CZ31301U1 - A device for the utilization of compression heat - Google Patents

Description

The proposed solution concerns the energy sector. A device for utilizing compression heat is provided, provided by a wiring solution that enables a cooler for cooling the compressed gas upstream of a steam turbine with an electric generator.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Current compressor heat recovery devices are configured to utilize heat from compressed gas cooling for heat exchangers. Water is most often used to cool compressed gas. These devices comprise at least one feed tank, water pipe for cooling water inlet, at least one pump, at least one compressor, at least one gas cooler for compressed gas cooling, provided with water inlet and water outlet and gas inlet and gas outlet, wherein the water inlet of the gas cooler is connected to the pump.

Multistage compressors are known which are equipped with compressor gas coolers between compression stages to increase their efficiency. Water is usually used to cool the compressed gas. However, other suitable coolant may also be used. In some compressor applications, due to the technological use of the compressed gas, it is desired to reduce the air temperature at the compressor outlet, and in this case too, a cooler is installed at the compressor outlet.

All the devices currently known have the disadvantage that they do not allow the use of heat from the cooling of the compressed gas to drive the steam turbine. This disadvantage is due to the fact that a circuit in which the cooler for cooling the compressed gas in front of the steam turbine with the electric generator is arranged so that the heat from the cooler for cooling the compressed gas can be effectively transferred to the steam turbine inlet.

The essence of the technical solution

The above-mentioned disadvantages are largely eliminated by the proposed technical solution. An apparatus for utilizing compression heat is provided, comprising at least one feed tank, water pipe for cooling water supply, at least one pump, at least one compressor, at least one water cooler for compressed gas cooling, connected to the gas pipe and provided with water inlet and water outlet; gas inlet and gas outlet, the water inlet of the gas cooler being connected to the pump. The essence of the novel solution is that at least one of the water coolers contained therein for cooling the compressed gas has a primary expander with a steam outlet connected to the water outlet, to which a steam turbine with an electric generator and a steam condenser is connected.

The turbines currently available on the market are arranged for a certain inlet pressure, and different types of turbines are distinguished according to their inlet pressure. In the case of pumps, the pump type on the market is determined by the outlet pressure for which the pump is designed. Preferably, for a steam turbine with an inlet steam pressure x, a pump having an outlet pressure greater than x is included in the apparatus.

Between the primary expander and the steam turbine, a steam superheater with a water inlet and a water outlet is preferably provided on the steam line, the water inlet of the superheater being connected by a connecting branch to the water line upstream of the primary expander.

The connecting branch upstream of the superheater is preferably provided with at least one control valve, which control valve is set at the operating state of the device to such a water flow rate through the superheater that is necessary to heat the steam to the inlet temperature of the steam turbine.

The superheater preferably has an additional expander connected to the water outlet having a steam outlet that is connected to the steam line in the section between the primary expander and the superheater.

-1 CZ 31301 Ul

If the apparatus comprises a multi-stage compressor of at least two compressor stages, preferably at least one water cooler is arranged between the individual compressor stages on the gas line, with a memory cooler with a steam inlet connected to the steam inlet downstream of the first compressor stage. output from the primary expander, and a steam output connected to the memory input of the superheater.

If the apparatus comprises a multi-stage compressor of at least two compressor stages and are connected to a water cooler gas line between the individual compressor stages, then preferably at least one of the contained water coolers is connected upstream of the series, the radiator has

- a water inlet connected both to the water outlet of the water cooler belonging to one of the preceding compressor stages and to the outlet of the cooler to which the pre-cooler is connected in series,

- a water outlet connected to the water inlet of the primary expander.

For all the above variants, the proposed device may advantageously have at least one hot water accumulator having an upper part and a lower part, each provided with a connection port for connection to a water pipe, of which the upper part for the upper part and lower is situated above the primary expander. situated lower neck for the lower part of the accumulator, where

- the upper throat is connected through the upper water pipe to the water pipe section for supplying water to the primary expander,

- the lower throat is connected by a lower water pipe to the water pipe section between the pump and the first refrigerant connection in the plant, the lower water pipe being that which is situated below the upper water pipe.

The apparatus for utilizing the compression heat of the preceding paragraph preferably has both upper water pipes and lower water pipes provided with shut-off fittings;

- the water pipe section between the upper water pipe connection and the connection branch connection is fitted with a control fitting,

- the nearest water pipe section downstream of the lower pipe connection is also fitted with a control fitting,

- a downstream piping, equipped with an additional shut-off valve and connected to the feed tank, is connected to the lower water pipe before its shut-off valve.

The proposed device makes it possible to use the compression heat obtained in the cooler by cooling the compressed gas with a cooling liquid to drive the memories of the turbine with an electric generator. In addition, it makes it possible to vary the utilization of this heat according to the size of the electricity consumption, so that, at a lower electricity consumption, part of the heated coolant can be stored in the accumulator and used later for increased electricity production.

Clarification of drawings

The proposed solution is explained in more detail by means of the drawings, where they show

Giant. 1 is a diagram of an exemplary compressor heat recovery apparatus with a primary expander and a memory turbine with an electrical generator attached.

Giant. 2 shows a diagram of part of the device in case of easier connection of the superheater before the memory turbine.

Giant. 3 shows a diagram of a part of the device in the case of connection of a superheater with an additional expander in front of a memory turbine.

Giant. 4 shows a variant of a plant with a multi-stage compressor, water cooler and steam cooler.

-2EN 31301 Ul

Giant. 5 shows a diagram of a variant of a plant with a multi-stage compressor, water coolers and a pre-cooler.

Giant. 6 shows a variant of a plant with a multi-stage compressor, water coolers, main expander and a superheater, as well as a hot water accumulator.

Examples of technical solutions

An example of the best embodiment of the proposed technical solution is the apparatus for utilizing the heat of compression according to FIGS. 1 to 6.

A basic diagram of the proposed device is shown in FIG. 1. An apparatus for utilizing compression heat using water as a cooling medium is shown. It comprises a feed tank I as a cooling water source, a water pipe 2 for supplying cooling water to the plant elements and a pump 3. The main element of the plant is a three-stage compressor comprising three compressor stages 41, 42, 43 connected by gas line 4 and three connected to gas line 4 water coolers 51, 52, 53 for cooling the compressed gas, provided with a water inlet and a water outlet and a gas inlet and a gas outlet. The pump 3 is located on the water line 2 upstream of the water coolers 51, 52, 53 for cooling the compressed gas. At least one of the water coolers 51, 52, 53 included for cooling the compressed gas has a primary expander 6 connected to its water outlet. 1, the primary expander 6 is connected to the water pipe 2 downstream of the water outlet from the second and third water coolers 52, 53 for cooling compressed gas and has a steam outlet to the steam pipe 7 to which is connected a steam turbine 8 with electric generator 9 and steam condenser 10 Alternatively, the steam turbine 8 is connected to the shaft of a three-stage compressor 41, 42, 43. For the operation of the apparatus so connected, it is necessary for a steam turbine 8 having an inlet steam pressure, denoted e.g. pressure greater than x.

If more than the three-stage compressor shown in the example herein is selected, the number of water coolers 51, 52 between the compressor stages 41, 42, 43 is also proportionally greater.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a variant of this apparatus in which a steam superheater 11 with a water inlet and a water outlet is connected between the primary expander 6 and the steam turbine 8 on the steam line 7, i.e. connected to the water line 2, the water inlet of the superheater H being connected 200 to the water pipe 2 upstream of the primary expander 6. The connecting branch 200 upstream of the superheater 11 is provided with at least one control valve 12, which control valve 12 is in a position set to such a flow of water through the superheater 11 required for steam heating to steam turbine inlet temperature 8.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a previous variant of this apparatus enriched in that the superheater H has an additional expander 13 connected to its water outlet having a steam outlet connected to the vapor line 7 in the section between the primary expander 6 and the superheater IL

Giant. 4 demonstrates a further preferred variant of the device in case the device comprises a multi-stage compressor. In this case, it is a device with three compressor stages 41, 42, 43, in which at least a water cooler 51, 52 is provided between the individual compressor stages 41, 42, 43 on the gas line 4 for cooling the compressed gas. A first water cooler 51 is provided between the first and second compressor stages 41, 42, and a second water cooler 52 is located between the second and third compressor stages 42, 43. In addition to the diagram of FIG. 1, downstream of the first compressor stage 41, prior to the water cooler 51, a steam cooler 14 for cooling compressed via the steam line 7 is connected to the steam outlet of the primary expander 6, and with the steam outlet connected via the steam line 7 to the steam inlet of the superheater H.

Giant. 5 shows a further variant of the apparatus in the case that the apparatus comprises a multi-stage compressor of several compressor stages 41, 42, 43 and between the individual compressor stages 41, 42, 43 are connected to the gas conduit 4 of the water cooler 51, 52. The front cooler 15 is connected upstream of at least one of the water coolers 51, 52, 53 in series at 3101111 U1, also water, i.e. connected simultaneously to the water pipe 2, and the upstream cooler 15 has

- a water inlet connected, on the one hand, to the water outlet of the first water cooler 51 as a cooler belonging to the previous, first compressor stage 41, and to the water cooler 52 outlet, to which this pre-cooler 15 is connected in series,

a water outlet connected via water line 2 to the water inlet of the primary expander 6.

Giant. 6 then shows a diagram of an apparatus for utilizing compression heat according to the proposed solution, improved by having a hot water accumulator 16 having a top and a bottom each connected to the primary expander 6, each having a connection port 17, 18 for connection to the water pipe. of the above, located in the upper part, will hereinafter be referred to as the upper throat 17 and the lower situated the lower throat 18 for the lower part of the accumulator 16. The upper throat 17 is connected by the upper water line 201 to the water supply section 2 The lower throat 18 is connected by the lower water line 202 to the water line section 2 between the pump 3 and the first cooler connection in the apparatus, i.e. in this case before the connection of the first water cooler 51 for cooling the compressed gas. By lower water conduit 202 is meant here that such conduit is lower relative to upper water conduit 201, i.e. only higher / lower relative to each other, and not strictly up or down in the apparatus.

Both the upper water pipe 201 and the lower water pipe 202 are both provided with shut-off fittings 19, 20. The water pipe section 2 between the upper water pipe connection 201 and the connection branch 200 is provided with a control fitting 21. The nearest water pipe section 2 downstream of the lower water pipe 202 The downstream water pipe 202 is connected to the lower water pipe 202 prior to its shut-off fitting 20 by a drain water pipe 203 provided with a further shut-off fitting 23 and connected to the feed tank 1.

The compressor is provided with conventional elements such as suction line 24 and discharge line 25.

In operation of the device of FIG. 1, the compressor sucks gas through the intake manifold 24 and the gas compressed in the first compressor stage 41 is cooled in the first water cooler 51 to the desired temperature before the second compressor stage 42. After compression to a higher pressure in the second compressor stage 42 the gas is cooled in the second water cooler. 52 to the desired temperature before the last, third compressor stage 43. To the temperature required in the discharge line 25, the compressed gas is cooled in a third water cooler 52. Water is used as the cooling liquid to cool the compressed gas in the water coolers 51, 52, 53. Alternatively, another coolant can be used. The cooling water source for the water coolers 51, 52, 53 is the feed tank I, the necessary water circulation being provided by the pump 3. The pressure at the outlet of the pump 3 is chosen to provide the desired pressure before the primary expander 6. Cooling water quantity with feed pump 3 regulates so that a water temperature corresponding to the saturation temperature at the pressure in the primary expander 6 is reached at the outlet of the second and third water coolers 52, 53. The heated water is discharged from the first water cooler 51 via water line 2 for further use, or no, the heat is thwarted, for example, into the air, and the cooled water is returned to the feed tank 1. The heated water from the second and third water coolers 52, 53 is supplied to the primary expander 6 where it expands to the pressure required to reach steam turbine 8 with an electric generator 9. Steam released by expansion in the primary m of the expander 6 with the steam line 7 is led to the steam of the turbine 8, in which electricity is generated as the steam expands. In an alternative embodiment, when the steam turbine 8 is connected to the compressor shaft 41, 42, 43, the power of the steam turbine 8 replaces part of the power input of the compressor 41, 42, 43. The expanded steam condenses in the steam condensers 10 and condensate formed there. The water separated in the primary expander 6 is discharged through the water pipe 2 for further use, and if this is not the case, the heat is thwarted, for example, into the air, and the cooled water is then returned to the feed tank 1. For example, depending on the water level in the primary expander 6. When tapping water for further use, the tap water is added to the feed tank also from the external source (not shown), as well as the tap water from the circuit.

The proposed device is suitable for use in power engineering. In particular, in all of its alternatives shown herein, the compression heat of the compressed gas can be used to generate electricity.

An advantage of the device according to FIG. 1 is that it makes it possible to use a portion of the compressed heat of compressed gas to generate electricity or to save electricity to drive the compressor 41, 42, 43. Another advantage is that if there is a demand for heat consumption in a given location, in the form of heated cooling water withdrawn from the first water cooler 51 or heated water withdrawn from the primary expander 6.

An advantage of the device according to FIG. 2 is that it makes it possible to utilize an additional portion of the compression heat to increase the steam temperature upstream of the steam turbine 8, thereby increasing the power generation on the steam turbine 8 compared to the power generation using the apparatus of FIG. 1.

An advantage of the device according to FIG. 3 is that it allows a further increase in electricity production by increasing the steam flow through the steam turbine 8. This is achieved by utilizing another part of the heat contained in the hot water and obtained from the compressed gas compression heat. By utilizing this heat in the exemplary embodiment for producing saturated steam not only in the primary expander 6 but also in the additional expander 13, after overheating in the superheater Π. steam will achieve an increase in electricity production on the steam turbine 8.

An advantage of a variant of the embodiment of the device according to FIG. 4 is that part of the compression heat is used downstream of the first compression stage 41 to preheat steam upstream of the steam turbine 8, thereby reducing the amount of hot water drawn by the steam superheater JT, thereby increasing steam flow through the steam turbine 8 and thereby increasing electricity production.

An advantage of the modification of the device according to FIG. 5 is that the heat of compression of all three compressor stages 41, 42, 43 is utilized to produce hot water that is fed to the primary expander 6, and more steam for the steam turbine 8 is obtained in the primary expander 6 to increase its electrical power .

An advantage of the device according to FIG. 6 is that the heat in the hot water, which cannot be used to generate electricity on the steam turbine 8 during operation of the compressor 41, 42, 43, is stored in the accumulator 16 and can be pumped therefrom at another time if increased electricity production is required. Thus, the supply of electricity produced by the steam turbine 8 is not dependent on the instantaneous power of the compressor.

Claims (9)

An apparatus for utilizing compression heat, comprising at least one feed tank (1), a water pipe (2) for supplying cooling water, at least one pump (3), at least one compressor, at least one water cooler (51, 52, 53) for cooling the compressed gas with water connected to the gas line (4) and having a water inlet and a water outlet and a gas inlet and a gas outlet, the water inlet of the water cooler (51, 52, 53) for cooling the compressed gas being connected to the pump (3); characterized in that at least one of the contained water coolers (51, 52, 53) for compressed gas cooling has a primary expander (6) connected to its water outlet with a steam outlet to a steam line (7) to which the steam turbine ( 8) with an electric generator (9) and a steam condenser (10). Compressor heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that for a steam turbine (8) of the design type for the inlet steam pressure x, the device is provided with a pump (3) of design type for the outlet pressure greater than x. Compressor heat recovery device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that a superheater (11) with a water inlet is arranged between the primary expander (6) and the steam turbine (8) on the steam line (7). a water outlet, the water inlet of the superheater (11) being connected by a connecting branch (200) to a water pipe (2) upstream of the primary expander (6). Compressor heat recovery device according to claim 3, characterized in that the connection branch (200) upstream of the superheater (11) is provided with at least one control valve (12) for adjusting the water flow through the superheater (11). Compressor heat recovery device according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the superheater (11) has an additional expander (13) connected to the water outlet having a steam outlet which is connected to the steam line (7) in the section between the primary expander (11). 6) and superheater (11). Compressor heat recovery device according to claims 3 to 5, characterized in that if the device comprises a multi-stage compressor of at least two compressor stages (41, 42, 43), there is between the individual compressor stages (41, 42, 43). ) at least one water cooler (51, 52) is connected to the gas line (4), after the first compressor stage (41) is connected upstream of the water cooler (51) a steam cooler (14) with a steam inlet connected to the steam outlet from the primary expander (6), and a steam outlet connected to the superheater steam inlet (11). Compressor heat recovery device according to claim 1, characterized in that, if the device comprises a multi-stage compressor of at least two compressor stages (41, 42, 43) and are connected between the individual compressor stages (41, 42, 43). on the gas pipe (4) of the water cooler (51, 52) connected to the water pipe (2), and in front of at least one of the water coolers (51, 52) so contained there is a series pre-cooler (15), also water, this pre-cooler (15) has - a water inlet connected both to the water outlet of the water cooler (51, 52) belonging to one of the previous compressor stages (41) and to the water cooler (52) to which the pre-cooler (15) is connected in series, - a water outlet connected to the water inlet of the primary expander (6). Compressor heat recovery device according to claim 3, characterized in that at least one hot water accumulator (16) having an upper part and a lower part, each provided with one connection socket (17, 18), is connected upstream of the primary expander (6). for connection to a water pipe (2), of which the upper neck (17) for the upper part and the lower neck (18) for the lower part of the accumulator (16), - the upper throat (17) is connected via the upper water pipe (201) to the water pipe section (2) for supplying water to the primary expander (6), - the lower throat (18) is connected by a lower water pipe (202) to a section of water pipe (2) between the pump (3) and the first cooler connection in the apparatus, the lower water pipe (202) being a pipe which is relative to the upper water pipe water pipe (201) below. Compressor heat recovery device according to claim 8, characterized in that both the upper water pipe (201) and the lower water pipe (202) are provided with shut-off fittings (19, 20), wherein - the water pipe section (2) between the upper water pipe connection (201) and the connection branch connection (200) is provided with a control fitting (21), - the next section of the water pipe (2) downstream of the lower water pipe connection (202) is provided with an additional control valve (22), - a downstream water pipe (203) provided with a shut-off valve (23) and connected to the supply tank (1) is connected to the lower water pipe (202) before its shut-off valve (20).