CZ308282B6 - Feed supplement to increase boars libido - Google Patents

Abstract

A feed supplement for enhancing boars libido where 1 g of the premix with a powdered feed mixture for 1 kg of body weight of the animal per day contains 5 mg ofextract (50: 1), 6 mg of Tribulus terrestris extract containing 45 % by weight of saponins, 0.3 mg of 20-hydroxyecdysone or the corresponding extract of the roots ofwith a content of 60 to 70% by weight. 20-hydroxyecdysone, 3 to 8 by weight other ecdysteroids, 0.5 mg dl-tocopherol acetate, 0.1 mg zinc citrate, 0.040 mg folic acid, 0.040 mg piperine, 27 mg lauric acid, 8 mg L-carnitine tartrate, 220 mg inulin and the remaining 1 g is biologically inactive substances, mainly primary metabolites, in particular of a polysaccharide nature.

Description

Breeding pigs for a high level of performance and meat quality has had an adverse effect on their reproductive functions. In large farms, the widespread technique of artificial insemination, in which the collected boar sperm is artificially introduced into sows within a predetermined period, on the one hand simplified the practice in breeding, on the other hand significantly increased the intensity of work at insemination stations. The economic pressure to use staff working time on the one hand and the more delicate gene pool of animals on the other hand lead to undesirable stress, which also has a negative effect on the reproductive capacity of boars. It is known that nutrition, its appropriate composition, can affect the health of animals and humans. Therefore, suitable feed additives are sought, represented in particular by standardized (fractionated) extracts from lower and higher plants, fungi and yeasts or substances isolated from them, which would have a beneficial effect on increasing the reproductive capacity of boars. These substances (complexes of substances) are still in short supply and are usually very expensive, which adversely increases the cost of breeding pigs.

The essence of the invention

The above-mentioned drawbacks are eliminated by the feed supplement for increasing the libido of boars, according to the invention, the essence of which consists in the fact that 1 g of premix with a powdered feed mixture for 1 kg b. hm. contains 1 mg of Eurycoma longifolia extract (50: 1), 6 mg of Tribulus terrestris extract containing 45% by weight, saponins, 0.3 mg of 20-hydroxyecdysone or a corresponding extract from the roots of Leuzea carthamoides containing 60 to 70% by weight. 20-hydroxyecdysone, 3 to 8% by weight, other ecdysteroids, 0.5 mg dl-tocopherol acetate, 0.1 mg zinc citrate, 0.040 mg folic acid, 0.040 mg piperine, 27 mg lauric acid, 8 mg L- carnitine tartrate, 220 mg of inulin and the remainder up to 1 g are biologically inactive substances, mainly primary metabolites, especially of a polysaccharide nature.

It has proved useful for the inventors when the feed supplement according to the invention was administered to boars once a day in the form of a powder mixture with feed. The duration of its administration was at least 40 days.

The individual components of the feed supplement according to the invention are very active substances, as can be seen from the following overview.

Eurycoma longifolia

The main biological effect of this plant part is the aphrodisiac action, which induces a complex of quasinoids. In male experiments, the summary extract exhibited a proandrogenic effect, increasing sexual activity in middle-aged male rats by prolonging coitus time and reducing the refractomy period between coupling series, although this reduction is lower compared to fully adult males. The substances increase the content of testosterone in Leydig cells due to the effect of HCG, increase sexual motivation, show anxiolytic activity, similar to the effect of azepines, usable in sexual dysfunction. They also show an eliciting effect on the formation of odorant 16-androstene derivatives present, for example, in the male testes. The results of experiments show that these substances can be used not only in men but also in women. In the case of anabolic steroids, men may experience some change in the size of the corpus penis and a reduction in testes; there are reports that administration of the extract may normalize the condition.

- 1 CZ 308282 B6

The constituents of non-aqueous root or wood extracts (quasinoids and tirucallane triterpenes) have cytotoxic (antineoplastic) effects (cell lines KB, DU-145, RD, MCF-7, CaOV-3, MDBK), they are inducers of apoptosis; Some canthin-6-one alkaloids contribute significantly to these effects.

For quasinoids, antiinvasive activity against some protozoa is described; this effect has also been described in the case of extracts from the roots of Eurycoma longifolicr, it is caused not only by some quasinoids (effect against Plasmodium falciparum, Schistosoma spi), but also against trypanosomiasis (Trypanosoma cruziv, Chagas' disease); in this case, the alkaloid derivatives of canthin-6-one are responsible for the effect.

Leuzea carthamoides

Ecdysteroid concentrate has adaptogenic effects (increases the body's resistance to the negative effects of stress factors, acts against adrenal hypertrophy, gastric lesions and the development of gastric and duodenal ulcers), has neurotropic activity (shortens sleep duration after sedatives, strengthens conditioned defensive reflexes, protects against development of amnesia after sedative azepines, alcohol and some tropane alkaloids), has a protective and reparative effect on cerebral ischemia, increases glycogen levels in muscle (skeletal and organ) and liver, positively affects lipid metabolism, accelerates proteosynthesis in the liver (affecting mRNA), to a certain extent rates also in skeletal muscle (muscle is increased in experimental animals after administration of the substance); this anabolic effect is evident especially in adolescents, in adults the increments are lower. The substance also has a hepatoprotective effect, slightly reduces the permeability of cardiomyocyte cell membranes in ischemic lesions, and has a reparative effect on the affected heart muscle. The combination with cholecalciferol causes a significant antiradical effect, accelerates wound healing, stimulates erythropoiesis, has chemoprotective effects against the development of some types of cancer, hypoglycemic effects.

Trihulus terrestris

The mixture of steroid saponins has aphrodisiac effects and the plant part is traditionally used in male infertility. Saponins have an overall stimulating effect with emphasis on the sexual system (spermatogenesis, libido sexualis). From the saponin fraction, Tribestan was produced in Bulgaria to affect male libido, resp. removal of erectile impotence. This product was recommended not only for men but also for women. Furostanol saponins and the two main components of the saponin fraction, protodisocin and protogracillin, are responsible for this biological activity. However, it is believed that the quantitative predominance of the spirostanol fraction of saponins also contributes to the effect. Protodioscin increases male sexual activity and has been shown to be effective in influencing male infertility in a randomized multicenter study. This substance increases the level of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) in infertile men, it seems to be a precursor of DHEA in individuals with low serum levels of this substance. DHEA is involved in increasing the integrity of cell membranes, increasing blood circulation, overall health and a sense of integrity. This complex leads to an increase in sexual activity. The saponin complex increases LH and testosterone levels after oral administration to healthy males. It does not affect FSH levels. In females, FSH and estradiol levels increase after administration of the saponin mixture, but testosterone levels do not change significantly. Protodioscin increases the conversion of testosterone to potent dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which not only stimulates sexual activity and the development of skeletal musculature, but also helps to increase blood circulation and improve the efficiency of oxygen transport systems and induce a feeling of health. Proerectile activity is described for saponins. Saponins are also used to increase the development of skeletal muscle, as a total stimulant, to increase physical activity and overall life energy. After ingestion, serum levels of free testosterone, DHT and estradiol increase in healthy males. The volume of ejaculate also increases.

-2 CZ 308282 B6

Among other effects, the saponin fraction was shown to have a dilating effect on the coronary and cerebral vessels, a inhibitory effect on arteriosclerosis and cerebral thrombosis. Decreased blood pressure (ACE inhibition) was also observed. These substances also show cytotoxic (antineoplastic) activity (spiro compounds only), dioscin, protodioscin and methylprotodioscin provide significant results. The extracts have diuretic and anti-inflammatory effects (inhibition of COX-2). Other effects do not appear to be significant.

The extracts are used to increase sexual activity, in spermatorrhoea, gonorrhoea, kidney stones and painful urination. They are also significantly used in sports nutrition (strength sports, bodybuilding), although clinically focused studies have not shown an improvement in mood, affecting body weight, body fat, increasing muscle mass and muscle strength in athletes.

Piperine

Piperine-containing black pepper extracts are used for stomach upset (antiadhesive to Helicobacter pylori), for diarrhea and as an adjuvant aphrodisiac. At present, however, mainly pure piperine, resp. Bioperine®: in animal experiments it has a depressing effect on the CNS (antagonism of convulsions induced by electroshock), it has antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, bactericidal, it has a chemoprotective effect on the mitochondrial TCA cycle and phase-I glutathione-metabolizing enzymes, it acts on human TRPV1 receptor, Important for the therapeutic modulation of inflammation and pain, it acts very similar to capsaicin. Bioperine is reported to increase the body's natural thermogenic activity and, together with a complex intervention in metabolism, may interfere with weight regulation. Closely related to this process is the significant effect of piperine on increasing the bioavailability of substances important for the course of metabolism; this effect was observed in:

• plant extracts (curcuminoids, capsaicin, Boswellia serrata, Withania somnifera, Ginkgo biloba), • water-soluble vitamins (vitamins Bi, B _2. B _n . Bi ₂ , nicotinamide, folic acid, vitamin C), • water-insoluble vitamins (vitamins A, D, E, K), • antioxidants (except some named vitamins α- and β-carotene, β-cryptoxanthin, lycopene, lutein / zeaxanthin, pycnogenol, flavonoid complexes), • L-amino acids (leucine, isoleucine, threonine, valine, tryptophan, phenylalanine, methionine), • minerals (Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, V, Se, Cr, I, K, Mn, Cu).

Ginkgo biloba

The constituents of the leaves present in the extract (flavonoids and terpenes, so-called ginkgolides) act synergistically; protects tissue (especially brain) from oxidative damage (stress); flavonoids have significant antioxidant and sweeping properties, reduce peroxidation on cell membranes, reduce oxidative damage to erythrocytes, protect neurons and retinal tissue from oxidative stress and ischemic conditions. Ginkgolides competitively inhibit PAF on membrane receptors in many cells, reduce platelet aggregation, phagocyte chemotaxis and smooth muscle contraction, prevent neutrophil degranulation, reduce free radical production, and suppress the function of excitatory amino acid receptors. Inhibition of PAF may result in increased cardiac contractility and coronary blood flow. TXA ₂ levels may be reduced and platelet aggregation may be reduced.

The contents of the purified leaf extracts increase blood flow to the brain, ocular background, limbs and other tissues. They also act on β-amyloid proteins: they inhibit the toxicity and cell death induced by these peptides, they can also affect the metabolism of neurotransmitters (or interfere with the cholinergic system). They are thought to interfere with COMT metabolism and increase the number of α-adrenergic receptors in the brain, which may prevent the loss of these

-3 CZ 308282 B6 receptors, which occurs in old age. Ginkgolides A and B reduce the biosynthesis of glucocorticoids and play a role in a certain anti-stress and neuroprotective effect of ginseng extract.

Orally, purified extracts are used in dementia, including Alzheimer's dementia, cerebral vascular insufficiency (especially in geriatrics), memory loss, headache, tinnitus, vertigo, dizziness, difficulty concentrating, mood swings, hearing loss. They can also be used for cognitive problems associated with Lyme disease, cognitive problems that arise secondarily due to depression. These substances also improve hemodynamics in the ocular vascular plexus, have a beneficial effect on macular degeneration and glaucoma, as well as thrombosis, arteriosclerosis, angina pectoris, hypercholesterolemia, cardiac reperfusion injury, premenstrual syndrome and diabetic retinopathy. The extracts are also beneficial for sleep disorders and cognitive behavior in patients with depression and CFS, they can be used to treat winter depression.

Lauric acid

Technological auxiliary to cover the unpleasant taste of other raw materials used; in addition, it has certain antibacterial effects and aids in the absorption of lipophilic substances in the intestine.

Tocopheryl acetate α-Tocopherol theoretically exists in 8 isomers; /? /? /? - a-tocofcrol. generally called D-atopherol, it has the highest affinity of all these substances for α-TTP and also the highest biological activity. /? /? /? - α-Tokofcrol is commonly referred to as natural vitamin E (also found in natural food sources); a racemic mixture of all 8 α-tocopherol isomers or N-rac-α-tocopherol. was formerly referred to as D, L- and tocopherol; «// - rac-a-tocofcrol. sometimes called synthetic vitamin E (in the form of acetate), is used to fortify food. 4H-rac-α-tocopherol has lower activity against α-TTP (~ 50%) than (R) -β-α-tocopherol. There are opinions that natural vitamin E has anti-inflammatory activity and may be more beneficial in the prevention of atherosclerosis than synthetic vitamin, but recent studies show that the differences are not as significant.

Tocopherols generally have an antioxidant effect in most tissues (especially lipid tissues), anti-inflammatory, can reduce the nephrotoxicity of some drugs, act preventively against malignant and non-malignant growth (antiproliferative effect in benign prostatic hyperplasia; natural γ-tocopherol inhibits prostate cancer cell proliferation, α- tocopherol is practically without effect in this respect), slow down the development of some neurodegenerative diseases (Alzheimer's disease: antioxidant effect), increase the body's immune response, suppress skin damage after UV light, favorably affect asthma, suppress PKC activity. Vitamin E also acts by a non-oxidative mechanism: it affects cell signaling processes and modifies gene expression in cerebellar cells (cerebellar ataxia is a vitamin deficiency syndrome).

In practice, vitamin E is very often combined with vitamin C - there is an opinion that they supplement very well in effect (vitamin C is said to reduce the degradation of vitamin E). As with other oxidants, it has been shown that high doses of vitamin E can have a prooxidative effect and induce peroxidation (proven in vitro, in vivo results are not convincing). High doses of vitamin E interfere with the production of a vitamin K-dependent clotting factor inducing a hypoprothrombin effect, especially in people with vitamin K deficiency or in patients treated with anticoagulants. The mixture of tocopherols has a significantly stronger effect on platelet aggregation than α-tocopherol alone, which may result in a discrepancy between dietary tocopherol and α-tocopherol supplements in cardiovascular disease. The mixture of tocopherols increases the level of nitric oxide and SOD, the protein content in platelets, which affects platelet aggregation.

-4 CZ 308282 B6

All forms of vitamin E are resorbed in the small intestine; there are no significant differences between the absorption of α-tocopherol, acetate or succinate. In the case of D-α-tocopherol, it has not been confirmed that a higher fat content in the diet contributes more significantly to vitamin resorption, but under conditions of fat malabsorption (small intestinal involvement) lipophilic forms of vitamin E (as well as vitamin from food) are practically not absorbed. In this case, the solution is to use a water-soluble form - tocopheryl succinate-polyethylene glycol 10,000 (TPGS), which can increase the amount of vitamin E in the body.

Orally, a group of vitamin E substances is administered as a prevention of cardiovascular diseases (atherosclerosis, angina pectoris, thrombophlebitis, intermittent claudication, hypertension, prevention of ischemia-reperfusion injury, as an adjuvant after coronary artery bypass graft, as well as to alleviate complications associated with diabetes before the development of malignant neoplasms (tumors in smokers, colorectal cancer and polyps, gastric, prostate and pancreatic tumors) It is also beneficial in Alzheimer's disease and other dementias, Parkinson's and Huntington's disease, nocturnal convulsions, restless legs syndrome and as an adjuvant in epilepsy, in the prevention of preeclampsia in high-risk groups of women and allergies.It is also used to control infections of the respiratory system in frequent asthma, to prevent cataracts, accelerated aging, inflammation in skin diseases, accelerated skin aging The use for the protection of the urogenital system is important: vitamin E is significantly involved in the regeneration of the urinary tract epithelium (geriatric application), suppresses the course of premenstrual syndrome, favorably affects the course of dysmenorrhea, habitual abortion, menopausal syndrome, menopausal and male impotence. It is also useful in influencing CFS, chronic cystic mastitis, mammary dysplasia, peptic ulcers, porphyria, tardive dyskinesia. It is also used in sports and convalescence (increasing physical performance).

Zinc

Zinc ions, present in a form that is very readily available (eg zinc citrate) have antioxidant effects (especially as part of SOD-superoxide dismutase), increase tissue immunity to viral diseases, increase sexual activity (beneficial effect on prostate metabolism).

L-carnitine

It is conditionally an essential amino acid, a characteristic component of striated muscle and liver, but it occurs in all cells of the animal body. It plays a crucial role in fatty acid metabolism (β-oxidation) and the production of biological energy. In the body, it is synthesized in the liver and kidneys from L-lysine and L-methionine (in the necessary presence of niacin, vitamin Be, vitamin C and iron).

Its most significant use so far is in the field of cardioprotectivity, cardiac ischemia, angina pectoris and to some extent in peripheral vascular disease. The substance reduces TAG levels and a slight increase in HDL levels has been observed. It can be used as an additive in the treatment of male infertility and hyperthyroidism. It is also used with good effect in primary and secondary carnitine deficiency syndromes.

Inulin

Fructan polymer composed of D-fructofuranose, containing as terminal unit D-glucose, isolated mostly from chicory roots Cichorium intybus The degree of polymerization of native chicory inulin ranges between n = 5 to 65, on average 10. Inulin is an energy-poor carbohydrate, and therefore it is suitable for increasing the volume of intestinal filling and digestibility of food, has a significant prebiotic effect, reduces serum TAG levels by reducing the synthesis of fatty acids and reducing the formation of VLDL, in humans it is used to affect

-5 CZ 308282 B6 hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglycerolemia, hyperlipidemic, obesity, for weight loss, improved GIT function and as an additive. In livestock, it improves the physiological processes in the intestines.

The feed supplement according to the invention, based on the combinations of the above-mentioned types of plant extracts and biologically active substances, has succeeded in inducing an aphrodisiac effect in boars consisting of the following effects: increased libido, improved spermatogenesis. Furthermore, this feed supplement, especially in powder form, contains such excipients which eliminate the markedly bitter taste of the additive, do not reduce the bioavailability of plant extracts from the intestine and favorably contribute to the hygiene of the boar's intestine. The newly formulated recipe shows higher efficiency at a lower load on the animal's body.

In preparing the composition of the feed supplement according to the invention, the inventors used the available knowledge from the literature, which they verified in practice.

The feed supplement according to the invention has good sensory properties, has been easily ingested by animals and its beneficial effect, in particular on increasing the reproductive capacity of boars, has been demonstrated by the inventors. It is administered once a day in the form of a powder mixture with feed. The application period is at least 40 days.

The following examples merely illustrate the invention without limiting it in any way.

Examples of embodiments of the invention

Example 1

The feed supplement for increasing the libido of boars according to the invention was verified under the conditions of a commercial insemination station Bmá, CZ, in two experiments lasting 60 days. The experimental group of boars received the feed supplement according to the invention in a dose of 1 g / 1 kg bw. wt./day that contained the active ingredient (the dose was determined to be the same for all boars based on the average weight of the boar per ISK), the control group received a feed supplement containing only excipients. The experimental and control groups were the same in each experiment - 10 boars. Libido was evaluated according to the scale generally used for ISK and ejaculate sample (motility, morphology, biochemistry). An increase in libido was statistically demonstrated in both experiments. The quality of ejaculate did not deteriorate in the experimental group and the content of free amino acids in seminal plasma improved.

Industrial applicability

The feed supplement to increase boar libido was successfully tested and its composition is based on an extract of Eurycoma longifolia, an extract from the roots of Leuzea carthamoides, containing 60 to 70% by weight. 20-hydroxyecdysone, 3 to 8% by weight, other ecdysteroids, Ginkgo biloba leaf extract containing 22 to 27% by weight, flavonoids and 5 to 7% by weight, terpene lactones, longcopherol acetate, zinc, folic acid, piperine, lauric acid , L-carnitine tartrate, insulin has shown a beneficial effect in increasing boar libido.

Claims (1)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. A feed supplement for increasing the libido of boars, characterized in that 1 g of a premix with a powdered feed mixture for 1 kg b. hm. contains 1 mg of Eurycoma longifolia extract (50: 1), 6 mg of Tribulus terrestris extract containing 45% by weight, saponins, 0.3 mg of 20-hydroxyecdysone or a corresponding extract from Leuzea carthamoides roots containing 60 to -6 CZ 308282 B6 70% by weight. 20-hydroxyecdysone, 3 to 8% by weight, other ecdysteroids, 0.5 mg dl-tocopherol acetate, 0.1 mg zinc citrate, 0.040 mg folic acid, 0.040 mg piperine, 27 mg lauric acid, 8 mg L-carnitine tartrate, 220 mg of inulin and the remainder up to 1 g are biologically inactive substances, mainly primary metabolites, especially of a polysaccharide nature.