CZ125894A3 - Harrow, especially smoothing harrow - Google Patents

Abstract

In a harrow (1) having a large working width, the lateral outer parts of the harrow are folded up into a transport position around folding axes (16a, 16b). In order to protect the joints (14a, 14b) against excessive stresses caused by bending moments, the carrying frame (10) of the harrow (1) is provided with front and rear cross-beams (11 and 12), of which at least the front cross-beam (11) laterally extends beyond the joints (14a, 14b) of the traction beam (3) and is itself provided with joints (14c, 14d), so that it can also be folded. The front cross-beam (11), which is stiffened against bending moments, protects the traction beam (3) in the manner of a bumper or fender. If required, it also absorbs movements contrary to the traction direction (16c) by means of chain sections (15) with which in particular the outer part of the traction beam (3) is suspended from the adjacent outer part (11b, 11c) of the cross-beam. The cross-beam is stiffened by longitudinal members (20a, 20b) that support the outer parts (11b, 11c) of the cross-beam and whose base on the rear cross-beam (12) is in turn braced by traction members (23a, 23b) with respect to the three-point suspension (8) of the tractor (9), so that it cannot move in the opposite direction to the direction of traction (16c).

Description

(57) Gates, in particular sliding gates, whose support frame (7) has a front cross member (11) and a rear cross member (12), which are connected to each other by longitudinal struts (13a, 13b) arranged therebetween. At least the front cross member (11) extends outwardly over the hinge points (14a, 14b) of the drawn bar (3) and has at least one hinge point (14c, 14d) corresponding to the hinge points (14a, 14b) of the drawn bar (3). At the hinge point (14c, 14d), the outer portions (11b, 11c) are rotatably mounted about the tilting axis (16a, 16b) during operation of the gate (1) substantially horizontal and running in the shear direction (16c). The articulation points (14c, 14d) are laterally contacted by at least one longitudinal beam (20a, 20b), the fastening point (22a, 22b) of the rear beam (12) being tensioned by a tension member (23a, 23b) against the struts (11a, 11b). the front girders 11) lying inside between the hinge points (14c, 14d).

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Technical field

The invention relates to a gate, in particular to a sliding gate with a working part laid on the ground and with a support arm according to claim 1.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Such gates are known in practice, for example from DE-OS 28 18 359. Such gates are built with a wide width to increase the surface performance of earthworks. Also, for very wide gates with a width of, for example, 4 m or even more, to ensure easy and convenient transport on public roads, the transport gates can be folded on both sides. Therefore, the front draw rails and rear sliding rails of the gate are provided with hinge points to form a tilting axis which allows the outer parts of the gate to be tilted about the tilting axis substantially horizontally and in the shear direction so that the working part is collapsible for transport on public roads .

However, especially in the case of larger working widths, the gates in the full working width tilted state have the disadvantage that the hinge points can be subjected to considerable loads during operation when, for example, parts of the drawbar protruding over the width of the tractor are guided against an obstacle. In this way, a bending moment is applied to the drawbars and thus to the corresponding articulation points, which can lead to their bending.

The carrier frame of the known sliding harrow has a front cross strut which lies entirely within the lower articulated point of the tractor's three-point hitch, a rear cross strut which is also formed as part of the gate slip bar and also longitudinal struts arranged between them which are anchored in the upper suspension point of the tractor's three-point linkage and form the outer boundary of the support frame. The use of such support frames allows the working part to be movable independently of the front drawbar in adjusting the unevenness of the soil, since the drawbar is hinged movably over the chains on the support frame. The support frame does not contribute to the avoidance of bending of the hinge points, especially the drawbar.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

On the other hand, the invention is based on the object of providing gates, in particular shear gates, in which the mechanical loads of the hinge points can be reduced when guiding the unloaded part against obstacles.

This object is solved by the measures in the characterizing part of claim 1.

In the context of the invention, in particular, the front transverse strut of the support frame is extended over the longitudinal strut and the hinge joints of the drawbar, possibly over the entire width of the drawbar. The hinge points on the front cross member required for the tilting of the gate are protected by a further measure according to the invention against bending loads possibly occurring in operation. According to the invention, the use of a tensile member to reinforce the weight gain and additional costs and allows the hinged without disassembling the components.

The invention achieves that the compressive load occurring during operation on the external parts, in particular the front cross beam, is removed against the direction of shear of the longitudinal beam outside the laterally touching hinge point on the front cross beam and via a tension member, e.g. of the beam at the rear crossbeam against the part of the front crossbeam located within the hinge, so that the forces acting on the outer part of the front crossbeam are introduced into this longitudinal beam and the tensile member, thereby saving the hinge points on the front crossbeam joint bending.

The invention provides a well-reinforced outer end region of the front cross beam. This makes it possible to use the front crossbars as protective or ejector bars in the sense that it extends in the direction of skidding in front of the front drawbar and before it enters an obstacle, the drawbar Yet the drawbar parts may protect themselves from corresponding but also laterally protruding bars Despite the fact that with the front bending moment, fix the hinge point on the crossbar to additionally reinforce the tension bar, thus making it bending-resistant. For this purpose, it is particularly suitable to suspend the drawbar also in its region lying laterally outside the articulation point on the uppermost section of the traverse reinforced by a tensile element such as a chain which allows relative movement of the drawbar and thus good adaptation to soil unevenness. However, the drawbar is unloaded at the joint of the drawbar by transferring forces to the beam.

It is known from US-PS 4,813,489 to stiffen the front crossbeam with articulated points or to protect the articulated points from bending moment in an economic device, whereby the portions lying laterally outside the articulated points are tensioned by the tensile member with respect to movement against the shear direction. These girders, however, are a beam for soil rollers, whose individual hinged parts are kept largely aligned by tension members. The tensile members are anchored to the longitudinal front drawbar of the farming device to form a sufficiently sharp angle with the shear direction under tensile loading of the outer end of the traverse against the shear direction. This inevitably leads to the wide and thus relatively heavy working part being far behind its attachment to the tractor. This distance leads to a high load on the tractor's lifting mechanism due to the weight of the machine with the long lever arm. Furthermore, it must

tractor to construct a heavy order was taking lifted device enough stable. secondary Preferred embodiments claims. invention are listed in traverse k In the embodiment according to achieving better options Claim 2 also extends to the rear guiding the shear bar, in particular

on tension members, such as a chain, out through the hinge points of the drawbar. However, the extension of the rear cross member allows the attachment of the longitudinal member required to support the articulated points in the direction of travel so that the forces acting on the front member are dissipated by a suitable compressive load on the longitudinal member.

In a further embodiment according to claim 3, the gates are formed symmetrically to the longitudinal center axis, so that the gates also symmetrically load the tractor in the transport position.

Advantageously, the hinge points of the rear and front girders forming the tilting axis of the gates are positioned according to the embodiment of claim 4 in order to safely avoid imposing indeterminate forces on the working part at least approximately in a mating arrangement.

As a simple construction measure, the hinge points according to another embodiment according to claim 5 are formed to guide the outer portions of the gates in the non-tensioned state and to secure against tilting movement in the shear direction by a hinge with a hinge pin coaxial to the tilting axis.

In the embodiment ‘according to claim 6 or 7, the technical costs of the device are simultaneously reduced as shear strips or front beams at the same time as gate pull bars.

A particularly simple mechanical measure for the tensile member of the gates of claim 8 is a non-extensible chain that can be easily attached to suitable fastening points.

Surprisingly, it appears that heavy loads on the tensile member during operation lead to appreciable extensions of the tensile member. This tensile member extension can advantageously be compensated according to claim 9 by a fine tuning device.

A particularly simple and cost-effective adjustment of the tensile device can be achieved by a plurality of locally located attachment points according to claim 10. At these attachment points, a tension member with different anchor lengths can be attached.

The chain adjustment according to claim 11 can be carried out particularly advantageously in m increments with m attachment points. These fastening points are positioned such that they change the fastening length by m-parts of the pitch of the chain link.

Alternatively, the further embodiment does not have only one tilting axis on each side, but at least two according to claim 12. The girders can thus be further extended. As a result, a large surface area of the earthwork can be achieved without exceeding the permissible total height in the folded-down state according to road traffic regulations.

A further embodiment according to claim 13 has for each tilting axis one longitudinal beam with a tensile member released similarly as mentioned above. The tensile member is then tensioned from the point of intersection of the longitudinal beam with the front cross beam to a lateral outwardly extending point of intersection of the longitudinal beam and the rear cross beam, the tilting axis being located between the two reinforced beams.

Description of the drawings

An exemplary embodiment of the invention is further illustrated by the drawing. A single drawing shows the gates behind the tractor in perspective.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In the drawing, the gates 1, here in the form of shear gates, are shown with a working part 2 laid on the ground, consisting of a drawbar 3, a central part 4 with soil crushing elements 5 in the form of spreading elements, a sliding bar 6 and a support frame 7 with a supporting frame The support frame 10 has a front transverse strut 11a and a rear transverse strut 12a, which are connected to each other between the longitudinal struts 13a, 13b.

The front cross strut 11a is extended to form a longitudinally extending front cross beam 11 over the side longitudinal struts 13a and 13b, respectively. Analogously, the rear transverse strut 12a is extended to form the rear cross member 12. In the case of the example, the return traverse 12 also forms the sliding strip 6 of the gate 11. The back traverse 12 and in particular the front traverse 11 are designed with respect to mechanical strength, in particular with respect to high bending moment resistance.

The support frame 7 is formed by a front cross member 11, a rear cross member 12 and longitudinal struts 13a and 13b as well as a support frame 10.

The drawbar 3 of the working part 2 is provided with articulated points 14a, 14b, which allow the working part 2 to be tilted about the tilting axis 16a or 16b running substantially horizontally and in the shear direction 16c, respectively. The tension bar 3 is suspended by several pieces of chains 15 or ropes on the front crossbar 11.

The two crossbars 11, 12 reach outwardly through the hinge points 14a, 14b of the drawbar 3 and also have at the hinge points 14a and 14b of the drawbar 3 suitably located hinge points 14c, 14d, as well as hinge points 14e, 14f which permit tilting movement. the outer crossbeam parts 11b, 11c around the tilting axis 16a or 16b extending substantially horizontally and in the shear direction 16c to the upright position of the outer crossbeam parts 11b, 11c during operation of the gate 1.

In the exemplary embodiment according to the drawing, the gates 1 are formed symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of symmetry 17 so that the right side panel is clearly shown while the arched side panel of the state gate.

1 is fully raised

In contrast to the known shear gates, in which the support frame 10 hinged on the three-point hitch 8 of the tractor 9 has substantially only longitudinal struts 13a and 13b alongside the two crossbars ϋ, 12, at least one longitudinal beam 20a or 20b, which touches laterally outside the hinge points 14c and 14d on the front cross member 11 at the attachment points 21a and 21b, respectively. According to the invention, the fastening point 22a or 22b of the longitudinal beams 20a or 20b on the rear cross member 12 is anchored by a tensile member 23a or 23b in a folded state, in the form of a chain or rope against the transverse struts 11a. and 14d.

If during the movement of the sliding gate even in the direction indicated in the drawing by the arrow 19, for example coming from obstacles like a tree or the like, there is also a force acting on the front traverse 11 against the pulling direction of the sliding gate. on the second tensile member 23b tensioning in the folded-out state of the lateral part and intercepted by the internal transverse struts 11a, the lid 11 of the front cross member 11 so that the fourth articulation point 14d on the support frame 10 finally releases from the mechanical load a beam 22b, a second tensile member 23b and a transverse strut 11a lying there inside, a lid on the three-point hitch 8 of the tractor 9.

When an obstacle, such as soil elevations, acts on the drawbar 1 in the direction of arrow 19, the hinge points 14a and 14b of the drawbar are at risk of bending moment. The stabilization of the outer region of the drawbar 3 against movement against the shear direction 16c is here effected by a piece of chain 15, which in particular suspends the outer portion of the drawbar 3 on the first outer portion 11b of the front crossbar 11. the drawbar 3 into the crossbar 11 and the previously explained procedure is introduced via the second longitudinal beam 20b, the second tensile member 23b and the front cross strut 11a and the second front cross strut 11d of the front cross beam 11 onto the three-point linkage 8 of the tractor. 14b overload bending torque 3.

The articulated points 14a, 14b of the drawbar 3, as well as the articulated points 14c, 14d of the front crossbeam 11 and the corresponding articulated points 14e, 14f of the rear crossbeam 12 are designed as hinges whose articulation pins lie at least approximately in the direction of the tilting axis 16a or 16b and approximately aligned with each other. This results in a tilting movement of the outer portions of the gate 1 with the motorized power cylinder 24, the end position shown in the drawing on the left, around the tilting axes 16a or 16b without imposing undesirable forces on the gate working part 2. shear direction 16c.

Surprisingly, the loading of the tension members 23a and 23b during operation results in the remaining extension of these tension members 23a and 23b, especially in the form of chains. If the tensile members 23a and 23b remain free in the tilted position of the side portions of the gate, as shown in the right-hand side of the drawing, then the forces coming from the arrow 19 into the three-point hitch 8 of the tractor 9 are discharged only after suitable deformation of the front crossbar 11 3. introducing bending moment at the hinge points 14a to 14d. In general, the finishing device 30 is formed as a plurality of two attachment points 31a and 31b for the ends of the tension members 23a or 23b formed as a chain. The fastening points 31a, 31b formed as hooks or eyelets are provided with an engagement engagement (not shown) which excludes an unnoticed release of the connection to the tension member 23a, 23b. The arrangement is such that by suspending the last chain link from the first fastening point 31a to the adjacent second fastening point 31b, the tension is increased, which corresponds to half the pitch of the chain link. Therefore, when the chain pull member 23a or 23b initially fixed at the first attachment point 31a is converted to the second attachment point 31b, the length of the pull member 23a or 23b is reduced by half of the chain link. When further adjustment is required after the restoring of the tension members 23a or 23b, the penultimate chain link is hinged back to the fastening point 31a so that tension is restored by half the pitch of the chain link. In this way, the fine-tuning of the tension member 23a or 23b is ensured in a sufficiently small increment at minimal cost.

In preferred embodiments, the attachment points 31a. or 31b between the longitudinal member 20a and 20b and the tensile member 23a and 23b respectively, a special connection 25 with the rear cross member 12. which allows lateral displacement of the longitudinal beam 20a, 20b in the longitudinal direction of the rear cross member 12 in a suitably formed boundary bracket that forms the upper grip for the coupling pin. This coupling pin prevents movement of the longitudinal beam 20a. 20b in the tensile direction, but allows the longitudinal beam 20a, 20b to move transversely to the tensile direction so that a low elasticity in the tilt process in this movement plane can be noted.

Of course, many variations and changes to the illustrated embodiments are possible without departing from the scope of the invention. Thus, for example, further lateral enlargement of the illustrated gates can be achieved by extending the outer portions 11b, 11c of the front girder 11 as well as the working portion 2 of the gates 1, and preferably providing additional hinge points on both sides that form the tilting axis 16a, 16b. These lateral outer portions of the gates 1 may be optionally offset by 90 ° in the transport position against adjacent portions of the gates 1 still shown in the drawing, thereby renewing the tilt of 90 ° so that it is deposited horizontally over the strong central portion of the gates. the working width of the gates 1 can be further expanded without the need for an additional conveying width. The reinforcement of the additional side parts of the gates even against the load from the direction of the arrow 19 can occur in a completely analogous manner, as already explained, so that additional longitudinal beams 20a, 20b and tension members 23a, 23b are formed. The additional tensile struts preferably do not guide the front traverse 11 in the region of the front transverse strut 11, but in the fastening further inside the longitudinal beam 20a, 20b and front traverse 11, so that the side tension members 23a, 23b do not have an unfavorable angle. 23a, transverse struts

23b, however, 11a and the second region outside their correct multiple weights.

tension

Fine-tuning 23a, 23b is obtained according to the invention, in particular

JUDr.Otafe MrČÍK attorney

Claims (13)

PATENTOVÉ 1. Gates, in particular sliding gates with working part ( 2) to be laid on the ground and a support stand (7), which is located above the working part (2) and connected to the three-point hitch (8) of the tractor (9), the working part (2) having a drawbar (3) provided with at least one articulated point (14a, 14b) permitting the tilting movement of the working part (2) about the tilting axis (16a, 16b) during operation of the gate (1) substantially horizontal and running in the shear direction (16c) through the central part (4) with the element (5) crushing the soil, as well as a shear bar (6), characterized in that the support frame (7) has a front cross member (11) and a rear cross member (12) which are connected to each other between longitudinal struts (13a, 13b) ), at least the front cross member (11) extends from outside above the hinge points (14a, 14b) of the drawbar (3) and has at least one hinge point (14c, 14d) corresponding to the hinge points (14a, 14b) of the drawbar (3) in which the outer parts ( 11b, 11c) about the tilting axis (16a, 16b) during operation of the gate (1) substantially horizontal and running in the shear direction (16c), the articulation points (14c, 14d) laterally contact at least one longitudinal beam (20a, 20b) whose fastening point (22a, 22b) on the rear cross member (12) is tensioned by a tension member (23a, 23b) against struts (Ha, people) front traverses (11) lying in between articulated places (14c, 14d). 2. Gates according to of claim 1 characterized by the rear crossbeam (12) extends outwardly above the hinge points (14e, 14f) of the shear bar (6). Gates according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that they are formed symmetrically along the longitudinal axis (17) of symmetry. Gates according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hinge points (14c, 14d, or 14e, 14f) of the front cross member (11) and the rear cross member (12) are aligned. Gates according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hinge points (14c, 14d and 14e, 14f) are designed as hinges with a hinge pin coaxial to the tilting axis (16a, 16b). Gates according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rear cross member (12) is also designed as a shear strip (6). Gates according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the front cross member (11) is also designed as a pull bar (3). Gates according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pulling member (23a, 23b) is formed by a chain. Gates according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tensile member (23a, 23b) is provided with a fine-tuning device (30). Gateway according to claim 9, characterized in that the adjusting device (30) has locally differently located fastening points (31a, 31b) on which a tension member (23a, 23b) of different anchoring length is fastened. Gates according to claims 8 and 10, characterized in that the fine-tuning device (30) consists of m attachment points, the mth attachment point changing the anchor distance by the mth part of the chain link pitch. Gates according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that they consist of more than one tilting axis (16a, 16b) on each side of the symmetry axis (17). Gateway according to claim 12, characterized in that each tilt axis (16a, 16b) is associated with a longitudinal strut (13a, 13b) with a tensile member (23a, 23b).