CS271437B1 - Machine for knitted fabric production - Google Patents

Abstract

It is a machine for knitted fabric manufacturing, including a knitting motion consisting of guide elements and a system of knitting needles arranged in a swivelling manner in a transverse needle lath in a level parallel to the shutting edge of the fabric and in a sliding way in a guiding bar arranged transversally across the knitting needle system and equipped with pins on both sides, arranged in sliding way in support arms connected by means of pull rods with battens leaning against the guiding surface, arranged in a swivelling way around vertical pins and motion-connected with cams, connected by 2 : 1 gear ratio with a machine crankshaft and a device for alternating the multiphase motion of the knitting needles to the left and right guiding position. The guiding comb (46), arranged in a sliding way in the needle lath (32) is touching an axial extension piece (51, 51') of the guiding surfaces (37a, 37 a') of the guiding arms (37, 37'),where through an imaginary connection line (67) of vertical pins (38, 38') of the guiding arms (37, 37') rotation momentary swing axes of the needles (17) in their multiphase motion move through.<IMAGE>

Description

It is a machine for the production of knitted fabric, comprising both a knitting device formed by a set of pulleys and a set of knitting needles, pivotable in a cross needle bar in a plane parallel to the striking edge of the fabric and sliding in a guide comb arranged across the set of knitting needles sides with pins slidably mounted in the support arms, connected by a drawbar linkage and resting on the guide surface of the steering arms rotatably mounted around the vertical pins and movably connected by 8 cams, connected by a 2: 1 8 crankshaft of the machine and secondly needles to the left and right laying position. The guide ridge (46) slidably mounted in the needle bar (32) touches the axial extensions (51, 51 *) of the guide surfaces (37a, 37a *) of the control arms (37, 37 *), the imaginary link (67) of the vertical pins (38, 38 *) the pivoting of the control arms (37, 37 *) substantially extend the instantaneous pivot axes of the knitting needles (17) as they move in multiphase motion.

FIG

CS 271 437 Bl

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a knitting machine comprising a spike with a spoke, a device for controlling the movement of a spool between a forward and a rear position, a warp thread yarn, a heddle control device and a knitting device for forming warp knitting. in which the weft yarns are guided, on the one hand by a set of knitting needles, on the other hand by pivoting pins in a cross needle bar in a plane parallel to the striking edge of the fabric, in the support arms connected by the linkage to the perch and supported by the guide surface of the steering arms pivotally mounted around the vertical pins and movably connected in the cams connected by the 2: 1 transmission in the machine crankshaft, a device for deriving relative movement between the guides m comb and needle bar for the multi-phase movement of knitting needles, in which, for the first shed, the hooks of the knitting needle hooks * travel from the front position to the left laying position and back to the forward position; wherein the paths of the knitting needle hooks are arranged symmetrically about the longitudinal axis of the knitting needles in their forward position.

The machine of this type, which is the subject of the author's certificate No. 243 555, is characterized by its simplified construction, higher operational reliability of the knitting mechanism, higher parameters of performance and quality of the pietot fabric and reduced stress of weft material enabling processing. spun yarns ·

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the invention is to propose design variants of the knitting device of a knitting machine according to the author's certificate 243 555, with advantageous mechanical parameters.

The above-mentioned condition is substantially fulfilled by the knitting machine, which according to the invention is characterized in that the guide comb, slidably mounted in the needle bar, touches the axial extensions of the guide surfaces of the steering arms, with the instantaneous axes swing of knitting needles during their multiphase movement.

According to one variant of the solution, the guide comb is slidably mounted in the needle bar in the area behind the row of knitting needle pins.

According to another variant of the solution, the guide comb is slidably mounted in the needle bar in the area in front of the row of knitting needle pins.

According to a preferred arrangement, the guide surfaces of the steering arms extend through the vertical pivots of the steering arms.

An exemplary embodiment of the machine according to the invention is schematically shown in the drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a side view of the knitting machine; FIG. 2 shows a non-fabric knitting machine; 2, fig. 4, 5 knitting device in individual stages of knitting needles movement, in partial top view, fig. 6 knitting device in some stages of knitting needles movement, in partial side view, fig. 7 knitting machine without fabric, with variant of knitting Fig. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view taken along line VIII-VIII in Figs. 7 and 9 of the knitting machine's functional device, in a partial side view.

CS 271 437 Bl

The knitting machine, see FIGS. 1, 2, comprises a warp roller 1 with warp yarns 2., a weft roller 2 with weft yarns 6, a clamp 2 &apos; a spike 7 rotatably mounted on a stationary subplate 8 and a knitting device 2. The fabric to be formed 10 is wound in a winding device 11. The spike carrying the spoke 12 is connected by a connecting rod 13 to a crank 14 of the crankshaft 15 and moves between partially shown forward position I and rearward position II ·

Brdo ^28e controls by known means (not shown), for example a lever mechanism, controlled by a system of shed cams provided on the camshaft driven by the transmission of gears from the crankshaft 15.

The knitting device 2 comprises a set of laying members 16 and a set of equal number of knitting needles 17 'having a shank 18, a play 18, a hook 20 and a tongue 21.

The laying members 16 are in the exemplary embodiment / FIG. 1, 2 / healds 22 of healds of the auxiliary healdsheet 23 connected by a rod 24 to a footstock 25 mounted on a resilient counterweight 26 and rotatably supported on a cross bar 27¾ mounted in the sidewalls 28. 28 * of the machine / FIG. 2 /. The pulley 29 of the footrest 25 touches the cam 30. keyed on the crankshaft 15 «

The heald blades 6a, 6b and the auxiliary heald blade 23 are slidably mounted in side guides (not shown) provided on the machine frame.

The knitting needles 17 swing in successive sheds alternately to the right and left laying positions, their hooks performing a multiphase movement which is the interaction of the knitting needle moving device between the forward and rear positions and the side knitting needle moving device in successive shed .

The knitting needles 17 are pins 31 provided at the end of the shaft 18 &apos; on the opposite side to the hook 20, pivotally mounted in corresponding holes arranged side by side in a row in the needle bar 32 which is pins 33, 33 *. see Figs. 1, 2, rotatably and slidably mounted in the seats 34. 34 * of the support arms 35. 35 *. rotatably mounted on the transverse support rod 36. The pins 21, 33 &apos; are in contact with the guide! surfaces 37a. 37a * control arms 37. 37 *. pivotally mounted in vertical pins 38. 38 *. 2, provided on the sidewalls 28, at the outlet 36, 39 * of the control arms 37. 37 *, a roller 40, 40 'guided in the groove of the axial cam 41, 41 * is rotatably mounted. rotatably mounted on a pin 42 provided on the outside of the sidewalls 28. 28 *. the axle cam pin 41 * is not shown. The axial cam 41. 41 * is connected to the gear 43 43. 43 *. which engages the gear 44 at a ratio of 2: 1. fastened outside the sidewalls 28. 28 * at the end of the crankshaft 25. The support arms 35. 35 * are connected to the perch 2 by means of the drawbars 45, 45 *, so that they oscillate accordingly.

Knitting needles 17 The stalks 18 are slidably mounted in the gaps of the guide ridge 46 slidably mounted in the longitudinal groove 47 provided in the needle bar 32 in a section upstream of the row of pins 21 · ^ν θ of the operating position. A support bar 48 is mounted stationary behind and parallel to the needle bar 32 and attached to the sidewalls 28, 28 *. whose edge 49 defines a trailing edge on the fabric 10 being pulled over the transverse guide rail 90.

The guide ridge 46 is extended from both sides by axial extensions 51, 51 *. see fig.

2, their ends touching the shoulders 37. 37 *. Length of control ridge 46 including axial extensions 22, 51 *. is equal to the length of the needle bar 32. including the pins 33. 33 *.

CS 271 437 B1

The points of contact of the pins 21 »33 * with the control arms 21» 37 * are more distant from the vertical pins 25 »38 ^r than the points of contact of the axial extensions 51« 51 * with the control arms 22 »37 *. so that given the swing of these arms, the travel path of the needle bar 22 is proportionally larger than that of the guide ridge 46. By selecting the distances between the row of pins 21 and the guide ridge 46 on the needle bar 32, the desired position

The needle bar 32 (FIG. 1) performs a movement from the dashed front position III in the direction of arrow 52 to a rear position IV and a backward movement in the direction of arrow 21 ' _t derived from the movement of the spike,. 2 to the rightmost position V and in the direction of the arrow 55 to the leftmost position VI, not shown, derived from the course of the axial cams 41-41 *.

Axial cam £ 1.41 *. see FIG. 2, has two opposing sections 56, 57 and 56 *. 57 &quot; When rotating the axial cam 41 &apos;, 41 &apos; in the direction of arrow 25 &apos;. FIG. ¹ & quot ^; &quot;

The underframe 8, the crankshaft 15, the support rail 48, and the support rod 36 are supported by conventional means (not shown) in the sidewalls 28. 28 *. see Fig. 2.

The winding device 11 &apos;, as shown in FIG. 1, comprises a conventional draw-off rough roller 59 &apos; and a pressure roller 60 and a commodity roller 61 which are part of a known commodity regulator (not shown).

Axial cams 41 «41 *« arms 37 «37 *. needle bar 22. »guide ridge 46. support arms 35« 35 * and draw bars 45 «45 * form a device for the controlled six-phase movement of the knitting needles 17 in two successive sheds, respectively. during one revolution of the axial cams 41, 41 * and two turns of the crankshaft 15.

At one rotation of the crankshaft 15, the spike 7 moves from the forward position I to the rear position II and back and simultaneously the outrigger arms 35 '.35 *. The purpose of the cam 30 is to ensure reliable weft yarn placement into the hooks 20 of knitting needles 17'. The stitches 22, which, during the Desphase movement of the knitting needles, occupy respective positions, which will be explained in more detail in the following.

Figs. 4, 5 show the main positions a, b,?, A *. d, e, f, d ^r and the interposition a ^, bp of the knitting needle ΐχ in its six-phase movement, seen from above, and Fig. 7 shows the knitting needle in corresponding main positions д, b, £, a * and intermediate positions Др bp in view from the side. *

Giant. 4, 5 show the positions of the needle bar 32 with the guide comb 46 &apos; of the knitting needle 17 and spoke 12, and FIG. 7 shows the positions of the needle bar 32 with the guide comb 46 &apos;

the needles 17, the beam 12. the stitches 22 of the backing of the auxiliary heald blade 23 and the heald leaves δ, 6b. Each knitting needle 17 cooperates in two weft yarns 6 located to the left and right of the knitting needle 17 in its initial forward position. For the sake of clarity, the left weft yarn is designated 4a and the right weft yarn 4b, and the group of warp yarns located between these weft threads 4д, 4b is marked 2д, see Figures 4, 5.

In the six-phase movement of knitting needles, the individual functional organs work as follows:

СБ 271 437 B1

Phase 1

The hook 20 of the knitting needle 17 moves along a curve path from the forward position A (FIG.

4, 6 - main position a) to the left laying position В (fig. 4, 6 - main position b). In the forward position A, the knitting needle 17 is parallel in the warp threads 6 (FIG. 4), the heald blades 6a. 6b are in line, the loop 22 with the weft thread 4a in the starting position VII above the warp threads 6 in the shed closed, the beam 12 is in the forward position I and the needle bar 32 in the forward position III (FIG. 6). During Phase 1 (Figs. 4, 6 - intermediate position a), shed of the warp threads 6 is formed by lifting the heald shaft 6a in the direction of arrow 62 and by pulling the heald shaft 6b in the direction of arrow 63. the knitting needle 17 in the guide ridge 46 pivots to a position corresponding to the movement of the needle bar 32 in the direction of the arrows 52. 54. Simultaneously with the movement of the heald plates 6a, 6b, the loop 22 in the direction of arrow 64 has been raised to the upper position VIII. This movement of the stitch 22 ensures that the hook 20 of the knitting needle 17 enters the opening shed below the weft yarn section 4a defined by the stitch 22 and the striking edge of the fabric.

At the end of phase 1 (Figs. 4, 6 - main position b) the beam 12 is in the rear position II. the needle bar 32 in the rightmost position V and the rearward position IV with the shed fully open and the hook 20 of the knitting needle 17 in the left laying position B, in which the perpendicular projection of the weft yarn 4a points through the bead 19 of the knitting needle 17. In the laying position B, the eyelet 22 has dropped from the upper position VIII in the direction of arrow 65 to the locking position IX (FIG. 6 - main position b), which ensures that the weft yarn 4a and the knitting needle 17 abut.

Phase 2

The hook 20 of the knitting needle 17 moves back along a curve path from the left laying position V to the alignment position 6 (FIGS. 4, 6 - main position c), in which the knitting needle 17 is again parallel in the warp threads.

The intermediate position in FIG. 6 shows the retraction of the heald shaft 6a in the direction of the arrow 63 and the stroke of the heald blade 6b in the direction of the arrow 62 to the crowd, the backward movement of the needle bar 32 in the arrow direction 52, 55. (Fig. 6 - Intermediate position), thereby ensuring that the weft thread 4a reliably slips from the breasts 19 into the open hook 20 of the backwardly moving knitting needle 17. In the lower position X, the loop 26 lies near the lower shed plane of the warp threads. £. The position of the needle bar 22 ^{at the} end of phase 2 (FIGS. 4, 6 - main position c) corresponds to its intermediate position ay in FIGS. 4, 6.

Phase 3

It includes the backward linear movement of the hook 20 of the knitting needle 17 to the forward position A, derived from the movement of the needle bar 32 in the direction of the arrow 53 to its forward position III, with the trailing leaves 6a, 6b completing the movement. and the spoke 12 in the forward position 1 pushes the formed connecting loop 66 out of the weft thread 4a in the leading edge to the fabric 10 (Figs. 4, 6 - main position etc.).

CS 271 437 B1

Upon returning the knitting needle 17 to the forward position, the weft thread 8 is retained in the open hook 20, wherein the old loop formed in the preceding knitting phase, strung on the shank 16 of the knitting needle 17, closes the hook 21 with a tongue 21 (FIG. In the subsequent movement of the knitting needle from the forward position to the respective laying position, the new eyelet opens the tongue 21 so that the knitting needle with the open hook 20 enters the opening shed.

In order to prevent the hook 20 from spontaneously closing with the tongue 21 when the knitting needle moves into the opening shed, it is necessary for the knitting needle to move from the very beginning along a curved path in which the warp threads of the upper shed are parallel to the longitudinal axis of the knitting needle. it will not allow the tab 21 to close the hook 20.

Stages 1 to 3 are followed by phases 4 to 6 (Fig. 5 - main positions d to f, d /), in which the hook 20 of the knitting needle 17 moves after shed change from the front position Д to the opposite right laying position D (FIG. 5 - main position e) in which the right weft thread 4b, located on the opposite side of the group 2a of the warp threads 2, is loaded into the open hook 20 by the movement of the loop 22 as described above. ,

In Phase 4 to 6 (Fig. 5 - main positions d, to?, D?), The beam paths 12 and the stitches 22 are the same as in phases 1 to 3. Only the needle bar 32 moves from the forward position III in the direction of the arrows 52, 55 to the left extreme position VI and the rear position IV and back in the direction of the arrows 53, 54 to the forward position III.

While the machine is running, the knitting needles 17 move from the starting position through the warp thread group 2a to the left laying position В and engage the left weft yarns 4a located to the left of the warp thread group 2a, and form back from the warp yarn new stitches, wherein the stitch connecting loops 66 are imbibed by the spoke 12 to the fabric 10. After knocking, they enter the new opening shed of the knitting needles 17 while the old stitches are threaded over the new stitches, and move to the right laying position D to receive the right weft yarns 4b located to the right of the warp yarn group 2a. In this way, a knitting warp weave is formed having stitches of stitches alternating from stitches of weft yarns, the linking loops of the stitches intermingling with groups of warp yarns in a weaving weave. This knit warp weave is the subject of the author's certificate No. 162 120.

In an exemplary embodiment of the knitting machine, the laying members are formed by heddle guides of the cam follower, the course of which ensures the working movements of the weft yarns during the six-phase movement of the knitting needles. The auxiliary heald blade may optionally be operated separately by a conventional heald blade machine.

Optionally, the laying members may be formed by means other than the supports of the backing sheet which would provide a programmed stroke and contraction of the weft yarns during the knitting weaving cycle.

The time course of the various phases of the movement of the knitting needles is adjusted by the shape of the groove of the radial cam in order to achieve optimal cooperation of the knitting mechanism, shed mechanism and movement of the spar to produce the knitted fabric of the desired type and quality.

CS 271 437 B1

Fig. 3, which is a section along line III-III in Fig. 2, shows the relative position of the control ridge 46 and the row of pins 31.

Giant. 7 shows a variant embodiment of the device according to which a plurality of pins 31 are arranged in the rear of the needle bar 32 and the control comb 46 is slidably mounted in the longitudinal groove 42 provided in the front of the needle bar 32 in the operating position; VIII is shown in FIG. 8.

The points of contact of the pins 33, 33 * with the control arms 37, 37 * are less distant from the vertical pins 38, 38 * than the points of contact of the axial extensions 51, 51 * in the control arms 37, such that By selecting the distance between the row of pins 31 and the control ridge 46, the desired position of the knitting needle hook 20 in the open shed can be achieved.

During the operation of the device according to FIG. 7, a six-phase movement of the knitting needles 17 is again generated.

The first condition for optimum operation of the device according to the invention in multiphase motion is that the instantaneous pivot axis of the knitting needles 17 passes at the point of the knitting loop through the trailing edge of the fabric 10 and that the imaginary link 67 of the vertical pins 38. ) go through essentially instantaneous pivot axes of knitting needles 17 ·

The first condition is that the instantaneous swivel axis of the knitting needle passes through the apparent edge of the fabric 10. meets the device of Figures 2 and 7. When swiveling the knitting needle 17, at least two points must describe the contoured circles whose center is identical to the instantaneous swivel axis of the knitting needle. Practically, the device is arranged such that the pins 31 of the knitting needles 17 circumscribe the circle about the pivot axis, whereby the points where the knitting needle contacts the guide ridge 66 also describe the circle about the pivot axis of the knitting needle.

Because of the need to rotate at least two points of the knitting needle along a circle centered on the instantaneous pivot axis of the knitting needle, the guide comb 46 can be positioned at any position of the knitting needles at any distance from the punch edge of the fabric 10 in the plane of the knitting needles 17 away from the spoke 12. any distance means zero and greater. In Fig. 2, the guide ridge 46 is positioned in front of the row of pins 41, while in Fig. 7 it is disposed between the leading edge of the fabric 10 and the row of pins.

Also the arrangement according to which the guide ridge 46 is located at zero distance from the leading edge, as is the case of the author's certificate No. 243 555, also satisfies this condition. The amount of movement of the needle bar 32 and the guide ridge 46 depends on the distance of these elements from the leading edge Therefore, at a zero distance of the guide ridge 46 from the trailing edge, the guide ridge is stationary.

The second condition is advantageous from the viewpoint of knitting technology. In the event of a possible adjustment of the device, the imaginary connector 67 of the vertical pins 38, 38 * can be displaced relative to the leading edge of the fabric 10 in both directions.

Giant. 9 explains the first condition in more detail. The swinging knitting needles 17 lie in the swivel plane 68. In each position, the knitting needles 17 swing about the instantaneous swivel axis 69. On the swivel plane 68, the plane 70 is perpendicular so that the intersection 71 of both planes is equal CS 271 437 B1 9 shows that the instantaneous pivot axis 69 of the knitting needle 17 and the leading edge are perpendicular to the plane 70 perpendicular to each other.

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION

Claims (4)

A knitting machine comprising a β-beam spar, a device for controlling the movement of a spar between a forward and a rear position, a warp yarn, a warp control device, and a knitting device for forming a warp knitting weave which is formed by a set of rollers in which the weft yarns are guided, on the one hand by a set of knitting needles, on the other hand by pivoting pins in a transverse needle bar in a plane parallel to the striking edge of the fabric; in the support arms connected by the linkage to the perch and supported by the guide surface of the control arms rotatably mounted around the vertical pins and coupled by cams, connected by a 2: 1 transmission in the machine crankshaft, a device for deriving relative movement between the guide rack and the needle It fills the multi-phase movement of the knitting needles in which, in the first shed, the paths of the knitting needle hooks travel from the forward position to the left laying position and back to the forward position, and the second shed from the forward position to the right laying position and back to the forward position. the paths of the hooks of the knitting needles are arranged symmetrically to the longitudinal axis of the knitting needles in their forward position, characterized in that the guide comb (46) slidably mounted in the needle bar (32) touches the axial extensions (51, 51 *) of the guide surfaces ( 37a, 37a *) of the control arms (37, 37 *), wherein the imaginary connector (67) of the vertical pivots (38, 38 *) of the pivoting of the control arms (37, 37 *) passes the instantaneous pivot axes (69) of the knitting needles (17) their multiphase motion · Machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the guide comb (46) is slidably mounted in the needle bar (32) in the region behind the row of pins (31) of the knitting needles (17). Machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide comb (46) is slidably mounted in the needle bar (32) in the region upstream of the row of pins (31) of the knitting needles (17). Machine according to Claim 1, characterized in that the guide surfaces (37a, 37a *) of the control arms (37, 37 *) extend through the vertical pivots (38, 38 *) of the pivoting of the control arms (37, 37 *). 7 drawings CS 271 437 B1