CZ27272U1 - Thermal insulation above rooftree of building sloped roof using sprayed polyurethane foam - Google Patents

Description

Technical field

The technical solution can be used for thermal insulation of pitched roofs of new buildings and reconstruction of existing roofs using sprayed polyurethane foam. The described solution respects the most modern way of solution of roof insulation with placing of thermal insulation above the rafters.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

At present, the over-insulation of pitched roofs is carried out using plate systems.

In the first case, the panels are expanded or extruded polystyrene specially designed to be laid between the battens and under a stacked concrete or fired roof covering, which is used to load the insulation boards. The limit of this type of insulation is the lower achievable thickness of the slabs, the use of exclusively heavy pleated tiles and the lack of ventilated gap under the roof covering.

In the latter case, there is presently a more modern way of providing over-anchor insulation using polyurethane foam based board systems that better meet the more demanding requirements for conducting thermal insulation of roofs in terms of achieving the desired thermal resistance of the roof structure. On the rafters located on the rafters, the insulating polyurethane boards provided with a tongue and groove for the meeting are laid from above. Beams (counter-battens) are placed on the insulation board layer at anchoring points, which are anchored over a continuous layer of insulation boards (eg 15 cm thickness) and the rafters into the rafters with special system steel screws that have to transfer the static load of the next structure. The advantage of this solution compared to the first described case is primarily the higher attainable insulation thickness, which fully replaces the traditional insulation between the beams (significantly higher thermal conductivity coefficient of polyurethane boards compared to mineral wool allows the use of lower layer thickness of polyurethane boards). The precise placement of the plates on the tongue groove ensures a continuous thermal insulation of the roof without thermal bridges. In contrast to the first method described above, this solution of over-insulation insulation allows the use of other coverings other than heavy pleated. Polyurethane plates are anchored, do not require loading. The disadvantage of this solution is the necessity of thermal insulation of the whole roof surface by the mentioned system, ie also parts of the roof that do not require such as gable overhangs, eaves or overhangs of the roof over unheated spaces. As a result, the cost of thermal insulation and therefore of the roof is significantly more expensive. The implementation of this system places very high demands on the precise alignment of the tongue-and-groove plates, taking into account the difficult handling of bulky plates at a height on an inclined roof under not always optimal weather conditions. A sudden change in weather conditions can cause damage to parts of the insulation that have not been anchored. A significant disadvantage is the high cost of system steel screws, which can act as thermal bridges or cause leakage into the roof structure. As with thermal insulation, the system screws must also be used on parts of the roof above non-insulated spaces.

The essence of the technical solution

The disadvantages of the present methods of overcrowding insulation of pitched roofs are eliminated by the technical solution of overcrowding thermal insulation of buildings using sprayed polyurethane foam in combination with I-OSB beams. The solution consists in creating a continuous layer by spraying closed foam of any thickness directly onto the decking deck (visible from the interior) or on the decking formed by OSB boards on rafters. I-OSB beams anchored by conventional screws through decking or OSB boards to rafters are used to determine the layer thickness of the sprayed closed foam. If a higher thermal resistance of the roof construction is required, a higher thickness of the foam insulation layer is applied and the beams of higher height are selected. The sprayed closed foam has excellent thermal insulation properties (λ = 0.020 W / mK) and allows for a continuous layer without thermal bridges. The spraying adheres perfectly to the flap (or the foil) and the I-OSB beams. It does not change physical properties or shape with time, nor does it degrade weathering. It prevents the penetration of animals and has excellent acoustic properties. Minimum load on the roof structure, density is 35 kg / m ³ . The above-insulation insulation at 15 cm thick does not impair the shape of the roof aesthetically and corresponds to a thermal insulation of approx. 26 cm with a classic mineral wool. The closed polyurethane foam has waterproofing properties and protects the roof structure from the weather while the roof is without roofing.

The I-OSB beams are fitted with the usual structure of the roof structure, ie safety waterproofing, counter-battens and folded roof covering on the roof battens, respectively. metal roof covering on wooden deck.

In this way, over-insulation insulation can only be carried out in places where thermal insulation of the under-roof space is required. By ensuring the connection of vertical structures with adequate thermal resistance to the described thermal insulation of the roof, it is possible to leave roof overhangs in gables, overhangs at eaves or even any part of the roof above areas not requiring insulation simply without insulation. -OSB beam, not a layer of thermal insulation, as is the case with plate polyurethane systems. This will significantly reduce the consumption of the insulating material needed to insulate the roof and hence the cost of the roof.

Spraying thermal insulation is much easier than handling large panels. Also, moving a large amount of insulating material in this case is much faster. In case of sudden change in weather conditions, the application can be easily interrupted and the sprayed polyurethane foam does not suffer damage due to wind or rainfall. The formation of thermal bridges due to the lack of care when splicing boards is excluded. The foam is applied using a special application gun under a pressure of 12 MPa. The material adheres and expands, so that it continuously fills the entire applied area, copying irregularities and surface transitions, perfectly adhering to the I-OSB beams and strengthening the entire structure. The applied thermal insulation layer is no longer drilled with expensive system screws.

The solution of over-thermal insulation of buildings using sprayed polyurethane foam is also advantageous for the following practical reasons:

- On the second day after the roof truss, including the roof, sprayed closed foam can be applied to a single-family house in a single day to protect the building from precipitation.

Compared to systems using polyurethane panels in the solution of over-insulation insulation, the above described solution is noticeably economically advantageous.

- When the decking is used on planed roof truss elements, the roof is also installed in the attic of the building after the roof is completed.

Clarification of the drawing

The technical solution will be explained in more detail by means of the drawing in Fig. 1, which shows a vertical section of the roof structure.

Examples of technical solution

The described technical solution consists of planed rafters 1, on which the deck deck 2 is anchored at the top, thus creating a visible attic or a deck of OSB boards. The rafters are fitted with I-OSB beams 3 160 mm high at the rafters and anchored by conventional screws 9 over the rafters. Between the beams there is a sprayed layer of closed polyurethane foam 4, which perfectly adheres to the flap and to the I-OSB beams and is also a reinforcing element of the whole structure. The application of the closed foam is followed by the installation of the standard roofing, ie the protective waterproofing 5 anchored by the counter battens 6 and the folded roof cladding 8 on the battens 7, eventually the folded sheet covering on the plank flap performed on the counter battens 6.

Claims (2)

PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS Over-thermal thermal insulation of pitched roofs of buildings by means of sprayed polyurethane foam, characterized in that it consists of spray-applied polyurethane foam (4) and a flap (2) consisting of planks or slabs attached to the rafters (1) from the top and IOSB beams ( 3) fastened via the flap (2) also to the rafters (1) which together define the space for the thickness of the polyurethane foam (4). Overcoat thermal insulation of pitched roofs of buildings by means of sprayed polyurethane foam according to claim 1, characterized in that the I-OSB beams (3) define the height for storing the next upper structure of the roof structure as a protective waterproofing (5), counter-batten (6), laths. (7) and roof tiles (8).