CZ2016392A3 - A device for deep application of organic matter into a stem belt of permanent vegetation - Google Patents

Description

Technical field

The present invention relates to a new construction of a device for the deep application of organic matter in the area of a permanent-grass belt, including the method of its dosing and incorporation

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In the area of permanent crops, fertilization with organic fertilizers is characterized by a large volume of applied materials and high energy consumption. At the same time, permanent crop growers are addressing the lack of a suitable assortment of organic fertilizer spreaders, as standard spreaders intended for crop production cannot be used in the prevailing medium and wide staples of permanent crops. The need to apply higher doses of organic matter is due to the need to improve the physical properties of soils. The application of organic matter to the area of the trunk belt, in which the root system of bushes and trees is distributed, is essential for growth and crop yield. Different types of organic matter can be applied, compost application is the most important. The currently used methods of application are limited to surface application in the entire intermediate space. Exceptionally, a lateral application of organic matter directed to the surface of the belt is encountered, where the possibility of incorporation is complicated.

US 20120074246 A1 discloses the principle of lateral application of fertilizer by means of a drum rotor with blades with air support, during which the fertilizer is directed to the surface of the land by means of an adjustable orifice during application. The construction of this tractor trailer spreader consists of a base frame on a wheeled chassis, a hopper with a sliding bottom is mounted on the frame. The fertilizer is fed from the hopper through the hopper to the drum rotor. Dose regulation is performed by adjusting the speed of movement of the sliding floor.

Another patent document RU 2080040 discloses a solution of an organic material spreader with a drum spreading device which dispenses the material into a pair of channels directed towards the soil surface. The width of the fertilizer belt is adjusted by the control plate in each of the channels. Dose regulation is provided by a sliding front in the rear of the container.

A major disadvantage of the two devices described in the patent documents is the application of the fertilizer to the space of the inter-row or wall-belt without incorporation.

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For lateral application of organic fertilizers, constructions of disc spreaders with disc spreaders are known. The spreading disc with the milling vanes forms the tip of the hull of the cylindrical profile. The fertilizer is fed to the movable bottom, the spreading disc rotates around the horizontal axis and, using the vanes, pulls the fertilizer to the side. The fertilizer is rectified by a positionable channel.

Other lateral spreaders for organic material application typically use one of the types of attachments located at the rear of the moving bottom spreader hopper. These are tractor-mounted spreaders with 1 - 2 axle wheel suspension.

The first solution is a pair of horizontal milling rollers in combination with a cross conveyor belt. The rollers disintegrate the organic matter, bringing it to the conveyor, by which it is moved laterally to the fertilized rows.

The second solution consists in using an adapter in the form of one or two disc spreaders to a standard spreader. The applied fertilizer is rolled through the sliding bottom through the control orifice and is fed to the surface of the rotating discs provided with vanes. They eject the fertilizer to the side, the direction of movement of the fertilizer is directed by the adjustable cover.

From the point of view of good agricultural practice, the application of organic fertilizers requires precise dosing and timely incorporation. However, to achieve a synergistic effect of applying organic matter, it is not sufficient to apply organic matter to a depth of 100-150 mm, but it is necessary to apply it to depths greater than 200 mm. At present, this effect can only be achieved by a multiple passage associated with plowing the furrow along the fertilized rows, dosing the organic matter into the resulting furrow, and then including it with the soil surface leveling.

However, none of these spreader designs addresses the requirement for deeper application of organic fertilizers and their timely incorporation.

It is an object of the invention to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, namely to provide a device for deep application of organic matter allowing one-time incorporation to the desired depth in the area of the belt, while maintaining the set dose, including including and leveling the soil surface.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The above-mentioned deficiencies are eliminated and the object of the invention is fulfilled by a device for the deep application of organic matter into the crop belt of permanent crops.

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The device for the deep application of organic matter into the crop belt of permanent crops comprises a frame on which the organic matter container with walls inclined to the basin is placed. The frame is provided with an adjustable rake wedge blade to open the furrow, and in the space behind the blade, the frame is provided with means for including the furrow and leveling the soil surface, for example a pair of rollers and leveling discs to include the furrow and leveling the soil surface. The reservoir is provided in the lower third with a agitator, preferably a finger agitator, and a transverse dispensing screw conveyor opening into an outlet opening located above the plow-wedge blade. The discharge orifice is provided for channeling the flow of organic matter by a baffle hopper which opens into a plow-wedge blade.

On the opposite side of the frame than the plow-wedge blade is located, preferably a driving traveling star wheel is connected to the agitator shaft and the worm conveyor shaft by at least one chain transmission. The drive star wheel ensures the drive of the agitator and the screw conveyor. Alternatively, the agitator and the screw conveyor can be driven by a hydraulic motor.

The device according to the invention thus allows the opening of a furrow by means of a plow-wedge coulter, the application of organic matter into the furrow in a single pass, while maintaining a predetermined and preset dose of organic matter, including the furrow formed and leveling the soil by means of inclusion means. risk of clogging. The adjustable attachment blade allows you to select the furrow depth and the incorporation depth of the organic matter as desired, for example in the range of 0.25 to 0.35 m. The adjustable attachment can be done, for example, by screws but also by other known methods. For example, the organic matter may be compost.

The metering screw conveyor driven by the driving travel star wheel allows the required dose to be maintained, and also allows the material to be dispensed with different grain compositions. The agitator then provides a continuous supply of material to the metering screw conveyor. The overall construction of the device allows keeping the required dose even in rugged terrain.

Preferably, the device according to the invention is designed as a tractor mounted machine and the frame is provided with a hinge, in particular a hinge for attachment to the rear three-point linkage of the tractor.

The organic material reservoir is preferably of a prismatic shape with a tub-shaped bottom in which the metering screw conveyor is transversely mounted.

The frame must be strong enough to support all components of the equipment. Preferably it is a steel frame of sufficient strength. One skilled in the art will be able to determine the necessary frame design parameters by conventional methods.

The invention also relates to a method of deeply applying organic matter to a permanent crop belt by means of a device according to the invention in a single passage of the device, which consists in opening the furrow in the permanent crop belt by means of a plow wedge. the agitator and the metering auger feed into the discharge opening and direct the hopper into the rake coulter space and from there into the open furrow, then by means of the furrow inlay and the leveling of the soil surface, e.g. closes.

Advantages of the device and method of application according to the invention are the possibility of feeding material to the furrow floor in the belt, at an adjustable depth, the possibility of changing the depth of the furrow furrowed with regard to soil conditions, immediate incorporation of dosed mass at appropriate depth and leveling the soil.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that this solution allows for a deep application as well as a single application during the passage of the kit through the interchange without the need for further intervention. The device also allows for improved soil tillage by placing a wedge blade in the tractor track area. Together with the application of organic matter, the soil profile is loosened, the root system is regenerated, nutrient intake is enhanced and the absorption conditions are improved.

Clarification of drawings

The construction of one embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown schematically by means of the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional front view of the arrangement of the individual working portions of the device for deep application of organic matter

Giant. 2 shows a top view of the hopper supplemented with a agitator and a dosing auger including a rupture wedge blade with a hopper. · · · · · · · · · · · · · ·

Fig. 3 shows a side view of the arrangement of the individual working parts of the device for deep application of organic matter

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The device for deep application of compost to the permanent belt of the stand shown in Fig. 1. 2 and 3, it is designed as a tractor mounted machine.

On the frame 1 with the hinge 2 a prismatic reservoir 3 of organic matter with a tub-shaped bottom is mounted. The frame design meets the load requirements. The reservoir 3 is supplemented by a finger agitator 4 and in the lower part it has a transverse dispensing screw conveyor 5, which opens into an outlet opening on the right side of the reservoir 3. Drive of the conveyor 5 and agitator 4 is driven by chain drive 7 side of the frame 1. The star wheel 6 is made with a knife edge and completed with a mandrel 8 around the perimeter for reliable engagement.

In order to properly direct the material supplied from the container 3, the mouth of the outlet opening is complemented by a rectifying hopper 8 made of sheet metal, which opens into the space of the plow-wedge blade 9 mounted on the right side of the frame 7. The blade 9, adjustable by means of screws, allows adjustment of the working depth according to the conditions and requirements of the application.

In the space behind the wedge blade 9, a pair of inclusion and leveling discs 10 are mounted on the frame 1 to ensure the inclusion of the furrow and the leveling of the soil surface. Their gripping allows to set the depth and width of engagement of the disc disks according to the requirements of the performed operation.

The device may for example be designed as having a width of 1.45 meters, which allows the passage meziřadím permanent crops with a minimum width of 2.0 m. The container may then for example have a volume of 1.2 m ³ with walls sloped vanovitému to its bottom.

As a variant, the shape and size of the container 3, the screw drive 5, the gear ratio (dosing) and the type of conveying elements can be solved in the device.

Industrial applicability

The device according to the invention can be used in particular for the deep application of organic matter, in particular compost, or other kinds of organic materials. It allows one-time incorporation of the material to the required depth in the area of the permanent grassland belt, while maintaining the set dose including the inclusion and leveling of the soil surface.

Claims (8)

PATENT CLAIMS Apparatus for deep application of organic matter to a permanent grassland belt comprising a frame (1) on which an organic matter container (3) with walls sloping down to the canister bottom is supported, characterized in that the frame is further provided with a plow-wedge blade (9). ) and in the space behind the coulter (9) the frame is provided with disc disks (10) and a container (3), which is provided in the lower third with a agitator (4), preferably a finger agitator, and in the tub bottom of the container (3) by means of a screw conveyor (5) opening into an outlet opening located above the plow-wedge blade (9), provided with a rectifying hopper (8) opening into the plow-wedge blade (9). Device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is designed as a tractor mounted machine and the frame (1) is provided with a hinge (2), preferably a hinge (2) for attachment to the rear three-point linkage of the tractor. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the plow-wedge blade (9) is located in the region of the track of the tractor. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the plow-wedge blade (9) is fixedly adjustable to the frame (1). Device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the container (3) is of prismatic shape with a tub-shaped bottom in which the dosing screw conveyor (5) is arranged. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the means (10) for including the furrow and the leveling of the soil surface are a pair of inclusion and leveling discs (10) for covering the furrow and the leveling of the soil surface. Apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a driving traveling star wheel (6) connected to the agitator shaft (4) and the worm conveyor shaft (5) is disposed on the opposite side of the frame than the plow-wedge blade (9). by at least one chain transmission (7). Device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that it is further provided with a hydraulic motor for driving the metering screw conveyor (5) and the agitator (4). I know the relationship signs / 4 - cechrac 5 - dosing screw conveyor 6 - driving star wheel 7 - Polyfloor ions and wedge plowers 0-plate disc