CZ305434B6 - Heat-insulating system based on ceramic, plaster or cement foam filled brick - Google Patents

Abstract

In the present invention, there is described a heat-insulating system intended for use in building industry, comprised of a ceramic brick, the cavities of which are filled with plaster or cement foam prepared by mixing together a suspension of plaster or cement with water, optionally filling agents or substances influencing solidification of a foam prepared by aeration of a mixture of water and a foam-forming substance. The invention also relates to a process for preparing the above-described heat-insulating system by incorporation of a plaster or cement foam into cavities of a fired ceramic brick by casting or injection. After solidification, a continuous spatial structure of light, insulating, environment friendly, non-combustible and easily recyclable material, suitable for use in building industry, is formed in the brick cavity.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a lightweight, environmentally friendly ceramic brick-based insulation system filled with gypsum or cement foam, optionally with a lightweight aggregate and / or a solidifying agent, preferably useful in the construction industry.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The chemical composition and / or structure of the thermal insulation materials limit the heat transfer. As an insulating material, natural or synthetic rubber, foamed polystyrene, phenolic foam, polyethylene foam, polyurethane foam, etc. are most often used. fibrous insulating materials that are composed of natural or industrially manufactured fibers include cellulose insulation, wood wool, mineral fibers, glass and rock wool, carbon fibers, etc. In the absence of a binder, the material is referred to as loose insulation. A layer of insulating material including sheathing or surface layers is referred to as an insulating product, and in the case of multiple interconnected layers of insulation, a composite insulating product. It can be a block, slab, panel, block, mat, rolls, segment, fitting, felt, loose wool, etc. In combination with multiple materials or products, the thermal insulation material forms so-called thermal insulation systems or composite thermal insulation systems that the individual components are connected to one another without air gaps.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The thermal insulation system according to the invention is not derived from any type of thermal insulation material specified in the Czech technical standard ČSN EN ISO 9229, which is the Czech version of the European standard EN ISO 9229: 2007.

The object of the invention is a thermal insulation system for use in construction, consisting of a ceramic brick whose cavities are filled with gypsum or cement foam prepared by mixing a slurry of gypsum or cement with water in a water / gypsum or water / cement weight ratio of 0.3 to 0.8 with foam prepared by aerating a mixture of water and a foaming agent, where the bulk density of the gypsum or cement foam is at least 25 kg ^x m ³ .

The volume of foam added is selected with respect to the desired density of the insulator. The volume ratio of the slurry of gypsum or cement with water to foam is preferably 1: 1 to 1: 5. For very dense foams, there is a risk that the honeycombs of the brick will not be maintained and the insulation time (i.e. brick with gypsum-filled cavities). foam) reaches handling strength. While the very light foam insulation system is practically instantly manageable, with a large volume of foam added, the insulation filler can become very brittle after solidification or the prepared foam is unstable and falls quickly.

Fillers such as cellular aggregates, abrasion, fibers and / or solidification agents such as superplasticizers may be advantageously added to the blend.

The present invention also provides a method of manufacturing an insulating system wherein the gypsum or cement foam is injected into a cavity of a fired ceramic brick by casting at normal pressure or by injection into a cavity using a foaming device having an orifice adapted to the cavity size and shape of the filled brick element. Upon binding of the binder, a rigid foam is obtained whose structure imparts strength and mechanical cohesion to a hydrate-based bond. The foam is stabilized by reducing the content

The water which is consumed during the hydration of the binder phase and aspirated into the porous shard of the brick. The amount of foam which is mixed into the binder suspension can provide foams which are lightweight up to a density of 25 kg * m < 3 > and thus equal to expanded polystyrene (EPS) in terms of density.

During hydration and solidification, water is drawn from the foam to stabilize the structure of the rigid foam of the hydration products. Water is also extracted from the foam by a porous shard of ceramic brick. The structure of this foam is formed by air-filled bubbles, and the volume of air can be up to 90%. The solid fraction of the foam forms a continuous spatial structure whose mechanical properties are ensured by a hydrate-based bond. The result is a very lightweight, environmentally friendly, non-flammable thermal insulation system that is easy to recycle.

By setting the gypsum foam prepared in this way, which fills the cavities of the ceramic brick, an insulation system is formed. Gypsum, which is a product of hydration of gypsum binders, is a common component of soils and clays and thus does not pose an environmental risk and the binder system can be more easily recycled. By exposure to elevated temperature, gypsum dehydrates through hemihydrate to anhydrite, releasing gaseous water. The process is endothermic and the system cools down. Thus, there is no danger of promoting combustion or releasing toxic gases upon combustion. Hydration products of the cement binder also exhibit endothermic decomposition. Compared to the use of gypsum binders, however, there is the disadvantage of a longer time for the foam to set before the system gains handling strength. The insulation system according to the invention is advantageously applicable in the building industry.

Clarification of drawings

Giant. 1: Insulation system of ceramic brick filled with gypsum foam.

The invention is further elucidated by means of exemplary embodiments, which in no way limit the other possible embodiments within the scope of the claims.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Example 1: Preparation of an insulating system based on a ceramic brick filled with gypsum foam (Fig. 1)

A foam was added to the paste formed by mixing gypsum in water at a water / gypsum weight ratio of 0.3, which was prepared by mixing and foaming a mixture of a commercially available surfactant with water. The ratio of blend to added foam was 1: 5. Lightweight aggregate was added to the blend before the foam was added. The foam was introduced into the cavities of the fired ceramic brick by casting. Solidification of the gypsum foam prepared in this way, which filled the cavities of the ceramic brick, resulted in an insulation system with a density of 25 kgm ^-3 .

Example 2: Preparation of a ceramic brick-filled insulating system filled with cement foam

To the cement slurry prepared by mixing cement with water at a water / cement ratio of 0.5, a foam was prepared according to the same procedure as in Example 1. The ratio of admixture to the added foam was 1: 2. The foam was injected into the cavities of the fired ceramic brick by injection. . By setting the prepared cement foam filling the cavities of the ceramic brick, an insulation system according to the invention was obtained.

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Industrial applicability

The insulation system according to the invention is very light, environmentally friendly, non-flammable, easy to recycle and advantageously used in construction.

PATENT CLAIMS

Claims (4)

recyclable and is useful in the construction industry. PATENT CLAIMS An insulating system for use in the construction industry, characterized in that it consists of a ceramic brick whose cavities are filled with gypsum or cement foam, prepared by mixing a slurry of gypsum or cement with water in a water / gypsum or water / cement weight ratio of 0.3 to 0,8 with foam prepared by aeration of a mixture of water and a foaming agent, where the bulk density of the gypsum or cement foam is at least 25 kg * m ³ . Insulation system according to claim 1, characterized in that the volume ratio of the slurry of gypsum or cement with water to the foam prepared by aerating the mixture of water and foaming agent is 1: 1 to 1: 5. Insulation system according to claims 1 to 2, characterized in that the gypsum or cement foam further comprises fillers selected from the group consisting of expanded aggregate, abrasion, fibers and / or solidifying agents. Method for producing an insulating system according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the gypsum or cement foam is introduced into the cavities of the fired ceramic brick by casting or injection and allowed to solidify.