CnocoB npiiMeHeHHfl annapaTOB Tennoo6MeHa h cooTBeTCTBeHHbie othochihhbch k hhm ycTaiioBkh tennonepenamh___ OBjíaCTb npHMe.HeHH3 Η3θ6ρ6ΤΘΗΗΗ H3o6peTeHne npenHa3HaqeHo /vin npHMeHeHHH annapaTOB TenjiooBMeHa h οοοτβθτγ.τ-nyioiHHx ycTaHOBOK b cjiyqaHx cjiojkhocth hjih »eB03M0MH0CTH pafioTbi ημθιοηιηχοη bHacTowmee βρρ.μπ ycranoBOK TennooBMeHa (HanpHMep peKynepaTHBHbie τεπηοοβΜβΗ-ηηκη) πρη npHMeneHHH b HCTOMHHKax.Tenaa, xapaKTepH3ywinHxcH Bonbinoň ςτβπβΗΜΟBHojiorinecKoro, 4>H3nqecKoro h nacTHHHo xHMHnecKoro 3arpn3HeHHH hjih HH3KoňMoiuHocTbKi TerinonepenaMH, a Taxwe bmcokhmh pacxoflaMH Ha ηηγοτοβπθηηθ h npoH3BOflCTBemibíMH 3aTpaTaMH. npeflCTaBjíHeMbift cnocoB npHMeHeHHH ycTaHOBOK h csmhycTaHGBKH npejinasHanenbi nnn paBoTbi bo Bcex TexymHx h nBHJKymHxcn TennoHocH-TejlHX, HO npeflnOHTHTejlbHO flJIH yTHJIH3aqHH 3HeprHH H3 CTOHHblX BOfl KyXOHb, CaH-y3J!OB, paa.HHHHblX CTOHHbIX BOfl npOMblIUJieHHblX HC.TOHHHKOB H npHpoflHbtX TexymHXBOfl.

XapaKTephcthxa h3BecTHbix t6xhhhsckhx peuieHnň H3BecTno Bojibinoe κοιιηίθοτβο nocpeflCTBeHHo paBoTaiotuHX τθπποοΒμθηηηκοβ, T.e.CHCTeM peKyiiepaTHBHoň nepeflaqH Tenjia, řípu κοτορωχ SHeprurr nepeflaeTcn qepe3CTaHHÓHapHNe CTCHbl HJIH HeflBH»ymHeC.H nOBepXHOCTH. TaKHe CHCTeMbl npHMeHHMblB HHCTblX HJIH MaJIO 33ΓρΗ3Η6ΗΗΗΧ TeHJlOHOCHTejlHX.

HMeioTCH c.ymecTseHHbre cjiojkhocth npH yTHJiH3aiiHH Tennoeoň βηθργηη H3 cpefliie3arpHSHeHHbIX HJIH ΗΜΘΚΜΙΙΗΧ TBepflbie 3β ΓρΗ3ΗβΗΗΗ TfinJlOHOCHTejieň, a Tam. H3 τεπηο-HOCHTejieii C 3KCKpeMeHTaMH, HanpHMep H3 CTOHHblX BOfl C φθΚΑΑΗΙΙΜΗ HJIH KyXOHHbl-mh oTxojiaMH. Taxne rpyBwe 33γρη3ηθηηη hbjihiotch πρηηηηοΛ BwcTporo oTJiaxHBa-ΗΗΗ Ha KOHTaKTHbIX IIOBepXHOCTHX TenJIOOBMeHHHKa, HTO npHBOflHT K peaKOMy ΠΟΗΗ-JKeHHIO MOUIHOCTH TeiIflOnepeflaHH Η ΠΟΒΜΙΙβΗΗΙΟ ΠΟΤβρΒ flaBfleHHH B TeiIJIOOBMeHHHKaX,HepeflKO noJiyqaeTcn nojinoe 3aTbiKaHHe cTpyňKaHaJioe. flnu npeflOTBpaweHHH τβκκχoTpimaTejibHwx nBJíeHiiň ημθκιτοη μηογηθ pemeHHH, κοτορωε npeflycMaTpHBaioT flopo-cyio h cJiowHyw caMooqHCTKy κοητηκτημχ noBepxHOCTeň c noMombio MexaHHwecKH αβη·KyiUHXCH ruiacTHHOK, cnenHajibttbix qacTeň ycTaHOBOK flJia ohhctkh TennooBMeHHHKaHJIH ϋ,ΗΚ,ΠΗΗβεΚΗε OHHCTHbie MepOnpHHTHH oBcJiyiKHBaiOmHM IiepCOHaJIOM. HepeflKO 3TH 256935 CJ1OWHOCTH BeflyT Κ pGIUGHHW 0TK333TI1CH ΟΤ IipHMeHGHHH peKyHOpaTHB ΗΟΗ γΤΗΠΗ33—ΗΗΗ Tenna Η3 331^^3 HeHHbIX TenJIOHOCHTejIGH Η npHMHpHTbCH C GoJIblHHMH ΠΟΤερΗΜΗTertna. Ť.e. β HaCTomnee bpgmh hgt ynoBJíeTBopHTejibHoro, τθχηηκο-skohomhmgckhonpaBflaHHoro penienim ρ,ηπ ιπηροκογο npHMeneHHH TenjroočMeiíHHKOB b aarpaaHeHHbixTenjioHocHTejiax.

Uejib Η3ο6ρετεΗΗΗ Η3θ6ρετεΗΗε hmggt npeAHa3HanGHHe απη pa3pa6oTKH crioco6a iiphmghghhh τεπποοδ-MeHHHKOB h caMOíi ycTaHOBKH TeriJionepe^aBH, κοτορΜε oSecnenHBaioT, ητο τβπποοβ-MGHHHKH MOTJIH pa^OTaTb HenpepbIBHO Η B CHJlbHO 33ΓρΠ3Η6ΗΗΜΧ ΤθΚγΠξΗΧ ΤβΠΒΟΗΟ”CHT6JIHX Η ΠΟ CpaBHGHHIO C HM6W1UHMHCB TeXHHBGCKHMH peuiGHHHMH, npHBGJIH 6bl K60JlbUI0My 3φφβΚΤΥ IIIHpOKOro npHMGHGHHB ΠρΗ npoCTbIX H HaflGECHbIX ΜβρΟΠρΗΗΤΗΗΧo6pa6oTKH τβπηοοβΜβΗΗΗΚοΒ, rapaHTHpyiomHx nocTÓHHnyio η β κεκοτορωχ cnynaaxyjiyqineHHyro 3φφεκτΗΒΗοοτΒ rennonepe^anH h xapaKTGpH3yiomHxca 3HanHTGJibHoYMGHbniCHHblMH 3ΒΤρ3Τ3ΜΗ Ha H3rOTOBJIGHHG, MaTepHajI H peMOHT.

CymHOCTh H306peTeHHH Η3θ6ρβΤβΗΗβ HBJíneŤČH peineHHeM SaflaHH, CýopMYJIHpOBaHHOH uejlbio Η3θ6ρετεΗΗΗ,KOTopaH coctoht B/pa3pa6oTKe cnoco6a npHMGHeHHH τεπηοοδΜεΗΗΗΚΟΒ h Heo6xoan-Moň ycTaHOBKH TennonepeflanH, κο,τορωε rapaHTHpyioT 3amnTy ot BaTbiKaHiia b cTpyfl-KaHanax hjih β nacTax τ&ίθηηη TennoHocHTena, a Tax«e ot 3arpa3HeHHH h nocne-flOBaTejibHoro nocTeneHHoro 33τηκβηηη κοΗτβκτιιωχ noBGpxHocTeň ycTaHOBKH Ťerr-jionepeflanH npn mcjikhx nacTHuax rpa3H b TenjioHQCHTejie. flajiee ΗεοόχοβΗΜΟ bmh-BHTb BO3MOJKHOCTb ΙΗΗρΟΚΟΓΟ npHMGHGHHH 3ΤΟΗ yCTaHOBKH B MHCTMX, MajlO 3arpH3~HeHHblX H BblCOKO 3arpH3HeHHbIX TenJlOHOCHTeJlHX ΠΡΗ 6oJlbMOH 3φφθΚΤΗΒΗθεΤΗ τεπηο-nepefl-anH η o6ecneaeHHH nocTóaHHbix ygjiobhh TennonepeftanH fla»e β cjiyqaax aac- ' ΤΟΓΟ H3MGHGHHH paCXOfla TenJIOHOCHŤejIH , HanpHMGp, B Tpy6onpOBO«aX CTOHHblX BOfl.. 0co6o BaMHblM 3JieMGHTOM peajIHSaAHH 3ΤΟΓΟ Τρε6θΒ3ΗΗΗ HBJÍHeTCH yMGHbU18HHG ΠΟ“

Tepb naBJíeHHH npH tghghhh TennoHocHTejia no KananaM τεπηοο$ΜεΗΗΗΚ3 ηγτεΜ co- oŤBGTCTBywmoFO KOHCTpyHpoBaHHH 3JIGMGHTOB TeruionepeflanH. ^Η3ο6ρετεΗΗε ρεπιβετ 3Ty 3aflaqy c noMombio cbo6oaho flBHxymHxca, 3aBHcaniHX ottghghhh TeiuioHocHTejia κοητβκτημχ noBepxHocTGň b cTpyňKaHanax TenJiooóMeHHH-ka.. T.e. ycraHOBKa τεπηοοβΜεΗΗΗκε coctoht H3 sjíéMeHTOB flJia τεπηοηερε^βΗΗ,HBJlHÍomHGCH OflHHM HJIH HGCKOJTbKHMH HJIHHHblMH, ^JiaHrOO6pa3HbIMH HJIH pa3HOFO CGHC“hhh.KaHanaMH tchghhh H3 anacTHHHoro MaTepnana... Β ηερΒΟΜ npaKTHHGCKOM PGHIGHHH Η3θ0ρεΤβΗΗΗ 3J1GMGHT TanjlOncpGflanH, HMeKMUHHOflHH SJíaCTHHGCKHH KaHaJI TGHCHHH C HaCTHMH npHCOCflHHGHHH Β 060HX KOHItaX, ΠρΗ-COeflHHHGTCH K llGHTpajlbHOMY paCnpGflGJIHTGJnO nOflaiOUGrO XOfla Η K paenpGflGJIHTGJBOoSpaTHoro xofla τεπηοΗοοΗτεη». PacnpejiejiHTejiH nonaiomero h oópaTHoro xoaob pa3MGtHeHt»I BHYTPH HJIH CHapyjKH CTpyftxaHaJia C TGnjIOHOCHTeJieM H HBJ1HI0TCH KOM-njlCKCHblM 3JIGM8HTOM YCTaHOBKH TGnJIOOĎMGHHHKa. -BTOPOH BapHaHT npaKTHHGCKOrO npHMeHeHHH H3o6pGTGHHH, ripH KOTOPOM SJICMGHTτεπηοπερεΑΗΗΗ ΗΜβετ HecKOJibKO ajiacTHnccKHX xaHanoB τεΠεΗΗΗ, npHCOGflHHGHHbixb nynoK, xapaKTGpH3OBaH tgm, hto hmbiotch hphcogahhghhh TOJibxo b oahom KOHuexaHajia, Apyroň kohbh κοροτκο 3aMbiKaGT noAaroniHH h o6paTHbiň cTpyňxaHajibi τεππο- ' HOCHTGJIH B TCnJIOO6MGHHHK8.KaHajIbl HaxOAHTCH JiymnG BCGro Β πγηκε ΟΑΗΟΗ ΓΟΡΗ3ΟΗ-

TaJIbHOň HJIH BepTHKaJIbHOň IIJIOCKOCTH H H3rOTOBJieHH H3 ΟΑΗΟΓΟ MflTGpHaJia, npcfl-nOHTHTeJIbHO H3 nJiaCTMaCCbl C TKaHGBblMH BKJHOHGHHHMH flJIH o6cCn8HGHHH BblCOKOňAOJirOBBHHOCTH. B OCHOBHOM BCTpGHaiOTCH flBa, TpH HJIH qGTblpe KaHaJia nOCJIBflOBa-TGJIbHO B OflHOň nJIOCKOCTHo fljia γτκπΗ33ΗΗΗ TGnna hs τεπποΗοοΗτεηεϋ mbhhk»hhx no bpbmghh pacxo« hjih Manoň 256935 CXOpOCTH ΤβΗβΗΗΗ ΠρβΑΠΟΗΤΗΤβΠΒΗΟ npHMeHHIOTCH ΤβΠΠΟθ0ΜβΗΗΗΧΗ C ΤρβΜΗ Χ3Η3Π3”ΜΗ Η C flOnOJIHHTejIbHblM CJienblM K3H3JI0M MeiCfly nOflatOIUHM Η οΟρβΤΗΜΜ XOflSMH, CO-flepxatuHM BenjeeTBo cooTBeTCTBywmee TennoHocHTejno no πποτηοοτη. TaxHM o6pa3oM,nonyneHHoe napamee cocToanne πρκ ΗβΗ3ΜβΗΗ0Μ hcxo^hom MaTepnane sneMeHTOBTennoo6MeHHHKa h BxnwneHHeM BemecTBa Mexny noflaiomuM h oSpaTHbw xogaMH τβππο-oQMeHHHxa, neňcTByiomero oflHOBpeMeHHo cnacaTenbHUM ΜβροπρΗΛΤΗβΜ προτηβ τβππο-SHepreTHnecxoro BoaneflcTBHH Ha CHCTeMy, ηβπηκιτοη cymecTBeHHbíMH pemeHHHMHflJiH nocTOHHHoro Tennoo.ČMeHa Ha 6onee bmcokom ypoBHe. OflHaxo cunraeTCH pene-coo6pa3HbtM HMSTb 3Ty cnocoĎHocTh napHTb Taxíce ππη xaHanoB aanonHeHHux non-hoctbk) TennoHocHTeneM, hto6m H36eraTb OonbtuHe cnnu τρβΗΗΗ, B03HHxaionnie Bpe3ynbTaTe flononHHTenbHo flefiCTByioiUHX noflbeMHbix cwi Meacny CTeHaMH xaHanoBη sneMeHTaMH TenjiooóMeHHHKa. KpoMe- nonyneHHoň' ποαβηχηοοτη η hoboh xoHCTpyx-flHH SHéMeHTOB TennOoCMeHHHXa, XOTOpbie HBJIHWTCH OCHOBOň 3φφβΚΤΒ C3MOOHHCTKHxoHTaxTHbtx noBepxHocTeň ycTaHOBXH co ctopohm TennoHócHTejw Taxíce, xax coCTopoHbí TennpyTHnHsauHH, ημθιοτοη eme Hecxonbxo αοοτοηηοτβ: - H3-3a cBoCoflHoň ποαβηχηοοτη sneMeHTOB TennooOMeHHHxa, T.e. H3-3a αβηχθηηη3thx aneMeHToB b HanpaBJíeHHH MHHHManbHoro conpoTHBneHHH, ημθιοτοη ManbierHApaBJíHnecxHe conpoTHBneHňH ycTaHOBXH, T.e. Manbie ποτβρΗ flaBneHHH. - 3φφβχτ ohhctxh momho.ynymnHTb πγτβΜ HSMéHeHHH noBepxHocTeň xaHanoB Hs-3aKpaTxoBpeMeHHoro ποπηχθημη ηπη noBbnneHHH flaBneHHH b xananax TennoHocHTenn. . TaxHM o6pa3OM ocymecTBnaeTCH Taxíce BoaMoXHoe οτποχβΗΗβ Μβηωχ qacTHň 3ar-’ ρΗ3ΗβΗΗΗ, Mexfly XOTOPbIMH fleňCTBýlOT SHaUHTenbHbie CHJIbl CHenneHHH1 H XOTOpbie

MoryT pa3BHB3Tb 6onbmne curibi aflresHH, BO3fleňcTByn Ha MaTepnan sneMeHTOBTennoo6MeHHHxa. - TennoBoe HanpHxeHne H3-33 pa3HocTH TfeMnepaTyp h HopManbHbie h xacaTejibHbieHanpaxeHHH, B03HHxaiomHe b pe3ynbTaTe TeneHHH b xaHanax, MoryT CbiTb οπτη-ManhHo HcnepnaHbí πγτβΜ CBoSofluoň ποαβηχηοοτη γη6χηχ sneMeHTOB τβπποοβΜβΗ-HHxa. - Πρκ Hcnonb3OBaHHH cooTBeTCTBywmHX MaTepnanoB «ηη sneMeHTOB Tennoo6MeHHHxaB03M0XHM ΠΙΗρΟΧΗβ o6naCTH ΠρΗΜβΗβΗΗΗ 3ΤΟΓΟ ΟΠΟΟΟββ yTHnH3aflHH TeiIJia H3 ar-peccHBHbix h xHMHnecxH 3arpH3HeHHbix TennoHocHTeneň. ΠρΗΜβρ ΠρΗΜβΗβΗΗΗ B cneflywmeM Η3ο6ρθτβΗΗβ o6bHCHHeTCH c noMombto pa3nHMHbix npHMepoB npaxTHnec-xoro rrpHMeneHHH: Φηγ. 1: Pa3pe3 H3o6peTeHHoro TennoúĎMeHHHxa c sneMeHTaMH TennonepeflanH BflonbCTpyňxaHana co CBOpoflHbíM xohiíom. Φηγ. 2: Pa3pe3 sneMeHTa TennonepeflanH no πηηηη 1-1 Φηγ. 1. ,'Φηγ. 3: Paape3 HaoSpeTeHHoro TennooÓMeHHHxa c sneMeHTaMH TennonepeflanH paflH-anbHo b cTpyňxanane co cbo6oahmm kohuom. Φηγ. 4: Pa3pe3 CTpyňxaHana no πηηηη II-II Φηγ. 3. Φηγ. 5: Pa3pe3 H3o6peTeHHoro TennooCMeHHHxa c paflHanbHo h mriHJihKoo6pa3Ho pa3MemeHHbiMH sneMeHTaMH TennonepeflanH b CTpyňxaHane 6e3 CBo6oflHoroxoHpa. Φηγ, 6: Pa3pe3 CTpyňxaHana no πηηηη III-III Φηγ.5* Φηγ. 7: Pa3pe3 H3o6peTeHHoro Tennoo6MeHHHxa c sneMeHTaMH TennonepeflanH, paa-MemeHHbíMH no flyre b CTpyňxaHane h He HMexnuHMH οβο6οαηογο KOHpa. Φηγ. 8: Pa3pe3 CTpyňxaHana no πηηηη IV-IV Φηγ. 7. Φηγ. 9: Pa3pe3 H3o6peTeHHoro Tennoo6MeHHHxa c sneMeHTaMH TennonepeflanH BflonbCTpyňxaHana 6β3 CBoCoflHoro xoHfla. Φηγ.10: Pa3pe3 CTpyňxaHana no πηηηη V-V Φηγ. 9. 256935 Φηγ.11: Pa3pe3 Η3ο6ρετεΗΗθΓο τεπηοοβΜεΗΗΗΚβ c aneMenTaMH τεπηοπερεΑεηΗ a^ojibpa3p;ejieHHoro CTpyňKaHana co CBofíoflHbíM kohaom. Φηγ.12: Pa3pea cTpyHKaHana no jihhhh VI-VI Φηγ. 11. Φηγ.13: Pa3pe3 Η3θ6ρετεΗΗθΓθ Tennoo6MeHHHKa c sneMeHTaMH Tennonepeflann coCBo6on»HM kohuom, pasMcnjBHHbíMH BepTHKanfcHO b cocy,ne λπη otctoh hjjhxpaHeHH». Φηγ.14: Μ3ο6ρετεΗΗΗΗ AByxxaHajibHbiň sjicmcht TennonepeflanH co CBoSoflHbíM koh-uom. Φηγ. 15: Η3ο6ρετεΗΗΜή TpexKananbHbiH 3ΐιεΜεΗΤ Tenjionepe^anH co cboÓoahhm kohaom.Φηγ. 16: H3o6peTeHHbiň qeTbipexxaHanbHbiH 3πεΜεΗΤ TennonepeflanH co οβο6οαηημ KOHHOM. H3o6peTeHHaH ycTaHOBKa ajih TennooCMeHa coctoht H3 hcckojibkhx ajieMeHTOB τεηπο-nepeflanH 1, κοτορωε conepwaT caMH cTpyňKaHajibi ajih no/jatomero h oSpaTHoro xo-Λοβ TennoHocHTena ’2, 3, τβιοκβ H3 cnenoro Kanana 4, coflepacamero BO3flyxa, 3a-mHTHoro TpyčonpoBona 5 οτ 6οπμπηχ H3rH6amnmx HanpaateHHň bcjicactbho tohchhhTennoHocHTena, npHcoenHHHTenbHbix nacTeň 6 ajih οβεεπεηεΗΗΗ coe«HHeHHň MeatflyCTpyňKaHanaMH πρητοηηημη h ofipaTHbíMH 2, 3 h KOJibneBbíMH KaHanaMH y flepxamero(fcjiaHna 9 fljin πρητοηηογο h oĎpaTHoro xo«a TennoHocHTejia 7, 8 h Heo6xoj3HMbixφηβΗηβΒΗχ coeflHHeHHH 10 HJIH npHcoeflHHeHHH nepjKamero tfuiaHija 9 b tcahom KananeTennoHocHTejiH 11. 3neMeHT Tennonepenann 1 co CBoGoflHbíM kohijom h c kohaom c npHCOOflHHHTOJibHbíMHnacTHMH 6 ynoTpeĎnaioTCH β cootbotctbhh c Φηγ. 2, 14, 15 h 16 b bhac jiohto-o6pa3Hbix flByx-, τρεχ- H neTbipexKaHanbHbix 3ji8M8htob, πρκηεΜ H8o6xoahmo ynH-TbiBaTb ΓεοΜετρΗ» 3ji8M8htob fljia MaKCHMajibHoň ποΒερχΗοετκ τεπποπερεΑβΗΗ.ΠρΗΜεΗεΗΗε ηεΗτρκηεεκΗΧ ηπη kohií8htphm8CKHx BKjnoM8HHbtx KaHanoB hbjih8tchτβιοκε paanbHoň BosMoacHocTbio τεοΜετρκΗ 3ji8M8htob. Ηεκοτορωε #pyrna ηεηεοοοβ-pa3Hbia BHftbi πρΗΜεΗεΗΗΗ TaKHx sjicmchtob TBnnooepeAanH 1 xapaKTepH3ytoTCHΦηγ. 3, 11 η 13, πρκηεΜ κροΜε BBpTHxanbHoro ποηοκεΗΗΗ 3ji8mbhtob τεπηοπερε^β-ΗΗ Β OTCTOHHbIX COCyflaX ΒΟ3ΜΟΧΗΗ Η flpyrHO Ηε nOKaaaHHbIC rOPH3OHTaJlbHbIC HJIHο6ι>εΜΗΗε eapHaHTbi npHCocflHHCHHH. flpyroň Ηε noKaaaHHbiň b pncyHKax BapHaHTxapaKTBpH3ýcTCH τεω, mto 3πεΜ8Ητω τεπηοπερεββΗΗ 1 BKjnoqawTca β cHCTBMy τεπ-JIOO6M8Ha Β MBCTaX y®8 HMBKXUHXCH COOpyJKBHHň flJIH OHHCTKH yCTaHOBKH, HanpHMBpb TpySonpoBOflax οτοίημχ boa; β stom cnyqaB οηη βμποληηιοτ cboio φνΗκηπιο nna-Baa b Tpy6onpoBOflB, Sjibmbhth τεπηοπερεΑεηΗ 12 c qacTBMH πρκεοεΑΗΗεΗΗΗ 6 HaOĎOHX KOHIjaX npBACTaBJlHHJT CO6oň OAHOKaHajIbHbrií 3JI8M8HT HJIH JI8HTOOĎpa3HblňMHoroKaHairbHbiň sjiombht, cm. Φηγ. 5, 7 h 9. Β Φηγ. 5 bo3Mo«8h BapnaHT, bkotopom 3JicM8HTbi τεπηοπερεΑβΗΗ pacnonowcHbí nofl yrnoM b 90°, TaKHC sjicmchtnMoryT HaňTH Hcnonb3OBaHHC b cocy^ax otctob ηλη xpaHeHHH 13, Φηγ. 13. Kor.uanapcflenaioT φορών Hrpraca "Y” CTpyňxaHaJia. 11 H3 Φηγ. 11b φορών HKca "X", toc noMoqbio sbbmchtob τεπηοπερεΑβΜΗ 12 mojkho nonyqHTb ηροχοΑΗΐιιεε ropH3oHTajih-Ηοε pacnoJioHccHHc b cTpyňKaHanc 11.

Hco6xoflHMO otmothtb ajib noKaaaHHbix BapnaHTOB npaKTnqccKoro npHMOHCHHa 3ηε-mchtob τεπηοπερεΑβηΗ 1, mto MaKCHManbHbiň H3rH6aromHň paflnyc γη6κηχ sjicmchtobcflcnaH MCHbmc HMCJomoHca oTKpMToň nnomaAH εεηεΗΗΗ ajih τογο, ητοδω H36c»aTb3aBH3broaHHe yanoM oTflenbHbtx KaHanoB npH He6jiaronpHHTHOM TypĎyneHTHoM τεηε-HHH. B KPHTHMCCKHX CJiyqaBX U8JlBCOO6pa3HO ΠρΗΜβΗΗΤΒ mHypOO6pa3Hb]C HJIH KaHa-Too6pa3Hbia φΗκοβτορω paccTOHHHH, ΠρΗΤΗ3ΗΗΗΗ Η3θ6ρ8Τ8ΗΗΗ 1 . HmCCTCH cnoco6 npHMBHCHHH ΤβΠΛΟθ6Μ8ΗΗΗΚΟΒ ΑΠΗ pa6oTbI B CHJIbHO 3arpB3H8H-Hbix, TCKyniHX τεπηοΗοοΗτεηΗΧ, xapaKTepH3ywiHHXCH τεΜ, ητο οοΒεριπεΗΗο cbo- 256935 ĎOflHO B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT ΤβΜβΗΗΗ TenJIOHOCHTeJIH , HBHXyfyHeCH KOHTaKTHbie ΠΟ- ’BepxHocTH TenjiooOMeHHHKa HaxoflHTcH b CTpyftxaHajiax hjih flpyrnx MecTax Τβ-ΜβΗΗΗ TenJIOHOCHTeJIH. 2. Tennonepeflaromee ydTpoňcTBo hjih fleMOHCTpaHHH cnoco6a no πρΗΤΗ3βΗΗΐο 1 cnpHcoeflHHHTenbHbíMH ycTpoftcTBaMH flJiH TennonepeflaiomHx sneMeHTOB hjih ko-Potkhx 33MKHyTbix KaHajioB xapaKTepH3yeTcn τβΜ, mto 3ΐιβΜβΗτω Tenjionepena-mh (1, 12) COCTOHT.H3 οηηογο hjih HecKÓnbKux mnaHroo6pa3Hbtx, pasHoro ce-ueHHH CTpyHKaHajioB 'h3 γηΘκογο MaTepnana, πρπΜβΜ βηβΜβΗΤ TenjionepeflaMH(12) H3 OflHOrO HJIH HeCKOJIbKHX KBHaJIOB ΗΜββΤ y 060HX KOHIJOB ΜββΤΜβ npHCO-eflHHeHHJt (6) hjih sjíeMeHT TenjionepenaMH (1) H3 HecKOJlbKHX cTpýňxaHanoB(2, 3) HMe6T oflHy hjih HfecxojibKo nacTeřt npHCoeflHHeHHB (6) c oflHoro KOHita,a c npyroro kohhh κοροτκο 3aMKHyTbie CTpyňKa najai. hjih τβΜβΗΗΗ τβαποΗοβΗτβπΗ. . 3. ycTaHOBKH Tenjioo6MeHa b npHTH3aHHH 2 xapaxTepHayioTCH τβΜ, mto cTpyňxaHa-jtbi ajiGMeHTOB TeiuionepeflaMH (1, 12) πρΗβοβΗΗΗΗίοτβΗ núcjienoBaTejibHo B OflHoňrOpH3OHTaJIbHoft HJIH BepTHKajIbHOŘ njlOCKOCTH B BHfle OflHOrO 3JieMeHTa, COCTÓ- 1mnero H3 oflHoro MaTepnajia hjih o6pa3yiomerocH c noMombio BcnoMoraTejibHbixBerne ctb, τβκκχ Kax: KJieň, cBdpica hjih eaxHMbi. A. YcTaHOBKH Teimoo6MeHa b n. 2 ... 4 xapaKTepHayioTCH τβΜ, mto CTpyňxaHajibi(2, 3), cocToumne hs γηΟκογο MaTepHana, HanpHMep njiacTMaccbi, ynjioTHHioTCHMeTajUIHMeCKHMH| MHHepajIbHblMH, TKaHeBblMH HJIH flpyrHMH, yCHJIHBaramHMH npOM-HOCTb H flonrOBeMHOCTb KaHaJIOB, BKJIIOMeHHHMH. npHJiaraiOTCH TPH CŤpaHHHbl C pHCyHKaMH. AHHOTaiJHH . ' Ή3θ6ρβΤβΗΗβ HBJIHeTCH CnOCOSOM ΠρΗΜβΗβΗΗΗ ΤβΐυΐΟΟ0ΜβΗΗΗΚΟΒ H yCTaHOBKOft ΤβΠΛΟ-nepeflaMH hjih npennoMTHTejibHoň paSoTbi b TenJioHocHTejinx c OTHocHTenbHo BbicoxoftCTeneHbK) 6HOJIOrHMeCKOrO, φΗ3ΗΜβΟΚΟΓΟ H MaCTHMHO ΧΗΜΗΜβΟΚΟΓΟ 3arpH3HeHHň,HanpHMep B CTOMHbIX BOflaX CaHy3JIOB H KyXOHb,B pa3JTHMHbIX npoMbimjieHHWX BOflaX,b npHpoflHbix TexymHx Boflax η τ.π. ’ .

Uejibio Η3θόρβτεΗΗΗ HBJíneTCH noJiyneHHe 3φφεκτΗΒΗθή τβαποπβρβΛβΜΗ c noMombwnpocťbix h HaaeiKHbix MeponpHHTHň, xapaKTepHaywmeňcH CTaóHJibHocTbio η 3HaMHTejib-HbiM yMeHbmeHHeM aaTpaT Ha Η3ΓοτοΒΠβΗΗβ, MaTepHaji h peMOHT. OchobhoA saAaneňHBJíHJiocb, H36e«aTb 3aTbixaHHe KaHanoB τβΜβΗΗΗ TenJIOHOCHTeJIH h sanonHeHHe koh-TaKTHbtx noBepxnocTeň rpji3bio, B Η3θ6ρβτβΗΗΗ 3Ta 3aflaMa pemaeTCH τβΜ, mto KOH-TaKTHbie noBepxHocTH TenjiooSMeHHHKa flenracyTCH b aaBHCHMOCTH ot ycjioBHň τβΜβ—hhhŤenjioHocHTejiH coBepmeHHo cboBosho b xanajiax ΤβΜβΗΗΗ. HeoSxoflHMbie ajih3Toro ajieMeHTbi TenjionepeflaMH coctoht H3 cboÓohho flBiracymHXCH, nuiaHroo6pa3Hbix,γη6κηχ MaTepnajioB. npHSHaHO Η3ο6ρβτβΗΗβΜ no pe3yjibT3TaM 3KcnepTH3bI, ocymecTBjíeHHoň BeflOMCTBOMno flejiaM ΗόοόρβτβΗΗή η naTeHTOB fflP. 3 MepTesca 256935