CS274086B1 - Method of licks production for farming animals - Google Patents

Method of licks production for farming animals Download PDF

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CS274086B1
CS274086B1 CS425989A CS425989A CS274086B1 CS 274086 B1 CS274086 B1 CS 274086B1 CS 425989 A CS425989 A CS 425989A CS 425989 A CS425989 A CS 425989A CS 274086 B1 CS274086 B1 CS 274086B1
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Czechoslovakia
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mixture
licks
polyhydroxy
plasticizer
particles
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CS425989A
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Czech (cs)
Slovak (sk)
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CS425989A1 (en
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Lukas Rndr Phmr Kral
Norbert Mvdr Ing Csc Benuska
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Lukas Rndr Phmr Kral
Norbert Mvdr Ing Csc Benuska
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Priority to CS425989A priority Critical patent/CS274086B1/en
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Publication of CS274086B1 publication Critical patent/CS274086B1/en

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Abstract

A mixture of inorganic substances containing biogenic ions is enriched with solid plasticizing agent with nutritional value from the group of polyhydroxy alcohols, polyhydroxy acids, amino acids or urea for being liquefied and well-mixed. The binding agent of the particles is inorganic water-less substance that crystallizes in humid environment as decahydrate and creates firm and solid bonds between the particles. The mixture prepared in this way is put into waterproof sacks, in which it solidifies, stiffens and is distributed.

Description

Vynález sa týká sposobu výroby lizov pre užitkové zvieratá s obsahom biogénnych iónov.The invention relates to a method for producing licks for biogenic ion-containing livestock.

Lizy sú pevné tvarovky najčastejšie vo formě nízkých hranolov alebo valcov o hmotnosti 5 až 10 kg. Dávajú sa zvieratám buď do krmných žlabov alebo na pastvu na doplnenie minerálií podlá chuti. Základnou zložkou je spravidla krmná sol', ktorá bola v minulosti v kusoch jediným lizom s obsahom sodíkových a chloridových iónov.Licks are solid fittings, most often in the form of low prisms or cylinders weighing 5 to 10 kg. They are given to the animals either in feeding troughs or grazing to supplement the minerals to taste. The basic ingredient is usually the feed salt, which in the past was the only lick containing sodium and chloride ions.

K nej sa pridávajú dalšie biogénne ióny - vápnik a fosfor ako hydrogen - alebo dihydrogenfosforečnan vápenatý, hořčík vo formě magnezitového úletu a stopové ióny ako sírany alebo chloridy. Tieto zlúčeniny sa dávkuju v rozných fyziologicky odůvodněných pomeroch.To it are added other biogenic ions - calcium and phosphorus such as hydrogen- or calcium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium in the form of magnesite drift and trace ions such as sulphates or chlorides. These compounds are dosed in various physiologically justified proportions.

Vzhladom na svoje určenie majú byť lizy dostatočne pevné, stále voči poveternostným podmienkam a pri olizovaní sa z nich má uvolňovat iba tenká vrstvička.Because of their intended purpose, the licks should be sufficiently strong, stable to weather conditions, and only a thin film should be released from licking.

Zložky lizov sú zlúčeniny s rožnou vnútornou stavbou, tvarom a rozmermi. Preto je tažké vytvořit’ z nich homogénnu sústavu s vyměňovanými vlaBtnosťami a vyrábať ju priemyselným sposobom. Preto sa na přívod minerálií zvieratám volia niekedy technologicky jednoduchšie formy, a to prášky, ktoré sa násypů do lízadla, alebo sa k nim před podáním zvieratám přidá voda do kašovitej konzistencie a nechajú sa stuhnúť.The lick components are compounds with a spherical internal structure, shape and dimensions. Therefore, it is difficult to make them a homogeneous system with exchangeable properties and to produce it in an industrial manner. Therefore, for the supply of minerals to animals, sometimes technologically simpler forms are chosen, namely powders which are poured into the lollipop or added to the slurry prior to administration to the animals and allowed to solidify.

Tieto formy majú nevýhodu, že jednotlivé zložky sa líšia granulometričky a hustotou a aj malý přívod kinetickej energie, například pri dopravě, mdže zapříčinit’ odmiešanie; separácia zlúčenín mikroelementov může spósobiť poškodenie zdravia zvierat. Okrem toho možu zvieratá lízadlo prevrhnút a vysypat.These forms have the disadvantage that the individual components differ in granulometry and density and even a small supply of kinetic energy, for example during transport, may cause agitation; separation of microelement compounds can cause harm to animal health. In addition, the animals can topple and empty the lick.

Příjem minerálií je takto nekontrolovatelný.Mineral intake is thus uncontrollable.

Příprava tuhých lizov z práškov před podáním zvieratám vyžaduje homogenizáciu každej dávky, čo sa uskutočňuje s tažkostami, Tuhé lizy sa hromadné vyrábajú suchým postupom, napr. lisováním alebo spekaním, a mokrou cestou, napr. spájením alebo chemickou reakoiou. Technologicky je jednoduchší mokrý sposob výroby. Pri ňom sa používajú látky alebo zmesi, ktoré majú schopnost spojovat1 tuhé zložky do kompaktného celku. Spojivá musia byť dostatočne tekuté, aby spojovaný povrch bol dostatočne zmáčaný; po určitom čase samovolné stvrdnú buď odpařením vody alebo chemickou reakciou a zachovajú vytvořené spoje. Podobné ako v stavebnej technologii sa na tento účel používá sadra, ktorá je v tráviacora trakte nerozpustná a nestravitelná; alebo Sorellov cement, ktorý sposobuje také stvrdnutie, že pri olizovaní si mózuThe preparation of solid licks from powders prior to administration to animals requires homogenization of each batch, which is done with difficulty. by compression or sintering, and by a wet process, e.g. by brazing or chemical reaction. Technologically, the wet production process is easier. It uses substances or mixtures which have the ability to combine 1 solid components into a compact whole. The binders must be sufficiently fluid that the surface to be joined is sufficiently wetted; after some time they will self-harden either by evaporation of water or by chemical reaction and retain the formed joints. Similar to construction technology, gypsum is used for this purpose, which is insoluble and indigestible in the digestive tract; or Sorell cement, which causes such hardening that it licks when you lick

T v zvieratá odriet jazyk. Naviac dochádza pri uskladňovaní hotového lizu na jeho povrchu k výměně vodnej páry a plynov medzi atmosférou a lizom. Výsledkom nepravidelných zmien vlhkosti a reakcie plynov so zložkami je zvetrávanie zvlášt na styčnej ploché s atmosférou a difúziou i v podpovrchových vrstvách tvarovky lizu. Tým sa lizy znehodnocujú.T in animals rub off the tongue. In addition, when storing the finished lick on its surface, water vapor and gases are exchanged between the atmosphere and the lick. The irregular changes in humidity and the reaction of gases with the components result in weathering, especially on the contact plane with the atmosphere and diffusion, even in the subsurface layers of the lick fitting. This destroys the licks.

Uvedené nevýhody odstraňuje spósob výroby lizov pre úžitkové zvieratá podlá vynálezu, ktorého podstata spočívá v tom, že do pripravenej zhomogenizovanej zmesi sa přidá asimilovatelný plastifikátor v množstve 30 až 100 g na 1 kg zmesi a hygroskopické spojivo v množstve 20 až 80 g na 1 kg zmesi. Potom sa vlhká zmes plní priamo do obalov neprepúšťajúcich vlhkost a nechá sa v nich tuhnút a tvrdnúť.The above-mentioned disadvantages are overcome by the method of producing licks for livestock according to the invention, which comprises adding an assimilable plasticizer in the amount of 30 to 100 g per kg of the mixture and a hygroscopic binder in the amount of 20 to 80 g per kg of the mixture . The wet mixture is then filled directly into moisture-proof containers and allowed to solidify and cure therein.

Spósob podlá vynálezu sa dalej výhodné realizuje tak, že ako plastifikátor sa použije polyhydroxyalkohol, polyhydroxykyselina, aminokyselina, močovina alebo zmes týchto látok. Ako spojivo sa použije bezvodá zlúčenina, ktorá krystalizuje i s veťkým obsahom kryštalickej vody, najma síran alebo uhličitan sodný.The process according to the invention is further advantageously realized by using a polyhydroxy alcohol, a polyhydroxy acid, an amino acid, urea or a mixture thereof as plasticizer. An anhydrous compound is used as a binder and crystallizes with a high content of crystalline water, in particular sodium sulfate or carbonate.

Sposob podlá vynálezu sa realizuje tak, že sa najprv za sucha zhomogenizujú tuhé zložky zmesi, ktoré medzi sebou vzájomne nereagujú. K nim sa přidá voda na zavlhnutie a potom za miešania plastifikátor, ktorý nie je pre organizmus cudzorodou látkou. S ohladom na výhodné využitie biologicky hodnotných poloproduktov aleboThe process according to the invention is carried out by first homogenizing in dry form the solid components of the mixture which do not react with each other. Water for wetting is added thereto, followed by mixing with a plasticizer, which is not a foreign substance to the organism. With respect to the advantageous use of biologically valuable intermediates or

CS 274086 Bl odpadu v potravinárskom alebo oelulózovom priemysle sa možu použit7 i kvapalné koncentráty, ale vtedy sa vlhčiaca voda zníži o jej podiel v roztoku. Po zhomogenizovaní sa ku stekutenej zmesi přidá bezvodý síran alebo uhličitan sodný, připadne ich zmes. Obe zlúčeniny sa v sústave za obyčajnej teploty spontánně premenia na dekahydráty, čím odoberú z prostredia vodu a vytvoria medzi zložkami pevné vazby, takže lizy do 24 h stuhnú a do dvoch dní stvrdnú. Za chladu /+5 až 15 °C/ tento proces trvá dlhšie.EN 274 086 Bl waste from the food industry and oelulózovom 7 may be used as a liquid concentrate, but if the wetting water is reduced by the proportion of the solution. After homogenization, anhydrous sulphate or sodium carbonate is added to the liquefied mixture, or a mixture thereof. Both compounds are spontaneously converted to decahydrates in the system at ordinary temperature, removing water from the environment and forming solid bonds between the components, so that the licks solidify within 24 hours and harden within two days. In the cold (+ 5 to 15 ° C) this process takes longer.

Po zhutnění zmesi na zníženie medzerovitosti sa tuhnutie a tvrdnutie nechá prebiehat už priamo v expedičnom obale, ktorý chrání liz aj zvrchu před atmosférickými vplyvmi a naviac bráni vysychaniu. Ked'obal nemá veko, přikryje sa vrchná plocha fóliou z plastu alebo disperziou polyméru,After compacting the mixture to reduce voidiness, the setting and hardening is allowed to take place directly in the expedition package, which protects also the top from atmospheric influences and furthermore prevents drying out. If the packaging does not have a lid, the top surface is covered with a plastic sheet or polymer dispersion,

Postupom podlá vynálezu sa získajú mechanicky pevné a na lome kompaktně tvarovky. Ich příprava je jednoduchá a manipulácia bez problémov, pričom je až do spotrebovania zaručené ich konstantně zloženie. Poklať sa plastická zmes plní priamo do polyetylénových alebo iných vhodných ohalov, v ktorých stvrdne a sa expeduje, kvalita se nercení a umožňuje to naviac okamžité a priarae použitie. Naviac lizy nezraňujú jazyk zvierat.In the process according to the invention, mechanically rigid and compact fracture pieces are obtained. Their preparation is simple and easy to handle, while their composition is assured constantly until consumption. The plastic mixture is filled directly into polyethylene or other suitable halls, in which it hardens and is shipped, the quality is not appreciated and it allows for immediate and direct use. In addition, licks do not hurt the language of animals.

Nasledujúce příklady realizácie sposob podlá vynálezu deklarujú, ale nijako neohmedzujú.The following examples illustrate but do not limit the methods of the invention.

Příklad 1Example 1

V miesačke sa zhomogenizuje 440 kg krmnej soli, 10 kg premixu mikroelementov,440 kg of feed salt, 10 kg of microelement premix are homogenized in the mixer,

190 kg magnezitového úletu a 190 kg hydrogénfosforečnanu vápenatého. Potom sa k homogénnej zmesi za miešania přidá 90 kg vody a po rovnomernom zvlhčení 60 kg chloridu lyzínia. Ked1sa zmes stane plastickou, dodá sa k nej 30 kg kalcinovaného síranu sodného a mieša sa 25 až 30 minút. Potom sa vypústa do obalov nepriepustných pre vlhkost Příprava sa robí za obyčajnej teploty.190 kg of magnesite drift and 190 kg of calcium hydrogen phosphate. Thereafter, 90 kg of water is added to the homogeneous mixture with stirring, and after uniformly moistening 60 kg of lysine chloride. 1 When the mixture becomes plastic, supplied thereto 30 kg of calcined sodium sulphate and stirred for 25-30 minutes. It is then discharged into moisture-proof containers. The preparation is carried out at ordinary temperature.

Příklad 2Example 2

Postupuje sa ako v příklade 1 s tým rozdielom, že ako plastifikátor sa použije sacharóza.The procedure is as in Example 1 except that sucrose is used as the plasticizer.

Příklad 3Example 3

Postup ako v příklade 1, ale na navlhčenie sa použije 50 1 vody a ako plastifikátor 60 % hmot. sirup před kryštalizáciou D-xylózy v množstvé 100 kg.Procedure as in Example 1, but using 50 l of water for wetting and 60% by weight of plasticizer. syrup before crystallization of D-xylose in an amount of 100 kg.

Příklad 4Example 4

Do miešačky sa dávkuje za miešania 640 kg krmnej soli, 10 kg premixu mikroelementov a 100 kg magnezitového úletu. Po zhomogenizovaní sa přidá 80 kg vody a 50 kg sacharózy. K plastickej zmesi sa přidá 50 kg bezvodého síranu sodného, 20 kg uhličitanu sodného a mieša sa 25 až 30 minút.640 kg of feed salt, 10 kg of microelement premix and 100 kg of magnesite drift are metered into the mixer with mixing. After homogenization, 80 kg of water and 50 kg of sucrose are added. To the plastic mixture was added 50 kg of anhydrous sodium sulfate, 20 kg of sodium carbonate and stirred for 25-30 minutes.

Claims (3)

1. Sposob výroby lizov pre úžitkové zvieratá obsahujúce biogénne ióny vyznačujúci sa tým, že do pripravenej zhomogenizovanej zmesi sa přidá asimilovatelný plastifikátor v množstve 30 až 100 g na 1 kg zmeBi a hygroskopické spojivo v množstve 20 až 80 g na 1 kg zmesi, a vlhká zhomogenizovaná zmes sa priamo plní do obalov neprepúšťajúcich vlhkost' a nechá sa stuhnút.1. A method for producing licks for livestock containing biogenic ions, characterized in that an assimilable plasticizer is added to the prepared homogenized mixture in an amount of 30 to 100 g per kg of mixture and a hygroscopic binder in an amount of 20 to 80 g per kg of mixture, and wet. the homogenized mixture is directly filled into moisture-proof containers and allowed to solidify. 2. Sposob podlá bodu 1. vyznačujúci sa tým, že ako plastifikátor ea použije polyhydroxyalkohol, polyhydroxykyselina, aminokyselina, močovina alebo zmes týchto látok.2. The process of claim 1, wherein the plasticizer ea is a polyhydroxy alcohol, a polyhydroxy acid, an amino acid, urea, or a mixture thereof. 3. Spósob podlá bodu 1. vyznačujúci sa tým, že ako spojivo sa použije bezvodá látka, ktorá sa vyskytuje aj ako hydrát s vačším obsahom kryštalickej vody, najma síran alebo uhličitan sodný.3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the binder used is an anhydrous substance which is also present as a hydrate having a greater content of crystalline water, in particular sodium sulphate or carbonate.
CS425989A 1989-07-12 1989-07-12 Method of licks production for farming animals CS274086B1 (en)

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