CZ267692A3 - method of anchoring two boards parallel with each other - Google Patents

Abstract

An initial hole (6) is drilled at an angle through the wall panel into the inner wall (2). A second smaller hole (5) is drilled slightly off centre to the first. A bolt (7) is located in the holes. A bolt cap (8) eccentrically positioned on the bolt, is rotated and thus fixes the panel to the wall as well as vertically supporting the upper panel (1).The outer panel can be a weather proof cladding applied to a concrete wall.

Description

Method of anchoring two mutually parallel plates.

Technical field

The invention relates to a method of anchoring two parallel plates, to a drill guiding device, as well as to fastening means for supporting and anchoring two structural elements.

In the construction sector it was very common to build a building made of prefabricated wall elements. The wall elements may, for example, measure □ x 2.9 m and consist of a first slab which is designed as a weatherproof shell and a second slab in the form of a concrete bearing shell. The prefabricated elements were produced as follows: First, a concrete support shell was poured, which had a thickness of about 15 cm. Subsequently, an insulating layer, which was usually about 6 cm thick, was applied to the concrete support shell. In order to achieve a connection between the first and second plates, the bracket rods were inserted into the concrete support shell (second plate) and the weatherproof shells (first plate). The bracket rods were to be made of stainless steel. .

In particular, when refurbishing existing prefabricated wall elements, the problem arises that it cannot be checked whether the fastening elements (bracket bars) have been inserted into the wall structure. Furthermore, it cannot be checked whether the bracket bars, as planned, are made of stainless steel. often assuming that a rusting material has also been used, there is a risk that, especially for the weight of the weather shell and the wind pressure out of the building, the weather shell may separate from the concrete bearing shell.

Furthermore, there is a prool that the weather shells often have strong cracks, so that additional fastening and securing of the weather shell to the concrete bearing shell is required.

In addition, in many cases, additional insulation layers and / or weather layers have to be additionally applied to the outside of the weather shell, so that its weight is further increased and thus the risk of separation of the weather shell from the concrete support shell is increased.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Several methods have been proposed for the remediation of existing prefabricated wall elements, which will then be briefly considered.

First, there is the possibility of fastening the weather shell by means of dowels and fasteners to the concrete support shell. The dowels must have sufficient stability at a cost-effective number of dowels per square meter, diameter greater than 20 mm. the shell is sufficiently thick, so that there is a risk of it cracking especially inwards (relative to the wall of the building). Therefore, only the possibility of using dowels of smaller diameters is created, thereby increasing the number of fastening points required. a large number of bores and so-called heavy anchors cannot be used.

The second possibility is to connect the weather shell to the concrete support shell by means of so-called connecting anchors. The connection between the anchor and the concrete support shell is carried out by a chemical reaction. The advantage is that the concrete support shell does not produce compressive stresses. The fact is that the quality of the connection between the concrete bearing wall and the anchor cannot be checked from the outside of the prefabricated wall element.

Another solution is to cut the weather shell at two or more locations and to attach the beam or something similar to the concrete support shell through the through hole thus formed, for example by means of dowels and conventional fastening elements. The disadvantage is that the work position is very demanding and costly and that the cutout or recess in the weather shell must be pre-arranged. It is understood that the term or recess must be covered. In addition, considerable problems arise with the weather shells which they have cracks or cracks, because the areas with cracks are supported by bottom consoles with naoo beams.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is to provide a method of anchoring two mutually parallel slabs, in particular a weather shell and a concrete bearing shell, which, with simple equipment and simple execution, has a high degree of operational safety and guarantees certain anchoring of both slabs.

It is a further object of the invention to provide a drill guiding device especially for this purpose which is simple to use and rationally mountable. The object is also to provide fastening means for supporting and anchoring two building elements, preferably two boards which are simple in construction, and they are easy to use and reliable.

As regards the method, the object is solved by providing at least two angled sets of bores to each other in the first outer and second inner plates, that the first bore of the first plate is made with a larger diameter than the second bore in the second plate, a pin is fixedly mounted in the second bore, which projects into the first bore, so that the eccentric chuck is fitted on the pivot and that the chuck is subsequently rotated.

The method according to the invention has a number of considerable advantages. In the method according to the invention, as will be described in more detail below, the pin is anchored in the concrete support shell (second inner plate) by inserting or driving in, no expansion as in the use of anchor occurs, so that low pressure stresses are applied to the concrete support shell. Furthermore, it is possible in the method according to the invention to use pins having a relatively large diameter of 24 mn. The use of the clamping insert according to the invention makes it possible to cause the first and second plates to be engaged by rotating the clamping insert. The method according to the invention makes it possible to arrange any number of combinations of such two sets of bores, so that the anchoring of the two plates can be carried out according to the given proportions.

The method according to the invention is feasible with particularly advantageous costs, since the individual bolts (anchoring elements) have a high degree of strength. Only a limited number of bore sets have to be performed.

The method according to the invention is not suitable only for the punching of existing prefabricated wall elements, it can also be used to a great extent in the production of new wall elements so that the two plates are securely joined together at the production stage.

Preferably, in a first operation, a first bore is provided with a jig comprising a first insert in a first plate and then a second bore in a second operation using a second insert into a second plate. the use of an auxiliary device with corresponding inserts provides precise alignment and guidance of the wreckage so that even trained workers can use the method according to the invention flawlessly.

It is particularly advantageous if the center axes of the borehole assembly are in a horizontal plane. This provides a stable silo ratio, despite the advantages in making the borehole assembly, which prevents both concrete slabs from tapping relative to each other and uneven distribution of forces when clamping the clamping plate. This is when the center axes of the borehole sets are always inclined by the same deflection to the plane of the plates. This simplifies the fabrication first because both boreholes can be made by using an auxiliary device, the auxiliary device only being treated.

To increase the clamping effect of the clamping insert, it may be particularly advantageous if the center axes are first and second bores;

The two bores are thus eccentric to each other, so that when the clamping insert is clamped, the externality of the two center axes is drilled to the eccentricity of the clamping insert.

The offset of the center axes of the two bores is preferably carried out in the vertical direction, since this increases the force component of the clamping insert acting upon its upward rotation.

According to the invention, an insulating layer can be inserted between the two plates, the first outer bore also extending through the insulating layer.

As regards the drill guide, the task is solved by a cylindrical guide tube into which the first cylindrical insert, which is provided with a centric hole adapted to the diameter of the drill, and the second cylindrical insert, which is provided with an eccentric hole adapted to the diameter of the second drill .

The device according to the invention is characterized by a number of considerable advantages. The cylindrical guide tube allows the fitting of two bushes for guiding both drill bits creating both differently sized bores. Thus, the operator can position the device at the desired location and subsequently make the two holes exactly aligned with each other. The cylindrical bushings ensure that the drill is guided without drilling.

The guide tube is preferably positioned on the carrier and inclined at an angle to the plane of the plates. For example, the carrier may be provided as a guide, the carrier may be anchored on additional holding and fixation devices so that the fixture can slide easily in a relatively large first plate so a uniform arrangement of boreholes is produced.

It is suitable to provide the first and second sleeves as well as the guide tube with an anti-torsion lock so that the eccentric second sleeve is held precisely.

It is particularly advantageous if the anti-rotation lock axially from the prion of the slot in the voaaoa truece is multiplied on the belt and by the spring clips which pass through the transverse slot and the flattening. This embodiment is particularly cost effective because the approximate securing of longitudinal and rotational mobility of the sleeves • J is sufficient.

The object was to fasten and mutually anchor two, why not a colossal construction element, a cylindrical reel, a flail in a cap shape, which is provided with an eccentric aura.Jep 30 is preferably made of stainless steel as well as a clamping sleeve. At the same time, the clamping sleeve has a sufficient outer pivot to seize in the bore of the outer first plate.

Advantageously, the chuck has at its free end a flute oro iber tool, for example a polygonal profile for inserting a conventional nut or other tool.

To prevent loosening of the chuck's merits after some time, it is advantageous if it has a pivot lock. This pivot lock can also be part of a separate locking element which is mounted on the chuck and which, for example, can be engaged with the surface for The locking element can be designed as a plate which at the same time serves to cover and seal the set of bores and the clamping sleeve.

It may furthermore be advantageous to use a special hammering tool which does not damage the pin and / or the clamping sleeve to hammer the pin and / or the collet.

A particularly advantageous arrangement of the fastening element according to the invention is obtained in that the hole in the clamping sleeve extends as far as the stop collar, which limits the clamping sleeve to its remote from the pin and when the stop collar has a through hole coaxial with the hole. axially in the direction of the second plate,! when the clamping sleeve is already mounted. This can ensure that the clamping sleeve is hammered so deep that

The tuft of the securing against rotation of the clamping sleeve is advantageous when considering a bolt or a pin that passes through the clamping sleeve obliquely and extends into the first plate. garlic is not oro this oríoad necessary.

In the following, the invention will be described by way of example with reference to the drawing.

Giant. 1 bororys of a preparation according to the invention with a guide tube, Fig. 2 a plan view with a part of the stony element shown in dew and a composition shown in oor.1, Fig. 5 cool in cross-section similar to FIG. 2, showing the arrangement for carrying out the second bore in a bottom view, Fig. 4 3 is a side view of the arrangement for FIG. Fig. 5 schematic sectional plan view of two finished bore sets Fig. 3 A bottom view, similar to that of FIG. 3, of the fastener mounting arrangement, Fig. 7 6 is a sectional view along line A - A of FIG. 0 * 3 x · o 4 is a side sectional view, similar to FIG. 4, of the arrangement shown in FIG. 6; Fig. 2 sectional view along line 3-3 of oor.3, oor.12 side view of the arrangement shown in FIG condition, Fig.11 side view of an example of a security element piercing, Fig.12 front view of the locking element of FIG. oor.12 side view of the arrangement shown with reference to FIG. oor. _l 4 front view of the locking element of FIG. 13, Oá> í- · Δ j 10 is a cross-sectional side view analogous to FIG design of the fastening means,

. uo U32ú upanaerno pouzcra z ζζζ. The plan view is analogous to FIG. 2, but in a fashioned embodiment: the sword guards guiding the sharp and correspondingly.

Example · / Invention

Figure 1 shows a side view of an exemplary embodiment of a drill udder device according to the invention. The device has a beam 15, which can be made plate, rod-shaped or in any other way. A guide tube 11 is attached to the beam. 1 and 2 is inclined to the plane of the slabs 1 and 2 to be machined. The first slab 1, relative to the building wall, is an outer slab and forms a weather plate. In the first slab 1 there is an insulating layer 20 which borders a second plate 2, which again forms the inner load-bearing concrete shell.

As shown in FIG. 2, a first sleeve 9 having a central bore 13 can be inserted into the guide tube 11. The orifice drill 12 extends through the central bore 13 and is guided through the first sleeve 9. The bore diameter 13 is correspondingly adapted to the outer diameter of the drill 12.

The guide tube 11 is provided with an anti-torsion lock ΰ which, for example, as shown in FIG. 1, has a protruding braid which fits into the recess on the housing.

As can be seen from FIG. 2, the first drill 12 is provided with a first bore 5 through the plate 1 and is insulated with the layer 20.

FIGS. 3 and 4 show in a bottom or side view a configuration for making a second bore 0 of smaller diameter. For this, a second drill 14a is used which is guided by the second sleeve 10. The second sleeve 10 has a hole 14 which is encentr: The offset is, for example, 1.3 mm to 2 mm at a diameter of the second bore 5 of 24 mm.

-j- »v- v« _i paír 2.32 »30U3 The VVVit will always indicate 5 from the first spout and the second

The two sets of bores 3 and 4 are arranged in a common horizontal plane, but inclined x to the plates 1/2, as can be seen from the plan view of FIG. Since the exoentric rooting of the bore 5 and 6 is carried out in the vertical direction, it is not evident in Fig. 5, similar to Jaxo in Fig. 3.

Fig. 6 shows a view of the bore assembly analogous to Fig. 3, showing a pin 7 that can be tightly inserted into the second bore G. as shown in Fig. 10. At the free end of the pin 7. It has a tax distance that extends into the second bore 13, the cylindrical chuck 3 is fitted. The photo has a tool mounting surface 17, for example in the shape of a cog. Jax shows a cross-sectional view of FIG. its outer contour, so that by turning the collet t1, the pin T is clamped by the collet ¢ 3 with the plate i.

Figures 3 and 9 show the figures of Figures 6 and 7 in a 90 ° offset view, with the displacements of the central axes of the bores 5 and 6 being particularly noticeable once more. Furthermore, the eccentricity of the opening 23 of the chuck 8 is particularly well visible.

Figure 10 shows the assembled state of the pin T and of the collet 8, with the collet 13 not yet rotated, as seen from the line 21 position. Figure 13 shows the rotated tensioned state of the collar 11, in which the first plate is biased or moved up.

Figures 11 and 12 show a plate-shaped locking element 13 which is provided with a rib 22 to ^{32 22} to plant surface for engaging tools / groove / 17..Pojistný element 13 has anti-rotation lock 19 that can be configured as a bore, into which Fig. 13 shows a locked state in which the locking element 13 and hence the clamping sleeve o is rotated 90 ° relative to Figs. 10 to 12. The clamping sleeve 3 can be rotated by a maximum of 130, whereby the clamping bore 5 assumes all the load of the first plate (weather shells). The clamping of the sleeve also engages the pin 7 in the first bore 5, so that it is fixed also in the vertical direction.

15 and 15 show a slightly changed shape of the fastener according to the invention. In this case, it is still on the clamping sleeve 3.

the projected stop collar 24, which limits the bore 23 a and facing away from the pin 2 ' ^o P ^and through through bores 25 coaxial with the bore 25 and hence the pin 7, is large enough that even after insertion of the collet 3 into the of the plate 1, the bolt T can be further moved in the direction of the plate 2 by means of a hammering tool when the clamping sleeve is not yet aligned with the outer surface of the plate 1. The anti-rotation lock 19j;

is realized by screw

25, which passes through the inclined hole 27 of the collet 6 and is screwed into the plate 7.

The invention thus makes it possible to fix the first plate to the second plate in a simple manner, and the invention is applicable to both repair and restoration purposes and to new production. It is easy to check whether the pin 7 has been completely inserted into the bore 6. ^{At the same time} , the device according to the invention guarantees the correct execution of the bore sets 3 and it is certain that the bores have exact, predetermined depth.

In Fig. 17, in contrast to Fig. 2, a slightly altered shape of the anti-torsion lock 16 between the sleeves S and 10 and the respective guide tube 11 is shown. The anti-torsion lock 16 is formed by one cross section of the guide tube 11a. 9 and 10 and a spring clip 16c which is inserted into the cross-section 16a when the sleeves 2 ^and 10 are inserted into the guide tube 11. It then has to lie on the flattening 16b and secures the sleeves 9 against rotation 10 but also against axial displacement 11.

Furthermore, it can be seen from FIG. 17 that the device according to the invention, on the beam 15, must be fixed to the plate 1 by screws 26 and dowels 25 before the method of operation according to the invention can be started.

The invention is not limited to the example of use shown, but variations and modifications are possible within the scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. A method for anchoring two parallel plates, in particular a weather shell and an oston support shell, characterized in that at least two angularly inclined sets of bores (3,4) are inserted into the first outer (1) and the second, inner (2) of the plate, that the first bore (5) in the first plate (1) is made larger in diameter than the second bore (6) in the second plate (2), that a pin (7) extending into the first bore is firmly inserted into the second bore (5), that an eccentric clamping sleeve (8) adjoining the first bore (5) is mounted on the pin (7) and that the clamping sleeve (8) is subsequently rotated. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the first working operation is carried out by means of a jig comprising a first sleeve (9), a first bore (5), a first plate (1) and subsequently a drilled bore (6) in a second working operation. by means of a second housing (10), into a second plate (2). Method according to either of Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the central axes of the borehole assembly (3,4) are arranged in a horizontal plane. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the central axes of the bore assembly (3, 4) are inclined at the same angle to the planes of the plates (1, 2). Method according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the central axes of the first (5) and second (6) bores are offset parallel to each other in a horizontal plane. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the offset of the central axes is vertical. by Method according to one of Claims 1 to S, characterized in that the clamping sleeve (8) is rotated such that it is applied to the crop plate (1) by a force in the direction of the nanor. Method according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that an insulating plate (20) is arranged between the first (1) and the second plate (2), the first bore (5) passing through the insulating plate (2). 20 /. Drill guide device, in particular for carrying out a method of operation according to one of Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first cylindrical sleeve (9), which is provided with an a hole (12) adapted to the diameter of the first drill (12) as well as a second cylindrical sleeve (10), which is provided with a hole (14) adapted to the diameter of the second drill (14a). Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the guide tube (11) is mounted on the beam (15) and is inclined at an angle to the plane of the plates (1, 2). Apparatus according to claims 9 or 10, characterized in that the first (9) and second (10) housings as well as the guide tube (11) are each provided with a rotation lock (16). Device according to claim 11, characterized in that the anti-torsion device (16) axially locks the housing (9, 10) in the respective guide tube (11). Device according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the anti-torsion device (16a) comprises a cross-section (15a) in the guide tube (11), a flattening (16b) on the circumference of the housing (9, 10) and a spring clip (16c) which passes through the cross-section (16a) and abuts the flattening (16b). 1, two names, preferably 1 to 3, a fastening means for disabling each of the ten construction elements (1, 2) as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it comprises a cylindrical pin (7), cylindrical a cap-shaped sleeve (3) which can be rotatably mounted on a pin (7) and which has an eccentric hole (23). The fastening device according to claim 14, characterized in that the bolt (7) is made of stainless steel. Fastening means according to Claim 14 or 15, characterized in that the clamping sleeve (3) is made of stainless steel. Fastening means according to one of Claims 14 to 16, characterized in that the clamping sleeve (8) has a tool engagement surface (17) at its free end. Fixing means according to one of the claims 14 to 17, characterized in that the clamping sleeve (8) has a rotary lock (19). Fixing means according to claim 17, characterized in that it comprises a locking element (13) having a rotation lock (19) and which engages in the engagement surface of the tool (17). Fastening means according to claim 19, characterized in that the locking element (13) is in the form of a cover plate. Fastening element according to one of Claims 14 to 17, characterized in that the hole (23) in the clamping sleeve (8) extends up to x the stop collar (24), which delimits the end face of the clamping sleeve (8) on the side facing away from pin / 7 /. Clamping element according to claim 21, characterized in that the stop collar (24) has a through bore (25) xoaxial with the hole (23). Fastening element according to Claim 13, characterized in that, as a torsion lock (19)