CS261810B1 - Spruce lure agent - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a means for attracting spp. (S) -cis-verenol, 80.0 to 98.9 wt. 2-methyl-3-butin-2-ol and 0.1 to 10.0 wt. propargyl and alcohol.

Description

The invention relates to a composition for attracting the spruce bark beetle, Ips typographus, containing (S)-cis-verbenol, 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol and propargyl alcohol.

Current practice uses pheromones and pheromone preparations to protect spruce stands against spruce bark beetles in essentially two ways: direct and indirect.

Indirectly, it involves identifying and determining population density, which helps in deciding on the need and type of subsequent intervention.

In essence, this is a mass capture capable of effectively reducing the density of the woodpecker population and bringing it under control.

Both methods of use use pheromones as active ingredients, released from vaporizers placed in suitable traps.

The following are known as the main components of the chemocommunication systems of lycopods: cis-verbenol,

2-methyl-6-methylene-12,7-octadien-4-ol (ipsdienol),

2-methyl-6-methylene-7-octen-4-ol (ipsenol) (Science 154, No. 3748, 509-510, 1966), trans-verbenol, verbenone, myrtenol, transmyrtenol,

2-phenylethanol (J. Chem. Ecol. 10, 1029, 1984) and 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol (Naturwissenschaften 84, 98, 1977).

A known means of attracting it, containing cis-verbenol, 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol and possibly also ipsdienol (ČS No. 196 414), is based on the knowledge of the mutual synergization of individual components of the natural pheromone communication system of the spruce bark beetle.

Primary attractants of the spruce bark beetle produced by spruce host trees are also known, for example:

monoterpene hydrocarbons, oxygenated monoterpenes, oxygenated sesquiterpenes and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons.

The use of synthetic attractants, which are not components of the natural communication system of this pest and are not known as primary attractants produced by host plants, and which can be used for a given purpose alone or in mixtures with pheromones or primary attractants, represents a qualitatively new approach to solving the problem of luring the sap-eater.

The subject of CS No. 244 985 and CS (PV 5988-85) is a means for attracting spruce bark beetles consisting of (S)-cis-verbenol, a primary attractant, an alkynol of the general formula:

R2

From

Rl—C—C=CH \

OH where

R1 and R2 independently of one another are methyl or ethyl and/or xylene.

The subject of SU No. 683 046 is the use of 3-ketobutanol, 3-epoxybutan-2-ol and 2-methyl-2-epoxypropanol as attractants for the spruce bark beetle. Dienols derivatives of the general formula are also known as attractants for the spruce bark beetle (SU No. 730 333):

R-CH—CH2—C-OH-CH2

I I

OH CH2 in which

R represents the group CH3—CH2—CH—CH— or

CH3—CH=C—

I

CH3

The subject of SU No. 692 122 is a spruce bark beetle attractant containing ipsenol, ipsdienol and trans-venbenol, which, in order to increase its effectiveness, also contains:

3-ketobutanol,

3-epoxybutan-2-ol,

2-methyl-2-epoxypropanol, citronellol and heavy fractions of essential oils from spruce. The attractive effect of the mixture of 2-methyl-3-buten-2-ol with (S)-cis-verbenol can also be increased by adding xylene CS No. 255 251.

It has now been found that the effectiveness of a spruce bark beetle attractant, one component of which is (S)-cis-verbenol, a naturally occurring pheromone, and the other component 2-methyl-3-butyn-'2-ol, a synthetic component not occurring in nature, can also be significantly synergized by adding a further synthetic substance not occurring in nature, namely propargyl alcohol according to the invention.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the means for attracting spruce bark beetles contains:

1.0 to 10.0 °/o wt. (S)-cis-verbenol, 80.0 to 98.9% by weight. 2-methyl-3-ibutin-2-ol and 0.1 to 10.0 °/o wt. of propargyl alcohol.

The potentiation of the effect is more pronounced in practical conditions, i.e. directly in the field, where the natural population of the pest is located, than in laboratory olfactometric determinations, where there are artificial conditions, short distances, relatively high concentration of the mixture, etc.

The composition according to the invention can be used as an active component of a device for monitoring and trapping spruce bark beetles. It is advantageous to apply the active components in such a way that their release into the environment is controlled in terms of their presence and release time, which can be achieved, for example, by using alufan wick evaporators (CS AO No. 210 299), in which the active substances are incorporated into a pulp carrier and are delivered to the environment by means of a wick. This bait can be advantageously applied to a barrier-type trap (CS No. 242 257), where the baited insect hits the walls arranged in a "cross" and is captured through the funnel-shaped part of the trap into the collection container and subsequently dies. The effect is so selective that it does not require further modifications to the trap.

The following examples illustrate, but do not limit, the subject matter of the invention.

β

The following substances were used in the experiments:

I. S-cis-verbenol

II. 2-methyl-3-buten-2-oyl

III. 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol

IV. 2-methyl-6-methylene-2,7-octadiene.n-4-ol

V. propargyl alcohol

Example 1

The pheromone effect of the new mixtures, in which 2 important active substances are synthetically prepared and are not known in nature, was verified in laboratory conditions on the Walkway olfactometer. The intensity of the reaction was evaluated and expressed by the number of reacting woodlice. Woodlice from the spring swarming from the Dechtice site were used in the experiments. 20 individuals in 3 repetitions were used for each variant in the experiments.

The results are shown in Table 1.

Table 1

The attractive effect of pheromone mixtures on lycozruta in an olfactometer

Average values from 3 repetitions

Designation Percentage of tested substances in mixtures Number of reaction mixtures

I II III

1 5.0 95 2 4.5 95 3 4.5 95 4 4.5 95 5 5.0 85 6 100

IV In living individuals 13.7 0.5 14.0 0.5 13.8 0.5 14.1 10.0 15.0 2.0 100.0 1.0 100.0 5.0

Example 2

Field experiments were carried out in the Smolenice Nature Reserve west of the village of Dechtice at an altitude of 300 to 350 m. The stand consisted of 60 to 80 percent spruce trees aged 80 to 85 years, the rest of the stand of equally old pine trees. The active substances were applied to wick baits placed on barrier traps, which were approximately 20 m apart and 25 m from the stand wall. The experiments were carried out during the so-called spring swarming period from 24. 4. to 15. 6. 1986.

The results of the field trials presented in Tables 2 and 3 indicate that propargyl alcohol significantly potentiates the attraction effect of the basic mixture (/S/-cis-verbenol 2-methyl-3-butyn-2-ol) in a dose-dependent manner. Lower doses potentiate the effect in the first days after application, higher doses are more pronounced only after several weeks.

Table 2

Results of experiments in the locality of Dechtice The experiment was established on 4/24/1986

Mixture Number of woodlice caught/trap

1st repetition 2nd repetition

1. 7(00 510 1,210 605.0 4. 768 656 1,424 712.0 5. 680 573 1,253 '626.5

261010

Table 3

Results of experiments in the locality of Dechtice The experiment was established on May 4, 1986

Mixture Number of woodlice caught/trap

1st repetition 2nd repetition

1. 118 33 4. 126 02 5. 115 50

151 75.5 188 94.0 '165 02.5

SUBJECT

Claims (1)

A composition for attracting spruce bark beetle Ips typographus based on [S] -cis-verbenol, 2-methyl-3-butin-2-ol and propargyl alcohol, characterized in that it comprises 1.0 to 10.0 wt.% (S-cis-verbenol We claim: 80.0 to 98.9% by weight of 2-methyl-3-ibutin-2-ol a 0.1 to 10.0% by weight of propargyl alcohol.