CS276476B6 - Rocking arm mechanism - Google Patents

Rocking arm mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
CS276476B6
CS276476B6 CS891610A CS161089A CS276476B6 CS 276476 B6 CS276476 B6 CS 276476B6 CS 891610 A CS891610 A CS 891610A CS 161089 A CS161089 A CS 161089A CS 276476 B6 CS276476 B6 CS 276476B6
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Czechoslovakia
Prior art keywords
rocker
cradle
axis
cylindrical surface
valve
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CS891610A
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Czech (cs)
Slovak (sk)
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CS161089A3 (en
Inventor
Miroslav Ing Manduch
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Zts Turcianske Strojarne
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Priority to CS891610A priority Critical patent/CS276476B6/en
Publication of CS161089A3 publication Critical patent/CS161089A3/en
Publication of CS276476B6 publication Critical patent/CS276476B6/en

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Abstract

Vahadlový mechanizmus tvoři vaTiadlo (1) opierajúce sa o opierku (5) ležiacu v koliske (8). Posuvné uloženie opierky {5} a otočné uloženie kolisky (8) umažnujú změnu časovania a zdvihu ventilu. Vahadlo (1) má prodnú část tvorenú častou valca s válcovou plochou (3) s osou •kolmou na os ventilu (12) a plochou ložiska (2) so stredom křivosti ležiacim na osiwvalca válcovéj plochy (3). Vrchnú část vahadla (1) tvoři odvalovacia plocha (4) spojená s válcovou plochou (3) a spolu tvoria válcová plochu s tvo- , riacou křivkou 3pojitou aspoň do 2. rádu. Vahadlo (1) sa dotýká opierky (5) ležiacej v koliske (8) uloženej v hlavě valcov (18).Rocker mechanism is a va (1) resting on the support (5) lying in koliske (8). Support arm support {5} and rotatably mount the pins (8) valve timing and stroke change. The rocker (1) has a bottom portion formed in part cylinder with cylindrical surface (3) with axis • perpendicular to valve axis (12) and bearing surface (2) with the center of curvature lying on the axis of the cylindrical surface (3). top part of the rocker arm (1) forms the rolling the surface (4) connected to the cylindrical surface (3) and together form a cylindrical surface with , by a curve 3positive to at least 2nd order. Rocker arm (1) touches armrest (5) lying in the head (8) cylinders (18).

Description

Vynáloz sa týks vahadlového mechanizmu vo ventilových rozvodech plastových stroj ον.A rocker arm mechanism in the valve train of plastic machines has been invented.

Napriek známým výhodám sa ovládanis časovania a zdvihu ventilového rozvodu u sériovo vyrábaných motorov nepoužívá, lebo takéto zariadenia sú zložité a neuspokojivé vyriašené. U drahých výkonných motorov sa stále častejšie objavuje měnitelné časevanie ventilového rozvodu. Ngjjednoduchši sposob je využívající mechanizmus, ktorý natáča celý vačkový hriadel, čím mění časovanie presúvaním zdvihu. Calším sposobom je využitie priestorovej vačky, ktorá sa axiálně posúva. Vačka je výrobně náročná a nie je doriešený problém opotrebovania dotykových plech. Tvarem vačky je daná závislost časovania a zdvihu ventilu. Obdobné výsledky docielime sposobom podobným rozvodu OHC s vloženým vahadlem modzi ventil a vačku, ktorá kmitá, Ovládanie sa docieluje přestavením vahadla. Oo snaha vyriošit nezávislé ovládanie časovania a zdvihu ventilu s vhodnějším sposobom regulácie. Oecne z riešení ja hydraulické ovládanie ventilov. Riešenie naráža na problém docielenia prosné daného priebehu otvárania a zatvárania ventilu, k čemu pristupujú problémy provádzkové, odvzudšnenio, netesňosí a stuhnutio oleja při nízkých teplotách. Perspektivným riešením sa javí, vzhladom na velký pokrok elektrotechniky, elektromagnetické otváranie ventilov. Pokusné vyhetovenie je zložité a rozměrově nepřijatelné. 'Despite the known advantages, the control of the timing and stroke of the valve train is not used in series-produced engines, because such devices are complex and unsatisfactory. With expensive high-performance engines, variable valve timing is becoming more and more common. The simplest method is to use a mechanism that rotates the entire camshaft, thereby changing the timing by shifting the stroke. Another way is to use a space cam that moves axially. The cam is difficult to manufacture and the problem of wear of the contact plates is not solved. The shape of the cam is given by the dependence of the timing and the stroke of the valve. We will achieve similar results in a way similar to the OHC distribution with an inserted rocker arm between the valve and the cam, which oscillates. The control is achieved by adjusting the rocker arm. In an effort to solve the independent control of the timing and stroke of the valve with a more suitable method of regulation. In addition to the solution is hydraulic valve control. The solution encounters the problem of achieving a given process of opening and closing the valve, which is approached by problems of operation, deaeration, leaks and solidification of oil at low temperatures. Due to the great progress of electrical engineering, electromagnetic valve opening appears to be a promising solution. Experimental evaluation is complex and dimensionally unacceptable. '

Podstata vynálezu spočívá v zaradení upraveného vahadla s opierkou a kelískou do rozvodového mechanizmu. Priamočiary vratný pohyb vyvedený vačkou ja přenesený na vahadle dotýkajúce sa opierky. Zdvih ventilu začína v miesto přechodu čelnej plochy vahadla do jeho □dvalovacej plochy, pokračuje maximálnym zdvihem a uzavrie ventil v bode začatia zdvihu. Velkost zdvihu sa ovládá priamočiarym posúvaním opierky po dosadacích plochách kolísky. časovanie sa ovládá natočením kolísky s opierkou okolo osi vazbového prvku kolísky a zdvih sa musí kompenzoval posúvaním opierky. Ocdnoduchšie riešenia sú vytvořené nepohyblivým spojením kolísky s hlavou valcov, nepohyblivým spojením opierky s kolískou, alebo ich kombináciou. Oednoduchšio riešonie má znižený účinok. Riešenie se všeobecnou vazbou medzi vahadlem a rozvodovou tyčkou představuje 3alšiu možnost ovládania. Podlá zložitosti riešenia docielime závislú, alebo nezávislú změnu časovania a zdvihu ventilu. Použitie klukového mechanizmu miesto vačkového hriadeía zjednoduší riešenie. Trvalé otvoronie ventilu možné docialit otočením kolísky do polohy trvalého uzavretia ventilu a jeho nasledovným otveroním samostatným machanizmom.The essence of the invention lies in the inclusion of a modified rocker arm with a backrest and a crucible in the distribution mechanism. The rectilinear reciprocating motion brought out by the cam is transmitted to a rocker arm contacting the backrest. The stroke of the valve starts at the point of transition of the front surface of the rocker arm to its □ doubleing surface, continues with the maximum stroke and closes the valve at the point of the beginning of the stroke. The size of the stroke is controlled by the straight movement of the backrest along the bearing surfaces of the cradle. the timing is controlled by rotating the cradle with the backrest around the axis of the cradle coupling element and the stroke must be compensated by sliding the backrest. The simpler solutions are formed by a fixed connection of the cradle to the cylinder head, a fixed connection of the backrest to the cradle, or a combination thereof. A simpler solution has a reduced effect. The solution with a general connection between the rocker arm and the timing rod represents another possibility of control. Depending on the complexity of the solution, we will achieve a dependent or independent change in the timing and stroke of the valve. Using a crank mechanism instead of a camshaft simplifies the solution. Permanent opening of the valve can be achieved by turning the cradle to the position of permanent closing of the valve and its subsequent opening by a separate mechanism.

Použitie vahadlového mechanizmu vo ventilových rozvodech umožňuje nezávislé ovládanie časovania a zdvihu, s trvalým uzavretim, alebo otvoroním ventilu. Využitím nesymetrické j vačky možme docielit nesymetrickú změnu časovania otvárania a zatvárania ventilu. Oednoduchšími riašeniami docielujome závislú změnu časovania a zdvihu. Použitím klukového mechanizmu miesto vačkového hriadelu sa dociali výrobně a konštručné zjednodušeni©. Ovládanie ventilov optimalizuje prácu piestového etroja, pracujúceho s premonlivýra zatažením v rosných otáčkách. Oocieli zvýšenie krútiaceho momentu, výkonu, zlspšenie pružnosti motora a zníženie spotřeby paliva. Umožni zníženíe škodlivin vo výfukových plynech, reguláciu rccirkulácie spalin, vypínanie valcov, lepšie rozvirenie náplně v nízkých otáčkách.The use of a rocker mechanism in the valve train allows independent control of timing and stroke, with permanent closing or opening of the valve. By using an asymmetrical cam, we can achieve an asymmetrical change in the timing of opening and closing the valve. With simpler solutions, we achieve a dependent change in timing and stroke. By using a crank mechanism instead of a camshaft, production and design simplifications have been achieved. The control of the valves optimizes the work of the piston machine, which works with the variable speed by pulling at dew speed. Steel increases torque, power, improves engine flexibility and reduces fuel consumption. It will enable the reduction of pollutants in the exhaust gases, the regulation of flue gas recirculation, the switching off of the cylinders, and the better swirling of the filling at low speeds.

Na připojeném výkrese je znázorněný rez bokorysu rozvodového mechanizmu s novým vahadlovým mechanizmem, kde vačka 15 poháňa vahadlo ,1 prostredníctvom zdvihátka 14 a rozvodovoj tyčky 13, pričom pružina 16 zabezpečuje stály kontakt tejto časti mechanizmu s vačkou 15. Vahadlo 1 sa opiera o opierku 5 ležiacu svojou vrchnou klznou plochou 7 na klzných plochách 9 kolísky £ uloženej prostrodnictvora vazbového prvku 10 v hlavo valcov 18. Vahadlo j. prenáša priamočiary pohyb na ventil 12 prostredníctvom ložiska 11, uloženěho v ploché ložiska 2. Pružina 17 uzatvára ventil 12. V čase ke3 je ventil uzavretý sa vahadlo 2 kíže Čelnou plochou 3 po odvalovacej ploché 6 opierky 5. Zdvih ventilu 12 nastává v miesto přechodu čelnoj plochy 3 vahadla 2 do jeho odvalovacej plochy 4. Vahadlo £ sa počas zdvihu odvaluje po opierke 5. VelkosT zdvihu ventilu 12 ovládáme priamočiarým posuvem opierky 5 v smere šípky 20, čo umožní tvar klznej plochy 7 opierky 5. časůvanis ovládáme otáčaním opiorky £ s kolískou 8 okolo osi vazbového prvku 10, tvořeného čapaní, v smere šípok 21, čím sa mění aj zdvih, ktorý eliminuje posuvem opierky 5. OvládáCS 276 476 B6 nie je vykonávané čapom ovlódacieho mechanizmu v oku vazbového prvku 19.The attached drawing shows a cross-section of a side view of a timing mechanism with a new rocker mechanism, where the cam 15 drives the rocker arm 1 by means of a tappet 14 and a timing rod 13, the spring 16 ensuring constant contact of this part of the mechanism with the cam 15. with its upper sliding surface 7 on the sliding surfaces 9 of the cradle 6 of the intermediate means of the coupling element 10 in the cylinder head 18. The rocker arm j. transmits a rectilinear movement to the valve 12 by means of a bearing 11 mounted in a flat bearing 2. The spring 17 closes the valve 12. At the time when the valve is closed surface 3 of the rocker arm 2 into its rolling surface 4. During the stroke, the rocker arm £ rolls over the backrest 5. The size of the stroke of the valve 12 is controlled by rectilinear movement of the backrest 5 8 about the axis of the coupling element 10 formed by the pinning, in the direction of the arrows 21, thus also changing the stroke which it eliminates by moving the backrest 5.

Vahadlový mechanizmus je možné použit vo ventilových rozvodoch piestových strojav, ktoré pracujú s proměnlivým zatažením pri roznych otáčkách. Vynález je možné výhodná použil v skúšobných motoroch na hladanie optimálneho časovanla a zdvihu ventilového rozvodu.The rocker mechanism can be used in the valve train of piston machines, which work with variable pulling at different speeds. The invention can be advantageously used in test engines to find the optimal timing and stroke of the valve train.

Claims (7)

PATENTOVÉ NÁROKYPATENT CLAIMS 1. Vahadlový mechanizmus ventilového rozvodu piestových strojov složený z vahadla odvalujéceho sa po opierkě klzne uloženej v kolíske, s kolískou výkyvné uloženou v hlavě valcov, kde zadná část vahadla je ovládaná priamočiarym vratným pohybom rozvodu a přetíná část je súvisiáca s ventilom,' vyznačený tým,’ že vahadlo (1) má prednú část tvořenu Častou valca s válcovou plochou (3) s osou kolmou na os ventilu (12) a plochou ložiska (2) so stredom křivosti ležiacim na osi valca valcovoj plochy (3), kde vrchné část vahadla (1) tvoří odvalovacia plocha (4), spojená s válcovou plochou (3) a spolu tvcria válcové plochu s tvoriacou křivkou spojitou aspoň do druhého rádu, ktorou sa vahadlo (1) dotýká čpierky (5) Isžiacej v kolíska (8) uloženej v hlavo valcov (18).A rocker mechanism for a valve train of a reciprocating machine, comprising a rocker rolling on a slide mounted in a cradle, with a rocker pivotally mounted in the cylinder head, the rear part of the rocker being actuated by a rectilinear reciprocating motion of the manifold and the intersecting part being associated with the valve. that the rocker arm (1) has a front part formed by a frequent cylinder with a cylindrical surface (3) with an axis perpendicular to the valve axis (12) and a bearing surface (2) with a center of curvature lying on the cylinder axis of the cylindrical surface (3), (1) forms a rolling surface (4) connected to a cylindrical surface (3) and together forms a cylindrical surface with a forming curve continuous at least to the second order, by which the rocker (1) touches the tip (5) cylinder head (18). 2. Vahadlový mechanizmus podlá bodu 1, vyznačený tým,' že opiorka (5) má tvar lopatky s jednou stranou tvořenou odvalovacou plochou (6) a protilehlou klznou plochou (7) s vazbovým prvkom (19).2. A rocker mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the support (5) has the shape of a blade with one side formed by a rolling surface (6) and an opposite sliding surface (7) with a connecting element (19). 3. Vahadlový mechanizmus podlá bodu 1 a 2, vyznačený tým, že kolíska (8) má tvar strmena s klznou plochou (9) umiestnenou medzi ramenami a na ramsnách umiestncným výkyvným vazbovým prvkom (10), kterého os kývania je totožná s osou valca valcovej plochy (3) vahadla (1), ko3 Sa válcová plocha (3) dotýká odvalovacej plochy (6) opisrky (5) a , opierka (5) je klzne uložená v kolíske (8).3. Rocking mechanism according to items 1 and 2, characterized in that the cradle (8) has the shape of a stirrup with a sliding surface (9) located between the arms and a swinging element (10) arranged on the arms, the pivot axis of which is identical with the cylinder axis. the surface (3) of the rocker arm (1), when the cylindrical surface (3) touches the rolling surface (6) of the rim (5) and the support (5) is slidably mounted in the cradle (8). 4. Vahadlový mechanizmus podlá bodu 1 a 2, vyznačený tým, že kolíska (8) má klznú plochu (8) a je nepohyblivo spojená s hlavou valcov £18).4. The rocker mechanism according to items 1 and 2, characterized in that the cradle (8) has a sliding surface (8) and is fixedly connected to the cylinder head (18). 5. Vahadlový mechanizmus podia bou 1, vyznačený tým, že kolíska (8) má tvar strmena s na ramenách umiostneným vazbovým prvkom (10), ktorého os kývania je totožná s osou valca valcovej plochy (3) vahadla (1), ke3 sa válcová plocha (3) dotýká odvalovacej plochy £6) opierky (5), umiestnenej msdzi ramenami, kde opierka (5) s vazbovým prvkom (19) je súčastou kolísky £8).Rocking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the cradle (8) has the shape of a stirrup with a coupling element (10) arranged on the arms, the oscillation axis of which is identical with the axis of the cylinder of the cylindrical surface (3) of the rocker arm (1). the surface (3) touches the rolling surface £ 6) of the support (5) located between the arms, where the support (5) with the coupling element (19) is part of the cradle (8). 6. Vahadlový mechanizmus podlá bodu 1, vyznačený tým, že opierku (5) tvoří odvalovacia plocha (6), kde opierka £5) je súčastou kolísky (8) a kolíska £3) je nepohyblivo spojená s hlavou valcov £18).6. A rocker mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the abutment (5) is formed by a rolling surface (6), where the abutment (5) is part of the cradle (8) and the cradle (3) is fixedly connected to the cylinder head (18). 7. Vahadlový mechanizmus podlá bodu 1 až 6, vyznačený tým, že v zatínej časti vahadla (i) je umiestncný posuvný vazbový prvek s vazbovým prvkom £19) k ovládaniu, súvisiaci s rozvodovou tyčkou £13).7. Rocker mechanism according to items 1 to 6, characterized in that in the closing part of the rocker (i) there is a sliding coupling element with a coupling element (19) to be actuated, connected to a timing rod (13).
CS891610A 1989-12-08 1989-12-08 Rocking arm mechanism CS276476B6 (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005010182A1 (en) * 2005-03-03 2006-09-21 Entec Consulting Gmbh Variable mechanical valve control for internal combustion engine has intermediate lever, which is connected to valve push rod by means of shaft, such that slide gate roller, is displaced by camshaft in slide gate
US7624711B2 (en) 2005-03-03 2009-12-01 Hydraulik-Ring Gmbh Variable mechanical valve control for an internal combustion engine

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102005010182A1 (en) * 2005-03-03 2006-09-21 Entec Consulting Gmbh Variable mechanical valve control for internal combustion engine has intermediate lever, which is connected to valve push rod by means of shaft, such that slide gate roller, is displaced by camshaft in slide gate
US7624711B2 (en) 2005-03-03 2009-12-01 Hydraulik-Ring Gmbh Variable mechanical valve control for an internal combustion engine

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