CS262642B1 - Turning tool - Google Patents
Turning tool Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CS262642B1 CS262642B1 CS872962A CS296287A CS262642B1 CS 262642 B1 CS262642 B1 CS 262642B1 CS 872962 A CS872962 A CS 872962A CS 296287 A CS296287 A CS 296287A CS 262642 B1 CS262642 B1 CS 262642B1
- Authority
- CS
- Czechoslovakia
- Prior art keywords
- chip
- face
- knife
- angle
- cutting edge
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 210000001061 forehead Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000000887 face Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000005300 metallic glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009291 secondary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Milling Processes (AREA)
Abstract
Sústružnicky nĎž s úpravou geometrie, ktorá spočívá vo vytvoření plĎšky na čele, sklonenej od základnej roviny hoře u uhol 0 až 5°, pričom čelná plocha noža je skloněná od základnej roviny opačným smerom o uhol minimálně 25°. DĎsledkom tejto úpravy je vytváranie amorfnej vláknitej vrstvy kovu, ktorá odchádza po plĎške čela rovnoběžně s hlavnou režnou hranou vo formě stuhy a možno ju prakticky využit ako sekundárný výsledok obrábania.Turning tool with geometry adjustment which is to create a pad on the forehead, inclined from the base plane to the mount at an angle 0 to 5 °, wherein the blade face is inclined from the ground plane in the opposite direction at an angle of at least 25 °. As a result of this modification is the formation of amorphous fibrous a layer of metal that leaves the slab fronts parallel to the main edge in the form of a ribbon and can be practically used as a secondary machining result.
Description
Vynález sa týká sústružníckeho noža.The invention relates to a turning knife.
Doteraz známe sústružnícke nože majú plochu čela tvorenú rovinou, alebo vhodné tvarovanou plochou. Pro rovinnej ploché čela je odohádzajúca trieska v styku s čelnou plochou na určitej dlžke, ktorá je u rozličných dvojíc obrábaný-rezný materiál rozličná. Táto dlžka súčasne udává velkost plochy trenia a je priamo úměrná trecej sile na čele noža.The prior art turning tools have a face surface formed by a plane or a suitable shaped surface. For planar flat faces, the throwing chip is in contact with the end face at a certain length, which is different for the different machined-cutting material pairs. At the same time, this length indicates the size of the friction area and is directly proportional to the frictional force at the front of the knife.
Čím vSčšia je plocha styku čela s trieskou, tým nepriaznivejšie podmienky vznikajú z hlediska vývoja tepla od vonkajšieho a vnútorného trenia a súčasne stúpa intenzita opotrebovania režného klina nástroja. V pripade nerovinných čiel sú vytvárané předpoklady pre stáčanie odchádzajúcej triesky do vhodného tvaru. Z tejto pozície možno rozlišovat nástroje so žliabkora, alebo stupienkom na čele. Žliabok stáča triesku do špirály, alebo skrutkovice, ktorej poloměr odpovedá poloměru žliabku. Dlžka styku triesky s čelom nástroja sa v tomto případe predlžuje. Opotrebenie nástroja potom nastáva rovnoměrně po oelej dlžke styku triesky s čelom noža. Druhé riešenie, založené na vytvořeni žliabku na čele vedie naopak ku skracovaniu styku triesky s čelom noža. Trieska je stáčaná dotykom o stenu stupienka a tvaruje sa do skrutkovice, alebo Spirály, připadne dochádza k jej lámaniu na krátké úseky. Pretože pri použití stupienka vzniká dodatková zložka rezngj sily, potřebná na deformáciu triesky, celková režná sila stúpa. Sú známe aj reišenia, ktoré sú založené na vytvoření polgulovýoh výstupkov na čele noža, slúžiaolch tiež na skrátenie dlžky styku triesky s čelom. Výhodou takéhoto riešenia je možnost přívodu chladiacej kvapaliny medzi triesku a čelo noža a tým zvýšenia Intenzity chladenia zóny rezania. Vzhladom na to, že k dotyku medzi trieskou a nožom vlastně dochádza na diskrétnych plochách výstupkov, je v týchto miestach vysoký tlak a dochádza k intenzívnemu opotrebovaniu výstupkov.The greater the area of contact between the chip face and the chip, the more unfavorable conditions arise in terms of heat evolution from external and internal friction and at the same time the wear intensity of the cutting wedge of the tool increases. In the case of non-planar faces, prerequisites are created for turning the outgoing chip into a suitable shape. From this position it is possible to distinguish tools with groove or step on the forehead. The groove turns the chip into a spiral or helix whose radius corresponds to the radius of the groove. In this case, the length of contact of the chip with the tool face is increased. The wear of the tool then occurs evenly after a long length of contact of the chip with the knife face. On the contrary, the second solution, based on the formation of a groove on the face, leads to a shortening of the chip contact with the knife face. The chip is twisted by touching the wall of the step and is shaped into a helix or spiral, eventually breaking into short sections. Since the use of a step creates an additional component of the cutting force required to deform the chip, the total cutting force increases. Solutions are also known which are based on the formation of hemispherical protrusions on the knife face and also serve to reduce the length of contact of the chip with the face. The advantage of such a solution is the possibility of supplying coolant between the chip and the face of the knife and thereby increasing the cooling intensity of the cutting zone. Since the contact between the chip and the knife actually occurs on the discrete surfaces of the protrusions, there is a high pressure at these points and the protrusions wear intensively.
Vyššie uvedené nedostatky sú odstraněné sústružníckym nožom podlá vynálezu, ktorého podstata spočiva v tom, že na ploché čela nástroja je pri hlavnej reznej hrané vytvořená plóška, rovnoběžná s hlavnou režnou hranou, ktorá je skloněná od základnej roviny noža o uhol 0 až 5°, pričom na pozdlžnu plůšku nadvSzuje plocha čela, ktorá je od základnej roviny noža skloněná najmenej 25°.The above-mentioned drawbacks are eliminated by a turning knife according to the invention, which consists in that a flat face is formed on the flat face of the tool at the main cutting edge, parallel to the main cutting edge, which is inclined from the basic plane of the knife by 0 to 5 °. the longitudinal surface is extended by a face area that is at least 25 ° inclined from the base plane of the knife.
Sústružníckym nožom podlá vynálezu sa dosahuje toho, že na plůške, rovnoběžněj s hlavnou režnou hranou dochádza k zabrzdeniu materiálu v trieske a to do takej miery, že v ddsledku vysokej intenzity deformácie vzniká amorfná štruktúra kovu. Tento amorfný kov sa vo formě stuhy pohybuje po plůške, rovnoběžně s režnou hranou a opúšta nož ako sekundárná trieska. Oprava podlá vynálezu je možná pri všetkých obrábacích metodách, t.j. sústružení, frézovaní, vrtaní, hoblovaní a přetahovaní. Získaný amorfný kov sa dá použit v rozličných oblastiach priemyslu a pre fyzikálně účely. Z hladiska technologie jeho výroby nie sú kladené žiadne požiadavky na zariadenie, alebo energiu, pretože vznikajúca amorfná stuha je súčastou procesu obrábania a vzniká ako jeho sekundárný účinok. Možno ju jednoducho separovat spomedzi odchádzajúcich triesok. Použitie tejto metody je obmedzené na materiály, ktoré vytvárajú plynulú súvislu triesku (uhlíkové a zliatinové ocele, Iahké, farebné kovy ...).The turning tool according to the invention achieves the fact that the material, which is parallel to the main cutting edge, brakes the material in the chip to such an extent that the amorphous structure of the metal results from the high deformation intensity. This amorphous metal, in the form of a ribbon, moves across the flat, parallel to the cutting edge and leaves the knife as a secondary chip. Repair according to the invention is possible with all machining methods, i. turning, milling, drilling, planing and dragging. The amorphous metal obtained can be used in various fields of industry and for physical purposes. From the point of view of its production technology, there are no demands on equipment or energy, because the resulting amorphous ribbon is part of the machining process and arises as its secondary effect. It can be easily separated from the outgoing chips. The use of this method is limited to materials that produce a continuous continuous chip (carbon and alloy steels, light, nonferrous metals ...).
•Vynález je znázorněný na obrázkooh, kde obr. 1 znázorňuje režný nástroj v zábere s obrobkom, obr. 2 znázorňuje geometrickú úpravu režného nástroja v pohlade do základnej roviny a v řeze nástrojom ortogonálnou rovinou, kolmou na prlemet reznej hrany do základnej roviny.The invention is illustrated in the drawing, wherein FIG. 1 shows a cutting tool in engagement with a workpiece, FIG. 2 shows the geometric adjustment of the cutting tool in a view to the ground plane and in cross-section of the tool with an orthogonal plane perpendicular to the cutting edge crossing into the ground plane.
Sústružnicky nůž má na ploché 2 čela vytvorenú pri hlavnej reznej hrané 5 podzlžnu plůšku 6, rovnobežnú s hlavnou režnou hranou 2 a sklonenú oproti základnej rovině 2 noža o uhol v rozsahu 0 až 5°. Širka f pozdlžnej plĎšky 6 je rovná, alebo menšia ako hrúbka odřezávanéj vrstvy a obrobku 2· Na pozdlžnu plůšku 6 nadvSzuje plocha 2 čela, ktorá je skloněná od základnej roviny 2 noža o uhol o ~ 25°. Sústružnicky n6ž je pri obrábaní nastavený tak, že jeho hlavná režná hrana 5 je kolmá, alebo mierne pootočená oproti směru posuvu. Pri obrábaní vzniká trieska 2» ktorá má charakter plynulej triesky. Trieska 2 odchádza po sklonenéj ploché 2 čela, pričom, ak je uhol čela vSčší ako 25° nedochádza ani k priamemu dotyku triesky s čelom. Na pozdlžnej plůške 2 sa pri obrábaní akumuluje plasticky deformovaný vláknitý kov. V dósledku vysokej intenzity deformácie a teploty je tento kov v plastickom stave a má vláknitá štruktúru. Pretože v priebehu obrábania dochádza k neustálému pribývaniu kovu a obnově vláknitého kovu, je tento vláknitý kov silou re?ného odporu vytlačovaný pozdlž hlavnej reznej hrany a pozdížnej plóšky £ o šírke £ a odchádza z noža vo formě stuhy 4, ktorá má charakter amorfnej štruktúry. Rýchlosť pohybu stuhy amorfu sa rovná přibližné rýchlosti pohybu triesky £. Napr. pri obrábaní ocele režnou rýchlosťou 100 m.min 1 je táto rýchlosť okolo 30 m.min 1. Preto aj dlžka stuhy je přibližné rovná dlžke triesky.The turning knife has an underlay 6 on the flat 2 faces formed at the main cutting edge 5, parallel to the main cutting edge 2 and inclined relative to the basic plane 2 of the knife by an angle of 0 to 5 °. The width f of the elongate plate 6 is equal to or less than the thickness of the cut layer and the workpiece 2. A face 2 extends on the elongate plate 6 and is inclined by an angle of ~ 25 ° from the knife base plane 2. It is adjusted during machining so that its main cutting edge 5 is perpendicular or slightly rotated relative to the feed direction. During machining, a chip 2 'is formed which has the character of a continuous chip. The chip 2 extends over the inclined flat face 2, whereby if the face angle is greater than 25 °, there is no direct contact of the chip with the face. On the longitudinal PLUSKAL 2, when machining accumulates plastically deformed metal fiber. Due to high deformation intensity and temperature, this metal is in a plastic state and has a fibrous structure. Since the metal continues to increase and the fibrous metal is renewed during machining, the fibrous metal is pushed along the main cutting edge and the longitudinal plate 8 with a width 6 and exits from the knife in the form of a ribbon 4 having the character of an amorphous structure. The speed of movement of the amorphous ribbon equals the approximate speed of movement of the chip. E.g. for steel machining at a normal speed of 100 m.min 1 , this speed is about 30 m.min 1 . Therefore, the length of the ribbon is approximately equal to the length of the chip.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CS872962A CS262642B1 (en) | 1987-04-27 | 1987-04-27 | Turning tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CS872962A CS262642B1 (en) | 1987-04-27 | 1987-04-27 | Turning tool |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CS296287A1 CS296287A1 (en) | 1988-02-15 |
CS262642B1 true CS262642B1 (en) | 1989-03-14 |
Family
ID=5368328
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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CS872962A CS262642B1 (en) | 1987-04-27 | 1987-04-27 | Turning tool |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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CS (1) | CS262642B1 (en) |
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1987
- 1987-04-27 CS CS872962A patent/CS262642B1/en unknown
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Publication number | Publication date |
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CS296287A1 (en) | 1988-02-15 |
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