CZ298687B6 - Aqueous solution for animals exhibiting rehydrating activity and containing L-glutamine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to an aqueous solution for animals exhibiting rehydrating activity and containing L-glutamine for long-term administration to animals suffering from diarrheas, which aqueous solution contains in 1 liter 59 to 65 g of glucose, 2.9 to 3.4 g of sodium chloride, 1.3 to 1.7 g of potassium chloride, 2.2 to 2.8 g of sodium acid carbonate, 4.2 to 4.6 g of neutral sodium citrate, 6 to 12 g of L-glutamine and 15 to 25 g of 100% glycerol. In case of administering said rehydrating solution to animals to hyperhydrate them during their transportation, then 1 liter of the solution contains 20 to 30 g of glucose, 2 to 4 g of sodium chloride, 0.75 to 1.25 g of sodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, 1 to 2 g of potassium chloride, 1.5 to 3 g of sodium acid carbonate, 2 to 4 g of neutral sodium citrate, 1 to 5 g of L-glutamine, and 15 to 25 g of 100% glycerol.

Description

Technical field

The present invention relates to a solution for animals with L-glutamine having a rehydrating effect, which substantially alleviates animal discomfort, particularly in diarrheal diseases.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Diarrheal diseases of farm animals, especially the youngest categories, are among the most common causes of livestock losses. Oral rehydration solutions, which are administered to animals instead of feed, play an important role in symptomatic therapy of diarrhea. The solution provides water, ions and energy to the sick animal, allows the intestine to relax from digestion and reduces the risk of metabolic acidosis. However, the most widespread rehydration solutions (most often the WHO type) cannot provide the animal with a comprehensive supply of all necessary nutrients due to their composition. They can therefore be administered instead of feed only for a limited period of time, as a rule for a maximum of 2 days, after which milk or milk compound feed should be restarted in addition to the solution. Long-term administration of single-composition rehydration solutions results in negative functional and morphological alterations in the intestinal mucosa (Brooks et al, 1998). However, enteritis of infectious origin, for example in calves, is often accompanied by diarrhea, which in many cases lasts more than 2 days, which is a serious problem.

The risk of dehydration also increases during diarrhea, especially in the youngest animals, which are significantly more hydrophilic than adults. If the diarrhea is severe, the daily intestinal water loss of eg calf can reach 13 to 18% of body weight (Berchtold, 1999). The solution to the problem of simple composition of the substitute diet and the limitation of the duration of its administration may be by the administration of solutions which contain, in addition to the necessary ions, more energy (in the form of glucose or salts of some organic acids). Neptune (1965) found that L-glutamine is preferentially used by enterocytes as a prompt energy source and has since been clinically used in this way since it has a positive effect on the intestinal mucosa. Calves have also been successfully tested as part of the rehydration solution (eg Brooks et al., 1998).

For example, according to WO 8501657, a rehydration solution is known, particularly for young, but which does not contain glycerol or L-glutamine, which is unsatisfactory. US 5876763 and CA 2233033 deal with the addition of glycerol to a rehydration solution for humans, especially top athletes to achieve their hyperhydration during physical performance, but is not suitable for clinical use as it does not prevent dehydration due to increased intestinal fluid loss and cannot used for a longer period of time to promote the recovery of damaged intestinal mucosa because it does not contain L-glutamine. According to GB 2319727, the subject of this patent is the formulation of a special substitute nutrition for sick animals. According to the patent specification, the preparation is not a solution, but rather a gel, contains a considerable amount of fatty acids and also glycerol, and contains the necessary vitamins but does not contain the important L-glutamine.

Oral administration of glycerol is a possible solution to prevent dehydration in diarrhea. Glycerol is water-binding and therefore has strong hyperhydration effects, for which it is still used mainly by top athletes (Robergs et Griffin, 1998). Data to describe the use of glycerol in human or veterinary clinical practice as a means of preventing dehydration of the organism in diarrhea are not yet available in the literature.

-1 CZ 298687 B6

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The above-mentioned drawbacks are solved by a solution for animals, especially chicks, with L-glutamine having a rehydrating effect according to the invention, which consists in that 1 l of an aqueous solution contains 59 to 65 g of glucose, 2.9 to 3.4 g of chloride sodium chloride, 1.3 to 1.7 g potassium chloride, 2.2 to 2.8 g sodium bicarbonate, 4.2 to 4.6 g neutral sodium citrate, 6 to 12 g L-glutamine and 15 to 25 g 100% glycerol.

The following composition has been found and successfully tested by the inventor as the optimum composition of the rehydration solution of the offspring according to the invention: 1 l of an aqueous solution contains 62 g of glucose, 3.2 g of sodium chloride, 1.5 g of potassium chloride, 2.5 g of sodium bicarbonate, 4 g neutral sodium citrate, 10 g L-glutamine, 18 g 100% glycerol. The solution was administered twice daily instead of feed at 60 ml / kg body weight of feed.

Also during the transport of live animals there is often a risk of dehydration, which is eliminated by the animal solution according to the invention, further characterized in that 1 liter of aqueous solution contains 20 to 30 g of glucose, 2 to 4 g of sodium chloride, 0.75 to 1 g. 25 g of sodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, 1 to 2 g of potassium chloride, 1.5 to 3 g of sodium bicarbonate, 2 to 4 g of neutral sodium citrate, 1 to 5 g of L-glutamine and 15 to 25 g of 100% glycerol.

In the transport of animals, a rehydration solution according to the invention having the following composition has proven particularly useful: 1 l of an aqueous solution contains 25 g of glucose, 3 g of sodium chloride, 1 g of sodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, 1.5 g of potassium chloride, 2.5 g of sodium hydrogen carbonate neutral sodium citrate, 2.5 g L-glutamine and 20 g 100% glycerol.

The positive effects of the solution according to the invention are due in particular to the fact that, due to the high glucose content, it is a high-energy solution which also contains L-glutamine and glycerol. Such a solution can be used for the entire duration of diarrhea compared to simple composition solutions without compromising the gastro-intestinal tract function and reducing the performance of the animals. In addition to reducing the risk of health complications or animal death, the L-glutamine solution helps to restore the damaged intestinal mucosa and its function more quickly as shown in Figure 2 due to the L-glutamine content. The volume of blood, extracellular fluid and total water in the body is shown in Figure 1. Therefore, the hydration status of the animals is better and the risk of water loss through the intestine and subsequent dehydration of the body is reduced. The authors of the solution according to the invention made this conclusion on the basis of the results of experiments carried out at their workplace at the Research Institute of Animal Production in Prague 10 - Uhříněves between 2003 and 2004 with newborn Holstein calves experimentally infected with Cryptosporidium parvum. Due to its composition, the rehydration solution according to the invention is suitable in the same indication for other farm animals, such as piglets, lambs, kids and foals, and possibly also for pups of other animal species kept in game or zoological gardens, including cubs. From a preventive point of view, its use is also suitable for administration to live animals during their transport to ensure their hyperhydration and also to prevent heat stress.

The preparation of the aqueous solution according to the invention is very simple and consists in dissolving all the components in the drinking water. However, L-glutamine should not come into contact with glucose during storage. This must also be taken into account in the distribution and preparation of the solution according to the invention to users, in which 1 package of dry ingredients for preparing this solution consists of 2 separate parts, separately packed glucose with glycerol and then a part with all other ingredients for the solution according to the invention . For transport reasons, only dry components that are sealed in airtight containers are expected to be distributed.

The composition of the solution according to the invention also allows its long-term administration to the affected animals, since it provides them with valuable nutrition and is fully acceptable even for its administration during treatment.

-2GB 298687 B6 persistent diarrhea in humans. The solution according to the invention, which contains 2 active ingredients simultaneously, thus allowing administration to patients until complete recovery, e.g. for up to 4 to 5 days, thus substantially improves the care of the sick individual. Unlike previously used solutions, in particular according to the WHO, they cannot be administered for longer than 2 to a maximum of 2.5 days.

The following examples illustrate the solution according to the invention without limiting it in any way. On the attached graphs. 1 and 2, the results from the use of the rehydration solution according to the invention are summarized.

Overview of the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a graph showing body fluid volumes in calves. Fig. 2 is a graph showing the absorption capacity of the intestinal mucosa of calves.

Examples

Example 1

The optimum composition of a 1 L aqueous solution of the present invention for rehydrating sick calves, kids, lambs, foals, piglets, and beasts of the beast where, particularly in calves, administration of 60 ml of solution for about 1 kg body weight of animal has proven successful. Said weighed components dissolve well in drinking water. The resulting solution, preferably heated to the body temperature of the animal, can be administered immediately for rehydration.

Component Quantity (g / 1) Glucose 62 NaCl 3.2 KC1 1.5 NaHCO ₃ 2.5 Sodium citrate neutral 4.4 L-glutamine 10 Glycerol 100% 18

Example 2

Following the procedure of Example 1, the following optimal rehydration solution according to the invention was prepared for the transport of mainly adult animals, where the administration of the rehydration solution of the following composition ad libiturrr is expected.

Component Quantity (g / 1) 20-30 Optimum (: 25 Glucose 45 NaCl 2-4 3 Na ₂ HPO ₄ . 12 H ₂ O 0.75-1.25 1 KC1 1-2 1.5 NaHCO ₃ 1,5-3 2.5 Sodium citrate neutr. 2-4 3 50 L - glutamine 1-5 2.5 Glycerol 100% 15-25 20 May

-3GB 298687 B6

Industrial applicability

The invention relates to a complex rehydration aqueous solution which contains 5 L-glutamine and glycerol as active ingredients, inter alia. The solution allows long-term administration especially in diarrhea in animals and humans as it rehydrates and protects the affected individuals.

Use of literature:

Berchtold J: Intravenous Fluid Therapy of Calves. Vet Clin North Am Food Anim Pract. 1999; 15 (3): 505-31

Brooks HW, Hall GA, Wagstaff AJ, Michell AR: Detrimental effects on villus form during conventional oral rehydration therapy for diarrhea in calves; Alleviation by a Nutrient Oral Rehyd15 ration solution containing glutamine. Vet J. 1998; 155 (3): 263-74.

Neptune EM: Respiration and oxidation of various substrates by ileum in vitro. Am J Physiol. 1965; 209: 329-33

Robergs RA, Griffin SE: Glycerol. Biochemistry, pharmacokinetics and clinical and practical applications. Sports Med. 1998; 26 (3): 145-67.

Claims (4)

PATENT CLAIMS A solution for animals, in particular chicks, with L-glutamine having a rehydrating effect, characterized in that 1 l of an aqueous solution contains 59 to 65 g of glucose, 2.9 to 3.4 g of sodium chloride, 1.3 to 1 g 7 g of potassium chloride, 2.2 to 2.8 g of sodium bicarbonate, 4.2 to 4.6 g of neutral sodium citrate, 6 to 12 g of L-glutamine and 15 to 25 g of 100% glycerol. Solution according to claim 1, characterized in that the aqueous solution is optimal 35 contains 62 g glucose, 3.2 g sodium chloride, 1.5 g potassium chloride, 2.5 g sodium bicarbonate, 4.4 g neutral sodium citrate, 10 g L-glutamine, 18 g 100% glycerol. A solution for animals, in particular for the transport thereof, according to claim 1, characterized in that 1 l of the aqueous solution contains 20 to 30 g of glucose, 2 to 4 g of sodium chloride, 0.75 to 20 g. 40 1.25 g of sodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, 1 to 2 g of potassium chloride, 1.5 to 3 g of sodium bicarbonate, 2 to 4 g of neutral sodium citrate, 1 to 5 g of L-glutamine and 15 to 25 g of 100% glycerol. 4. A solution according to claim 3, wherein the aqueous solution comprises 45 25 g glucose, 3 g sodium chloride, 1 g sodium hydrogen phosphate dodecahydrate, 1.5 g potassium chloride, 2.5 g sodium bicarbonate, 3 g neutral sodium citrate, 2.5 g L-glutamine and 20 g 100% glycerol.