CZ2017112A3 - A powder circulation ammonium nitrate industrial explosive - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a free-flowing ammoniacal industrial explosive which contains trimethylolpropane trinitrate as a sensitizing energy component, or a mixture of trimethylolpropane trinitrate with aluminum and 0% TNT.

Description

Loose circulating ammonite industrial explosive

Field of technology

The invention relates to a bulk circulating ammonia industrial explosive.

Prior art

At present, TNT is mainly used as a sensitizing energy additive for the production of bulk circulating ammonia explosives. TNT is toxic and its price is still rising. The toxicity of TNT is manifested mainly in its production and processing into industrial explosives and is the cause of occupational diseases. The production and use of TNT also has a burden on the environment, as production produces waste water (so-called red water) which contains colored lower nitro derivatives of toluene, which are toxic, and some of which have also been shown to be carcinogenic. The biodegradability of these derivatives is very difficult and time-consuming, and old productions often have a long-term environmental impact over decades.

From the point of view of the environmental load, the use of explosives with TNT also contaminates groundwater with residues of TNT and its derivatives, and in the event of failures, there is a potential intoxication of workers in mines and quarries. Post-explosive fumes of such explosives also contain a small amount of detectable TNT, which is a disadvantage especially in mine closed systems where explosives containing TNT are used (these are mines without the risk of explosion of dust-air and gas-air mixtures).

Aluminum is a well-known component of explosives with a higher working capacity, but at the same time in industrial explosives it also serves as a sensitizing additive for ammonium nitrate as the main component of the explosive.

Other, theoretically applicable, sensitizing energy additives for bulk industrial explosives are the use of substances such as hexogen, pentrite or octogen and mixtures thereof with TNT. However, these substances are used exceptionally due to their high price compared to TNT and also their high sensitivity to mechanical ones

PV 2017-112

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- 2 stimuli, which is their main obstacle to the use of these substances in the circulating technology used for the production of bulk ammonia explosives.

The object of the invention is to eliminate or at least reduce the disadvantages of the prior art and, if possible, to replace the TNT content in bulk circulating ammonia explosives by a non-toxic substance while maintaining the processing and utility properties of circulating bulk ammonia explosives.

The essence of the invention

The object of the invention is achieved by a loose circulating ammonium explosive, the essence of which lies in the fact that it contains trimethylolpropane trinitrate or a mixture of trimethylolpropane trinitrate with aluminum and 0% TNT as a sensitizing energy component.

The explosive according to the invention retains the useful properties of the existing circulating ammonia industrial explosives, while the production of TMPTN is very light on the environment in comparison with the production of TNT. From an economic point of view, the production of TMPTN in large quantities for the needs of industrial explosives is cheaper than the production of TNT, because TMPTN is a one-step process that does not require any difficult purification steps, as is required in the production of TNT. The waste acid in the production of TMPTN does not contain any toxic substances after thermal stabilization and can be easily used, for example, for the production of fertilizers. It is not necessary to use a nitration mixture in the production of TMPTN and therefore the regeneration of the acid is less energy-intensive and therefore low-cost in all respects and only minimally burdensome for the environment. The basic raw material for the production of TMPTN, trimethylol propane, is now one of the most common crosslinkers in the production of plastics, and therefore the starting material is readily available and essentially the cheapest of all pentaerythritol derivatives.

TPMTN is a colorless crystalline substance insoluble in water. CAS 292192-8, general formula C6H11N3O9, molecular weight 269.4 g.mol- ¹ , density 1.50 g.cnr ³ , oxygen balance - 50.5%, volume of explosive products 1009 l / kg, ^ 6 melting point 51 ° C, detonation velocity 6440 ms' ¹ (at a density of 1.48 g.cnr ³ in the seal), bulge in the Trauzl block 415 cm ³ . Synonyms: propylidenetrimethyl trinitrate, propatyl nitrate, Etrynit, ETTN, Ettriol trinitrate.

PVW7-112

3/1/2017

The TPMTN formula is:

O O- ^N - ^; O

Examples of embodiments of the invention

The invention is based on the fact that the free-flowing circulating ammonia explosive has the sensitizing energy component TNT completely replaced by trimethylolpropane trinitrate (hereinafter referred to as TMPTN) or a combination of TMPTN / Al (aluminum). The proportion of trimethylolpropane trinitrate (TMPTN) or TMPTN / Al (aluminum) combination in the total mixture is in the range from 0.01% by weight (to 40% by weight). ⁷ is preferably in the range from 2% by weight to 20% by weight in the resulting mixture

M / · toxic TNT content 0%, as it does not contain any TNT.

The following tables show exemplary compositions and test results of ammonium circulating industrial explosives in which the content of TNT as a sensitizing energy component has been completely replaced by the content of TMPTN or a mixture of TMPTN with aluminum (AI).

Claims (3)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Bulk circulating ammoniacal industrial explosive, characterized in that it contains trimethylolpropane trinitrate or a mixture of trimethylolpropane trinitrate with aluminum and 0% TNT as a sensitizing energy component. __ 'Ito H. / O / 2. Bulk circulating ammonium industrial explosive according to claim 1, characterized in that the proportion of trimethylolpropane trinitrate or its mixture with aluminum in the total explosive composition is in the range from 0.01% by weight to 40% w / w. A bulk circulating ammonite industrial explosive according to claim 2, characterized in that the proportion of trimethylolpropane trinitrate or its mixture with aluminum in the total explosive composition is in the range from 2% by weight to 20% by weight.