing medium / oil suspension or corresponding colloidal liquid, preferably a liquid of high boiling temperature is to be used, esp., When hot curing and / or plasticization and / or heat treatment of moldings or layers is required» It is advantageous ,, if the materials 3 and / or 4 are made electrically and / or magnetically conductive depending on the application, for example by coating with magnetically and / or electrically conductive particles or by spraying. or the like. In this way, the materials aixch during application to the surface of the Her.stellungsform by magnetic or electric fields depending on load case aligned and / or transported on said surface. Also, non-metallic reinforcing materials or materials 4 may have been appropriately influenced by electrostatic forces by charging their surface with electrical particles by means of a spray electrode.

Also, the materials can be mixed in bulk or in the condition of impounded building material or metal-reinforced as outer and / or intermediate layer, brought into the mold. The same applies to foam starting materials, for example for the production of support cores, ζ. Β. made of "polyurethane foam or for the production of showin-concrete layers"

The uniform distribution of free-flowing or pourable materials in or on the mold can be done, for example, by the pressurized container 5, which is filled more and more for this purpose and penetrates into the said materials poured into the production mold and these The coating with the free-flowing or pourable materials can also be transferred to the surface in the direction of the respective surface by transferring the transport or transport energy.

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surface element on the one hand, for example, by the said vibration or Wanderfeldfürdorimg by r.agnotisehe action done, or by spin-coating in the heated or softened state »

The medium 6 may also be a medium which is converted from the solid to the liquid phase by heating, and which is low in the presence of other metals, has a high melting point relative to the materials, _or D.Weiroitli or its alloys Ha.rtwaoh.sc or the like used v / earth, which can be particularly hocherwärint and preferably has a high density ,,

Furthermore, the Preßbehälter 5 z. B ₀ first with a gaseous medium, eg. B. air and / or filled with the other medium mentioned 6 and then coated by applying, eg winding the said reinforcing materials in the respective required shape, by stripping woven or knitted reinforcing material preforms or semi-finished v / earth and then possibly un In the case of use of dry stiffening, it is understood that binders are also brought into the mold.

Also, metal-coated reinforcing materials in said form, for. B. as "mat or coated accordingly duroplast and / or thermoplastics or .Elasten as a semi-finished product or in the aforementioned form, for example ₀ in the form of gauze as a material or article or as a preform.

The inventive device also allows the production or molding of single or multi-layer sheet 'objects, eg. These objects are also placed in the mold or the core and with the help of the Preßbehälters 5 · medium 6, the pump Q ., And formed by the encoder 14 emitted pulses and / or

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-compacted, if necessary, even in the event of severe heating and / or subsequent tempering. In the case of metal plates or sheets, a surface-shaped vibration is produced by the abovementioned pressure pulses and / or shock waves or "by the ultrasonic vibrations, wherein even the properties are improved, eg, the hardness is increased. In this way, multilayer or sandwich constructions can be produced in one operation, for example, a molded body with steel layers and with an intermediate layer of fiber-reinforced thermosets and / or thermosets and / or elastomers, such as liquid or solid thioplast as a vibration or 'vibration damping pad under machine stand or the like '. , ,

The production of. fiber-reinforced thermosets and / or thermosets in trickling or pourable or in planar Porm happens z. B ₀ during transport of these materials in said mold by a heating and / or vibration and / or fluidized bed zone and its 30schichtung in that either the plastics oder'Elasten with the reinforcing materials or vice versa, if necessary _e under Sinsprühen of binders v / hile of transport. ,

In FIG. 1, the encoder 14 is connected to the vibration generator 26 via electrical lines. However, the C-e'bcr 14 can also be coupled or coupled directly to the vibration generator 26. Also, the transmitter 14 can be made of at least one or a number of outside of the Pormwandung or in the Pörmwandung (laminated) or in the ITähe the Pormwandung or arranged around these electrical windings, coils, Magnetinduktoren, electromagnets, vibrators and / or ultrasonic generators 29; 33 (not shown in the drawing), which are also electrically connected or operatively connected to at least one vibration generator 26 with surge current or pulse generator 17 and the mains or supply voltage source 18 or 25. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the encoder 14 is a magneto or electrostrictive

- * - 191 129

bauter sound generator is, which consists of a .vorzugsweise cooled vibration transducer with adapter and sonotrode or sonde or from a TJltraschallkopf., Consisting of • sounder, transformer, oscillator holder and cooling device is built »The encoder 14 is required with a HP power frequency, For the purpose of biasing and avoiding hysteresis losses, it is advantageous to superimpose a DC current on the HF current.

It is furthermore advantageous, if the press container is of multilayer construction, consists of high-temperature-resistant, flexible, in particular strongly stretchable materials and is chemically resistant and medium-tight to the materials 3j 4 and their hardeners, accelerators and / or solvents and to the pilling media 6, d _o h. consists of such materials _o As a material come Z ₀ B ₀ polyvinyl alcohol at low temperatures, neoprene, Silikonkautschule and / or with -metallic and / or non-metallic, possibly with magnetic or ferromagnetic !! or magnetically influenced and / or electrically conductive materials odor! articles filled odor coated plastics and / or elastomers in question, ''

As filling and / or coating material are materials or particles of metal, carbon, graphite or the like, 'and as at least one layer ^ materials of boron, asbestos, basalt, mica, glass, for example in the form of fabrics, knitted fabrics, nonwovens or the like. In "Question", This layer is, for example, with high temperature stable materials, eg. B ₉ polyphenylene sulfide. or thioplasts impregnated and / or coated ,,

The pressure vessel 5 coated with electrically conductive materials or filled with such materials and constructed from said materials has become electrically and / or magnetically conductive in this way and can be provided with electrical contacts not shown in the drawing and via these and preferably a transformer with a supply voltage source 18 for heating purposes !! connected. The transformer has the purpose, which at the pressing

129

container led voltage from .Hetzspannung of z. B ₀ 220 Y to lower than 42 Y. ,,

Furthermore, the aforementioned press container can be heated by induction. This is done by arranging electrical coils (not shown in the drawing) in the middle of the press container or in its wall, through which, for example with the aid of an HF generator 17, ei * ¹ high-frequency alternating current is sent.

Also, the z. B. aiis thioplasty existing Preßbehälter 5 one or both sides provided with surface heating or coated, which also serve for heating purposes via power contacts and are connected to power sources, Yon special Yorteil is when the Preßbehälter of thioplasts or impregnated with thioplasts and / or "coated temperature stable fabrics, for" example of glass _r, boron _y, graphite or "carbon fibers. Suitable Thioplasts especially ₀ such into consideration, the condition by halides with greatly extended saturated carbon chain, eg. 3 with CjpHp, CIp be formed by isomers of the same gross composition with one or two AtliylonscitengruxDpen, since they are thermally stable to about »250 C temperature resistant and against the above materials 3; 4 and said fillers 6»

Sometimes, it may be Yorteil that the Preßbehältermaterial is a material which can be a surface of the molded body or the layer at the same time and bond chemically and / or physically in the production with the materials 3J4, z, B _e of PYC, Thbplasten or raw rubber or dergle exists and thus applies as a lost core or Preßbehälter »

It is also possible to spray liquid thioplast onto the materials 3-j4 located on the mold surface and to polymerize it in front of or to the press container and / or mold or layer material, after which the medium 6 is introduced and the other process steps are carried out. The Preßbehälter can of course «also used for the production of Holilprofilen or pipes urd accordingly herge as a long bag or hose or in an appropriate form.

- 191 129

be presented.

Instead of or in addition to the vent openings. 13, it is advantageous to place in the manufacturing center a rigid, decomposable and / or composable, rigid and, compared to the pressurized, stable venting space, in particular at the location of the venting openings and receives the air extruded from the materials 3, 4 'during production (air, vapor or gas bubbles or voids and superficial material.) Since this space is coated with release agents, it can rapidly change after the forcinol preparation be cleaned and reused.

The coating of said surface with the riesei- or ₀ pourable materials 4 can be done by spraying, spraying or centrifugal devices, such as Preßluftdüsen 'are preferably equipped in the l'Tähe the nozzle opening in the direction of the nozzle outlet with a hot gas jet and the above Materials heat and / or soften, which causes the surface of the mold to soften: \.

The manufacture sforiti 1 ka? .Ifl of magnetically influenced or uninfluencable Llaterial, for example, made of fas ..rverstärktem plastic, aluminum or steel and possibly be backfilled, z, B ₀ with building materials, esp. Reinforced concrete _e

The shaped body according to the invention produced or the layer is with in a variant, especially _e from fiber-reinforced and thioplasts modified epoxy resins and / or without hardener and accelerators and / or sensitizer, and is a mechanical and / or by exposure to ultrasonic vibrations, insbeSo in the range between Hull'und 200 kHz and dar * over compacted and / or formed by heat and / or pressure, possibly by electromagnetic waves, preferably from the IR to the UV "range, or by high-energy radiation and / or by magnetic fields affected, hardened or "polymorized article" The materials 3, 4 contain, depending on the intended use and the case of exposure, in a known manner and if necessary

. ".- 191 129

Hardener and / or the accelerator and / or fillers in the. required composition and quantity. ,,

Uacli dor invention, in particular »large-volume, thin and / or thick-walled mold, esp. Hollow body or container can also be made of complicated shape and Oberflächehform whose opening! Yours is opposite her cavity. Another advantage of the invention is that the invention "pressure-dependent as well as .Hochleistungskalt- or hot presses strong-walled manufacturing sformen require, but no huge foundations and that with the invention very deep and undercut moldings and hollow body generated during cold or hot curing are that can not be produced with the mentioned presses.

Claims (9)

-ζ * - ι WP B 29 d / 191 129
Invention claim: 1. A process for the production of articles' from fiber-reinforced materials, in particular from layers or coating layers of fiber-reinforced plastics and other T7erkstoffen also different chemical composition and / or density, wherein the ^ materials in the required composition, shape, amount and time unit the individual processing stages or devices are supplied and processed there, wherein the mixed with hardener and / or accelerators and / or activators or sensitizers and / or thixotropic agents or the like materials and / or the layers on stationary or moved or transported or twisted surfaces of substrates, cores or molds, and the shaping and / or impregnation and wetting, in particular of the reinforcing materials with the binder, preferably consisting of unsaturated polyesters or of epoxy resins, and their bubble-free Compression and alignment by kinetic energy transmitted to these periodically preferably in the form of mechanical vibrations, with simultaneous or subsequent shaping and / or solidification, preferably by energy, in particular by suitable electromagnetic ellen, and in which the mechanical vibrations by elastically deformable thin Layers are transferred to the materials, in particular for the production of mechanical and / or Ultraschalla11schwingungen and a bubble-free intimate composite in the materials, in and / or between the layers and the orientation of the Werkst offkomponenten in Plast, according Pcxhu ^ ^ iU 31Ό «characterized characterized in that an open, preferably closable, one-part or multi-part formed, heatable or already heated production mold or a core and / or a molded article to be coated with cold or heated free-flowing - ίΐ- 191 129 or solubilizable, e.g. Powder and / or chopping and / or Schnitzel and / or flake and / or needle and / or granules and / or dough-shaped and / or liquid, optionally precured Duro and / or suitable thermoplastics and / or such Hot melt adhesives and / or elastomers, the latter z. B. in the still uncrosslinked state as a monomer (ζ, Β. By direct polymerization of caprolactam to polyamide or by vulcanization of ITaturkautschule or Buna (raw rubber) to elastic vulcanizates or the like in situ Verstärkerkungsmareriallos, but preferably mixed with particular corrugated Verstärkungsmaterialkurzfasem and / or "Whiskers and / or mentioned already added to the reinforcing materials and / or caked called plastics and / or elastomers metered filled and / or that a part or the entire inner and / or outer heatable or heated surface of said manufacturing mold or the core or molded article with said pourable or pourable or dough-shaped 7erstärkungsmaterialösen or reinforced materials and / or layers and / or plates mentioned 191 129 and / or preforms and / or semi-finished products of the mentioned duro and / or thermoplastics and / or elastomers and / or the polymers and / or non-polymers and / or other materials, Z ₀ B ₀ of metal in the respective application or load case, uniformly or depending on load case dependent coated in different thickness and then with at least one incompressible pourable solid and / or liquid, possibly magnetically influenced or magnetic insbeso ferromagnetisehen, repeatedly unusable usable medium - preferably higher than the weight specified riesei- or ₀ pourable or liquid materials for the respective production to be filled high-strength, flexible temperature and against the materials mentioned formerly stable or _o resistant, preferably in volume enlargeable, in shape and size is to be produced or coated mold body or the corresponding cavity adaptable open or closeable pressure vessel covered and loaded, after which the production mold and / or the core and / or the molded body or container to be coated partially or completely with a lid or one, jgf _β shaping the pressure vessel Counterform, if necessary, 'closed up to vents' and the pressure vessel filled with said, possibly "already heated medium and the medium and the pressure vessel is set or biased under constant, but in size controllable or adjustable Preßanfangsdruck and before, and / or after the preparation of the form etc. _o and / or their or its surface, the medium and / or the press container in mechanically and / or hydraulic-and / or electro-hydraulically and / or magnetically or derglo generated, and in frequency, amplitude and action time control or adjustable, if necessary B _e B ₀ from bottom to top with the help of a vibration or traveling field conveyor track, by on the medium exerted from the outside and / or generated in the medium, nacheinan- on the materials and / or layers. the partial pressures applied in the form of printing, in particular _0, to the completed wetting, compaction and shaping 191 129 Flüssigkeitsdruckiinpulsen or shock waves and / or ultrasonic vibrations (in particular schmittimgsschall) and / or coupled directly or via an intermediate layer or chamber to the medium vibration or ultrasonic transducer with simultaneous or further heating of IPorni-, core or the like,.-Surface and / or Preßbehälterwandung and / or the medium esp. With simultaneous pressure increase up to pressing or _e deformation end the plasticized or softenable materials or objects plasticized or softened and / or heated the liquid materials and thereby the layers formed to porin bodies, hollow bodies or containers or coatings molded, vented and compacted and partially or completely polymerized and solidified or cured, then the medium, if necessary, "exchanged by cold medium and then transported from the Pre'ßbehälter or" pumped and the Preßbehälter from or from the possibly abg cooled Porm, the core or the fiix coated molding or container after appropriate opening of the nozzle. is taken, 2. A process according to claim 1, characterized in that the polymerizing agents placed on or in the mold, the core or the container are conveyed to the container body si.-o: ..;. Binder, z "3rd unsaturated polyester first partially reduced by short-term temporary exposure to mechanical, in particular by Ultraschallschv / ingungen by exploitation, the thixotropic and / or the Ultraschalldepolymerisatioiiseffektes in its viscosity or depolymerized. be and thereby and / or thereafter by targeted action of the generated by said vibrations Ji high alternating pressure due to the ultrasonic capillary effect occurring in seconds within the capillaries and capillary sp old en also on or in the production "! -. form USW ₀ accommodated reinforcing materials are pressed and thereby wet the reinforcement materials intimately and completely and thereby and / or thereafter, or the wetted in this way reinforcing materials "laminate obtained by acting on its surface pressure and / odor further mechanical and / or ultrasonic vibrations and / or 191 129 Compresses shock pulses, while the excess resin or binder is removed from the reinforcing materials and thereby and / or thereafter under the action of heat and maintaining the pressure - at least until the gelling of the binder - maintained, interrupted the vibration treatment and the materials solidified or polymerized or hardened » Verfaliren according to claim 1 and 2, characterized gekonnzeichnet that the pressure exerted on the medium, esp. _0, the liquid is first increased to the Preßanfangsdruck and then with further continuous or density and / or Schichtdicken- or load case-dependent pressure increase to the bursting pressure of the manufacturing form lying, the Bndschichtdicke of the materials or ,, materials and / or articles erftsprechenden Preßenddruck is brought before and / or at the same time by this and / or at least one other vibration on the medium, esp., On the liquid said pressure pulses or shock waves and / or Ultraschallir.ipulso- so exercised and in their pressure course or "in their. Be controlled effect, that the pulses or «, size of the pulses from the beginning (resonance frequency) towards Bnddruck reduced and the pulse frequency, optionally amplitude-dependent preferably also reduced, if necessary increased, after which the pressure and / or the pulse effect either a defined time uphold and / or. is reduced continuously or abruptly to normal pressure. Process according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the inner and / or outer surface of the production mold, the core and / or the molded body to be coated first either by the fiber / resin spraying process or after application or incorporation of dry reinforcing materials or reinforcing material preforms and / or pouring in of the liquid binders, in particular of unsaturated polyesters or of epoxy resins and / or modified synthetic resins, Ze 3. Epoxy resins modified with liquid or flowable thioplasts and / or foamable, z, B ₀ heat-foamable materials and / or prepolymeric or "pourable or surface-shaped" fiber-reinforced materials, eg "B ₀ prepregs ¹ OE". and thereafter, ehälter applied after applying further called layers or articles of pressed) optionally _0, and the further process steps are carried out, curing or "esp polymerization. by Erwärnniing of the medium and / or by one, a high boiling liquid having, z" B ₀ oil, is carried out » A method according to claims 1 to 4, characterized in that said materials and / or articles are first rendered electrically, and / or magnetically conductive in their initial form prior to their coating and / or after, their coating and before their processing into foramin bodies or coatings, z "B. by coating ^ with magnetically and / or electrically conductive or, influenceable materials, z _o Bo by. Spraying of magnetic or magnetisable and / or other electrically conductive materials or particles, possibly with binding agents, or iron compounds, _{o 0} B Eiseruaydroxyd represented by. Precipitation is deposited with an alkaline reagent and, in .uj Lxagnotit after drying and exposure to heat under a 'gaseous Heduktiorisiuittel, z _o 13 CG-gas. ". D / o.dor i ^ Lisen is converted, or vapor deposition nit duz'ch are iron compounds, ζ "as ferric chloride, or the like., then brought possibly _o in .the form of preparation and aligned there burden depending on the case by means of electric or magnetic fields or rectified and / or held on the Formwajidung and finally heated and exposed to the pulses or shock waves mentioned , if necessary, "the reinforcement materials from non-metallic materials, such. B _{0 e} are exposed by charging its surface with electric particles by spray electrodes, made of glass, electrostatic forces z _e B. 6 "Process according to Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that instead of or in addition to the materials or a part of these materials, z, B" the plastic and / or the natural and / or synthetic polymers or non-polymers .in called form or, as a preform or semi-finished or the like. Building materials, such. As sand, gravel, gypsum or lime, chalk or cement or concrete mortar, if necessary Stahlbewehrt, in still malleable form and / or chips aiis wood and / or metal or the like. And / or foamable materials, z " 3. for the production of foam concrete or for the production of foam, esp. Of polyurethane foam, required materials are used as molding and / or coating material or part thereof or as semi-finished, 7ο method according to claim 1 to 6, characterized in that the esp. Uniform distribution of trickling or. pourable materials. the surface of the mold, the core or the body to be coated by the insbes, in mechanical vibrations, partially, esp. Completely filled Preßbehälter is performed. 8. The method according to claim 1 to 7, characterized in that the coating of the surface of the body to be coated, the core and / or the manufacturing form with said trickle-free or floury, possibly heated "Jcrkstoffen by transmission of movement or, Transport energy is carried out on this in the direction of 'the respective surface element. 9. The method of claim 1 to 8, characterized in that in the press container an over-run by heating from the solid to the liquid state or liquid become a low melting point exhibiting medium ζ "B ₀ bismuth or its alloys, or hard waxes, or Like. Filled and used at the same time for heat transfer, compaction and shaping. 10. The method n.A claim 1 to 9, characterized in that the Preßbehälter first with a gaseous medium, ζ. Β "air, is inflated or filled with said medium and especially" in the normal atmosphere is coated with the Verstärkungsmaierialien in the required form, e.g. _o B ₀ by wrapping with thread-like, strand, strip or sheet-like or the like. Reinforcement materials, also crosswise or .ie na.ch requirement and / or by "Re- Stratification with short fibers and / or fibers and / or silicas, in particular as intermediate layers and / or by spreading ι of woven or knitted or the like produced dry or pre-cured Verstärkungsmaterialvorformlingen or prepregs, and therliließend ggi ₀ under slight pressure increase in the preferably already with liquid or dough-shaped binders (in Bindierungsmittelnb) dosed filled B-e'rstellungsform etc. brought there under Maintaining the pressure in compressed air filling with the said media filled in exchange with the air and set under Vorpreßdruck and then the necessary process steps are performed, β Process according to Claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least one layer of magnetically influenceable and / or magnetic Yer strengthening materials is applied to the surface of the production mold, the core, the molded article to be coated and / or the press container as an outer layer and / or an intermediate layer z _o S ₀ in! form of a'metallbeschich- • beten fiberglass mat, and / or from said plastics and / or elastomers, z ₀ 3 "in Porm a metal-coated thermoplastic layer or gases applied. • 12th Method according to claim 1 to 11, characterized gcker.r :: eic '-. I :.etet that the! Molded body and / or the layer of several layers, plates and / or Yorformlingen of thermoplastics, also in the form of Gauze as outer and / or intermediate layers xaia of intermediate layers of said .Verstärkungsmaterialien, also in the form of mats, 'fabrics, knitted or dergl _o , if necessary, first as Saiidwich preform and then as a shaped body or coating is produced. 13 «A method for the preparation and / or shaping of bodies or coatings of one or more layers flächenförmi _r gene articles z _e B ₀ metal plates, metal sheets, wood panels or derglo, if necessary" with plastic coating of thermoplastics and / or thermosets and / or elastin , characterized in that the articles are first brought to or into the mold or a • core, then a with a unkompressiblen pourable solid and / or liquid medium, esp. a liquid, for _e 3 "oil, partially filled or j ?; u -μ- \ 91 129 filling,. from a flexible, insbes "stretchable, high temperature and mediuiufesten and -dichten material ordering pressure vessel on said. G-egenstände is brought, the Herstellungsforni ggf ₀ closed if necessary on vents and / or topped, the pressure vessel is completely filled and pressurized, and / or after that the medium, the I-ressb he holds and / or the production & f orin and / or if necessary the core is heated and ₀ nit mechanical vibrations between Hull and 200 MIZ and above - especially externally applied to the i-lediuid, especially, "which generates liquid or in this or in the Preßbehälter- or Foriawandung or applied to these - controllable frequency and amplitude beaufschlschlagt and thereby formed and / or interconnected, if necessary, with intermediate layers of binders or adhesives. 14e method esp. _E according to claim 13, characterized gekennzeichne.t that prior to deformation as outer and / or intermediate layer at least one layer of fiber-reinforced plastics and / odsr Elasten, esp. In flat form or as a preform, S ₀ B. insbeso existing made of glass fiber reinforced unsaturated polyesters, epoxy resins or with Tliioplasten i-iodiiiziorten 'epoxy resins or the like on or in the iporr _o; odor don ICerr. is brought 15. A process for the preparation and coating of moldings or Holilkörpern, optionally _o according to claim 1 to 14, characterized in that suitable free-flowing or free-flowing, d, h _e powder, and / or chopped and / or schnitzel- and / or flake- and / or grainy-filler materials. from thermosets and / or thermosets and / or Elastasten before processing to Formkörperη transported by at least one heating and / or vibrating and / or fluidized bed and there, possibly after heating, the surface on the softening, with unheated and or heated reinforcing materials in the form of short fibers, also wavy, or whiskers or derglo, preferably coated during their transport or vice versa, d ₀ h ,, that the Verstärkungsmaterialiec in the said form first with thermosets and / or thermosets and / or elastomers , in particular, in known trickling or pouring _ ITI form capable of, 'if necessary with simultaneous spraying or ₀
, Coating of thermosetting binder jackets coated and then partially or completely cooled and
be processed directly or later.to 'moldings or coatings, if necessary, the EeSchichtungen by gravity fields (eg B ₀ centrifugal force) or insbes magnetic force fields carried out and / or supported, 16 '. Device for carrying out the method, - consisting of a one-part or multi-part sealable
Herstellungsforia, a core and / or a molded body to be coated, on whose or, the inner and / outer
Surface the materials and / or objects bring and / or redistributable, according to claim 1 to 15, characterized in that 'if necessary, except for vents
and / or suction valves (13) sealed, in particular, with control and / or regulating valves (34) and manometers (35) equipped s position sforin (1-) or the core and / or to be coated molding, the or which already contains the materials and / or objects (3; 4), preferably distributed on the surface, has a cavity in which
a flexible offeier, with a non-compressible solid and / or liquid solid (6) preferably
higher weight than the or at least one component of the materials (3; 4) - arranged filling container (5)
is, on the one hand filled with said medium (6)
and preferably via intermediate valves (7) and 'at least one high-pressure or hydraulic and / or intermittent' working, preferably in their parameters controllable or controllable and reversible pressure and / or suction pump
(9) communicably connected to at least one medium reservoir (11) or connected to it and / or the other with at least one mechanical.
Vibrations, preferably shock waves and / or pressure pulses and / or ultrasonic vibrations generating and / or emitting and on its wall and / or preferably its medium (6) directly or via at least one intermediate medium chamber or membrane transmitting, preferably on and / or in the wall the production mold (1), the core and / or the body to be coated and / or to or in the communicating pressure and / or suction line (8; 10) and / or in the pressure vessel (5) arranged itself, if necessary, at least one pair of electrodes "existing and electrohydraulic pulses generating and transmitting encoder (14) is in Viirkkontakt or in operative connection , wherein the encoder (14) with at least one vibration generator (26) with surge current or pulse generator (17), z _o B ₀ consisting of converter, rectifier, discharger, switch, energy storage or capacitor, if necessary "transformer, and a Hetz or _o a supply voltage s source (18), or Z ₀ B ₀ consisting of a switch (20) Z ₀ B ₀ in the form of a semiconductor diode, a program commutator or a programmer (21), an energy store or capacitor (22) , a supply part (23), a switch (24) and a network or a supply voltage source (25), is in direct contact and / or in operative connection. 17. Device for carrying out the method according to claim 1 to 16, characterized in that the mechanical vibrations transmitting transmitter (14) preferably in the upper part and the filling opening (30) of the open i-roßbehälters (5) in the preferably immediately lower part below a preferably the Prebelbeliereinereinfüllöffining (38) and the encoder. (14) in size and / or shape with through holes (39) for the medium (6) adapted in the, preferably in the upper part of the manufacturing form (1), the core or molded body to be coated, in particular in the corresponding wall or in the cover (12) located recess (40) are arranged, the Preßbehälteröffiiung (38) z _o B ₀ by a preferably separable in pieces clamping and / or expansion body or a clamping ring (41 ) held in the open state and pressed against the mold wall, the encoder (14) with the in the pressure vessel (5) located and preferably under pressure standing medium (6). directly or via a preferably filled with the same or another liquid or gaseous medium intermediate membrane in contact and with at least one simultaneously the donor (14) forming or on the encoder (14) arranged vibration generator (26) directly or via electrical, pneumatic, hydraulic or mechanical and through the -Formwandung etc ₀ or the lid (12) gas-tight guided intermediate links. (15) is connected to the electrical, pneumatic, hydraulic, electrohydraulic © or mechanical impulses and / or shock waves and / or ultrasonic vibrations generating oscillator (26) that between Get) erfläche and form and / or Dek- kelwandung an elastically deformable , preferably the donor surface in size and shape v ''. and the Schwingmmgsamplitude in the thickness-matched element (42), preferably the correspondingly shaped edge or the o "re bead of the opening (38) of the compression vessel (5) and in the mold, etc., or Deokelwandung at least one, adjustable to different pressure sizes or a predetermined pressure profile-controlling pressure relief valve (34) and / or at least one on. settable Überdruck.verschließbare vent opening (43), further arranged to def each highest point of the materials in the mold, etc. _e and / or objects vents and with a valve closable filling opening (44) are arranged for the medium (6) and the latter kommunizirend via the encoder (14 x) with the opening (38) of the 2rölbehälter s (5) and / or via a gg ^(f _o 'intermittently operating pump 9 ) is connected to a medium reservoir (11) ο 18o device for carrying out the method according to claim. 1 to 17, characterized in that the encoder (14-) is coupled directly to a vibration generator (26) and / or from at least one or a number of or close to the molded, core and / or to be coated molded body and / or Pr eßb ehält erwaniu arranged electrical windings, coils, Magnetinduktoren, electromagnets, vibrators and / or ultrasonic generators (29; 33), which also with at least one vibration generator (26) with surge current or "pulse generator (17) and the ITetz or the supply voltage source (18 or »25) are connected or are in operative connection. - 191 129 19 _o device for carrying out the method according to claim 1Ms 18, characterized in that the Gebor (14) is a magneto or electrostrictive sound generator and from a cooled vibration transducer with spacer and sonotrode or sonde or from an ultrasound head, consisting of sound generator, transformer , Schwingcrhslterimg and cooling device is created and with an RF current, which: if necessary for biasing and avoidance of hysteresis losses is superimposed on a DC, is fed 2O ₀ 'device for carrying out the method according to claim 1 to 19> characterized in that the transmission of the' pulses to said. Medium (6) by a reciprocating and on the MMium (6) v / irkende performing piston and / or on the MEDIUM (6) acting vibrator, and / or ultrasonic transducer, in particular, a • magneto or electrostrictive Sounder (14) takes place, in particular the latter by an RF generator (17) powered v / ground. β means for carrying out the method according to claim 1 to 20, characterized in that in the press container (5) or in its medium (6) and / or in Ii ediuiiivorratsbehälter (11) and / or in the wall of the production mold, etc. 1) and / or the Preßbehälters (5) Heizröhren- or Heizschlangensysteme (36). with introduced electrical heating and / or Heizkanalsysteme (37) for transporting hot gases, vapors or liquids and / or coolant transport are introduced, with electric power sources (18) or, with conveyor or transport devices, z _e B. pumps , are connected. 22 _e device for carrying out the method according to claim 1 to 21, characterized in that the pressing container. (5) one, preferably multi-layered structure and made of high temperature resistant flexible, preferably highly stretchable 'compared to the molding materials (354) and filling media (6) chemically resistant medium-tight plastics and / or elastomers,' Z ₀ B ₀ of polyvinyl alcohol, neoprene, Silicone rubber and / or made of metallic and / or non-metallic with magnetic or ferromagnetic IMD / or magnetically influenced and / or -Electric conductive materials and / or particles - such as, _o 3, made of metal, carbon, graphite or derglo - filled and / or "coated plates and / or elastin and / odor if necessary, with the abovementioned materials and / or particles coated and / or consisting of these and / or 3or _r asbestos, basalt, G-Iimmer, glass or even in combination "woven, knitted or non-woven or derglo, if necessary with high-temperature-resistant polymers, eg. B. Polyphenylene sulfide impregnated and / or .beschichtet are, gg £ Y of the electrically and / or magnetically conductive Preßbehälter / (5) provided with electrical contacts and connected via this and preferably a transformer with a, supply voltage source (18) for heating purposes and / or by induction with the aid of a generator (17) with AC holier frequency durchflossennn and. in the IT near the press container (5) arranged coils (33) is heated. , , 23e device according to claim 1 to 22, characterized in that the Preßbehülter (5) on one or both sides with fläclienförmigen, esp., Flexible, z. 3. coated of electrically conductive metal or graphite or dcr ^ l _e glass fibers or fabrics oderdergl. existing and provided with electrical contacts heating elements or metal ^ LnsbeSo metal particles is coated and / or that the press container (5) consists of said fabrics, knitted fabrics, nonwovens or the like and is impregnated with thioplasts and / or consists of thioplasts, preferably from. those characterized by halides with greatly extended, saturated hydrocarbon chain, e.g. ^He like, for example, with Ο-, ρ ^ ^ οΛ Ιρ ^{0 (3-} isomers by Brutt © composition can be obtained with one or two Äthylenseitengruppen and to min- 'least 250 ° C are thermally stable " 24 »Device according to claim 1 to 23, characterized in that the pressing container (5) made of a with the molded body and / or coating material (3; 4) chemically and / or physically connectable material, for example from PYC or -3> - 191 129 or consists of Thioplasts and after manufacture, a so-called lost core or layer as a surface generated on the molded body (31) or the layer remains upstream • ₀ 25ο Device according to claim 1 to 24, characterized in that the pressing container (5) for the production of hollow profiles, pipes or dergl "also different diameter or cross-sectional dimensions of a this Eorii adapted long bag or hose is« 26. Device according to claim 1 to 25, characterized in that instead of or in addition to the vent openings (13) a stiffer relative to the pressing pressure stable perforated venting space in the form or in the core or the like, is arranged and / or that 'in the Form (1), possibly adapted to the shape contour, z. B ₀ in the form of a hollow ring (in the production of round moldings) designed, provided in the materials (3; 4-) and during production compressed air (air, steam or gas bubbles or lunker) receiving vent body provided for venting is 27o Device according to claim 1 to 26, characterized in that the coating, said surface with the pourable materials (4) by spraying, spraying or Schleudereiiirichtungen, beispiel.Preßluftdüsen takes place, if necessary, in the vicinity of the nozzle opening in the direction of Nozzle outlet equipped with a hot gas jet nozzle ₄ 28. Device according to claim 1 to 27, characterized in that the material of the production form, depending on the application, a magnetically influenced or magnetically uninfluenced material, for. B _{e is} a fiber-reinforced plastic, aluminum or steel or the like., If necessary, with a lining made of building materials, esp. Made of reinforced concrete ,. - »-... 191 129. 29 * Device according to claim 1 to .28, characterized in 'that on the free surface of the on or in the production form, etc.' located materials and / or articles .eine preferably in shape and size of the pressure vessel corresponding layer of said or produces other Preßbehältermaterialien, z, B _{0 is} sprayed or applied and replaces the Preßbehälter, 30, shaped body or layer, characterized in that this or this one of fiber-reinforced and modified with thioplast epoxy resins with and / or without curing agents and / or accelerators and / or sensitizers, durah exposure to mechanical and / or .Ultraschallschwingungen, in the range between UuIl and 200 kHz and above and / or compressed and / or heat-formed, if appropriate , by electromagnetic waves, preferably in the IR or UV range or high-energy. Radiation or by magnetic fields affected, cured or polymerized object is ». For this purpose / f page drawing.