CS262876B1 - Partial synthetic engine oil - Google Patents

Abstract

The solution concerns the field of motor oils. The oil consists of base oil with synthetic and petroleum constituents and \ t ticking ingredients. Base oil contains at least 10 7 wt. synthetic ingredients composed of poly-n-butene oil and at least 30 7 ° wt. an oil component formed by oil raffinate with a minimum viscosity index 90, and contains an extender, 1.5 to 18% by weight; detergent-dispersant blends 0.3 to 15 wt. viscosity modifier or a mixture of viscosity modifiers, at most 8 wt. ash type lubricant additives not more than 0.01 wt. Antivariate additives such as polymethylsiloxane or polyvinylsiloxane.

Description

The invention relates to a partially synthetic engine oil consisting of a base oil with a synthetic and petroleum component and refining additives.

There are a number of requirements for modern oils for lubrication of internal combustion engines, in particular more heavily loaded engines. The oils must have a sufficiently high thermo-oxidative stability and an alkaline reserve, as low as possible ash content, low evaporation and foaming capacity, sufficiently high rust-proofing capacity, lubricating film bearing capacity and lubricity. All-season, multi-grade oils, allowing easy engine start even at the lowest outdoor temperatures, should have the lowest viscosity at low temperatures and high shear stability and thus be stable in viscosity throughout the use.

The balanced required properties of engine oils are the result of a suitable base oil composition, and possibly the properties of its components and a suitable refining agent composition, i.e. antioxidants, anticorrosive, anti-wear and lubricant, detergent dispersants, viscosity modifier and viscosity index, depressant and anti-foam. . Some properties of base oil, respectively. It is either essential or essential for the desired resultant properties of the engine oil, since their composition depends on the composition and content of the necessary refining additives.

Compared to petroleum raffinates, hydrogenated polymers excel in a mixture of 1- and 2-butenes with an unlimited proportion of 1-butene or 2-butene and a maximum content of 3% by weight. isobutylene / poly-n-butene oils / mainly in the following characteristics:

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- 2 They have excellent thermo-oxidative stability. They are thermally stable up to about 300 [deg.] C., when they decompose, but do not leave coke deposits on hot surfaces due to their decomposition into monomers. because of their alkanic character, they are highly susceptible to oxidation inhibitors and their stability to oxidation at higher temperatures or exposure to ultraviolet light can therefore be significantly increased even by the relatively small addition of an oxidation inhibitor. The isoalkanic character is the cause of their relatively low natural freezing points, and even at very low temperatures they do not become turbid because they do not contain solid paraffins. The rheological properties of low freezing point poly-n-butene oils are relatively good and their low temperature viscosities are similar to or better than the viscosities of deeper dewaxed petroleum raffinates with the same viscosities measured at higher temperatures, 40 and 100 ° C, respectively.

since they have a non-Newtonian character, its viscosity changes not only with temperature and pressure, but also with shear stress, and in this respect only petroleum oils containing polymeric viscosity modifiers are comparable to them. Therefore, engine oils prepared from base oils containing a greater proportion of poly-n-butene oil are always multigraded type oils. Due to their low average molecular weight, the poly-n-butenes are virtually shear stable and therefore the engine oils prepared therefrom are very stable in viscosity.

Advantages of poly-n-butene oils are their very good susceptibility to most upgrading additives, except for very polar additives, low foaming, low evaporation up to their decomposition temperatures, good de-emulsifying ability, non-corrosion, colorless and color fastness, non-toxic, miscibility with other types of oils, petroleum and low polar synthetic oils, have at most a slight odor and are biodegradable.

All of these properties of poly-n-butene oils are important in order to achieve the desired utility properties of motor oils, and therefore their use as base oil components in blends with petroleum raffinates is beneficial.

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Nowadays, polybutene oils are used as thickening agents instead of heavy petroleum oils in blends with petroleum distillates of oil distillates in the preparation of base oils for the production of lubricating oils. These polybutene oils are, however, polymers of only isobutylene / or mixtures thereof with n-butenes, with a significantly prevailing proportion of isobutylene, for example about 75% by weight. % isobutylene and about 25 wt. of n-butenes.

These problems are solved by a partially synthetic motor oil consisting of a base oil with a synthetic and petroleum component and refining additives. Its essence is that the base oil contains at least 10 wt. Synthetic constituents consisting of poly-n-butene oil with a MW of 500 to 850, a polydispersity of 1,15 to 1,55, a viscosity of 5 to 25 mm ² / s at 100 ° C, a VI of at least 40 and a pour point of not more than -15 % And at least 50 wt. petroleum constituents consisting of petroleum oil raffinate having a viscosity of 4,5 to 15 mm ² / s at 100 ° C, with a VI of at least 90, a freezing point of not more than -8 ° C, a flash point of at least 170 ° C and refining additives 0.5 to 5 wt. an antioxidant of the alkyl or alkylaryl type, or zinc diaryldithiophosphate, 1.5 to 18 wt. detergent dispersant mixtures containing calcium and / or magnesium alkylarylsulfonate with TBN up to 400 mg KOH / g, foal and / or magnesium alkylphenolate with TBN up to 500 mg KOH / g, calcium and / or magnesium alkyl salicylate with TBN up to 180 mg KOH / % g, succinimide, bissuccinimide, Mannich product, alkenyl maleate anhydride and pentaerythritol ester, 0.5 to 15 wt. a viscosity modifier or a mixture of viscosity modifiers made of polymethacrylate, for example of the dispersion type, acting as a depressant, an ethylene-propylene copolymer, a styrene-diene copolymer, not more than 8% by weight; ash type lubricants, for example graphite, fluorographite, molybdenum disulphide, organic molybdenum compounds, potassium triborate or ashless type, for example higher alcohols thereof having a carbon content of at least 10 or esters thereof, optionally containing nitrogen in the form of amines and amides. Further, it may contain at most 1 wt. % antioxidant of the alkylphenol type and not more than 0.01 wt. anti-foaming agents, for example of the polymethylsiloxane or polyvinylsiloxane type.

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The essential advantage of the oil according to the invention lies in its excellent utility properties.

The oil according to the invention is described in more detail below in several exemplary embodiments.

Example 1

An automotive engine oil of 96.89 wt. base oil and 5.10? % wt. refining additives. The base oil consisted of 55.29 wt. % high pressure hydrogenate having a viscosity of 7.2 mm ² / s at 100 ° C, a viscosity index of 95, a flash point / OK / 252 ° G and a pour point of -12 ° G and ^a 45.61 wt. 65% of the distillation residue of the hydrogenated polymer of n-butene mixture having a viscosity (mm @ 2 / s) of 24 ° 89 at 100 ° C, VI 45, dynamic viscosity (Brookfield) - 58,000 mPa.s at 0 ° C, flash point (OK) 254 ° C, with a freezing point of -18 ° C, with carbonation residue (CCT) of 0.005 wt. and with evaporation (Noack) 2.9 wt. at 200 ° C.

The a. Content of the refining additives in the resulting oil was as follows; zinc dialkyldithiophosphate with alkyls of 1C4 and iCg of 0.7 wt.%, a mixed detergent dispersion additive composed of 58.7 wt. % of calcium calcium alkylarylsulfonate with TBN 500 mgKOH / g, 15 wt. calcium alkylphenolate with TBN 250 mg KOH / g and 46.5 wt. bissuccinimide 2.5 wt.%, polymethacrylate-type depressant 0.1 wt.%, silicone oil 0.002 wt.

The engine oil prepared had the following characteristics:

Kinematic viscosity (mm ^ / ^s ) at 100 ° C 12.08

Viscosity index

Dynamic viscosity (mPa.s) in Cold Cranking

Simulator at -18 ° C 10,000

Flash point (OK), ° G 254

Pour point, ° C _at -50

Foam and foam stability according to ASTM, ml at 24 ° C 0/0 ° C 10/0 ° C to 95 ° C 0/0

5.0

TBN, mgKOH / g

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% CCT residue,% wt. 0.48

Oxidation test / 180 ° C / 16h / 5 1 air / h / Cu catalyst /

- viscosity (mm ^ / s) at 50 ° C 76.81

- CCT, wt. 0.62

viscosity increase at 50 ° C,% 2.59

- CCT increment, wt. 0.09

Thermal stability test / 200 ° C / 24h / 15 l air / h / Fe ₂ O3 catalyst /

- CCT, wt%, ^0.5x

Shear stability in Bosch injector after 30 cycles

- viscosity drop by 1.2%

In the petter wl engine test, the oil reached a total of 28.7 points and the total bearing wear of 9 mg; in the Petter AVI engine test, the oil reached a total of 91.2 points and 8.3 points in the 1st piston groove.

From the engine test results it can be deduced that the oil meets the DEF 2101D specification and falls into the upper half of the API SD / CB performance classes. The viscosity and shear stability values indicate that it is a multi-grade SAE 20W30 viscosity-stable oil.

Example 2

Automotive engine oil was prepared consisting of 81.497 wt. % base oil and 18.503 wt. refining additives. The base oil consisted of 83.5 wt. % high pressure hydrogenate having a viscosity of 6.2 mm @ 2 / s at 100 DEG C., with a VI of 105, a flash point (OK) of 222 DEG C., a freezing point of -14 DEG C. and a 16.5 wt. 65%> distillation residue of the hydrogenated polymer of the n-butene mixture as in Example 1. The composition and content of the refining additives were as follows: zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate with n-alkyl Cg 0.9% by weight, zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate with n-alkyl C4 and Cg / Oloa 267 / 0.5 wt.%, Calcium petroleum alkylarylsulfonate with TBN 10 mgKOH / g 3.5 wt., Calcium alkylphenolsulfide with TBN 250 mgKOH / g 1.5 wt.%, Alkyl alkyl salicylate with TBN 160 mgKOH / g (AC 60C) 3.5 wt%, biesuccinimide 5.2 wt%, styrene-isoprene copolymer 0.4 wt%, dispersed polymethacrylate 3.0 wt%, silicone oil 0.003 wt%

- 6 The prepared oil had the following quality parameters:

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Kinematic viscosity (mm ^ / s) at 100 ° G 15.15

Viscosity, dynamic (CCS), mPa.s at -18 ° C 8 100

Viscosity index

Flash point (OK), ° G 225

Pour point, ° C -38

Noack, 11.8

TBN, mgKDH / g 11.0

Foaming / foam stability according to ASTM, ml at 24 ° G 0/0 ° C 80/0 ° G to 93 ° G 0/0

% Carbonization residue 1.67

Kraft ash,% wt. 1.61

Shear stability in Bosch injector after 30 cycles - viscosity drop by% 5.7

In the petter wi engine test, the oil reached a total of 29.5 points and a total bearing wear of 14 mg. During the engine test Petter and VB the oil reached a total of 86.4 points, from tho 4.8 points in 1.

piston groove.

It can be inferred from engine test results that the oil falls into API SE / CD performance classes. The viscosity and shear stability values indicate that it is a shear-stable multigraded oil of the SAE 2OW4O viscosity grade.

Claims (3)

OBJECT OF THE INVENTION 262 876 CLAIMS 1. A partially synthetic motor oil consisting of a base oil with a synthetic and petroleum component and a refining additive, characterized in that the base oil contains at least 10% by weight. Synthetic constituents consisting of poly-n-butene oil with a W 300 to 850, a polydispersity of 1,15 to 1,35, a viscosity of 5 to 25 mm ² / and at 100 ° C, β VI of at least 40 and a freezing point not exceeding -15 % And at least 30 wt. petroleum components consisting of petroleum oil raffinate with a viscosity of 4.5 to 13 mm ^? at 100 ° C, with a VI of at least 90, with a pour point of not more than -8 ° C, with a flash point of at least 170 ° C, and the refining additives consist of 0.5 to 3 wt. % antioxidant of the alkyl- or akyl-aryl- or zinc diaryldithiophosphate type, 1.5 to 18 wt. detergent dispersant mixtures containing calcium and / or magnesium alkylarylsulfonate with TBN up to 400 mg KOH / g, calcium and / or magnesium alkyl phenolate β TBN up to 300 mg KOH / g, calcium and / or magnesium alkyl salicylate with TBN up to 180 mg KOH / g % succinimide, bissuccinimide, Mannich product, alkenyl maleate anhydride and pentaerythritol ester; a viscosity modifier or a mixture of viscosity modifiers consisting of a polymethacrylate, for example of the dispersant type, acting as a depressant, an ethylene-propylene copolymer, a styrene-diene copolymer, at most 8 wt. ash type lubricants, for example graphite, fluorographite, molybdenum disulphide, organic molybdenum compounds, potassium triborate or ashless, for example higher alcohols or fatty acids having a carbon content of at least 10, or esters thereof, optionally containing nitrogen in the form of amines and amides. 2. Partially synthetic motor oil according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains not more than 1% by weight. an antioxidant with an alkylphenol. 3. A partially synthetic motor oil as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that it contains not more than 0.01% by weight. anti-foaming agents, for example of the polymethylsiloxane or polyvinylsiloxane type.