CZ19872U1 - Layout for planting plum tree orchard - Google Patents

Description

Technical field

The solution concerns the planting of a plum plum orchard, according to which the yield and quality of plum fruit is substantially increased.

Background Art

It is known that the profitability of orchards with polluted trees is, among other things, highly dependent on the appropriate selection and quantity of so-called pollinators. This is often a key issue that decides on the quality and quantity of a harvest, where an inadequately chosen pollinator can reduce up to 60% of the expected fruit yield or negatively affect the quality of the fruit, especially its shelf life. Even with a core fruit, a bad pollinator even up to 30% negatively affects the size of the fruit, which of course has great economic consequences. If there were no pollinator in the fruit tree of polluted trees, there would even be a zero harvest. This clearly shows the importance of the correct choice of pollinator and its quantity in orchards. Often found pollinators for individual fruit species are subject to economic secrecy of individual growers over the competition.

The essence of the technical solution

The above-mentioned disadvantages are eliminated by the scheme of planting a fruit orchard of plum trees according to the technical solution, the essence of which is that in the orchard, a series of foreign polluted new plum varieties SA to SC are interleaved with rows of new plum-pollinator varieties SI to S6 in 15 to 45% per 20 pollinator substitution wherein the individual plum plots SA to SC with the respective pollinator S1 to S6 are repeated and / or combined, wherein the distance of the individual trees in the orchard is 4 to 6 m according to the selected rootstock and the tree's cultivation shape, and the new plum varieties including the corresponding pollinators are kept at the Research and Breeding Institute of Fruit Growing Holovousy sro, Holovousy 1,508 01 Hořice, Czech Republic.

The scheme of planting a plum plum orchard according to the technical solution consists in the fact that in the orchard x plum plum line SA is interleaved with rows of pollinator SI in the range of 20 to 30% of the pollinator, or with rows of pollinator S2 in the range of 15 to 30% of the pollinator. pollinator S3 in 15 to 25%, x rows of plum trees SB are interspersed with rows of pollinator S4 in 35 to 45% representation of pollinator, or y rows of pollinator S5 in 35 to 45% representation of pollinators 30, and x series of plums SC with S4 pollinator lines in 25 to 30% pollinator, or S6 pollinator series in 25 to 35% pollinator, or S5 pollinator lines in 25 to 30% pollinator.

The planting planting of the plum tree orchard according to the invention also consists in the fact that in the optimum plum fruit orchard, the rows of plums SA are interleaved with rows of pollinator SI in

25% representation of pollinator or y series of pollinator S2 in 25% representation of pollinator or y series of pollinator S3 in 20% representation of pollinator, then x series of plum trees SB is interleaved with rows of pollinator S4 in 40% representation of pollinator, or y series of pollinator S5 in 40% the pollinator is represented, and x SC plum trees are interspersed with rows of pollinator S4 in 25% pollinator or y pollinator S6 rows in a 30% pollinator range, or S5 pollinator rows in

25% representation of pollinator.

It is necessary to study pollen compatibility of varieties to design specific pollinators in the scheme according to the invention. The time of flowering of the varieties to be pollinated must overlap each year as much as possible. As far as possible, entry into fertility must be in the same year after planting for the variety and pollinator. The pollinator must spawn regularly and annually. The variety and pollinator should be harvested at about the same time (chemical protection). When planting fruit-pollinated orchards, it is advisable to plant a number of pollinators along several rows of fruit trees in the light of future harvest. This in-line arrangement appears to be optimal for the greatest pollinator efficiency

1 CZ 19872 UL to a fruit orchard for the quantity and quality of the crop and for the harvesting. The planting scheme is often concealed from competition. According to the technical solution, the planting of the plum plum orchard significantly improves the quality and quantity of the plum trees and has long-term beneficial effects on the yield of the whole orchard and on preserving the quality of the fruit during storage.

The following Table 1 summarizes the many years of concrete results of the breeding work of the sliver designers, which only demonstrate this solution without limiting it.

Table i - SLIVON S and the appropriate pollinator

Plum-new variety Plum-pollinator % zast. pollinators advantageous% stop. SA Sl 20 to 30 25 S2 15 to 30 25 S3 15 to 25 20 SB S4 35 to 45 40 S5 35 to 45 40 SC S4 25 to 30 25 S6 25 to 35 30 S5 25 to 30 25

Table 1 Explanatory Notes:

Plum brandy

SA - Wazonova Sl - Opal 20 SB - Gabrovska S2 - Gabrovska SC - Tuleu Gras 53 - Althanova 54 - Cacan Lepotica 55 - Valjevka 56 - Chrudim

Industrial usability

The planting scheme allows to increase the yield and quality of fruit of foreign-grown fruit trees in the long term to substantially stabilize the quantity and quality of the fruit crop, which is of great economic importance, especially when storing fruit. The planting scheme is often concealed from competition.

Claims (4)

PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS 30 1. Scheme of planting of plum orchard, characterized by the fact that in the orchard, the rows of foreign-pollinating new plum varieties SA to SC are interspersed with rows of new plum varieties Sl to S6 in 15 to 45% of the pollinator the plum trees SA to SC are repeated and / or combined with the respective pollinator S1 to S6, the distance between the individual trees in the orchard being 4 to 6 m, depending on the selected rootstock and the tree shape, and 35 new plum varieties including corresponding pollinators are kept at the Holovousy s.r.o. Research and Breeding Institute, Holovousy 1,508 01 Hořice, Czech Republic. Planting of plum orchard according to claim 1, characterized in that in the orchard, x rows of plum SA are interspersed with y rows of pollinator S1 in 20 to 30% of pollinator rows, or y rows of pollinator S2 in 15 to 30% ration of pollinator, or y rows of pollinator S3 in 15 to 25% of pollinator, x is plotted SB with y rows of pollinator S4 in 35 to 45% of pollinator, or y rows of pollinator S5 in 35 to 45% of pollinator, and x SC plots are interspersed with y pollinator lines S4 at 25 to 30% of pollinator range, or y pollinator lines S6 at 25 to 35% of pollinator range, or y pollinator lines S5 in 25 to 30% pollinator range. The planting of the plum orchard according to claim 1, characterized in that in the optimum plum orchard the x plum SA rows are interspersed with the s pollinator rows SI in the plum orchard. 5 25% of pollinator, or y series of pollinator S2 in 25% of pollinator, or y series of pollinator S3 in 20% of pollinator, then x plum SB is interspersed with y pollinator S4 in 40% of pollinator, or y series pollinator S5 in 40% of pollinator, and x is plotted with y rows of pollinator S4 in 25% of pollinator, or y rows of pollinator S6 in 30% of pollinator, or y rows of pollinator S5 and in 25% of pollinator,