CZ20022958A3 - Simultaneous determination of multiphase flow rates and concentrations - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method and a device for measuring volume flow rates of liquid phase components and gas and determination their volume concentrations in a multiphase mixture along a pipeline. Measurements are executed with an ultrasonic system which includes a set of local acoustic transducers arranged in the interior of the pipeline. Each pair of an emitter and a receiver of the transducer forms a sampling volume of a medium being under control. Volume concentrations of mixture components are determined by timing of passage of acoustic pulses through the sampling volume of the medium. Volume flow rates of the mixture components are calculated by measuring phase velocities and volume concentrations in two pipeline divisions with different cross-section areas located in series at a distance one from the other in flow direction.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a method and apparatus for determining the volumetric flow rates and volumetric concentrations of the liquid and gaseous phase components in multiphase liquid-gas mixtures, such as oil wells composed of oil, water and gas. In particular, the invention relates to such a method and such a device according to the preamble of claims 1 and 2, respectively. 15 Dec

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The effluent flowing through the oil well line is a wise-phase mixture of oil, water and gas. Accurate and simultaneous measurement of flow rates and volumetric concentrations of mixture components is important to control well operation.

Current methods and devices for measuring these flow properties require preliminary gas separation in special separators which are installed in metering facilities in the oil field. This leads to significant capital expenditure when making such measurements.

Techniques for measuring said multiphase flow properties without prior gas phase separation are also known. These methods and devices are based on different physical principles: the difference in density and electromagnetic properties of the components, the interaction by gamma rays and ultrasonic waves, and others.

RU-C-2138023 discloses a method and apparatus according to the preamble of claims 1 and 2, respectively. 15. At one point in the pipe through which it passes

-2 Modified sheet ·· ··· φφ * · • · φφ *

φ • φ · φ ·· • · φ · φ · φφ

A constant flow rate multiphase mixture, in this prior art, the acoustic conductivity of the mixture is measured when transmitting acoustic pulses by a controlled volume of the mixture through the sensor and counting these pulses when received by the receiver, with the ratio of transmitted and received pulses representing the amount of phase of this mixture. In addition, at each of the two locations, the time of the pulse through the controlled volume is measured, said time being correlated with the time obtained from the second location, and then used in combination with the distance between said locations to calculate the velocity. During equipment calibration, using pure oil and pure water, the pulse throughput rate is measured and used in combination with the actual (in situ) throughput time, indicated by the phase quantity ratio, the indicated velocity and the pipe cross-section value, for calculation of actual gas, oil and water flow rates.

European Patent A 0 684 458 discloses a flow meter wherein the conduit comprises two constrictions, each of which produces a change in flow rate relative to the flow rate at locations just prior to each constriction or in each constriction. The pressure difference between the points is measured for each constriction. The volume V value between the constrictions must be determined in advance. By using the pressure difference and volume V signals, the total volumetric flow rate can be determined. By measuring the static pressure difference, a first approximation of the density p of the mixture can be determined. Another device is used to generate one or more indications of the composition of the wolf phase mixture. When given density p _Ol P _W, P ₉ components vlcefázové mixture determined flow rates of phases. With this prior art flowmeter, the velocity itself is not measured at the locations where the velocities of the mixtures have changed, i.e. in each constriction. Even at places some distance from this narrowing, speed is not measured. Instead, the pressure difference in each constriction must be measured to determine the length of time the mixture flows from

-3Edited sheet of one constriction to the other constriction. From this time and from the known distance between the constrictions, the velocity is calculated.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,287,752 discloses an apparatus for determining the flow rates of multiphase fluids by means of a set of capacitors disposed on two parallel plates arranged within a horizontal or inclined conduit parallel to the flow direction. To determine the water / oil volume ratio and the cross-section of the pipe, include! the liquid phase, the impedance of the medium placed at the moment in the measuring cells of all the basic capacitors is measured. The velocity of the liquid phase is determined by measuring and correlating the impedance of the basic capacitors embedded in a matrix array located in a section of the cross-section containing the capacitors. liquid phase. The gas velocity is determined by measuring the passage time of the structural deformation of the flow at the top of the pipe. The volumetric flow rates of the phases are determined by taking into account portions of the pipeline cross section containing the liquid and gaseous phases of the flow.

The proposed method has a limited field of application since it can only be effectively used in an intermittent flow mode. In addition, the type of emulsion and dispersion of the components are not taken into account in this process.

U.S. Pat. No. 5,367,911 discloses an apparatus for sensing the behavior of a liquid in a pipeline that can be used as a flow meter. The measuring device comprises at least two sensors arranged in a pipeline, one downstream of the other. Sensors may include acoustic sensors or electrical conductivity (or resistance) sensors. Each sensor generates an output data signal indicating the measured physical property of the medium flowing in the respective sample volumes. The output signals are processed in the circuit and correlated. Since the distance between the sensors is known, the flow rate is calculated.

-4Edited sheet

However, the authors of this patent do not take into account that the gaseous phase moves relative to the liquid phase in the multiphase flow rates.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a method and apparatus for determining the volumetric flow rates of components of multiphase mixtures in a portion of a pipeline without prior gas separation.

The present invention provides for the measurement of the volumetric concentrations of the components of the multiphase mixtures in a portion of a pipeline.

The invention also provides a method and apparatus for measuring the aforementioned properties of a multiphase medium with different types of flow.

The invention provides reliable data on measured properties of discharges with different gas inclusion sizes.

In addition, the invention ensures the compactness of the device and its easy transferability.

The aforementioned features are achieved by a method for determining the volumetric flow rates of liquid and gaseous components of a multiphase mixture flowing through a conduit, whereby the flow measuring device installed in the conduit comprises two conduit sections, also known as conduit sections, in the flow direction, and having different flow cross-sectional areas: F ₂ = k F! (average D ₂ = Di \ 'k) k * 1.

When k is 0,50.5, the change in flow cross-sectional area causes a significant change in the velocity of the liquid phase and correspondingly the actual velocity of the vapor phase in the pipe measuring sections (iv _ft1 <vv _{fl 2} ),

Fcfc fcfc fcfctfc fcfcfc fcfc fcfc fcfc fcfc fcfc fcfc ··

-5 the φ concentration of the gas in the mixture is insignificant. Analysis of the flow model calculation of the mixture made it possible to derive a formula to determine the volumetric flow rate of the liquid phase for the wavelength flow passing through the flow phase. calibrated pipe sections:

Q / = (k / 1 - k) F 1 [w _g , 2 (1- Φ2) - w _g , i (1 - φι) 3

The gas flow rate is determined by the following formula:

Qg = F iVgJ. 1 = F2 Wg, 2. ψ2

Actual gas phase velocities w _fl , volumetric concentrations φ of gas, volumetric concentrations of liquid components such as water W and oil (1-W) in calibrated piping sections are determined by ultrasonic scanning of sample volumes in multiphase flow through a set of sensors arranged in piping measuring sections along the radius of the flow cross section. These sensors serve as transmitters and receivers of acoustic signals in sample volumes.

The values obtained for the local properties of the phase flow were then averaged over the cross-sectional areas of the pipe measuring sections.

The actual gas velocity is measured by correlating the sensor signals with each other or by the Doppler method.

The measurement of the gas volume concentration is performed by indicating the acoustic conductivity of the sample volumes of the medium.

The ultrasonic measurement of the bulk concentration of the liquid phase components is based on determining the passage time of the acoustic pulses through the sample volume, since it has been found that in a fluid such as a water / oil mixture the signal transit time depends almost linearly on the volume concentration ratio of these components. emulsion.

Said features are also produced by the device for determining tttttt ttttttt in ttttttttttttttttttttttttttttttt • tt tttt tttt tttt

- the volumetric flow rates and volumetric concentrations of the liquid and gaseous components of the liquid-gas mixture flowing through the conduit, which comprises a flow measuring cell installed in the conduit. This flow measuring cell comprises two pipe sections arranged in a row in the flow direction and having a plurality of conduits. different cross-sectional areas: F ₂ = k Fi (diameter D2 - Di Vk) k? 1.

The change in flow cross-sectional area (when k 0,50.5) causes a significant change in the liquid phase velocity and the actual velocity of the gas phase in the pipeline measurement sections (%, i <w _g2 ), while the relative velocity of the gas inclusion mixture is insignificant. The volumetric flow rate of the liquid phase is determined by the product of the actual velocity w _{g of the} gaseous phase of the pipe section containing the liquid phase (1 - φ ₁ ) in the first and second pipe sections:

Q, = (k / 1-k) F, [w _{and> 2} (1- φζ) -w _ft i (1- q> i)]

The gas volumetric flow rate is determined by the following formula: Qfl ⁼ Fi Wgj. φι = F ₂ w _{ft 2} . (p2

The actual gas phase velocities w ₉ , volume concentrations φ of gas, volume concentrations of liquid components such as water W and oil (1-W) in calibrated piping sections are determined by ultrasonic sensing of local multiphase flow volumes by a set of sensors arranged in the piping measuring sections along radius of flow cross section.

The operating principle of the local gas velocity meter is based on determining the correlation of the signal amplitude function of the acoustic conductivity sensor. Two sensors are located at a fixed distance, where one is inserted | ι> «V ·« # # # # # # # • # # # # #

· · A a a a a a · · a a a a a a

-7Before the other, upstream. The acoustic sensor consists of a transmitter and receiver of ultrasonic pulses, creating an acoustic representation of the sample volume. The transducer can be used as a transmitter and receiver of reflected signals in transmit-receive mode.

The electroacoustic channel of this meter operates as follows; The voltage pulses from the pulse generator come to the transmitter, where they are converted to ultrasonic pulses. After passing through the sample volume, they are received by the receiver, further converted into voltage pulses, amplified and sent to the peak value detector input, which is controlled by the pulse pulses. Select the pulses of the statutes! The time interval during which signal reception is expected. The voltage at the peak detector input is proportional to the amplitude of the received signal and is determined by the loss of acoustic energy in the sample volume of the sensor. The output signals of the peak value detectors come! to the calculator that sets! correlation or autocorrelation function (in the case of a sensor) and calculates the actual local velocity of the gas phase or the gas-free liquid phase.

In addition to this explained principle, a Doppler method for measurement can be used! the local velocities of the gas phase by sensing the medium with ultrasonic pulses directed upstream. In this variant, transmitters and receivers are also located in the measuring sections of the pipeline.

The operating principle of the gas meter is based on the indication of the acoustic conductivity of the sample volume. The signal from the voltage pulse generator is sent to a transmitter consisting of a transmitter and a waveguide. After the conversion, the acoustic pulses reach the sampling volume through the waveguide, pass through this volume and receive the waveguide into the transmitter, where they are converted into a voltage signal, which after amplification comes to the peak value detector. The pulse former will open the peak value detector at some • 99 · 9 Β 99 99 9 * • Β 9999 * β 9 9

999 99 99 99 99

9 99 «999999

099 99 99 99 9999

-8 time while the incoming signal is expected. An output signal proportional to the amplitude of the received signal comes from the peak value detector to a comparator which compares the output signal of the peak value detector to the resolution level determined by the resolution level generator. The output signal of the comparator comes to a calculator which determines the volume content of gas in the medium, as a ratio of the time of gas phase presence in the sample volume to the total measurement time.

The principle of operation of the ultrasonic volume concentration meter of liquid components is based on the determination of the transit time of the ultrasonic pulses in the phase-flow, since it has been found that in the liquid phase, such as a mixture of water and oil, it depends. signal passage time practically linearly on the ratio of volume concentrations of liquid components, regardless of emulsion type. Choose the distance between the transmitter and receiver! so as to prevent the penetration of large inlduzf gas of a size greater than 1 mm. The voltage pulses from the generator are transmitted to an ultrasonic transmitter that generates acoustic pulses. The acoustic pulses pass through the sample volume, are received by the receiver and are converted into a voltage signal which is amplified and sent to the comparator while being selected (strobed). The comparator opens for some time, while signal reception is expected with the help of a pulse generator that provides high interference immunity to this scheme. Simultaneously, with the generation of the transmit pulses, a pulse duration generating scheme is activated. This scheme is stopped by the signal coming from the comparator output. Thus, the duration of the output signal is equal to the time of passage of the ultrasonic signal from the transmitter to the receiver. Then, the pulse is converted into signal amplitude and entered into a calculator which determines the volume concentration of the liquid phase components.

The processor operating according to the specified programs controls the operation of the local flow rate meters w _g1 , νν _α2 , φ _{1 (} <p ₂ , W, averages the following) · 4 ΦΦΦ 4 «ΦΦ ···· Φ Φ · «φ · ΦΦ · Φ · Φ ·

Φ · φφφ «ΦΦΦ« Φ «ΦΦ ΦΦ Φ Φ · ΦΦΦΦ

-9 parameters across cross-sections of piping measurement sections and calculates the volumetric flow rates of the liquid and gaseous phase components.

Overview of the drawings

The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the drawing, in which Figures 1a, 1b show the arrangement of a device for determining the wavelength flow rate proposed in the present invention, Figure 2 shows a block diagram of a local gas phase velocity meter for a sensor sequential positioning variant; Fig. 3 shows a voltage diagram of the signal processed in the block diagram shown in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 shows a typical cross-correlation function for peak signal detector output signals; and Fig. 5 is a block diagram of a local gas phase velocity meter. for a variant of transducers arranged in series in the "transmit-receive" mode, Fig. 6 shows a signal voltage diagram processed in the block diagram shown in Fig. 5; Fig. 7 shows a block diagram of a local gas phase velocity meter operating with by a pair of sensors in autocorre creation mode Figure 8 shows a typical autocorrelation function for peak signal detector output signals; Figure 9 shows a block diagram of a local gaseous phase velocity meter operating with one transducer in "transmit-receive" mode; Fig. 11 shows the shape of the autocorrelation function of the output signal of the peak value detector in a variant using one sensor; Fig. 12 shows a block diagram of an ultrasonic Doppler meter of the local gas phase velocity 13 shows a typical signal shape in a block diagram of an ultrasonic Doppler speed meter shown in FIG.

9999 • 0 · ··

0 • 0 • 9

9 99 99 9 * 9 * *

9 9 · «9 9 ·

999

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-10im. 12, FIG. 14 shows a second variant of a block diagram of an ultrasonic Doppler meter for measuring the local velocity of the gas phase; FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a gas meter in a multiphase mixture; FIG. 17 is a diagram of a signal processed in a block diagram of a gas meter; FIG. 18 is a block diagram of a gas meter in a multiphase mixture; 19 is a block diagram of an ultrasonic liquid concentration volumetric meter; FIG. 20 is a signal voltage waveform processed in a block diagram for measuring liquid phase volumetric concentrations; FIG. a variant of a block diagram of an ultrasonic liquid concentration meter, and FIG. 22 is a signal voltage diagram for a second variant of the liquid component volume meter block diagram.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The arrangement of the flow cell of a device for determining the volumetric flow rates of liquid and gaseous components in a multiphase mixture is shown in Figures 1a and 1b.

The flow measuring cell is installed in the pipeline by means of flange connections. The flow measuring cell comprises two piping measuring sections 1 and 2 arranged in a row in the flow direction and having different flow cross-sectional areas: F ₂ = kFi (diameter D ₂ = D t t). For Fig. 1, k <1.

Changing the cross-sectional area causes a significant change in the velocity of the liquid phase and the actual velocity of the gaseous phase in the measurement of this.

Pipe sections with flow cross-sectional areas F, and F ₂ . In order to ensure a minimal hydrodynamic flow failure, the transition from the first section to the second section and back to the starting surface F, the flow cross-section of the pipe, is performed by means of the pipe transition sections 3 and 4. Each actual speed meter and gas content meter sensors 5 and 6 comprises a set of sensors located in the measuring sections of the conduit along the radii of these sections. The liquid concentration meter sensor 7 includes a set of sensors positioned in the cavity of the first pipe sections. To speed up the process of changing the viscous medium in the sensor volumes and to remove paraffin deposits, the sensors are equipped with a mechanical cleaning device or electric heaters. The sensors are installed in such a way that they can be removed from the measuring sections of the pipeline, for example for technical maintenance or replacement.

Consider separately the phase-phase flow meters that are part of the device and the computational model of the flow of multiphase mixtures used to determine the volumetric flow rates of the components of the mixture.

A liquid-gas computational model is used to determine the phase flow rates, where gas inclusions of different sizes represent the gas phase. Averaged physical values are used in the equations.

The actual volumetric gas concentration in the ith flow cross-section is:

φι = F _e .i / Fi, (1) where

F | = π / 4 Dj ² is the cross-sectional area of the i-th pipe section,

F _g j = φι. Fi is the cross-sectional area containing the gas.

Since F, = F _gj + F _ti , where F _{Z (i} is the cross-sectional area containing the liquid, we can write equation (1):

<Pi = (1)

W ^r g. Wg.j / W ,, i

4 «4444 • 14 · ···

4 4 * 4

4 · 4 · 4 · 4

4,444 • 4 · • 4,444 «* · *

4 4 4

4 4

4 * 4

4 * 4

4 «4444

-12kde w ^r _g, i »Q _i / F is a reduced velocity of the gas phase in the i-th pipeline divisions, where Q _FTI is a volume flow rate of the gas phase in the i-th pipeline divisions;

w ^r _t i = Q _h 1 Fj is the reduced liquid phase velocity in the i-th section of the pipelines, where Q ie is the volume flow rate of the liquid phase in the i-th section of the pipes;

= Q _and j / F _a , i is the actual gas phase velocity in the i-th section of the pipe, where Q _g , j is the volumetric gas phase velocity in the i-th section of the pipe;

w, j = Q / j / F / i is the actual liquid phase velocity in the i-th pipeline section, where Q is the volume flow rate of the liquid phase in the i-th pipeline section; and

F a - (1 - <Pi) Γ is the cross-sectional area of the i-th pipe section; containing liquid.

Since in addition w = v / _;> , / (1 - φθ and - w _w + Wgj '* ¹ , where the relative velocity of the gaseous phase is in the i-th section of pipelines, we get:

w ^f fl, i + w ,, j + (1- <Pi) w _e , i ^ral

According to experimental data, the relative velocity of the gas bubbles w _α (group hover velocity) is associated with the actual volume concentration by means of the following relation:

/ (1 - Φι) (4) where w «, is the average velocity of a single bubble floating upwards« 9 9 9 999 9 · 9 · 9 999

9 · 9 • 999 ·

9 • 9 99

9 9 9 • 9 9 • 9

-13 in an endless liquid medium.

The actual velocities w _g iaw _a2 in the measuring sections of the piping are associated with the relative velocities as follows:

We.1 = W ,, 1 + Wn * a = w _t2 + νν _α2 ^ (5)

Subtracting the first equation (5) from the second equation (5) yields the following! equation:

W _ft2 -W _ft i = Awn = (W _lt 2 -Wv) + (vV * -Wg.r ·) (6) which can be written in the following form:

Aw _a = v //, 2 / (1 -φζ) - V L /, j / (1 - <pi) + w _fte [1 / (1-93) -1 / (1 - φθ] (7)

Assuming we have the following relation F ₂ = k Fi, where k / 1, and taking into account that in / /, = Q _Al / Fj, we get:

Q / 1-q> i We, 1-q> i

- [----- 1] + - [-1] (8)

F i (1 - φθ k (1 - Φ2) 1 - <Pi 1 <p2 since Q Q /.

From relations (3) and (4) it follows that ^ = νν ^Γ αι / (w ^r & i +) (9)

When the appropriate transformations are performed and considering that Qft QQe, we get:

«9 * 9

-141 / φ = Q 1 + Q // _E + F | / Q _of (10)

By substituting the value Q _B = Fj cpi w _α i, where w _ft i and q> j are the measured values, we get;

1 Q / Wg '

- = 1+ ~ (----- + ---) (11) <Pi <Pi Fj Wg, i V tftj

Q / W _g , "where from <pi = 1 -------- (12)

Fj W g. T W _ft

Therefore Q = Fj [w ^ i (1 - <pi) - Wg, »] (13)

It should be noted that in the case of a stationary liquid (Q / = 0), the following formula follows from formula (13): w _a »- w _9ι '/ (1 - φι), which coincides with the definition of relative velocity (4), so in this case w _a , i = w _fti ^rel

It follows from formula (13) that:

Q / = Fi [Wg.1 (1-h) (14) a

Q / = F ₂ [Wg, 2 (1-2) - Wg.] (14)

When we have equations (14) and (15), and considering that F ₂ = k Fi, where kr 1, we get:

Q / = Fi [Wg, ₂ (1 - φ ₂ ) - i (1 - φι) jk / (1 - k) (16)

10 * »*« «

9 9 9

9 9

9 9 *

9 ·

9999

Thus, the volumetric flow rate of the liquid phase in the calibrated pipe sections is determined according to (16) from the measured actual velocities and the volume concentrations of the gas phase in the first and second measurement sections of the pipe. If F ₂ = 0,5 Fj, expression (16) becomes:

Q / - Fi [ιν _{β> 2} (1-92) - ιν _α ι (1-gn)]

Furthermore, it should be noted that if the φι - ψ2 - 0 certainly speedometers acoustic inhomogeneity of liquid phase and, therefore, correspondingly, the speed Wjj aw _I2. Thus, the relation (16) is transformed into the formula Q1 = F1. W / j, and if Φι = φ ₂ = 1, this relation assumes the form Q, = 0.

The volumetric flow rates of the liquid phase components are determined by the formulas:

Qt = Q / (1-W) and Ct _w = Q, W (18) where W is the volume concentration of water in the emulsion. The gas flow rate is determined by the following formula:

Qg ⁼ Fi. φι - νν _α 2. F ₂ . <p2 (18)

FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an ultrasonic local velocity meter w _{g of} the gaseous phase phase mixture. The meter circuit comprises: a voltage pulse generator 8, a first sensor 9 connected in series with the generator 8, and comprising a transmitter 10 and a receiver 11. (a gap between them forms a first sample volume 12), a first amplifier 13 and a first peak value detector 14 is selected. The following elements are connected in series with the generator 8: a second sensor 15 comprising a transmitter 16 and a receiver 17 (the gap between them forms a second sample volume 18), a second amplifier • 0 000 «• 0» *

0

0

0 0 · · 0 0 · 00

0

0 · 00 0 0 40 to 0 0 0 to 0 0 to 0 0 to 0 ·

000 ·

-1619 and also a second peak value detector 20 that is selected. In addition, the delay picker former 21 and the first and second peak value detectors 14 and 20 are connected to the generator 8. Said peak detectors are connected to the calculator 24 and / or the display 25 by means of the first and second ADCs 22 and 23 respectively.

The sensors 9 and 15 are located in the pipeline so that the flow passes first through one sample volume, for example volume 18, and then through a second volume, for example volume 12. The sensor dimensions are chosen to cause minimum flow disturbances (sensor diameter <3 mm). The distance δ between the transmitter and the receiver is up to about 2 mm and the distance / between the lower and the homf pair of sensors is 3 to 5 mm. The waveguides of the first and second sensor pairs in the sensor plane are positioned perpendicular to each other, which also improves the flow hydrodynamics.

The ultrasonic local speed meter operates as follows. The voltage pulses from the generator 8 are transmitted to the transmitters 3 and 9, transformed into ultrasonic pulses and passed through the sample volumes 12 and 18, then received by the receivers U and 17, transformed into a voltage signal, amplified by amplifiers 13 and 19 and transmitted to detectors 14 and 20 peak values that are selected. Simultaneously with the transmission of ultrasonic pulses, the passage time of which is determined by the distance between the transmitter and the receiver at a fixed pulse frequency, the pulsation pulses arrive at the selection inputs of the peak value detectors 14 and 20. The pulse selector switches the peak value detectors into the active state. As a result, voltage levels are generated at the peak value detector outputs, proportional to the amplitudes of the acoustic signals received (see voltage diagram shown in FIG. 3). After the analog-to-digital conversion in ADC 22 and ADC 23, the voltage signals are transmitted to a calculator 24 which calculates the cross-correlation function (CCF) for the received acoustic signals and displays it on the display 25.

4 * 4 · 4 · 4 · 4 4 5 4

4 «

4 4

4444

Because of the discontinuous structure, the multiphase mixture is an acoustically inhomogeneous medium. Therefore, the amplitude of the received signals will vary. Acoustic diffusers (most of which are gas inclusions, making a major contribution to the diffusion of ultrasonic pulses) cause fluctuations, first as they pass through the second sample volume. As a result, the amplitude of the output signal in the second peak value detector 20 changes, and then with a delay equal to the time the acoustic diffuser passes from the second sample volume to the first sample volume τ, and also the amplitude of the output signal in the first peak value detector 14. Statistical data of the accumulation of output signals of peak value detectors ensures the creation of a maximum CCF whose coordinate in the timeline equals τ. Thus the local gas velocity is determined by the expression:

W _g = // T where l is the distance between the first and second sampling volume.

A typical shape of the cross-correlation function is shown in Figure 4.

Another variant of acoustic sensing of the multiphase mixture by measuring the local gas velocity is also possible. In this case, two acoustic sensors placed in series are used, which operate in transmit-receive mode. An illustration of such a solution is shown in Fig. 5.

In this variant, the velocity meter consists of two identical electroacoustic channels, each comprising the following elements connected in series: an acoustic sensor 26, an amplifier 13, a peak value detector 14 to be selected (chrome), an analogue digital converter (ADC) 22, and also an electric pulse generator 8 coupled to the sensor 26 by means of a sample volume resistor 27, and a delayed withdrawal pulse former 21. The former 21 is connected to the peak input of the peak value detector 14. The channel outputs are connected to the calculator 24 and then to the display 25.

• φ «φ φ

φ · φ φ φ

φ φ φ • • • •

• ΦΦ φ

φφφ •

• Φ φ φ φ φ φ φ φ φ φ φ φ φ φ

The acoustic sensors are positioned in the duct so that the flow 28 gradually passes through the sample volume of the second channel.

The meter works as follows. The electrical pulses from the generator 8 are transmitted to the acoustic sensor 26 where they are transformed into ultrasonic signals and transmitted to the flow 28. Then, some of the acoustic energy is reflected from the medium diffusers and returns to the sensor 26, amplified by amplifier 13 and transmitted to the detector 14 peak values while being selected. At the same time, the delayed pulse pulse from the former 21 is transmitted to the peak input of the peak value detector 14 (see voltage diagram in FIG. 6). The resistor 27 disconnects the output of the generator 8 and the input of the amplifier 13. At the output of the peak value detector 14 a voltage level is generated, proportional to the amplitude of the received signal. The pick-up delay time this relative to the pulse of the generator 8 (see FIG. 6) is set taking into account the time of passage of the ultrasonic signal from the sensor to the sample volume and back.

The amplitude of the signal at the peak detector output varies with the presence of acoustic diffusers in the sample volume. Because the diffusers first go through! with a sample volume of the first sensor and then a sample volume of the second sensor, the maximum of their CCF is generated. The coordinate τ of this maximum in the time axis is determined by the time of diffusers passing from the first sensor to the second sensor. The rate of diffusers contained in the medium is determined by the following formula:

w „= // t where / is the distance between the first and second sensors.

For calculation, the CCF signals from the first and second channel peak value detector outputs pass through the ADC to calculator 24. The calculation results are shown in display 25.

···· ·

* 000 • 0 00

0 0 0 0 · 000

0 0

0 0

000 ·

00 • 0 00 0 0 0 ·

0 0 0 0 0

0 0 0 0000

In addition to the above-described variant, it is also possible to provide a local gas velocity meter using a sensor with a pair of acoustic signal transmitters and receivers, and also located in the pipeline. The transmitter and receiver are positioned opposite each other to form a sample volume. The distance between them is selected so that the mixture flows freely through the sample volume. Passing the acoustic diffuser through the slot attenuates the ultrasonic signal for a time equal to the passage of the diffuser through the sample volume. Based on these facts, the autocorrelation function of the output signals is generated, and the diffuser passage time through the sample volume is determined. An illustration of this variant of the local gas velocity meter is shown in Fig. 7. In this case, the circuit comprises elements connected in series: electric pulse generator 8, transmitter 10, acoustically coupled to receiver 11, amplifier 13, peak value detector 14 which is The generator 8 is also coupled via the delayed pulse pusher 21 to the pickup input of the peak value detector. The space between the transmitter W and the receiver H is a sample volume of 12.

The speed meter works as follows. Electric impulses come! from the generator 8 to the transmitter W, they are transformed into ultrasonic signals, and the sampling volume 12 comes to the receiver H, then to the amplifier 13 and to the peak value detector 14. Simultaneously, pulse pulses are sent from the former 21, delayed for the signal propagation time from the transmitter to the receiver, to the pulse input of the peak value detector. Tension! from the peak detector input 14, proportional to the amplitude of the received signal, it is transmitted to ADC 22, then to calculator 24 and display 25. When the flow includes acoustic signal diffusers with a particle size smaller than the sample volume, each diffuser penetrating the sample volume will cause amplitude variation received signal. For the first approach, the amplitude fluctuation time is equal to the passage time * · ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ · · T t t t t t t t t t t · · · ·

-20 diffuser with sample volume. The autocorrelation function determines the average time for statistical data sampling. A typical shape of the autocorrelation function is shown in Fig. 8. The local gas velocity can thus be calculated by the formula:

w _g = dlxi where d is the linear dimension of the piezoelectric plate in the flow direction, τι is the main loop width of the autocorrelation function (Fig. 8).

Another variant of the local gas velocity meter is also possible. Its technical embodiment is shown in Fig. 9. elements connected in series: acoustic sensor 26, amplifier 13, peak value detector 14 to be selected, analogue digital converter 22, calculator 24 and display 25, as well as a generator 8 coupled by means of a resistor 27 to the sensor 26, and connected by a former 21 delayed disintegration pulses with disintegration input of the peak value detector 14. The transducer 26 is disposed within the conduit such that the multiphase flow 28 intersects the acoustic field of the transducer 26 perpendicular to the flow direction.

The meter works as follows. The voltage pulses from the generator 8 are transmitted by a resistor 27 to a sensor 26 where they are transformed into acoustic signals and transmitted to a flow 28 perpendicular to its direction. Some of the acoustic energy is reflected from the acoustic diffusers of the wolf-phase medium (the main parts of which are gas inclusions) and returns to the sensor 26, where it is transformed into electrical signals that come through the amplifier 13 to the peak value detector 14. At the same time, a delayed pulse pulse from the former 21 is transmitted to the pickup input of the peak value detector 14 (see the voltage diagram shown in FIG. 10).

The resistor disconnects the output of generator 8 and the input of amplifier 13. Voltage

-21 · «· * * ((((((((((((((((((((( The amplitude of the output of the peak detector 14 is proportional to the amplitude of the received signal.

The delay time of the refractory pulse with respect to the pulse of the generator 8 (see FIG. 10) is set according to the time of passage of the ultrasonic signal from the sensor 26 to the sample volume and back.

The signal amplitude at the peak value detector output varies according to the eventual acoustic diffusers in the sample volume. For the first approximation, the collapse time is equal to the diffusion time of the diffuser through the sample volume. Provided the diffuser sizes are much smaller than the sample volume size, the local gas velocity can be determined by autocorrelating the signals with the formula:

w ₀ = d / τι where d is lines! the dimension of the piezoelectric plate in the flow direction, -q is the main loop width of the autocorrelation function (Fig. 11).

In addition to the variants described above, another embodiment of an ultrasonic local gas velocity meter using a Doppler velocity determination method is also possible. In this case, the transmitter and receiver with a linear dimension of up to 3 mm are set at a fixed angle to each other in the calibrated section of the pipe. The meter circuit is shown in FIG. 12. The meter comprises an electrical pulse generator 8 coupled to a transmitter 10. The receiver 11 is coupled to a phase detector-multiplier 29 via an amplifier 13. the elements are connected in series with the output of the detector 29: a low pass filter 30, a second amplifier 31, a signal spectrum calculator 32, and a display 25. The signal is then processed in the measuring circuit. After reflection of emitted ultrasonic vibrations from acoustic flow diffusers, acoustic signals come to receiver 11, are transformed into voltage signals, are transmitted

A voltage signal from the generator 8 is output to the second input of the phase detector 29. From the output of the phase detector 29, the low frequency signals are sent via the filter 30 and the amplifier 31 to the calculator 32 where the Doppler frequency is proportional the approximate velocities of the acoustic diffusers by the sensors, and then the local gas velocity is calculated. The processing results are sent to the display 9. The processing signal in the circuit is shown in FIG. 13.

Another variant of the technical design of the ultrasonic Doppler gas local gas velocity meter is shown in Fig. 14. A transmitter and receiver with linear dimensions up to 3 mm are also arranged in a calibrated section of the pipe, facing each other, at a fixed angle. The meter circuit comprises a voltage pulse generator 8 coupled to a transmitter 10. The receiver t1 is connected via an amplifier 13 to a phase detector multiplier 29, its output being coupled to a &quot; sampling-storage &quot; block 30. The second input of the phase detector 29 is connected to generator 8 The input of the "storage-sampler" block 30 is coupled to the generator 8 by the delayed pulse pulse former 21. The output of block 30 is coupled to calculator 32 and then to display 25.

The meter works as follows. The voltage pulses from the generator 8 are transmitted to the transmitter 10 and generate acoustic pulses, propagating in the opposite direction to the flow. The pulses reflected from the acoustic diffusers, mainly from the gas bubbles, arrive at the receiver 11. and via amplifier 13 are transmitted to the first input of the phase detector of the multiplier 29. The high frequency signal from the generator 8 is sent to the second input of the detector 29. to a &quot; sampling-storing &quot; block 30 that records a signal at its input at times determined by the delay position of the delayed pulse from former 21. Spectral signal processing from

0 * ··· • · · «9« 0

9 9

999 • 9 00 0 »

9 9 9 9 9

9,099 9 0 9 9

# 9 9 9

99 · 9,999

23 of the &quot; sampling-storage &quot; block 30 is performed in the calculator 32 where the Doppler frequency is proportional to the approximate velocity of the acoustic diffusers by the sensors, and the local gas velocity is calculated. The processing results are shown in FIG. 15.

The ultrasonic gas meter (see FIG. 16) comprises a voltage pulse generator 8 connected in series with a transmitter 10 that is acoustically coupled to a receiver 11, an amplifier 33, and a peak value detector 34 to be selected. The generator 8 is also coupled to the pick-up input of the peak value detector 34 by means of the delay pulse diverter 35. The peak value detector output is coupled to the direct input of the first comparator 36, the inverse input of the second comparator 37, and the calculator 24. The outputs of the comparators 36 and 37 are also coupled to the calculator 24 and then to the display 25. the peak value detector is connected to the first voltage adjusting device 38, respectively. with a second voltage adjusting device 39. The transmitter 10 and the receiver 11 are mounted against each other, and form! sample volume 40.

The meter works as follows. The perpendicular voltage pulses generated by the generator 8 are transformed by the transmitter 10 into ultrasonic pulses, which are transmitted to the sample volume 40, arrive at the receiver 11, transformed into voltage pulses, and transmitted via amplifier 33 to the peak detector 34. The signal processing diagram of the meter circuit elements is shown in FIG. 17. At the peak value detector output 34, a level proportional to the amplitude of the signal received at the time of the delayed withdrawal pulse input is generated.

This amplitude of the received signal is determined by the gas volume concentration in the sample volume 40. When the sample volume is filled with liquid without gas inclusions, the amplitude of the received signal is at maximum and the voltage level at the input of the peak detector 34 is higher than the voltage.

II t • · · · t

-24 adjusting device 38 (U1). This causes the comparator 36 to operate and generate a single logic signal at its output. The logic signal is sent to calculator 24 and is judged by calculator 24 as a situation with a gas volume concentration φ - 0 (see Figure 18). The gas inclusion sizes in the actual multiphase flow are different and may be smaller or larger than the sample volume size 40. When the size of the bubbles or gas plugs exceeds the sample volume size, ultrasonic pulse propagation is totally blocked, the amplitude of the received signal is reduced to a minimum , and the voltage level at the output of the peak detector 34 is also minimal and is lower than the voltage of the adjusting device 39 (U2). In this case, comparator 37 is actuated and produces a single logic signal, assessed by calculator 24 as a situation with a gas volume concentration φ = 1.

When the gas bubble sizes are smaller than the sample volume size 40, the peak signal detector output signal amplitude 34 ranges from U1 to U2 (see Fig. 18) and is described as follows:

U = U ™ * exp (-k. N _b . D _b ² ) (20) where

U ™ * is the signal amplitude where the liquid phase fills the controlled volume, k is the proportionality factor, determined by the geometric dimensions of the sensor, ultrasonic frequencies, etc., n _b is the concentration of gas bubbles, d _b is the diameter of the gas bubbles.

When we consider that the concentration of bubbles in the sample volume is constantly changing! due to the flow of the mixture, the amplitude of the signal also varies. The number of bubbles in the sample volume is determined by Poisson's law. So the magnitude of the average value of the received signal and its

The scattering values n _b and _b are calculated using a known mathematical model by calculator 24. The volume gas content is determined according to the formula;

nd ³ 1 ψ3 ⁼ N-- (21)

Where V is the sample volume,

N = n _b · V is the number of bubbles in the sample volume.

The concentration of the gaseous phase in the case of a variable gas inclusion composition in the flow is determined by the following formula;

1 + 13 ψ3

T-11 + 12+ 1 ₃ is the averaging time, where t is the time period where gas inclusions are not contained in the sample volume,

1 ₂ is the period of time where gas inclusions formed in large diameter bubbles as well as gas plugs are contained in the sample volume,

₁₃ is the time period where small bubbles are contained in the sample volume.

The size of the sample volume is chosen according to the conditions of the technical design or the use of the sensor, usually less than 1 mm ³ .

A block diagram of an ultrasonic volumetric meter for the liquid concentration of liquid components is shown in FIG. 19. The meter circuit comprises a voltage pulse generator 8 and the following elements connected in series; transmitter 10, acoustically coupled to receiver H, amplifier 41, first • * 1 f ««

I f

26 comparator 42, first element 2 & 43, first RS flip-flop 44, second element 2 & 45, second RS flip-flop 46 and amplitude duration converter 47. The generator 8 is also coupled by the delayed pulse diverter 48 and the second inputs of the flip-flop circuits 44 and 46. The second input of the first comparator 42 is coupled to the voltage adjusting device 49. The output of the amplifier 41 is coupled to the second comparator 50. its input is coupled to the second input of the second element 2 & 45. The output of the delayed pulse former 48 is coupled to the second input of the first element 2 & 43.

The transmitter and receiver 10 and 11 are mounted in the instrument body 51, opposing each other, forming a sample volume 52.

The instrument body 51 is equipped with a heater 53 and an element 54 for mechanically cleaning the sample volume 52.

The ultrasonic volumetric meter works as follows. The rectangular voltage pulses generated by the generator 8 are transformed into ultrasonic pulses through the transmitter 10. After passing through the sample volume 52, they reach the receivers 11 and are transformed into electrical pulses. Then, the signal comes through the amplifier 41 to the direct input of the first comparator 42.

At the same time as the voltage pulse is sent, the first RS flip-flop 44 switches to the "zero" state and the second RS flip-flop 46 to the one-state,

Since the opposite input of the comparator 42 is coupled to the voltage adjuster 49, the comparator 42 is brought into operation when the amplitude of the received signal exceeds the set voltage. The pulses from the output of the comparator 42 are transmitted to the S-input of the first RS flip-flop 44 by the first element 2 & 43, which is picked up (strobed) pulses from the output of the delayed pull-out pulverizer 48. 20). The time connection is determined by the time of propagation of the ultrasonic pulses from the transmitter 10 «·· · * 4 • ···« ·· ♦ • ·

-27 to the receiver 11. The use of a delay element avoids erroneous commissioning of the meter, determined by electrical and acoustic noise.

Since one of the inputs of the second comparator 50 is coupled to a ground wire, it generates voltage pulses each time the amplitude of the received signal crosses the "zero" mark, thus fixing a weak signal (see Figure 20). The output signal of the comparator does not depend on the amplitude of the received signal.

The signal from the output of the first RS flip-flop 44 transmitted to one of the inputs of the second element 2 & 45 allows the signal passed through from the second comparator 50 to indicate that the received signal has crossed the "zero" mark. The first intersection of the "zero" mark causes the second RS of the flip-flop 46 to operate so that it switches to the "zero" state. The voltage pulses thus formed may last in proportion to the ultrasonic pulse passage time from the transmitter 10 to the receiver U and do not depend on the amplitudes of the ultrasonic pulses. Thereafter, these pulses are transformed in the converter 47 into a signal amplitude proportional to their duration, where the signal is transmitted to the calculator and the monitor.

In a second variant of the ultrasonic volume concentration meter of the liquid components (see FIG. 21), the voltage adjusting device is configured as a peak value detector 55 that is selected (strobed) (see FIG. 21). Its input is coupled to the output of the amplifier 41 and the selection input is coupled to the input of the delayed pulse former 48 and the output of the peak value detector 55 is coupled to the second input of the first comparator 42 by a voltage divider 56.

The voltage adjusting device operates as follows. The voltage signal from the amplifier 41 is transmitted to the peak value detector 55. Simultaneously with the time delay, determined by the ultrasonic pulse passage time from the transmitter 10 to the receiver H., a signal from the delayed pulse former 48 comes to its pickup input (see FIG. 22).

• »·

Consequently, a voltage potential equal to the maximum value of the signal amplitude is generated at the output of the peak value detector 55. The voltage signal that has passed through the voltage divider 56 is attenuated so that a safe commissioning of the first comparator 42 is ensured in the selected half-wave signal by deviations due to changes in the medium and temperature controlled properties and aging of the measurement circuit elements, etc.

The use of a voltage adjuster allows the comparator activation to be automatically supported by significant (10-fold) signal attenuation changes in the specified medium, for example in the presence of hazardous gas bubbles in the sample volume, change in component dispersion, and other reasons.

The operation of the local value meters w _1ι1 , φι, φ ₂ and W is controlled by the processor according to the set program. This processor also performs averaging of the time and cross-section of the calibrated pipe sections, as described above. The processor is furthermore determined by the volumetric flow rate of the multiphase flow components such as liquid, oil, water and gas Q ^ ,, 0, Qw, Q _g, the structures (16,18,19).

While the invention has been described in particular for use with an oil, water and gas mixture, it should be understood that the principle of the invention, as set out in the appended claims, is also applicable to other mixtures.

Further, although the arrangement of the pipe sections with decreasing cross-sectional areas as viewed in the flow direction is shown in the exemplary embodiment of FIG. 1, the opposite arrangement of the pipe sections with increasing cross-sectional areas as viewed in the flow direction may be used.

Claims (24)

PATENT CLAIMS v tt * • Tt tt tt ttt ttt tttttttt CLAIMS 1. A method for determining the flow rates of a gaseous and a liquid phase flow of a wise-phase mixture in a pipeline comprising: following! steps: a) first, the actual velocity (w) of at least one phase of the mixture in the pipe section (1) is measured; b) further measuring the acoustic conductivity of the mixture in the pipe section (1); c) further determine the statutes! the volume concentration (φ) of the gas phase of the mixture in the pipe section (1), based on the measured acoustic conductivity of the mixture in the pipe section (1); d) determining a volumetric flow rate (Qg) of a gas phase and a first component (Q1), a liquid phase and a second component (Q2) of liquid phase (Q _R) of the mixture by using values of said real velocity (w) and said volume concentration, characterized in that said pipe section, which is the first pipe section (1): e) forming a second conduit section (2) arranged in line with the first conduit section (1), the first conduit section (1) and the second conduit section (2) having different cross sections so that at the connection of the two sections (1, 2) there is a change in the flow rate of the mixture; f) further measuring the actual velocity in the second pipe section (2); g) measure further! the acoustic conductivity of the mixture in the second conduit section (2); h) further determining the volume concentration (φ) of the gas phase in the second pipe section (2), based on the measured acoustic conductivity of the mixture in the second pipe section (2); i) further determining the volume concentration (W) of the various components of the liquid phase of the composition, based on the measured acoustic conductivity of the composition in at least one section of the pipeline; j) finally, the volumetric flow rate values (Q _g , Q _h Q1, Q2) are determined using the actual velocity (w) values and volumetric concentrations obtained in combination for the first section (1) and the second section (2) of the pipe. -30Edited sheet Method according to claim 1, characterized in that: 11 m, wherein the cross-sectional area (F ₄ ) of the first duct section (1) differs from the cross-sectional area (F ₂ ) of the second duct section (2), where F ₂ = k F ₁ where k / 1. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that the volume flow rate of the liquid phase is determined according to the formula: Q, = k / (k -1) F, [w ₂ (1- <P2> - w, (1 - <p,)) where νΐή, w ₂ is the average actual velocity of the gas phase in the first section (1) of the pipeline and respectively in the second pipe section (2), PiP1, P2 P2 is the average actual volume gas concentration in the mixture in the first pipe section (1) and in the second pipe section (2), respectively, the gas phase volume flow rate determined by: _FL = F Q ₁ or Q w'i φι _B = F ₂ w ₂ Φ2 volume flow rate of the first component of liquid phase statutes! help: Qi = W Q, and the volumetric flow rate of the second liquid phase component is determined by: Q ₂ = (1 -W) Q Method according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: characterized in that the velocity (w) of the gaseous phase is measured at different radial points in each of said cross-sections of the first pipe section (1) and the second pipe section (2), and the measured local velocity values are averaged for each cross section use as speed value in calculations. 5. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the process is carried out -31 • 0 0 · * · *. 40 40 0 0 0 0 00 * ► 0 00 00 ·· The gas phase concentration (φ) is measured at different radial locations at each of the cross-sections of the first pipe section (1) and the second pipe section (2), and the measured volumetric concentration values are averaged for each section to create a value for use as the concentration value in the calculations. 6. The method according to claims 1 to 5, wherein said measurements are made using ultrasonic sensors. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that the volumetric concentrations of the components (W) of the liquid phase of the mixtures are determined using ultrasonic sensors, in at least one cross section, in at least one section (1, 2). and measuring the transit time of the ultrasonic pulses of said mixture from said sensors. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the volumetric concentrations of the gas phase components (φ) of the mixture are determined. using ultrasonic transducers in at least one cross-section of the first conduit section (1) and the second conduit section (2), and measuring the amplitude of the ultrasonic pulses passing through said mixture from said transducers. Method according to claim 8, characterized in that the phase velocities (w) of the mixture are determined using ultrasonic transducers in at least one cross-section of the first conduit section (1) and the second conduit section (2), and by correlation or autocorrelation method. Method according to claim 9, characterized in that the phase velocities (w) of the mixtures are determined using ultrasonic sensors in at least one cross-section of the first pipe section (1) and the second pipe section (2). -32Edited sheet • 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 · 44 and measuring the Doppler frequency of the ultrasonic pulses from the sensors. 11. The method according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, wherein the measurement is performed using electrical conductivity sensors. Method according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 5, characterized in that the measurement is carried out using electrical capacitance sensors. A method according to claims 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 5, characterized in that the measurement is carried out using optical sensors. The method of claim 8, wherein the components of the liquid phase of the mixture are water and oil. 15. Apparatus for determining the flow rates of the gaseous and liquid phases of the flow of a phase mixture in a pipeline, comprising: a) a speed sensor (5) arranged in the pipe section (1) and connected to a circuit for measuring the actual speed (w) of at least one phase of the mixture in the pipe section (1); b) an acoustic conductivity sensor (6) arranged in the pipe section (1) and connected to a circuit for measuring the acoustic conductivity of the mixture in the pipe section (1) and for determining the volume concentration (φ) of the gas phase of the mixture 1) a pipe, based on the measured acoustic conductivity of the mixture in the pipe section (1); c) a processor which is connected to said circuit for determining the volumetric flow rate Q gas phase _Fli and the first and second components Q1, Q2 of the liquid phase _Q; mixtures, using the values of said actual velocity (w) and said volume concentration, characterized in that: -33Edited sheet φ φφφ φ φ · φ φ φ φφ • φ φ Said pipe section is a first pipe section (1); wherein the apparatus further comprises: d) a second pipe section (2) which is arranged in line with the first pipe section (1), the first section (1) and the second pipe section (2) having different cross sections, so that at the connection of the two sections (1, 2) there is a change in the flow rate of the mixture; e) a further velocity sensor (5) arranged in the second conduit section (2) and connected to a circuit for measuring the actual velocity (w) of at least one phase of the mixture in the second conduit section (2); f) another acoustic conductivity sensor (6) arranged in the second conduit section (2) and connected to a circuit for measuring the acoustic conductivity of the mixture in the second conduit section (2) and for determining the volume concentration (φ) of the gas phase of the mixture in the second conduit section (2), based on the measured acoustic conductivity of the mixture in the second conduit section (2); g) a liquid concentration sensor (7) arranged in one (1) of said duct sections (1,2) and connected to another circuit for determining the volume concentration (W) of the various components of the liquid phase of the mixture based on the measured acoustic conductivity of the mixture in said conduit section (1); and wherein the processor is connected to another circuit and is arranged to use the actual velocity (w) and volume concentration values obtained for the first and second conduit sections (1, 2), in combination to determine the volumetric flow rates Q _g , Q _it Q1, Q2. . Apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that the following means for measuring the local flow properties of at least one phase of said mixture are used for each pipe section (1, 2): Modified sheet ultrasonic gas velocity meter for measuring the actual gas velocity (w) of said composition, based on the correlation method or Doppler method, ultrasonic gas concentration meter, ultrasonic gas concentration meter of the liquid components. 17. The apparatus of claim 15 wherein meters with electrical capacitance or electrical conductivity sensors are used therein to measure the local flow properties of at least one phase of said mixture. Device according to claim 15, characterized in that: The method of claim 1, wherein a gamma meter is used for each pipe section (1, 2) to determine the gas volume concentration. Apparatus according to claim 15, characterized in that for each pipe section (1, 2) a vertically arranged device for determining the volumetric gas concentration is used by measuring the difference in static pressures. Device according to claims 15, 16, 17, characterized in that the gas velocity meter (iv) is measured outside the gas velocity meter at different radial locations in each of said cross-sections of the first conduit section (1) and a second conduit section (2), and the measured local velocity values are averaged for each cross-section to produce a value for use as a velocity value in the calculations. 21. Apparatus according to claims 15, 16, 17, characterized in that the gas volumetric concentration meter measures the -35The modified vapor phase sheet (φ) at different radial locations in each of said cross-sections of the first pipe section (1) and the second pipe section (2), and the measured concentration values are averaged for each cross section to produce a value for use as the concentration value in calculations. Device according to claims 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, characterized in that the cross-sectional area (F0) of the first pipe section (1) differs from the cross-sectional area (F ₂ ) cross section of the second pipe section (2), where F ₂ = k F>, where k * 1. 23. The apparatus of claim 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, comprising a processor for calculating the volume flow rate of the liquid phase according to the formula: Q, = k / (k-1) F ₁ [w ₂ (1- φ ₂ ) - iv, (1 - φι)] where w ₂ is the average actual velocity of the gaseous phase in the first pipe section (1) and in the second section respectively pipe section (2), φι. Je2 is the average actual volume concentration of gas in the mixture in the first pipe section (1) and in the second pipe section (2), respectively; to calculate the gas flow volume flow rate according to the formulas: G _g = Fiw ₁ <p ₁ or Q _fl -F ₂ w ₂ <p ₂ to calculate the volumetric flow rate of the first liquid phase component according to the formula: Q, = WQ, and to calculate the volumetric flow rate of the second liquid phase component according to the formula: Q ₂ = (1 -W) Q / * · · · * * * · * * * ι ι ι ι ι ι -36Edited sheet 24. The apparatus of claims 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 23 wherein the sensed components of the multi-phase flow liquid phase are water and oil.