DD123051B1 - METHOD FOR HALMSTABILIZATION OF CEREALS - Google Patents

Description

Characteristic of the known technical solutions The halo stabilizing effect of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid on rye and barley has been known for some time (DD- | PS 110739). By using salts of phosphonic acids, including quaternary nitrogen compounds such as _: Chlorocholine chloride, it is known to increase the spectrum of action of 2-Chloräthylphosphonsäure (DD-y

PS 117331). The use of mixtures of quaternary nitrogen compounds and phosphonic acids for reducing the length of growth of plants has also been described (DD-PS 115313). It is also known to use growth regulators in wheat, barley and rye cultures which contain as active ingredients combinations of alkali metal or ammonium salts of 2,3-dichloroisobutyric acid (DCiB) and chlorocholine chloride (CCC). (DD-PS 108029).

However, all these drugs or drug combinations have disadvantages. As such, there are:

a) None of the preparations is equally effective in all types of cereals, except oats

to take into account. -

, (b) In the case of rye and barley, the stabilization effect under high nitrogen conditions is insufficient to safely prevent the stocks from being stored.

c) 2-Chloräthylphosphonsäure must be applied at a relatively late time, which can lead to technological difficulties in the application (beats with high stocks are hardly passable by ground equipment).

d) Incorrect application and unfavorable weather conditions (dryness) in the case of the use of DCiB / CCC mixtures, there is a risk of overdose damage (leaf deformation or fertility problems [the latter especially in rye]).

Object of the invention

The aim of the invention is to develop a method for straw stabilization in cereals, which can be applied early and safely prevents the storage of stocks even with high nitrogen inputs

Explanation of the essence of the invention

• - 'This task is to develop a process for the stabilization of grain in crops, where the plants are treated with solutions. which contain 2,3-dichloroisobutyric acid or its alkali or ammonium salts (A) and chlorocholine chloride (B); According to the invention solved that as additional active ingredient 2-Chloräthylphosphonsäure or their alkali or

Ammonium salt (C) is used, wherein the active ingredients A: B: C are present in about a weight ratio of 1: 0.2 to 1: 0.25 to 0.5. The active ingredient C exerts its effect by improving the distribution of A and B in the plant. The treatment of the plants can already be carried out successfully with a stature height of 25 to 30cm. The amount of active ingredient should not exceed 7kg per hectare. Then with great certainty sufficient Halm shortening achieved without overdose damage This is a prerequisite for the full utilization of the Yield potential at highest nitrogen inputs. The spray mixtures are prepared as usual with water. It is also possible to add known formulation auxiliaries

become.

By the new active compound combinations according to the invention, the growth of the plants of all cereals,

in particular, wheat, rye, barley and oats, so controlled that they form a stable stem and bring high yields with supply of appropriate nutrient inputs. The application rates of active ingredients are comparatively

low, so that toxicological concerns do not occur. The possibility of early application already at one

Growth height of 25 to 30cm brings great technological / economic benefits. embodiments As examples for further explanation of the invention are the results of practical experiments. To simplify the Representation while the following abbreviations are used. DCiB 2,3-dichloroisobutyric acid (or salt thereof)

2-CÄPS 2-Chloroethylphosphonic acid (or salt thereof)

CCC (2-chloroethyl) trimetrylammonium chloride (chlorocholine chloride) MB median stock level \ LB bearing rating In order to evaluate the values for the bearing rating, it is stated that 1 stands upright and 9 means total bearing. The Halm shortening is according to experience sufficient if it reaches 20% or more Example 1: In field experiments, the halmverkürzenden or halmstabilisierenden effects of the combinations of DCiB and 2-CÄPS with and without admixture of CCC tested on rye, wheat, barley and oats. As experimental members

served parcels with a size of 18m ² in quadruple repetition. Sowing and care of the grain took place in the usual manner at the most favorable agrotechnical appointments. The phosphorus-potassium fertilization was carried out according to impact-based fertilization recommendation. The amount of nitrogen supplements can be found in Tables I to III; the

Nitrogen fertilization was carried out in at least two parts. The active substances were used as aqueous solution (tank mixes) in quantities of 5 kg / ha on the 25 to 30 cm high stocks

sprayed. Only 2 kg of active ingredient per hectare were used in the experiments with 2-CÄPS alone, since larger amounts are toxic.

Tables I to III summarize the results of these experiments.

Table I: Average stock level and stock rating of barley in field trial (data on stock levels in relative numbers, mean of 4 repetitions)

Cereal species variety

Nitrogen donations (kg N / ha)

Winter barley Vogelsanger Gold

120

Summer barley trump

40

active substance

MB

LB

MB

without

DCiB / CCC (1 / 0.25) 2-CÄPS

DCIB / 2 CÄPS (1/1)

DCIB / CCC / 2 CÄPS

(1 / 0.25 / 0.25)

CCC / 2-CÄPS (1 / 0.5) ¹

100

"(-114 an)" 91 93 87 80

94

3 4

1 1

100 (= 80 cm)

60

10

1 Other ratios did not give better results.

Table II: Average Stock Level and Stock Ratio of Wheat and Oats in the Field Trial (Data on Stock Levels in Relative Numbers, Average of 4 Repeats)

Grain type Variety Nitrogen supplements (kg N / ha) Winter wheat Mironovskaya 808 140 LB Oat Romulus 100  · LB active substance MB 3 MB 5 without 100 "1.5 1 1.5 100 1 3 3 1 3 DCiB / CCC (1 / 0.5) 2-CÄPS DCiB / 2-CÄPS (1 / 0.5) DCiB / CCC / 2-CÄPS (1 / 0.4 / 0.25) CCC / 2-CÄPS (1 / 0.5) (= 105 cm): "80 '69' 77 ¹ (= 110 cm) 81 95 81 76 91 GD _5% 2.6 6

1 Only about 3 kg / ha of total active ingredient

Table III: Mean Stock Level and Stock Ratio of Roggenjm Field Trial (Data on Stock Levels in Relative Figures, average of 4 repetitions)

cereal winter rye LB OankowskiZlote LB variety Danae 9 5 Nitrogen gifts 100 (kg N / ha) 100 4th MB 4 active substance MB 4 100 4 without 100 1 (= 183 cm) 1 (= 172 cm). 1 94 1 DCIB / CCC (1 / 0.2S) 94 2-CÄPS 90 - 80 4 DCiB / 2-CÄPS (1 / 0.5) 82 80 DCIB / CCC / 2 CÄPS 80 (1 / 0.25 / 0.5) 87 000/2 CAPS (IZa) ¹ - 7 DG _S% 9

1 Other ratios gave worse results

Example 2:

For winter rye there is also a field trial with yield evaluation. The experiment was on light sandy soil as a plot experiment without repetitions created with the variety Oanae. As nitrogen administration was 80kg N / ha in two Teilgaben. The values determined are shown in Table IV.

Table IV: Mean stock level and grain yield in relative numbers in winter rye

active substance MB grain yield without 100 100 DCiB / CCC 11 / 0.25) 78 72 2-CÄPS 64 71 OCiB / CCC / 2 CÄPS 60 105 (1 / 0.25 / 0.5) CCC / 2 CÄPS (1/2) 65 99

Example 3:

For winter wheat there are 17 field trials with different varieties in which the combination DCiB / CCC / 2-CÄPS was compared with the mixture CCC / 2-CÄPS. The amounts of active ingredient were adapted to the varieties (long or short straw) and were each 1.5-2.25 kg / ha. The results are shown in Tab. V and demonstrate better stalk stabilization and higher yields after use of the combination DCiB / CCC / 2-CÄPS

Table V: Bearing grading and grain yield of winter wheat in field trials (average of 17 trials). N-gift after EDP recommendation

active substance

(Optimized for wheat

Relationship)

LB

Grain yield (86% dry matter) dt / ha. relative

CCC / 2-CÄPS (1/2) DCIB / CCC / 2-CÄP (1 / 0.4 / 0.25)

5.0 3.0 1.7

53, V 58.1 61,1

100 109. 115

Example 4:.

In the case of winter wheat (different varieties), the dependence of the stem length and thus the culm stability as well as the grain yield from the time of application in field trials were investigated for both combinations DCiB / CCC / 2-CÄPS and CCC / 2-CÄPS. The total active ingredient amounts were depending on the variety equally 1.25-2.25 kg / ha and had been optimally adapted by preliminary experiments to the conditions of the varieties. Tab. Vl shows that the mixture DCiB / CCC / 2-CÄPS acted practically independent of the selected application time, while CCC / 2-CÄPS when used early the straw too little, but late application shortened it too much and reduced the yield.

Table VI: Dependence of the effect of various stalk stabilizers on the application time for winter wheat in field trials. N-gifts according to EDP-recommendation

Appl.- active substance stem length > grain yield relative Time ¹ (Optimized for wheat to maturity 105cm (100) dt / ha Relationship) (85) (100) F5 / 6 without 101 cm (100) • (78) 63.3 (106) (Medium CCC / 2 CÄPSM / 2) (90) (109) from 4 DCIB / CCC / 2-CAPS (79) 101 cm (100) To attempt) (1 / 0.4 / 0.25) (54) (100) F 6 /) without (80) 54.0 (106) (Medium CCC / 2 CÄPS (1/2) (114) from 6 DCIB / CCC / 2 CÄPS To attempt) (1 / 0.4 / 0.25) (100) F7 / 8/9 without 68.8 (95) (Medium CCC / 2 CÄPS (1/2) (105) from 6 DCIB / CCC / 2 CÄPS To attempt) (1 / 0.4 / 0.25)

1 F 5/6 = FeekesS / 6 = at the appearance of the 1st culm node (about 25 cm tall plants)

F6 / 7 - Feekes6 / 7 = at the end2. Halmknotens F 7/8/9 = Feekes 7/8/9 = Appearance of the flag leaf

Claims (1)

A process for stalk stabilization in cereals, wherein the plants are treated with solutions containing 2,3- r '... Dichloro-butyric acid or their alkali or ammonium salts ^) and chloro choline chloride (B) characterized by. · .., that as an additional active ingredient 2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid or their alkali or ammonium salts (C) used ϊβϊ; - 'and wherein the active compounds A: B: C in the solution approximately in the ratio of 1: 0.2 to 1.0 : 0.25 to 0.5. Field of application of the invention : _V - "· The method can be used to Halmstabilisierung in cereal crops, this is the '' stability of cereal straw improved without affecting the yield performance negatively.