CZ298501B6 - Method of hand making small decorative glass articles, particularly flat articles - Google Patents

Abstract

The invented method of hand making small decorative glass articles is characterized in that non-sealed strands (3)of glass are successively melted down to form a developed flat configuration on a glass smooth center (6) or a holding bar (1). By subsequent remelting of said glass strands (3) onto sealed off glass strands (4) a base of said sealed off glass strands (4) is formed. Other non-sealed glass strands (3) being flame cut from a flame cutting bar (2) are then melted down next to or partially in said sealed off glass strands (4). By subsequent sealing in of said other non-sealed glass strands (3) other sealed off glass strands (4) are formed. Other non-sealed glass strands (3) are then successively melted on said sealed off glass strands (4) side by side or partially one on or in other. The other non-sealed glass strands (3) are subsequently sealed off again to thereby form other sealed off glass strands (4). The successive melting down of other non-sealed glass strand (3) and their subsequent sealing off in other sealed off glass strands (4) is carried out until their sufficient fusion occurs and at the same time, a grainy structure thereof is maintained. This procedure is then repeated in predominantly flat geometrical figure until predominantly flat configuration of grainy glass (5) is created. Said sealed off glass strands (4) comprised in the grainy glass (5) are separated therein by distinct visual boundaries between individual glass grains optionally by gaps between the grains, too. Prior formation of a first non-sealed glass strand (3), said flame cutting bar (2) is first removed and adequately thinned away. Other melted down but not yet sealed off glass strands (3) reduce in the direction from the configuration center to edges thereof.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a method of hand-making small decorative glass articles, predominantly flat, e.g., jewelry, flower and tree leaves, and decorative flat edges.

A gas burner and two glass rods are used for the work, one of which is always used for holding and the other for melting. After each working step, a uniform heating of the formed article and after each several steps of melting of added strands are carried out. Possible cooling of the final product depends on its size.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In the manufacture of small decorative objects made of glass rods glass burners of various designs are used, especially in the combination of natural gas - air or so-called oxygen burners.

The basic types of glass rods sold for this production vary according to the amount of lead oxide the glass contains.

Flat objects are formed from the heated rod in various ways:

• They are shaped by pressing glass tweezers - eg ears of glass animals.

• It is formed by a spirally melted thin rod - eg hollow skirts of glass dolls.

• Squeeze out molds made for this purpose - eg flower leaves.

• It is formed by a regularly bent, monolithic “interwoven” strand of glass, eg a boat.

The Czech patent CZ 291 079 describes a method of manufacture by the laminated glass method of the same applicant and inventor as in the present invention.

Gradually, simple glass strands or so-called aerated glass strands are melted side-by-side, side-by-side or side-by-side, which overlap entirely or partially on top of each other and / or side by side until a predominantly spatial layered formation is obtained. pockets and capillaries.

The Czech patent CZ 291 079 describes in detail a method of manual production of decorative glass articles intended for working with a gas burner and a melting and holding rod, during which remelting and subsequent cooling is performed after individual working operations. The first strand is formed from the glass strand from the melting rod, after which the melting rod is melted from it. Subsequently, another glass strand is melted beside, on or into it, partially or completely, which is again melted from the melting rod. Gradually, other strands of glass are melted, which are superimposed wholly or partially on top of each other and / or side by side until a layered formation or layered coating is formed, each with aerated pockets.

A strand of glass from the melting rod can be adhered to the substrate, then it is pulled out and bent back off the flame of the gas burner, which is repeated until the glass has cooled. In doing so, the

Repeated bending and extraction will create an aerated strand of glass with air pockets and capillaries. After it has been made, the melting rod is melted from it and then, next to, on or into it, partially or completely melted another aerated strand of glass, which melts again from the melting rod. Gradually, other aerated glass strands are melted, which are completely or partially superimposed on each other and / or adjacent to each other until a laminate or layered coating is formed, each with aerated pockets.

The glass strand from the melting rod can also be pulled out after gluing to the substrate and the melting rod melted therefrom, thereby forming a simple strand on the substrate. Thereafter, another simple strand of glass is melted next to, on or into it, partially or completely, which is again melted from the melting rod. Gradually, other simple strands of glass are melted, which overlap completely or partially on top of each other and / or side by side until a layered formation or layered coating is formed, each with aerated pockets.

The base is a holding rod, or a glass smooth surface, or already formed layered formations or layered covering.

The layered formations may be spatial formations or predominantly flat formations.

Each new additional strand of glass may be sealed with the preceding portion while maintaining air pockets or capillaries.

The production of these shapes according to the Czech patent CZ 291 079 is very decorative, but deliberate layering of strands so that the resulting shape is full of air pockets or aerated capillaries, is very demanding on the amount of repetitive movements of the artist and hence physical work and time consumption. and material to produce. Accurately attaching such laminated glass to small objects, for example, to create decorative edges of jewelry, is difficult because if the formation contains a large number of air pockets, capillaries or aerated strands of glass, it gains a volume in which it is difficult to accurately attach to a smooth base small formation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The above-mentioned disadvantages are avoided or significantly reduced by the method according to the invention, which is based on the fact that the production of a predominantly flat small glass article is carried out by the granular glass method. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention is characterized in that non-sealed strands of glass are melted onto a smooth glass center or holding rod successively into a planar formation and subsequently melted into sealed strands of glass to form a base of sealed strands of glass. Next to them, or partially into them, other non-sealed strands of glass melt, which melt away from the melting rod. Subsequent sealing results in additional sealed glass strands, onto which other non-sealed strands of glass are melted side by side or partially onto and into each other. These further non-sealed glass strands are subsequently sealed again, thereby forming additional sealed glass strands. Gradual melting of other non-sealed glass strands and their subsequent sealing into other sealed glass strands is carried out until they are sufficiently bonded and at the same time retaining the granular structure and is repeatedly carried out in a largely planar sense to create a predominantly flat granular glass formation containing separated by clear visual boundaries between the individual grains of the glass and possibly also the spaces between the grains. A thin, open-grained, predominantly flat formation is formed, but is sufficiently rigid and in which the completely non-molten boundaries between the individual grains of glass reflect decorative refractions of light.

This gives a decorative flat shape with a predefined shape and a grainy appearance, whereby the surface obtained does not in most cases contain aerated pockets. The decorative appearance is sufficiently ensured even without air pockets by reflecting light from the individual melted parts that do not

-2GB 298501 B6 are sealed into a monolayer, but only to maintain a clearly visible boundary between the parts to be joined.

The final shape is made up of molten strands of glass, sometimes with gaps.

By the method of the present invention, a tiny glass article, predominantly flat, of predetermined arbitrary shape, can be obtained which, by its decorative nature, competes with laminated glass articles, but it is easier, faster and less labor intensive to produce. The surfaces thus obtained look more fragile and better and, with greater accuracy, connect to any other piece of jewelry, sheet, etc.

The predominantly small glass sheet thus obtained allows greater precision in shaping and connection to small glass objects than laminated glass and is less material, time and physically demanding. It can be combined with smooth or laminated glass to create an impressive decorative effect. For example, grained glass is used at the point of bonding the surface to the smooth object for maximum accuracy, and the grained glass in the central portion of the flat object then gives the impression of brittleness, while the outer edges of the surface are thickened and covered with aerated laminated glass pockets.

The decorative object gives a softer and more delicate impression than if only the laminated glass method was used from the beginning.

It is also possible to combine strands of glass of different colors in this production by means of a grain glass method, thereby obtaining interesting color effects in the final product and the individual parts of the object created by this method can also be glued into larger units without visible connection.

During production, a holding and melting rod is used, where a glass formation (eg, the smooth center of jewelry) is adhered to the holding rod, or the holding rod itself serves as a glass base, from which the grained glass surfaces are formed (eg.

the functional end of the holding rod must be kept away from the flame of the burner or its mouth so that the glass still adheres, but at the same time that the individual strands to be added are glued to each other and do not glow into a uniform surface.

the functional end of the melting rod must be heated to a temperature such that a thin strand of glass can be pulled out of the rod and adhered to the heated formation on the holding rod or to the heated end of the holding rod itself. The melting rod is heated, with the heated end attached to the heated base on the holding rod (the base may be an area of already glued or partially alloyed strands of glass or the center of a jewel or sheet). On this foundation, the rod is glued and drawn back to pull out a thin strand of glass, one end of which remains glued to the foundation and the other end melts away from the melting rod. In order to create each new strand, the melting rod needs to be reheated.

The formed flat formation on the retaining rod is constantly heated during the operation by rotating the retaining rod at an appropriate distance from the burner flame. After several repetitive gluing of other strands, the formation is always resealed, ie it becomes so hot that the glued strands are partially sealed, but only so that they do not fully adhere and their boundaries remain as clear as possible. When sealed, the newly created surface can be bent or pulled with glass tweezers as needed.

For a perfectly decorative appearance of the surface to be formed, it is advantageous that the melting bar used is first pulled out and appropriately thinned. From the reasonably thin melting rod the drawn strands are smaller, then they are more numerous on the created area and the area is more granular and thus more decorative.

-3 CZ 298501 B6

From too thin a melting rod, the thin strands make the surface too brittle and, when subsequently melted, easily blend into a uniform surface from which the desired decorative light refractions disappear. The wider strands of glass formed by the bulk melting rod give the impression of an unforgiving impression in the surface and the resulting decorative effect is lower.

For a better decorative appearance of the article it is also advantageous if the strands shrink in the direction from the center of the formation to its edges.

The finished, predominantly flat weld is reheated evenly and slowly cooled.

Larger units without visible and disturbing joints n can be glued from the formations thus obtained.

Overview of the drawings

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIGS. 1 to 8 show the formation of a predominantly flat granular glass structure; FIGS. 9-23 to create a jewel made of smooth glass base with decorative granular glass and laminated glass, and FIG. 24 is a cross-sectional view of the jewel of FIG. 23.

In Figures 1 to 8, it shows in more detail:

Fig. 1 gluing of the melting rod to the holding rod, Fig. 2 melting of the melting rod from the non-sealed glass strand glued to the holding rod, Fig. 3 sealed glass strand on the holding rod, fig. FIG. 5 shows other non-sealed glass strands adhered to the sealed glass strands on the holding bar; FIG. 7 forms sealed glass strands on the holding bar.

In Figures 9 to 23 it presents in more detail:

Fig. 9 adhering a non-sealed glass strand from a melting bar to a smooth glass center on a holding bar; Fig. 10 melting a melting bar from a non-sealed strand of glass adhered to a smooth glass center; Fig. 13 fusing another holding bar at the opposite end of the smooth center with an unfinished row of sealed glass strands,

-4GB 298501 B6 fig. 14 smooth center with unfinished row of sealed glass strands after melting the original holding bar, fig. 15 smooth center with finished row of sealed glass strands, fig. 16 smooth center with finished row of sealed glass strands and glued another non-sealed glass strand Fig. 17 Smooth center with finished row of sealed glass strands and with several other glued non-sealed strands of glass prior to sealing, Fig. 18 Smooth center with finished row of sealed glass strands and with several other sealed glass strands, Fig. 19 Smooth center formation and with a partially finished decorative glass edge, FIG. 20 fusing the original retaining bar at the opposite end of the formation of FIG. 19 and melting another holding bar, FIG. 21 a smooth centered and completely finished decorative glass border, FIG. 22 melting the laminated glass into the peripheral part of the grain 21, FIG. 23 is a finished jewel with a smooth center and a decorative edge of granular glass, which at its periphery is thickened into a strip of overlapping strands forming a dense edge of the laminated glass around the granular glass, FIG. 24 is an axonometric view of cross-section of the finished jewel of FIG. 23.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

Example 1 (Figures 1 to 8)

In order to obtain the decorative surface of the granular glass 5, the following procedure is followed.

A glass holding rod 1 is prepared by a glass melting rod 2. The melting rod 2 should be reasonably thin, since the thinner the less the non-sealed strands 3 of glass are drawn out of it and the surface of the grain glass 5 formed by melting them into the sealed strands 4 of glass is more granular and decorative. However, if the non-sealed glass strands 3 are too thin, they are sealed to form a uniform surface which does not contain the desired decorative light refractions. If the diameter of the melting rod 2 is too large, the strands of non-sealed glass formed are larger and, after melting, the grain glass surface 5 is awkward and the overall decorative impression is less.

The functional end of the holding rod 1 is heated evenly only by the rotary movement about its longitudinal axis in the burner flame only so that the glass begins to stick. The functional end of the melting rod 2 must be heated before each withdrawal of the unsealed glass strand 3 so that its glass can change shape and adhere to the holding rod 1 (Fig. 1). A non-sealed strand of glass 3 is pulled from the melting rod 2 and melted, which remains adhered to the holding rod 1 (FIG. 2) and then melts to form a sealed glass strand 4 on the holding rod 1 (FIG. 3).

-5GB 298501 B6

Further non-sealed glass strands 3 are glued, drawn and melted from the melting rod 2 to the molten glass strand 4 on the holding rod 1 in a predominantly planar direction, which is then melted into the molten glass strands 4 so that they do not blend together (Fig. 5). Again, these non-sealed glass strands 3 are adhered to these sealed glass strands 4 in the predominantly planar direction from the melting rod 2, and the other non-sealed strands 3 are melted and melted (FIG. 6). These non-sealed glass strands 3 are then re-melted into the sealed glass strands 4 so that the non-sealed glass strands 3 merely partially blend with the already sealed glass strands 4, and the boundaries between the individual grains formed remain as clear as possible.

In this way, the surface of the granular glass 5 (FIG. 7) is gradually formed until the desired shape of the predominantly flat structure of the granular glass 5 (FIG. 8) is achieved. In this grain glass formation 5 there may be gaps between the sealed strands 4 of the grain forming glass. Most of the grain structure contains no air pockets and capillaries. If there are occasionally some aerated pockets or capillaries, it is the result of inattention, not intention.

The functional end of the holding rod 1 with the predominantly flat grain glass structure 5 is heated uniformly throughout the work. The resulting predominantly flat grain glass structure 5 can be bent and extracted after heating, and the melting rods 2 of different colors can be combined to form interesting decorative effects. The resulting product is evenly heated and then slowly cooled.

Example 2 (Figures 9 to 24)

In this exemplary embodiment, a smooth glass jewelry 6 made of smooth glass and a decorative edge combined of granular glass 5 and laminated glass 10 (Figs. 23, 24) is described using a smooth center glass holding rod 6 and a melting rod. 2 of glass. The smooth center 6 of the glass on the holding rod 1 is heated between each step by rotating the holding rod 1 around its longitudinal axis and is maintained at a temperature at which the glass begins to adhere. The same rules as in Example 1 above apply to the heating and volume of the melting rod.

The heated melting rod 2 is adhered to the smooth center 6 of the glass (Fig. 9). A non-sealed strand 3 of glass is pulled out and melted from the melting rod 2 (Fig. 10). A further non-sealed glass strand 3 is glued on the opposite side of the smooth glass center 6 (FIG. 11) and continues until the free end of the smooth glass center 6 is longitudinally circled by the non-sealed glass strands 3. There may or may not be a gap between the individual non-sealed glass strands 3. Non-sealed glass strands 3 are remelted to form an unfinished row of 7 sealed glass strands 4 (FIG. 12).

A further holding rod 8 (FIG. 13) is melted to the free end of the smooth glass center 6 with the sealed strands of glass 4 (FIG. 13) and the original holding rod 1 (FIG. 14) is melted. The loose end of the smooth center 6 of the formation is encircled by non-sealed strands 3 of glass which are remelted to form a finished row 9 of sealed strands 4 of glass (FIG. 15). A non-sealed glass strand 3 is melted from the melting rod 2 onto a finished row 9 of sealed glass strands 4 (FIG. 16). Further non-sealed glass strands 3 are melted in a predominantly flat direction onto the finished row 9 of sealed glass strands 4 (FIG. 17), which is remelted so that the sealed glass strands 4 are only partially cast and the boundaries between the individual glass grains remain as clear as possible. (Fig. 18). This process is repeated until the predominantly flat granular glass structure 5 of the desired final shape is obtained by melting more and more strands at the free end of the smooth center 6 (FIG. 19). For a better final appearance of the jewel, it is preferable that the strands shrink from the smooth center 6 of the formation to its edge. In order to achieve the desired shape of the flat granular glass structure 5, it is necessary to fuse the holding rod 1 to the free end of the smooth center 6 with the finished grain glass edge 5 and melt another holding rod 8 (Fig. 20).

-6GB 298501 B6 to finish the edge of the glass 5 (fig. 21). The strands of laminated glass 10 (Fig. 22) with aerated pockets are gradually melted into the peripheral portion of this grain-glass surface 5 by means of the melting rod 2, creating aerated pockets 6 and an edge combined from the surface of grain-glass 5 and laminated glass 10 ( 23 and 24).

The foregoing examples do not limit other possible combinations and process variants within the scope of the claims of the invention and within the spirit of the invention.

Industrial applicability

Grain glass can be used primarily as a decorative accessory of studio glass and in commercial glass production such as stylized decorative cards, flowers, jewelry and Christmas decorations, etc.

Claims (3)

PATENT CLAIMS Method of hand-making small decorative glass articles, predominantly flat, for working with a gas burner and a glass melting rod (2) and a glass holding rod (1), forming a first non-sealed glass strand (3) from the melting rod (2), which is melted to a smooth center (6), after it is melted the melting rod (2), after each working step is carried out uniformly heating the formed object and after every few steps of remelting added strands and possible cooling of the resulting product, of its size, characterized in that the glass smooth center (6) or holding rod (1) is melted successively into a planar formation of non-sealed strands (3) of glass, which subsequently melts into sealed strands (4) to form a base of sealed strands (4) ) glass, beside or partially melting other non-sealed strands (3) glass which melts from the melting rod (2), which subsequently melts to form additional sealed strands (4) of glass, to which other non-sealed strands (3) are melted side by side or partially onto and into each other, these non-sealed strands ( 3) the glass is subsequently sealed again to form further sealed glass strands (4), wherein successive melting of other non-sealed glass strands (3) and their subsequent sealing into other sealed glass strands (4) is carried out until they are sufficiently poured and simultaneously preservation of the granular structure and is carried out repeatedly in a largely planar sense until the formation of a predominantly flat granular glass structure (5) in which the molten glass strands (4) are separated by distinct visual boundaries between the individual glass grains or even the gaps between the grains. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the melting rod (2) is first pulled out and adequately thinned before the first non-sealed glass strand (3) is formed. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the further fused but not fused glass strands (3) decrease in the direction from the center of the formation to its edges.