CZ337095A3 - Process and apparatus for conveying concrete and the like materials in a piping - Google Patents

Abstract

A method and an apparatus for the transportation of shotcrete and pumped concrete mix of stiff plastic consistency (12) in pipelines (I, II, IV) comprises the injection of a fluid through perforations (10) provided in the pipe (1) surrounding the shotcrete or pumped concrete mix (12) to be transported. The fluid may be compressed air, foam or liquid. Thereby friction between the transported mass and the inside of the pipeline is substantially reduced. The fluid may be guided through the perforations (10) through a mid-pipe-wall space (2) between an outer pipe (4) and an inner pipe (1) or a tube or a system of connected cavities (2A) with perforations (10) spirally implanted in a single-wall pipeline (1 and 4). The pipeline can abruptly rotate for 180 degrees clockwise and conterclockwise with stopping and pausing between turnarounds, providing reduced adhesion and better homogeneity of the mix passing through the pipeline.

Description

Field of the invention

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for concrete mixtures and similar materials in a pipe.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

JP-A-59227622 discloses a device for conveying highly viscous liquids or bulk materials by introducing a gas-saturated fluid through small openings of 0.01 to 20 µm in the conduit surrounding the materials to be conveyed. The transport line is a filter line having a plurality of small openings with a total area of 37 ... 40% of the pipe wall. However, such a device may be completely unsuitable for conveying the sprayed and blown concrete mixture, since the small gas intake openings may be clogged with the solidified mixture particles, the weakened pipe wall may suddenly be damaged by wear and the transport system may become a small and the outer wall of the perforated pipe unreliable.

During the conveying of the sprayed and injected concrete mixture through the bent propeller tube and the flexible pipe, the problem of high frictional resistance of the adhering mixture being transported arises. Moreover, it is very problematic to transport these solidifying plastic consistency mixtures over long distances. Even at short distances, the energy consumption for crayfish transport is disproportionately high.

Furthermore, especially the shotcrete mixture, it is not uniformly transported, even in the pipe cross-section, due to gravity. This makes transporting such a mixture over long distances even more difficult.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome and overcome the above-mentioned problems and drawbacks, the present invention provides a method and a device which allows the sprayed and blown concrete mixture to be solidified over long distances. The consequence of the proposed arrangement is to reduce the consumption of energy supplied during the conveying of such a mixture. In addition, the components of the mixed mixture may be distributed uniformly over the entire cross-section of the conduit, particularly at the point when the mixture leaves the conduit after it is conveyed.

The object proposed according to the present invention is achieved by the characteristic technical features set forth in the appended claims.

The method of the present invention is characterized by injecting fluid through a perforation arranged in a pipe that surrounds the conveyed shot or blown concrete mixture. The injected liquid allows lubrication of the mixed concrete mixture within the pipeline in which the sprayed and blown concrete mixture of solidifying plastic consistency is conveyed, thereby substantially reducing the energy consumption. Compressed air, foam, or liquid are injected through punctures or small openings densely evenly distributed over the transport duct.

Thorough mixing of the components of the mix ensures the rotation of the pipeline around its longitudinal axis in a 180 ° clockwise and counterclockwise direction with stops and dwells of the wet or dry mix moving from the bottom wall of the pipe to its top wall. In this way, the components of the mixture are evenly distributed over the entire cross-section of the pipe.

The pipeline surrounding the conveyed shot or injection concrete mixture is provided with punching and surrounded by an external piping and a partition wall, the partition wall being in communication with the inlet ends of the punching and at the same time with a source of pressure for injecting compressed air or liquid. The partition wall is closed at its ends by a flexible seal and a connecting hose with a pressure control valve in the partition wall is connected to the external piping. According to one embodiment, perforations on the inner pipe are punctures made without removing the mass of the pipe. According to another embodiment, the perforations are small holes that can be drilled or formed with removal of the pipe wall material.

The heat-resistant fiber or fiber grains on the outer surfaces of the inner pipe ends and on the inner surfaces of the outer pipe ends may be made in such a way that one part of the fiber or fiber grains is implanted into a rubber mass and the other part is bound together in a sealing space defined by means of a sealing washer and filled with an elastic adhesive resin or molten rubber mass. The ends of the inner conduit may have a weakening on the inner wall on which the inner rings are mounted, fixed to the outer rings, having clamp sleeves airtightly pressed onto the outer pipe around the inner pipe over the inner rings.

Another embodiment of the device according to the present invention is a single-walled pipeline having a tube or interconnected cavity system with openings connecting the tube or interconnected cavity system to the interior of the conduit in its helical wall. The tube or interconnected cavity system has an external connection to a pressure source for fluid injection.

In accordance with another embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention, the pipe system is coupled to a rotary device for rotating the pipe about its longitudinal axis in a 180 ° clockwise and anti-clockwise direction. Advantageously, a rotating ring of the gear bearing is fastened to the central part of the pipeline, through which the toothed entrainment device converts the mechanical work of the driving device into intermittent rotation of the pipeline with stops and delays. The rotary device with a fixed bearing ring is positioned on the upper adjustable part of the frame, which can be raised and lowered with respect to the lower stable part of the frame of the movable pulleys.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Further characteristics and details of the present invention will be elucidated in the following description of individual embodiments of the device according to the present invention in accordance with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Giant. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a device according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Giant. 2 is a partial longitudinal section through a double-walled pipe;

Giant. 3 is a further sectional view of the assembled and sealed double-walled pipe;

Giant. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a single-wall duct according to another embodiment of the present invention; and

Giant. 5 is a schematic view of the movement device of the device of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS OF THE INVENTION A concrete mix

Fig. 1 shows a schematic cross-section of a device for carrying out the present invention with a hopper 11 storing a concrete mixture to be conveyed to a remote location. The rotary drum 12 is filled and another rotary drum 13 discharges the mixture into the duct. The connecting line 14 introduces compressed air, which is a movement medium, and moves the concrete mixture through the line. The wet concrete mixture passes through a bent outlet pipe including an inner wall 15 and an outer wall 16. The bent double wall outlet pipe X is provided with an end connection 17. The wet mixture passes further through a flexible double wall pipe 11 of the injection nozzle III for accelerating the injection additives (if necessary) and finally through a flexible double-walled pipe IV.

When conveying the dry shotcrete mixture, the flexible double-walled IV pipe (Fig. 2) is then connected (occasionally before and after) to the injection nozzle to accelerate the addition of water and liquid.

The bent outlet pipe (Fig. 3), connecting the device and the conveying pipe, can be designed as double-walled. Compressed air is injected through a plurality of small openings 10 and distributed over the inner wall 15 of the tube. The valve 6 regulates the fluid pressure flowing through the connecting line 18 connected to the external line. The bent outflow tube can be detachable for cleaning small holes.

The flexible double-walled pipe (Fig. 3) consists of a flexible inner pipe 1 provided with reinforcements 31 and an outer pipe 4. The partition wall 2 is closed at the ends of the pipe by a flexible seal 3. The flexible inner pipe 1 has punctures 10 densely evenly distributed over the wall. and arranged perpendicularly or obliquely to the direction of passage of the conveyed mixture. The outer conduit 4 is airtight at the working pressure. The compressed air or lubricating fluid passes through the connecting pipe 5 into the partition 2. Through the valve 6 in position A or B (Fig. 3), the compressed air is introduced into either the space 2 or from the space 2 to the lower pressure space. The pressures and time intervals between valve positions A and B are controlled automatically. Fatty products are separated by a filter 7.

Lubricant (aerating additive) (for example, a plasticizer or is injected into the partition between the injection nozzle and the connecting pipe

5.

The outer wall of the flexible inner conduit 1 and the inner wall of the flexible outer conduit 4 are adapted at their sealed ends to receive a flexible seal. One part of the heat-resistant fiber or fiber grains 32 is implanted into the rubber mass, while the formation of the other part is ensured either during the assembly of the pipe (Fig. 3 - right) or made later by the molten rubber surface. Before sealing the double-walled pipe, a sealing washer 3A is inserted into the inter-wall space and this space is clamped by clamping sleeves. Then, the conduit is positioned upright to pour the elastic adhesive resin or molten rubber mass into the sealing space 3 and is left in this position until the mass solidifies. Heat-resistant fiber or bounded fiber grains 32 at the ends of the pipe walls provide a stronger connection and a higher tensile strength of the gasket 3. The pipe ends are protected from large deformations by inner rings 30 and outer rings 8.

In the pipe assembly (Fig. 3 - left), the wall of the inner pipe is thinned at its ends. An inner ring 30 of the same inner diameter as the pipe is mounted on these weakened ones. The outer ring 8 is fastened to the flexible outer pipe 4, the inner ring 30 is air tightly pressed onto the inner pipe 1 through the inner ends of the inner ring 30 by means of clamps 29.

The rigid outer rings 8 have thickened ends for connecting adjacent piping by clamping sleeves. These rings are fastened to the flexible pipes 4 and 1 by means of screws 9.

According to another embodiment of the device according to the present invention. 4) a single-walled pipe 1 & 4 is provided with an embedded in a helical pipe or a system of interconnected cavities 2A. This tube or interconnected cavity system 2A is connected to a pressure source (not shown) to supply fluid under pressure. The punctures 10 connect the pipe or cavities 2A to the interior of the single wall pipe 1 & 4 to reduce friction between the advancing concrete mix and the inner wall. Single-wall piping 1 & 4 is provided with reinforcements 31.

The pipe may be mounted on rollers 33 (Fig. 5). A rotatable bearing ring 35, mounted on a duct, is mounted on a fixed bearing ring 34. The gear 36 on the rotatable bearing ring 35 is paired with a toothed drive mechanism for transmitting movement of the rotary actuator to rotate the pipe in a 180 ° clockwise and counterclockwise direction. . The drive device is positioned and secured to the upper movable part of the frame 38, which can be raised and lowered with respect to the lower stable part of the frame 39. The rollers 33 can move through the conduit depending on the change in position of the concrete mix being conveyed.

During rotation, the wet mix and the lubricant fluctuate erratically from the bottom to the top of the pipe (Fig. 5).

When injecting compressed air or liquid into the interior of a flexible pipe in thin beams passing through densely evenly spaced punctures on its inner wall, the air or liquid beams adapt to the direction of movement of the mixture as a result of the pressure of the conveyed mixture. In this way, the adhesive mixture is separated from the pipe wall. The fluid rays are further separated into small air or foam bubbles, thereby homogenizing the mass of the conveyed mixture. The aerated mixture leaves the pipeline either by striking at a high speed on the bearing surface in the case of shotcrete or by calmly flowing regularly into the required space in the case of shotcrete. Fluctuating intermittent pressure changes in the space 2 or the space of the pipe or cavities 2A from maximum (valve in position A) to minimum (valve in position B) cause changes in the diameter of the flexible pipe and cause separation of the adhesive transport mixture from the inner wall of the pipe.

The intermittent rotation of the pipe around its axis clockwise and counterclockwise by 180θ with a delay causes the conveyed mixture advancing along the lower section of the pipe (Fig. 5, position A) to change its position from the lower section of the pipe to the upper section of the pipe (Fig. 5, position B) and then falls due to gravity over the central part of the cross-section of the duct through the air flow so that the mixture is uniformly homogenized and accelerated with the same amount of compressed air.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention described above do not limit the making of any further modifications to the person skilled in the art, if any such modification is intended to be within the scope of the present invention as set forth in the appended claims.

Claims (10)

PATENT ann, Λ cdgLtujík mn.itfííi on four, A method of conveying / highly viscous liquids or bulk materials, by introducing a gas-saturated fluid through openings arranged in a pipe surrounding the conveyed materials, characterized by conveying a concrete mixture or similar materials by injecting compressed air or aeration additive through punctures arranged in a flexible pipe surrounding airborne material. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the shotcrete mixture in the dry mixing procedure after passing through the bent outflow pipe (I). the pipe (II) and the injection nozzle (III) proceed further through the pipe (IV) with punctures. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the sprayed concrete mixture in the wet mixing procedure after passing through the bent outflow conduit (I) proceeds through the perforated conduit (II) and after passing through the injection nozzle (III) to inject the accelerating additive if if necessary, it proceeds through piping (IV) with punctures. Method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pipe surrounding the concrete mix and the like rotates in a clockwise and counterclockwise direction by 180 degrees about its longitudinal axis. 5. Apparatus for conveyingHighly viscous liquids or bulk materials through openings pipelines (1), the outer ends of these openings being connected to a source 11 is characterized by a flexible pipe (1) provided with punctures (10) which surround the conveyed concrete mixture and the like. Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the flexible pipe has a perforation (10) which is formed without removing its mass. Apparatus according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that it comprises a flexible seal (3) which comprises heat-resistant fiber or fiber grains (32) at the ends of the outer surfaces of the inner pipe (1) and at the ends of the inner surfaces of the outer pipe (4). ) in such a way that one part of the fiber or fiber grains (32) is implanted into the rubber mass and the other part is bound together in a sealing space (3) defined by the sealing washer (3A) and filled with elastic adhesive resin or molten rubber matter. Device according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that the ends of the inner pipe have a weakening on the inner wall on which the inner rings (30) are mounted, fixed to the outer rings (8), having clamping sleeves (29) airtightly pressed onto an outer conduit (4) around the inner conduit (1) through the inner rings (30). Apparatus according to claims 5 and 6, characterized in that the pipe surrounding the sprayed or injected concrete mixture is a single-walled pipe (1 & 4) having an embedded pipe or a system of interconnected cavities (2A) inside its wall provided by perforating (10) connecting the inserted tube or cavities (2A) to the interior of the conduit (1 & 4), the tube or cavities (2A) being connected to a pressure source for injecting fluid into the interior. Device according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that a pivot bearing (35) supporting the gear (36) is fastened to the central part of the pipeline, through which the toothed drive device (37) converts the mechanical work of the driving device into intermittent rotation of the ducts with stops and pauses, wherein the fixed-ring rotatable bearing (34) is positioned on the upper adjustable portion of the frame (38) so that it can be raised and lowered with respect to the lower stable portion of the movable roller frame (33).