CZ310027B6 - A method of production of auxiliary material based on Ca, S and N for soil fertilizing - Google Patents

Abstract

The method of production of auxiliary material based on Ca, S and N for soil fertilizing, especially for the biostimulation of growth of cereal crops, lies in the fact that such auxiliary material is a by-product produced in the process of preparation of collagen-based fertilizers by hydrolysis with calcium hydroxide, when in the final phase of preparation, calcium hydroxide used as an hydrolytic agent neutralizes sulphuric acid while obtaining a paste with dry matter content of 50 to 70 wt. %, which contains 22 to 28 wt. % calcium, 17 to 23 wt. % sulphur and 6 to 10 wt. % proteins. The obtained paste is further dried and processed to granular form with dry matter content of 85 to 95 wt. %.

Description

Method of production of auxiliary material based on Ca, S and N for soil fertilization

Field of technology

The invention relates to a method of producing an auxiliary material based on Ca, S and N, which is created as a by-product of the technological process of preparing collagen-based biostimulators and biofertilizers and is intended for agriculture, for additional soil treatment when growing cereals or other plants.

The use of the patent preparation in fertilizing soil poor in calcium, sulfur or nitrogen salts in growing plants is an efficient way to recirculate some of the by-products that would otherwise be waste. Thus, it meets the requirements regarding the circular economy, the reduction of energy consumption in the production of fertilizers and the reduction of food production costs.

Current state of the art

Calcium deficient soils are known to lead to deficiencies in plant physiology. Calcium plays a complex role that includes balancing pH, associating with minerals containing micronutrients, which are then released over time and act as a long-term stimulant of fruit firmness or biomass growth. Also, the presence of microorganisms (e.g. the gram-negative bacterium Thiobacillus sp.) in the soil creates mechanisms for the solubilization of insoluble salts (calcium phosphate) by releasing organic acids with the ability to chelate metals. Other types of soil microorganisms, nitrifiers, generate nitric acid in the first phase and lead to the solubilization of calcium. Calcium is a basic element in the structure of plant cell walls and has an important role in the absorption of other nutrients, influencing the ability of plants to adapt to temperature stress. Calcium also counteracts the effects of alkaline salts and organic acids from plants.

Acidic soils cause deficiencies in plant growth and production, affect the activity of microbial populations, the availability of nutrients and negatively affect the activity of pathogens on plants. Climatic changes lead to the solubilization and leaching of calcium from the soil during heavy rainfall, or accumulation in drought conditions.

Patent CN 101186528 A presents a liquid product containing 200 g/l calcium in the form of calcium nitrate and other ingredients such as 3 to 15% urea and calcium lignosulfonate, 1 to 5% citric acid and 0.5 to 6% amino acids. Foliar application of the product reduces the occurrence of diseases caused by calcium deficiency - fruits (apples, cherries) are stronger and the number of spoiled fruits is reduced.

Another patent, US 8444742 B2, describes a preparation based on calcium (calcium phosphate, Ca(H2PO2)2 and/or calcium chelated with EDTA), with the addition of 8% nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compounds, growth stimulants (acetaminophen, caffeine, anthranilic acid ), 5 to 10% vitamins (ascorbic acid, biotin, d-biotin, pyridoxine-HCl, thiamine chloride, thiamine monohydrate, riboflavin, folic acid, niacin, niacinamide, pantothenic acid, pyridoxine chloride), 3% amino acids (0.025 to 075% wt. of L-tryptophan, 0.04 to 0.06 wt.% of hydroxyproline, proline, etc.), carbohydrates, polysaccharides, sodium borates, 0.03 to 0.06 wt.% glycolic acid and excipients (3 to 10% non-alcoholic phosphate esters). The liquid preparation contains 2% calcium and 0.2% boron, hydroxyproline, proline and tryptophan. The effects that this preparation has on plants are not specified.

US patent 10737987 B2 mentions a mixture containing 20 to 40 parts of nitric and phosphoric acid, 30 to 35% urea, 40 to 45% ammonium nitrate, and trace elements (Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Mg, Mo, S, Ni , B), dung or other excrement, ammonium nitrate and calcium or a combination thereof. Calcium is contained in the form of slightly soluble or insoluble compounds (calcium nitrate, calcium chloride, calcium cyanamide, hydrated calcium sulfate, carbonate

- 1 CZ 310027 B6 calcium). The mixture is applied to the soil by spraying or dripping, at a pH between 7.8 and 7.9. It is mentioned that the mixture serves as a soil conditioner as a stabilized source of carbon and nitrogen, with reduced excrement odor, improved frost resistance and is not corrosive to distribution vessels. Calcium stabilizes heavy metals, essential for plants, that would otherwise be leached from the soil. The mixture has been shown to ensure the health of the microbial population in the soil and to benefit the maize crop - a 13% increase in maize production and a 33% increase in sugar content have been observed.

The essence of the technical solution

The production method according to the invention is used to prepare an auxiliary material based on Ca, S and N for fertilizing the soil, which is a by-product of the technological process of preparing collagen-based biostimulators and biofertilizers and is therefore more advantageous in terms of production costs and price than the preparations mentioned above. The essence of the invention is that the said auxiliary material is created as a by-product of the process of preparing collagen-based fertilizers by hydrolysis with calcium hydroxide, when in the final stage of preparation the calcium hydroxide used as a hydrolytic agent is neutralized with sulfuric acid and a paste with a dry matter content of 50 to 70% is obtained wt., which contains 22 to 28 wt.% calcium, 17 to 23 wt.% sulfur and 6 to 10 wt.% proteins.

The auxiliary material based on Ca, S and N is therefore created by neutralization of calcium hydroxide with sulfuric acid in an aqueous solution of the hydrolyzate, during which the neutralization is controlled at the factory to the desired pH value (approximately at the equivalence point). The essence of the auxiliary material therefore consists of hydrated calcium sulfate impregnated with protein hydrolyzate. This fact then directly determines the composition and technically possible limits of sulfur, calcium and hydrolyzate content.

This paste can be subsequently dried and processed into granules with a dry matter content of 85 to 95% by weight.

In contrast to the products described in the literature and in the cited patents, the material according to the invention has the following advantages:

- As already mentioned, it is a secondary product that arises during the preparation of foliar fertilizer with biostimulating properties based on collagen hydrolysates with a low molecular weight. It is therefore a product that can be obtained easily, without high consumption of energy and chemicals.

- As a by-product in the production of collagen hydrolyzates, it is impregnated with a protein hydrolyzate with stimulating effects for the microbial flora of the soil and with nutrients for the plant.

- It is a concentrated product, in the form of a paste with min. 50% by weight dry matter, which can be further dried and processed into the form of granules. The product is rich in mineral substances, available for soil and plants, with calcium and sulfur content (at least 40% of dry weight) and with protein hydrolyzate (at least 6% of dry weight).

- Protein hydrolysates have a very low molecular weight (below 3 kDa) and contain at least 20% by weight. proteins with a molecular weight below 600 Da. This ensures the rapid availability of organic nitrogen, but also of amino acids, hormonal precursors, which have a biostimulating effect for both soil microflora and plants.

- The product can be used as such (in which case it is very cheap) as well as in the form of pellets or as part of fertilizers.

- 2 CZ 310027 B6

Clarification of drawings

Giant. 1 Chlorophyll index for corn plants treated with amounts of 1.5 t/ha, 3 t/ha and 6 t/ha of auxiliary material produced by the method according to the invention in the form of granules, in 2 growth phases: A) 15.07; B) 16.08.

Giant. 2 Average length of corn plants treated using auxiliary material produced by the method according to the invention in the form of granules.

Giant. 3 Average stem thickness of corn plants treated using auxiliary material produced by the method according to the invention in the form of granules.

Giant. 4 Chlorophyll index for corn plants treated with the auxiliary substance according to the invention in the form of a paste in the amount of 15t/ha, compared to control samples treated only with water.

Giant. 5 Average length of maize plants treated with the auxiliary substance produced according to the invention in the form of a paste in the amount of 15t/ha, compared to control samples treated only with water.

Giant. 6 The number of corn ears in the case of a corn crop treated with an auxiliary substance produced by the method according to the invention in the form of a paste in the amount of 15t/ha, compared to control samples.

Examples of implementation of the invention

Example 1

The method of production of an auxiliary material based on Ca, S and N for soil fertilization in an exemplary embodiment for biostimulation of cereal growth consisted in the fact that this auxiliary material was created as a by-product of the process of preparing collagen-based fertilizers by hydrolysis with calcium hydroxide, when in the final stage of the preparation, the hydroxide calcium used as a hydrolytic agent neutralized with sulfuric acid. A paste with a dry matter content of 62% by weight was obtained, which contained 25.2% by weight. calcium, 20.3 wt.% sulfur and 8 wt.% proteins. This paste, which also contained 0.3 wt.% magnesium and had an ash content of 67.9% by weight. was directly used to treat the soil for growing corn, or other plants. The auxiliary material according to the invention in an exemplary embodiment showed good effects in terms of soil fertilization, correction of pH values and supply of calcium and sulfur for vegetable crops.

When dosed in concentrations of 15 t/ha, it has a stimulating effect on plant metabolism. The result was a more uniform development of the plants - compared to current production, the chlorophyll index increased by 26.7% (see Fig. 4), plant height by 11% (see Fig. 5) and the number of ears by 2.2% (see Fig. 6 ) compared to the control sample treated only with water.

Example 2

The method of production of auxiliary material based on Ca, S and N for soil fertilization in an exemplary embodiment for biostimulation of cereal growth was identical to example 1.

The obtained paste with a dry matter content of 62% by weight, which contained 25.2% by weight calcium, 20.3 wt.% sulfur, 8 wt.% protein, 0.3% wt. magnesium and had an ash content of 67.9% by weight. but it was subsequently dried and processed into granules with 88 wt.% dry matter. The auxiliary material according to the invention in the form of granules with a dry matter content of 88% by weight was used for treatment

- 3 CZ 310027 B6 land for growing corn, or other plants. When dosed at concentrations of 1.5 t/ha, 3 t/ha or 6 t/ha, it stimulated plant metabolism by increasing the chlorophyll index (see Fig. 1A and 1B) - compared to the control sample treated only with water, by 75% in the first vegetation phase and by 36.4% in the second vegetation stage. The stimulating effect of auxiliary material based on Ca, S and N 5 on plant growth was recorded for doses of 3 t/ha and 6 t/ha, when there was an increase in the height of the treated plants by 6.3 to 8.8% (see Fig. 2) and for the thickness of the stems by 4.87% (see Fig. 3).

Claims (2)

1. Method of production of auxiliary material based on Ca, S and N for soil fertilization, especially for biostimulation of cereal growth, characterized by the fact that this auxiliary material is created as a by-product of the process of preparing collagen-based fertilizers by hydrolysis with calcium hydroxide, when in the final during the preparation phase, the calcium hydroxide used as a hydrolytic agent is neutralized with sulfuric acid to obtain a paste with a dry matter content of 50 to 70% by weight, which contains 22 to 28% by weight. calcium, 17 to 23 wt.% sulfur and 6 to 10 wt.% proteins. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the resulting paste is subsequently dried and processed into granules with a dry matter content of 85 to 95% by weight.