CZ306082B6 - Device for cleaning internal combustion engines - Google Patents

Abstract

In the present invention, there is disclosed a device for cleaning internal combustion engines comprising a pneumohydraulic or hydraulic circuit, which is provided on one side with an adapter (20) for mechanical pressure-tight connection to a combustion space of the internal combustion engine, through solid jacket of the cylinder (21) thereof, and on the other side it is connected to a source of a chemical liquid, which is injected into the combustion space of a cylinder (21) in the above-piston section and in the engine rest state, at a pressure within the range of 0.1 to 2 MPa.

Description

Apparatus for carrying out the method and the method of cleaning internal combustion engines

Field of technology

The invention relates to an apparatus for carrying out a method of cleaning (decarbonization and demineralization) and to a method of cleaning the working parts of internal combustion engines.

Prior art

At present, the process of cleaning internal combustion engines and its parts uses universal chemical-technical fluids, which are purposefully introduced while the cleaned engine is running into its individual workspaces, while the transport of released dirt and mechanical particles through the combustion and exhaust space outside this system. .

The essence of the invention

The subject of the invention is a device for carrying out a cleaning method, including the composition of chemical-technical liquids used for this purpose, and a method for cleaning internal combustion engines. The method of cleaning internal combustion engines is characterized in that a chemical-technical liquid is introduced into the combustion space of an individual cylinder in a closed piston-piston part in the engine at rest by means of a combustion engine cleaning device under a pressure in the range of 0.1 to 2 MPa. the liquid dissolves carbon and mineral deposits, which are formed during the combustion of lubricants and fuels, while lubricant deposits have a predominantly acidic character and fuel deposits, especially gasoline, have a basic character. Thus, the purification process consists of at least two separate processes, with the use of basic and acidic chemical-technical liquid. When cleaning with an acidic chemical-technical liquid (aqueous hydrochloric acid solution), the working time of contact with the metal surfaces of aluminum alloys is limited, depending on its concentration in the time range of 1 to 20 minutes. When cleaning with an alkaline chemical-technical liquid (aqueous solution of surfactants containing potassium hydroxide), the working time of contact with metal surfaces is limited, depending on its concentration in the time range of 1 to 200 minutes. Cleaning always takes place in an individual cylinder, at the top dead center, or partially below it, of the respective piston with a closed non-piston, ie combustion space, so that when introducing chemical-technical liquid into the cylinder above the piston, chemical-technical liquid flows piston, piston rings and the inner wall of the cylinder, which bypasses the piston and, among other things, also loosens the baked piston rings. To secure the said position of the piston at higher working pressures, the piston is mechanically secured against falling from the original position, eg by locking the crank mechanism. The contaminated chemical-technical liquid with dissolved impurities is then discharged from the underbody part of the cylinder space through the discharge opening, or in the case of two-stroke engines via channels in the cylinder housing outside the engine. The above method of cleaning reduces the risk of local or total seizure of susceptible parts of the internal combustion engine, as is the case with methods that use the method of cleaning while the engine is running (see Fig. 1).

The device for carrying out the method of cleaning internal combustion engines comprises a pneumatic-hydraulic or hydraulic circuit, which is provided on the one hand with an adapter for mechanical pressure-tight connection to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine through its rigid shell and on the other hand to a source of chemical-technical fluid with working pressure. 0.1 to 2 MPa. The equipment for cleaning internal combustion engines uses an aqueous solution of surfactants containing potassium hydroxide and an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid alternately as a chemical-technical liquid.

-1 CZ 306082 B6

Explanation of drawings

Giant. 1 - diagram of the pneumatic-hydraulic circuit of the device

Giant. 2 - diagram of the hydraulic circuit of the device

Examples of embodiments of the invention

Example 1: In a first exemplary embodiment, the device for carrying out the method of cleaning internal combustion engines is composed of two parts of a pneumatic-hydraulic circuit. In the first part of the pneumatic-hydraulic circuit with a pressure pipe 12, which is mechanically placed in a box 1 of durable material, inside this box 1 the following components are placed in sequence: storage tank 2 with chemical-technical liquid (aqueous solution of surfactants containing potassium hydroxide) , or aqueous hydrochloric acid solution) and an outlet shut-off valve 3, a non-return valve 4, a first collecting vessel 5 of transparent material with a vent valve 6 and a working pressure gauge 7, a non-return valve 8, a working pressure gauge 9 and a shut-off valve 10. with a pipe coupling 11, which protrude from the casing of the box 1, wherein a pressure vessel 24 with a source of pressurized gas with a pressure reducing valve 23 and a manometer 22 is simultaneously connected to the first collecting vessel 5 at its highest point 5. Storage container 2 for chemical-technical liquid 1 made of solid material is placed in the upper part so that the level of the chemical-technical liquid is higher than h ladina chemical-technical fluid in the first collecting vessel 5. The second outer portable part of the pneumatic-hydraulic circuit is connected via the second part of the pipe coupling 11 and continuously connects to the first part of the pneumatic-hydraulic circuit and the following components are placed on it - 14, a flexible pressure line 13, a second receptacle 15 with a safety valve 17, a vent valve 18 and a working pressure gauge 16, a shut-off valve 19 and an adapter 20 for mechanical pressure-tight connection to the rigid shell of the internal combustion engine cylinder 21 (see FIG. 1).

Example 2: In a second exemplary embodiment, the device for carrying out the method of cleaning internal combustion engines is assembled in such a way that it consists of a hydraulic circuit with a pressure line 26 where the following components are arranged in sequential order - a storage vessel 28 with a chemical-technical liquid (aqueous solution of surfactants with containing potassium hydroxide, or an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid), the pump 27 has an adapter 20 for a mechanical pressure-tight connection to the rigid shell of the cylinder 21 of the internal combustion engine (see Fig. 2).

Example 3: Method of cleaning: A chemical-technical liquid (aqueous solution of surfactants containing potassium hydroxide or aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid) is gravitationally transported from the storage vessel 2 via the outlet shut-off valve 3 and the non-return valve 4 to the first collecting vessel 5, which is thus filled while simultaneously venting the compressed air space via the vent valve 6. Subsequently, a pressure vessel 24 is opened with a source of pressurized gas which creates a pressure in the first collecting vessel 5 of 0.1 to 2 MPa. When the shut-off valve 10 at the outlet of the box 1 is partially opened, the chemical-technical liquid travels through the one-way valve 8 to the first part of the pipe coupling Γ1. After closing the shut-off valve 10, the first part of the device is in standby mode and ready for use. When connecting the first and second parts of the pipe coupling 11 at the outlet of the box 1, the second outer portable part of the pneumatic-hydraulic circuit is connected and the shut-off valve 10 at the outlet of the box 1 is about half the amount of chemical-technical liquid transferred to the second collecting vessel 15 and the shut-off valve. 10 at the outlet of box 1 is closed.

-2GB 306082 B6

Connect the adapter 20 at the end of the pressure line 13 to the combustion space between the piston 25 and the cylinder 21, the position of the piston 25 being at the top dead center. For valves with valves, these are closed during the decarbonization process. The second outer portable part of the pneumatic-hydraulic circuit is closed at its inlet before disconnecting the pipe coupling 11 by a shut-off valve 14. The chemical liquid is transported from the second collecting vessel 15 via the shut-off valve 19 behind this vessel and the adapter 20 to the combustion chamber in the cylinder 21, either under the original working pressure or by gravity. Upon contact of the chemical fluid with the deposits, a gas is generated which increases the working pressure between the second collecting vessel 15 and the combustion space in the cylinder 21, the chemical fluid flowing around the piston 25 and other relevant mechanical parts and dissolving the deposits. The contaminated chemical-technical liquid then flows through the space under the piston 25.

Example 4: Method of cleaning: A chemical-technical liquid (aqueous solution of surfactants containing potassium hydroxide or aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid) is sucked from the storage vessel 28 by a pump 27 and further conveyed via a pressure pipe 26 via an adapter 20 to the combustion chamber in the cylinder 21. the chemical fluid flows around the piston 25 and other relevant mechanical parts and dissolves the deposits. The contaminated chemical-technical liquid then flows through the space under the piston 25.

Industrial applicability

The invention can be used to clean especially internal parts of internal combustion engines without the need for complete disassembly of the engine, which can achieve low financial costs to significantly extend the life of internal combustion engines and maintain their optimal operating characteristics, one of which is the perfect functionality of sealing rings to ensure the required degree compression in the combustion chamber.

Claims (7)

PATENT CLAIMS A method of cleaning internal combustion engines, characterized in that it comprises the following steps: a) the internal combustion engine is brought to a standstill; b) the piston (25) of the cylinder (21) of the internal combustion engine to be cleaned is brought to the top dead center position, in which position it is secured, preferably by locking the crank mechanism, and in case the engine contains valves, these close; (c) the acidic or basic chemical-technical fluid is passed under a pressure in the range of 0,1 to 2 MPa from an apparatus for carrying out a method of cleaning internal combustion engines, comprising: a pneumatic-hydraulic or hydraulic circuit fitted on one side with an adapter ( 20) for mechanical pressure-tight connection to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine via a fixed cylinder shell (21), and on the other hand it is connected to a source of chemical-technical liquid with a working pressure of 0.1 to 2 MPa, by a pressure pipe (12, 13, 26) via an adapter (20) into the inner space of the cylinder (21) of the internal combustion engine, to the part above the piston (25) in the top dead center position; d) the chemical-technical fluid from step c) flows around the piston and piston rings through the spaces between the piston, the piston rings and the inner wall of the cylinder, towards the chemical-technical fluid inlet in the inner part of the cylinder (21) above the piston (25) at the top dead center position , to the inner part of the cylinder under the piston in the position of the top dead center, whereby any impurities are dissolved in the chemical-technical liquid; Process according to Claim 1, characterized in that the total time of the group of steps c), d) and e) in the range from 1 to 200 minutes is used when using an alkaline chemical-liquid, and the total time of the group steps c), d) and e) in the range of 1 to 20 minutes. A method of cleaning internal combustion engines according to any one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the basic chemical liquid is an aqueous solution of surfactants containing potassium hydroxide and the acidic chemical liquid is an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid. -3 CZ 306082 B6 e) the chemical-technical liquid from step d), which contains any dissolved impurities, is drained from the inner part of the cylinder (21) under the piston (25) in the top dead center position through the discharge opening or through channels in the cylinder housing outside the engine cylinder (21) ; wherein the group of steps c), d) and e) is repeated at least once more, so that when repeating these steps a chemical-technical liquid of the opposite pH than the chemical-technical liquid used in the previous group of steps c), d) and e) is used. Device for carrying out a method of cleaning internal combustion engines according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises a pneumatic-hydraulic or hydraulic circuit which is provided on one side with an adapter (20) for mechanical pressure-tight connection to the combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine. a fixed cylinder shell (21), and on the other hand it is connected to a source of chemical-technical fluid with a working pressure of 0.1 to 2 MPa. Device for carrying out the method of cleaning internal combustion engines according to claim 4, characterized in that the source of chemical-technical fluid with a working pressure of 0.1 to 2 MPa consists of two parts of the pneumatic-hydraulic circuit, the first part being mechanically seated inside and outside the box (1) made of durable material and contains in sequential order on the pressure line (12): a storage vessel (2) with chemical-technical liquid and an outlet shut-off valve (3), a one-way valve (4), a first collecting vessel (5) with a vent valve (6) and a working pressure gauge (7), a non-return valve (8), a working pressure gauge (9) and a shut-off valve (10) with a first part of the pipe coupling (11), the second part of the pneumatic-hydraulic circuit being located outside the closed box (1) and is continuously connected to the first part of the pneumatic-hydraulic circuit and the following are seated on it in successive order on the pressure line (13): the second part of the pipe coupling (11), shut-off valve (14), second collecting vessel (15) with safety vent (17), a vent valve (18) and a working pressure gauge (16) and a shut-off valve (19), wherein a pressure vessel (24) with a high-pressure manometer (24) is connected to the first collecting vessel (5) as a source of pressurized gas or air. 22) and a pressure reducing valve (23) and said gas is non-toxic, non-flammable and non-explosive. Apparatus for carrying out the method of cleaning internal combustion engines according to claim 4, characterized in that it consists of a hydraulic circuit with a pressure line (26), the source of chemical technical fluid with a working pressure of 0.1 to 2 MPa being a storage vessel (28) with chemical fluid and pump (27). Apparatus for carrying out a method for cleaning internal combustion engines according to Claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the chemical-technical liquid is an aqueous solution of surfactants containing potassium hydroxide or an aqueous solution of hydrochloric acid.