CN101280680B - Three-phase flow measuring device - Google Patents

Three-phase flow measuring device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101280680B
CN101280680B CN2008101125653A CN200810112565A CN101280680B CN 101280680 B CN101280680 B CN 101280680B CN 2008101125653 A CN2008101125653 A CN 2008101125653A CN 200810112565 A CN200810112565 A CN 200810112565A CN 101280680 B CN101280680 B CN 101280680B
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phase
gas
oil
electrode
water
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CN101280680A (en
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田刚
李卫
吉万成
夏志刚
李国娜
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Anton Institute of Geological Engineering Technology (Beijing) Co.,Ltd.
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Anton Oilfield Services Group Ltd
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Abstract

The invention provides a three-phase flow measuring device which comprises a main pipeline used for conveying the mixture of oil, gas and water, a Venturi device which is arranged on the main pipeline and used for measuring the flow of the liquid in the main pipeline, a conductivity measuring sensor which is arranged in the main pipeline and used for measuring the gas phase fraction of small bubbles, the phase fractions of the oil, gas and water phase and flowing speeds of gas and liquid, a capacitance measuring sensor which is arranged in the main pipeline and used for measuring the gas phase fractions of big and small bubbles, the phase fractions of the oil, gas and water phase and the flowing speeds of gas and liquid, as well as a gamma densimeter which is arranged in the main pipeline and used for measuring the density of the mixture. The three-phase flow measuring device can correctly measure the moisture content of the condensate oil of the high-pressure condensate gas well and realize the on-line monitoring of the oil-gas well, thus being more applicable to practices.

Description

Three-phase flow measuring device
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of flow measurement device of field of petroleum exploitation, particularly relate to a kind of oil gas water and do not separate three-phase flow measuring device.
Background technology
At present, in the development process of high pressure gas condensate field, the problem that always exists the water content in the condensate accurately to measure.The condensate gas central treating station adopts the mode of gas-liquid separator, flow meter and analytical test to carry out oil-gas-water metering usually.Big (the 2000m of Tarim Basin high pressure condensate gas well gas-oil ratio 3More than/the t), big (the nearly 0.4t/m of profit density contrast 3) etc. characteristics; Existing technological process is difficult to get representational profit aggregate sample; Can not grasp individual well moisture content and variation tendency, can't correctly carry out oil reservoir development dynamic analysis and development plan and adjust in good time, have a strong impact on the in time supporting of effect of reservoir development and oil gas treatment system.Simultaneously, because measurement of water-content coefficient is inaccurate, can't effectively take anticorrosive measure.
This shows that above-mentioned existing oil gas water flow measurement system obviously still has inconvenience and defective, and demands urgently further improving in structure and use.The inventor is based on being engaged in this type of product design manufacturing abundant for many years practical experience and professional knowledge; Actively study innovation; In the hope of founding a kind of three-phase flow measuring device of new structure, can improve general existing oil gas water flow measurement system, make it have more practicality.
Summary of the invention
Main purpose of the present invention is; Overcome the defective that existing oil-gas-water three phase flow quantity measuring system exists; And a kind of new three-phase flow measuring device, technical problem to be solved are provided is to make it can accurately measure high pressure condensate gas well condensate water content, realizes oil gas well on-line monitoring; Thereby be suitable for practicality more, and have the value on the industry.
The object of the invention and solve its technical problem and adopt following technical scheme to realize.According to a kind of three-phase flow measuring device that the present invention proposes, be used to measure the flow of oil gas water, it comprises: trunk line is used to carry measured oil gas aqueous mixtures; Venturi is arranged on the trunk line, is used to measure the flow of trunk line inner fluid; Conductivity measurement sensors is arranged in the trunk line, is used to measure gas phase fraction, each phase phase fraction of oil gas water, gas and the flow rate of liquid of minute bubbles; Capacitance measuring sensor is arranged in the trunk line, is used to measure gas phase fraction, each phase phase fraction of oil gas water, gas and the flow rate of liquid of large and small bubble; And the gamma densometer, be arranged in the trunk line, be used to measure the density of mixture.
The object of the invention and solve its technical problem and also can adopt following technical measures further to realize.
Aforesaid three-phase flow measuring device, wherein said conductivity measurement sensors comprise and setting gradually along the mixture flow direction: emission electrode, the backup electrode group that is made up of two small electrodes, the working electrode group and the exploring electrode that are made up of two small electrodes.
Aforesaid three-phase flow measuring device, the spacing of two small electrodes of wherein said working electrode group is 65mm; The spacing of two small electrodes of said backup electrode group is 65mm.
Aforesaid three-phase flow measuring device, wherein said capacitance measuring sensor comprise and setting gradually along the mixture flow direction: first electrode, first small electrode, excitation variable winding, second small electrode and second largest electrode; Wherein, first electrode and second largest electrode constitute the large electrode group, and first small electrode and second small electrode constitute the 3rd small electrode group.
Aforesaid three-phase flow measuring device, the spacing of two large electrodes of wherein said large electrode group is 165mm, two small electrode spacings of described the 3rd small electrode group are 65mm, and the 3rd small electrode group is arranged between two large electrodes of this large electrode group.
Aforesaid three-phase flow measuring device, wherein said gamma densometer is made up of emitter and receiving system two parts; This emitter is made up of radioactive source, plumbous box, mechanical shutter and corrosion resistant plate; This receiving system is made up of receiving crystal, photomultiplier and electronics amplifier unit.
Aforesaid three-phase flow measuring device, wherein said receiving crystal are that sodium iodide adds thallium.
By technique scheme, three-phase flow measuring device of the present invention has advantage at least:
The three-phase flow measuring device that the present invention proposes; Can online in real time measure oil gas aquatic products amount; Can accurately measure individual well moisture content and variation tendency, help monitoring the oil gas well condition of production, for the diagnosis of ill production status provides accurate data information; Avoid the generation of abnormal conditions such as water breakthrough, has channeling and serious obstruction, meet the become more meticulous requirement of operation of oil field.
In sum, the three-phase flow measuring device of special construction of the present invention, it has above-mentioned many advantages and practical value; And in like product, do not see have similar structure design to publish or use and really genus innovation; No matter it structurally or bigger improvement is all arranged on the function, is had large improvement technically, and has produced handy and practical effect; And more existing oil gas water flow measurement system has the multinomial effect of enhancement; Thereby being suitable for practicality more, and having the extensive value of industry, really is the new design of a novelty, progress, practicality.
Above-mentioned explanation only is the general introduction of technical scheme of the present invention, understands technological means of the present invention in order can more to know, and can implement according to the content of manual, below with preferred embodiment of the present invention and conjunction with figs. specify as after.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of three-phase flow measuring device embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the capacitance measuring sensor of three-phase flow measuring device.
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the conductivity measurement sensors of three-phase flow measuring device.
The specific embodiment
Reach technological means and the effect that predetermined goal of the invention is taked for further setting forth the present invention; Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and preferred embodiment; To its specific embodiment of three-phase flow measuring device, structure, characteristic and the effect thereof that proposes according to the present invention, specify as after.
Seeing also shown in Figure 1ly, is the structural representation of three-phase flow measuring device embodiment of the present invention.This three-phase flow measuring device; Be used to measure the flow of individual well oil gas water; This three-phase flow measuring device 100 comprises: the trunk line 110 of fuel feeding gas-vapor mix Flow of Goods and Materials, and be arranged on gamma density meter 120, capacitance measuring sensor 130, conductivity measurement sensors 140 and the Venturi 150 on the trunk line 110.The principle of the measurement mixture of oil, water and gas of this three-phase flow measuring device is that individual well comes the oil gas aqueous mixtures to be assumed to be four phase fluids, i.e. oil, water, discrete gas and free gas.Air pocket flow velocity identical with gas flow rate (air pocket is discrete gas), minute bubbles flow velocity identical with flow rate of liquid (minute bubbles are free gas), it is identical with aqueous phase flow rate vertically to measure the interior oil phase flow velocity of pipeline section.
If: Q: volume flow dose rate, A: volume phase fraction, v: flow velocity
Q＝A×V(1)
The volume phase fraction equals the product of phase fraction and measuring tube cross-sectional area, because the measuring tube cross-sectional area is known, the calculating of each phase flow rate rate of oil gas water can be exchanged into phase fraction and each calculating of flow velocity mutually.
Said gamma densometer 120 is used to calculate the density of oil gas aqueous mixtures; It is made up of emitter and receiving system two parts; Emitter mainly is made up of parts such as radioactive source, plumbous box, mechanical shutter and corrosion resistant plates, and receiving system mainly contains receiving crystal (sodium iodide adds thallium), photomultiplier and electronics amplifier unit and constitutes.The gamma-rays bump receiving crystal that radioactive source produces; Can produce 1 electronics after each gamma-rays particle hits; Electronics obtains energy through the high voltage electric field of photomultiplier; Accelerated motion is finally caught by the electronics amplifier unit, and with the electron amount of electric impulse signal through receiving under the counter records.During operate as normal, gamma-rays gets in the pipeline through shutter, owing to there is fluid to flow in the pipeline, oil gas water can the absorption portion gamma-rays, but the degree that absorbs has nothing in common with each other, and receiving system can be measured and receive gamma-ray quantity in the unit interval this moment.Utilize empirical formula, calculate the hybrid density of fluid.
Seeing also shown in Figure 2ly, is the structural representation of the capacitance measuring sensor 130 of described three-phase flow measuring device.This capacitance measuring sensor 130 is used to measure gas phase fraction, each phase phase fraction of oil gas water, gas and the flow rate of liquid of the large and small bubble that hangs down aqueous fluid.This capacitance measuring sensor 130 comprises and setting gradually along the mixture flow direction: first electrode, first small electrode, excitation variable winding 131, second small electrode and second largest electrode; Wherein, first electrode and second largest electrode formation large electrode group 132, the first small electrodes and second small electrode constitute the 3rd small electrode group 133.The spacing of two large electrodes of this large electrode group 132 is 165mm; Two small electrode spacings of described the 3rd small electrode group 133 are 65mm; And the 3rd small electrode group 133 is arranged between two large electrodes of this large electrode group, and excitation variable winding 131 is between first small electrode and second small electrode.These excitation variable winding 131 excitation voltage signals; Signal is successively through the 3rd small electrode group 133 and large electrode group 132; The signal of telecommunication that the 3rd small electrode group 133 record minute bubbles cause, the signal of telecommunication that large electrode group 132 record air pockets cause, voltage signal are measured during through each electrode and record in addition.According to the functional relation of voltage and dielectric constant, can draw out the time dependent curve of dielectric constant, this curve of integration can be calculated the average phase fraction of size bubble preset time.
Calculate each phase phase fraction of oil gas water
Capacitivity equation: ε Mixture=f (α ε Gas, β ε Water, γ ε Oil) (2-1)
Density equation: ρ Mixture=f (α ρ Gas, β ρ Water, γ ρ Oil) (3)
Normalizing equation: alpha+beta+γ=1 (4)
In the formula:
ε Mixture: mixture capacitivity (can calculate) by magnitude of voltage
ε Gas: gas phase capacitivity (known)
ε Water: water capacitivity (known)
ε Oil: oil phase capacitivity (known)
ρ Mixture: mixture density (gamma densimeter measurement value can be calculated)
ρ Gas: density of gas phase (known)
ρ Water: water density (known)
ρ Oil: oil phase density (known)
α: gas phase phase fraction (the unknown)
β: water phase fraction (the unknown)
γ: oil phase phase fraction (the unknown)
Three unknown numbers of three equations, simultaneous solution can obtain gas phase phase fraction, water phase fraction and oil phase phase fraction.
Calculate gas and flow rate of liquid
Exciting electrode 131 excitation voltage signals are the minute bubbles flow velocity by the small electrode record and through the flow velocity that computing cross-correlation is tried to achieve, because the minute bubbles flow velocity is identical with liquid phase flow rate, and V Liquid=d1/T (d1 is two distances between the small electrode, and T is that bubble is flowing to the used time of second small electrode from first small electrode); Be the air pocket flow velocity by the large electrode record and through the flow velocity that computing cross-correlation is tried to achieve, because the air pocket flow velocity is identical with the gas phase flow velocity, V Gas=d2/T (d2 is two distances between the large electrode, T be this bubble from first electrode to the used time of second largest electrode).
Seeing also shown in Figure 3ly, is the structural representation of the conductivity measurement sensors of three-phase flow measuring device of the present invention.This conductivity measurement sensors 140 is arranged in the trunk line 110, is used to calculate gas phase fraction, each phase phase fraction of oil gas water, gas and the flow rate of liquid of minute bubbles.This conductivity measurement sensors 140 comprises and setting gradually along the mixture flow direction: emission electrode 141, the backup electrode group 142 that is made up of two small electrodes, the working electrode group 143 and the exploring electrode 144 that are made up of two small electrodes.The spacing of two small electrodes of described working electrode group 143 is 65mm; The spacing of two small electrodes of said backup electrode group 142 is 65mm.Emission electrode 141 emission voltage signals, signal moves with fluid from bottom to up, passes through backup electrode group 142, working electrode group 143 and exploring electrode 144 successively.Voltage signal is measured and record in addition during through two electrode groups.According to the functional relation of voltage and dielectric constant, can draw out the time dependent curve of dielectric constant, this curve of integration can be calculated the average phase fraction of minute bubbles preset time.
Calculate each phase phase fraction of oil gas water
Electrical conductivity equation: σ Mixture=f (α σ Gas, β σ Water, γ σ Oil) (2-2)
Density equation: ρ Mixture=f (α ρ Gas, β ρ Water, γ ρ Oil) (3)
Normalizing equation: alpha+beta+γ=1 (4)
In the formula:
σ Mixture: conductivity of mixture (can calculate) by magnitude of voltage
σ Gas: gas phase electrical conductivity (known)
σ Water: water electrical conductivity (known)
σ Oil: oil phase electrical conductivity (known)
ρ Mixture: mixture density (gamma densimeter measurement value can be calculated)
ρ Gas: density of gas phase (known)
ρ Water: water density (known)
ρ Oil: oil phase density (known)
α: gas phase phase fraction (the unknown)
β: water phase fraction (the unknown)
γ: oil phase phase fraction (the unknown)
Three unknown numbers of three equations, simultaneous solution can obtain gas phase phase fraction, water phase fraction and oil phase phase fraction.
Calculate gas and flow rate of liquid
Emission electrode emission voltage signal, voltage signal is measured and record in addition during through small electrode.After a period of time, two time dependent curves of some voltages of each self-forming of small electrode of working electrode group are done computing cross-correlation to these curves, if when drawing maximum, what can think that two small electrodes measure is same fluid.This time corresponding T of maximum occurs and think that promptly same logistics moves to the back required time of one electrode from last electrode, at this moment V Gas(V Liquid)=d/T=0.065/T.(d is the distance between the small electrode, known d=0.065m).
The conversion of capacitance measuring sensor and conductance measurement sensor
Conductivity measurement sensors has an exploring electrode, the signal of telecommunication that the continual measurement of this electrode receives, and it is converted into electrical conductivity; (electrical conductivity of vacant duct is 1 when electrical conductivity reaches 30 left and right sides; Oil-overflow pipeline electrical conductivity is 2～2.3, and water-filled pipeline electrical conductivity is saturation value >=35), (moisture is 65%～75%); Capacitance measuring sensor quits work, and conductivity measurement sensors is started working.
Said Venturi 150 is used for the measurement of liquid flow velocity.This Venturi becomes the fluid pressure difference of certain relation to measure fluid flow through measuring with flow, utilizes the pressure that produces before and after the fluid throttling to change and measures.
M = CEϵA 2 ρ · dP
In the formula:
M: liquid quality flow
E: penalty coefficient ( E = 1 / ( 1 - β 4 ) )
C: discharge coefficient (c=f (Re D, β)
Re D: the Reynolds coefficient
β: Venturi tube trunnion internal diameter/Venturi tube internal diameter
γ: level pressure thermal capacitance/constant volume thermal capacitance
ε: sampling factor (ε=f (dP/P, beta, gamma)
ρ: fluid density
A: Wen's trunnion passes through area
DP: fluid is through differential pressure before and after the Venturi tube
When capacitance measuring sensor or conductivity measurement sensors cross-correlation calculation flow velocity, when the cross-correlation success rate is on the low side (being that the cross-correlation calculation success rate is lower than minimum permissible value), the liquid phase flow rate that the Venturi of winning the confidence measures.
The above only is preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not the present invention is done any pro forma restriction; Though the present invention discloses as above with preferred embodiment; Yet be not in order to limiting the present invention, anyly be familiar with the professional and technical personnel, in not breaking away from technical scheme scope of the present invention; When the technology contents of above-mentioned announcement capable of using is made a little change or is modified to the equivalent embodiment of equivalent variations; In every case be the content that does not break away from technical scheme of the present invention, to any simple modification, equivalent variations and modification that above embodiment did, all still belong in the scope of technical scheme of the present invention according to technical spirit of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. three-phase flow measuring device is used to measure the flow of oil gas water, it is characterized in that comprising:
Trunk line is used to carry measured oil gas aqueous mixtures;
Venturi is arranged on the trunk line, is used to measure the flow of trunk line inner fluid;
Conductivity measurement sensors is arranged in the trunk line, is used to measure gas phase fraction, each phase phase fraction of oil gas water, gas and the flow rate of liquid of minute bubbles, measures each phase phase fraction of oil gas water through following formula 1 to formula 3:
Formula 1: σ Mixture=f (α σ Gas, β σ Water, γ σ Oil);
Formula 2: ρ Mixture=f (α ρ Gas, β ρ Water, γ ρ Oil);
Formula 3: alpha+beta+γ=1;
In the formula: σ Mixture: conductivity of mixture, σ Gas: gas phase electrical conductivity, σ Water: water electrical conductivity, σ Oil: oil phase electrical conductivity, ρ Mixture: mixture density, ρ Gas: density of gas phase, ρ Water: water density, ρ Oil: oil phase density, α: gas phase phase fraction, β: water phase fraction, γ: oil phase phase fraction;
Capacitance measuring sensor is arranged in the trunk line, is used to measure gas phase fraction, each phase phase fraction of oil gas water, gas and the flow rate of liquid of large and small bubble; And
The gamma densometer is arranged in the trunk line, is used to measure the density of mixture;
The backup electrode group that said conductivity measurement sensors comprises the emission electrode that sets gradually along the mixture flow direction, be made up of two small electrodes, the working electrode group and the exploring electrode that constitute by two small electrodes; The signal of telecommunication that the continual measurement of this exploring electrode receives; And it is converted into electrical conductivity; When electrical conductivity reached 30 left and right sides, capacitance measuring sensor quit work, and conductivity measurement sensors is started working.
2. three-phase flow measuring device according to claim 1, the spacing that it is characterized in that two small electrodes of wherein said working electrode group is 65mm; The spacing of two small electrodes of said backup electrode group is 65mm.
3. three-phase flow measuring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that wherein said capacitance measuring sensor comprises to set gradually along the mixture flow direction: first electrode, first small electrode, excitation variable winding, second small electrode and second largest electrode; Wherein, first electrode and second largest electrode constitute the large electrode group, and first small electrode and second small electrode constitute the 3rd small electrode group.
4. three-phase flow measuring device according to claim 3; The spacing that it is characterized in that two large electrodes of wherein said large electrode group is 165mm; Two small electrode spacings of described the 3rd small electrode group are 65mm, and the 3rd small electrode group is arranged between two large electrodes of this large electrode group.
5. three-phase flow measuring device according to claim 1 is characterized in that wherein said gamma densometer is made up of emitter and receiving system two parts; This emitter is made up of radioactive source, plumbous box, mechanical shutter and corrosion resistant plate; This receiving system is made up of receiving crystal, photomultiplier and electronics amplifier unit.
6. three-phase flow measuring device according to claim 5 is characterized in that wherein said receiving crystal is that sodium iodide adds thallium.
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Inventor after: Tian Gang

Inventor after: Li Wei

Inventor after: Ji Wancheng

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