CS256711B1

CS256711B1 - Optoelectronic infrared sensor for measuring deviations of nominal dimensions and surface roughness

Info

Publication number: CS256711B1
Application number: CS855226A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Vladimir Volcko; Jaroslav Volcko
Original assignee: Vladimir Volcko; Jaroslav Volcko
Priority date: 1985-07-15
Filing date: 1985-07-15
Publication date: 1988-04-15
Also published as: CS522685A1

Abstract

Optoelektronický infračervený snímač je určený pre súčasné meranie rozmerov a drsnosti povrchu rotačných súčiastok na programovo-riadených strojoch a pozostáva zo základného telesa, kde sú umiestnené dve snímacie časti, na meranie odchýlok rozmerov a na meranie drsnosti a v ktorom pře každú snímaciu časť je uložený zdroj infračerveného žiarenia. Základné teieso snímača je spojené maticou s držiakom nástrojov. Pri meraní odchýlok rozmerov sa vyžiarený lúč zo zodpovedajúceho zdroja žiarenia odráža od meraného povrchu na vyhodnocovací fotodetektor umiestnený v puzdre a uchytený v tyčo.vom segmente, ktorého polohu nastavuje ďiferenclálna skrutka a vodiaca tyčka. Pri súčasnom meraní drsnosti povrchu vyžiarený a odrazený lúč prechádza cez sústavu šošoviek umiestnených vo vymenitelnom telese a sústavu odrazných hranolov uchytených v prírubovom telese. Odrazený a rozptýlený lúč prechádza cez valcov.ú šošovku a filter pre potlačenie cudzieho světla, do sústavy vyhodnocovacích fotodiód umiestnených v telese, uchyteného k základnému telesu. Získané analogové signály sa vyhodnotia.The optoelectronic infrared sensor is intended for simultaneous measurement of dimensions and surface roughness of rotating parts on program-controlled machines and consists of a base body, where two sensing parts are located, for measuring dimensional deviations and for measuring roughness, and in which a source of infrared radiation is stored for each sensing part. The base body of the sensor is connected by a nut to the tool holder. When measuring dimensional deviations, the emitted beam from the corresponding radiation source is reflected from the measured surface to the evaluation photodetector located in the housing and mounted in the rod segment, the position of which is adjusted by a differential screw and a guide rod. When simultaneously measuring surface roughness, the emitted and reflected beam passes through a system of lenses located in a replaceable body and a system of reflecting prisms mounted in a flange body. The reflected and scattered beam passes through a cylindrical lens and a filter for suppressing extraneous light, into a system of evaluation photodiodes located in a body attached to the base body. The obtained analog signals are evaluated.

Description

256711256711

Vynález sa týká zariadenia pře súčasnémeranie odchýlok menovítých rozmerov adrsnosti povrchu v automatické]' kontrolepřesnosti obrábania rotačných súčiastok načíslicovo a programovo riadených strojoch.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a device for coinciding with the deviations of nominal dimensions of surface roughness in automatic control of the accuracy of machining rotary components in numerically and program controlled machines.

Pri trieskovom obrábaní rotačných súčias-tok v automatizovaných výrobných systé-moch je problematické počas automatické-ho cyklu rýchlo a spoiahlivo definovat od-chýlku menovitého rozměru a drsnostpovrchu. Problematika spočívá v nájdení spó-sobu merania, ktorý by bol schopný bez-prostředné pri vlastnom reznom procese a-lebo po jeho skončení v pracovnom priesto- re stroja, súčasne merať odchýlky meno-vitého rozměru a drsnosti povrchu a zabez-pečit prípadnú korekciu pre dosiahnutíepožadovanéj hodnoty. Doteraz vo svete známesnímače sa používajú len na meranie odchý-lok menovítých rozmerov.In the machining of rotary components in automated manufacturing systems, it is difficult to quickly and reliably define the deviation of nominal dimension and surface roughness during the automatic cycle. The problem lies in finding a method of measurement that is capable of being in the actual cutting process or after finishing it in the working area of the machine, at the same time measuring deviations of the nominal size and surface roughness and ensuring possible correction for to achieve the desired value. So far known in the world, sensors are only used for measuring deviations of nominal dimensions.

Optoelektronický infračervený snímač pó-dia vynálezu, rieši uvedená problematikyaktívnej kontroly pri trieskovom obrábanírotačných súčiastok. Podstata vynálezu spo-čívá v tom, že k držiaku nástrojov je mati-cou uchytené základné teleso snímača, vktorom sú umiestnené zdroje infračervené-ho žiiarenia. K základnému telesu snímačaje upevněný vyhodnocovací fotodetektor, u-miestnený v puzdre, ktoré je uchytené v ty-čovom segmente, ktorý je v kontakte s di-ferenciálnou skrutkou a spojený s vodiacoutyčkou, ktorá je posuvné uložená v drážkezákladného telesa snímača a telesa. Vymě-nitelné teleso, v ktorom je umiestnená sú-stava šošoviek, je upevněné v přírubě, kto-ré je připevněná k základnému telesu sní-mača. K základnému telesu snímača je tiežpřipojené teleso, v ktorom je uložená sústa-va vyhodnocovacích fotodiód, šošovka a fli-ter. Rektifikačnými skrutkami a tlačnýmipružinami je k základnému telesu snímačauchytené přírubové teleso, v ktorom sú u-miestnené a upevněné optické odrazné hra-noly.The optoelectronic infrared transducer of the invention solves the above-mentioned active control of chip machining parts. The essence of the invention is that the sensor body is attached to the tool holder by a basic sensor body, in which the infrared radiation sources are located. An evaluation photodetector mounted in the housing is attached to the base body of the sensor, which is mounted in a rod segment which is in contact with the differential screw and connected to a guide which is displaceable in the groove-body of the sensor and body. The replaceable body in which the lens assembly is located is mounted in a flange that is attached to the sensor base body. There is also a body connected to the sensor base body in which the photodiode system, lens and lens are mounted. A flanged body is attached to the base body by means of rectification bolts and compression coils, in which the optical reflecting bars are located and fixed.

Podlá dalšieho prevedenia snímača súzdroje infračerveného žiarenia uložené vpuzdrách, ktoré sú spojené s telesami, kdesú umiestnené šošovky, pričom telesá súupevněné v základném telese snímača-According to a further embodiment of the transducer, the infrared radiation devices are disposed in the housings, which are connected to the bodies, where the lenses are located, the bodies fixed in the basic sensor body.

Uvedené zariadenie pódia vynálezu opro-ti súčasnému stavu techniky umožňuje sú-časne merať rozměrové změny a drsnosťpovrchu priamo v priebehu režného proce-su alebo po jeho skončení a súčasne usku-točňovať analýzu hodnotených parametrova s nadváznosťou riadiaceho systému obrá-bacieho stroja uskutočňovať příslušné ko-rekcie pre dosiahnutíe požadovanej hodno-ty. Příklad konštrukčného riešenia snímačapódia vynálezu je znázorněný na jednotli-vých výkresoch.According to the state of the art, the device according to the invention enables the measurement of the dimensional changes and roughness of the surface simultaneously during or after the raw process and at the same time analyzing the evaluated parameters with the continuity of the machine control system. to get the desired value. An example of the design of the sensor of the invention is shown in the drawings.

Na obr. 1 je znázorněný pohiad na cel-ková zostavu optoelektronického infračer-veného snímača.Fig. 1 is a view of an overall assembly of an optoelectronic infrared sensor.

Na obr. 2 je priečný rez C—C z obr. 1, zo- brazujňci snímaciu časť na meranie odchý-lok rozmerov.Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the C-C of Fig. 1, showing the sensor portion for measuring the deviation of the dimensions.

Na obr. 3 je priečny rez A—A z obr. 1 aspolu s obr. 4, kde je rez B—B z obr. 3, zo-brazujú snímaciu časť na meranie drsnostipovrchu. Pódia obr. 1 je v základnom telese sní-mača 1 umiestnená snímacia časť na me-ranie odchýlok menovitých rozmerov 2 asnímacia časť na meranie drsnosti povrchu 3. Základné teleso snímača 1 je spojené sprednou časťou 4 držiaka nástrojov 5 s ku-želovou stopkou, prostredníctvom matice B. Pódia obr. 2 v základnom telese snímača 1 je uchytené teleso 8, v ktorom je umiest-nená Šošovka 10. Teleso 8 je spojené s puz-drom 7, v. ktorom je umiestnený zdroj infra-červeného žiarenia 9. Vyhodnocovací foto-detektor 11 a šošovka 19 sú umiestnené vpuzdre 12. Puzdro 12 je uchytené v tyčovomsegmente 13, skrutkou 20, ktorého rektífi-káciu pre nastavenie uhlu odrazu, zabezpe-čuje diferenciálna skrutka 14 a skrutka 15.Vodiaca tyčka 18 je spojená s tyčovým seg-mentem 13 a posuvné uložená v rybinovitejdrážke základného telesa snímača 1 a tele-sa 17. Skrutka 18 ovládajúca vodiacu tyčku18 a je umiestnená v telese 17. Pódia obr. 3 a 4 v základnom telese sní-mača 1 je umiestnené teleso 8 s puzdrom7 pri tom istom zložení a tým istým spňso-bom, ako pri popise obr. 2. Optické odraz-né hranoly 21 s polopriepustnou vrstvou súuchytené v prírubovom telese 22 a sú za-istené podložkami a skrutkami 23. Přírubo-vé teleso 22 je uchytené pomocou dvochrektifikačných skrutiek 24 a tlačných pru-žin 25. Sústava šošoviek 26, 27 je umiestne-ná vo vymeniteinom telese 28 a zaistenákrúžkom 29. Vyměnitelné teleso 28 je pri-skrutkované v prírube 30. Příruba 30 dosa-dá na opěrná plochu základného telese sní-mača 1 a je v ňom presne uložená. Lineár-na sústava vyhodnocovacích fotodiód 31 jeumiestnená v telese 32, kde sa nachádzašošovka 34, filter 33 a sú zaistené podložka-mi a skrutkami 35, 36. V základnom telese snímača 1 je připev-něné puzdro 37, v ktorom je umiestnená fo-todióda 38. Fotodióda 38 a jej uchytenie od-padá, ked zdrojom žiarenia je laser.Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 1, with Fig. 4 showing section B-B of Fig. 3, showing the sensor surface for surface roughness measurement. In FIG. 1, a sensing portion for measuring the deviations of the nominal dimensions 2 is provided in the sensor base 1, and a surface roughness measuring portion 3 is provided. The basic sensor body 1 is connected by a front part 4 of the tool holder 5 to a conical shank by means of 2, the body 8 in which the lens 10 is placed. The body 8 is connected to a sleeve 7 in which the source of infrared radiation 9 is located. The detector 11 and the lens 19 are housed in a housing 12. The housing 12 is held in a rod segment 13 by a screw 20 whose rectification to adjust the angle of reflection is provided by a differential screw 14 and a screw 15. The zodiac of the rod 18 is connected to the rod segment. The bolt 18 controls the guide bar 18 and is located in the body 17. The bases of FIGS. 3 and 4 in the base of the sensor bar and are disposed in the dovetail groove of the sensor base body. The housing 1 is provided with a housing 7 at the same composition and in the same manner as in FIG. 2. The optical reflecting prisms 21 with a semi-permeable layer are held in the flange body 22 and secured by washers and bolts 23. The flange body 22 is fixed by means of two adjustment screws 24 and compression springs 25. The assembly of lenses 26, 27 is disposed in a replaceable body 28 and secured by a ring 29. The replaceable body 28 is screwed in the flange 30. Flange 30 is provided on the support surface of the sensor base 1 and is positioned therein. The linear array of evaluation photodiodes 31 is disposed in the body 32 where the lens 34, the filter 33, and the washers and bolts 35, 36 are located. In the base body of the sensor 1 is mounted a housing 37 in which the photodiode is located 38. The photodiode 38 and its attachment fall away when the radiation source is a laser.

Funkcia snímača spočívá v meraní odchý-lok rozmerov a drsnosti povrchu a je nasle-dovná:The function of the sensor is to measure the deviation of dimensions and surface roughness and is as follows:

Meranie rozmerovej odchýlky pódia obr. 2 je založené na zákone lomu a odrazu svět-la, ktorý závisí od rozměru súčiastky. Zdro-jom infračerveného žiarenia 9 je napr. lu-miniscenčná dioda, ktorá je umiestnená vovoliteinej vzdialenosti pod osou obrobku.Volbou vzdialenosti sa zváčšuje alebo zmen-šuje rozsah merania. Povrch obrobku odrá-ža dopadajúci lúč na vyhodnocovací foto-detektor 11, ktorého poloha zodpovedá da-nému uhlu odrazu. Před uvedením do čin-nosti je potřebné nastaviť vyhodnocovacíThe measurement of the dimensional variation of the stage of FIG. The source of infrared radiation 9 is, for example, a luminescence diode, which is located at a permissible distance below the workpiece axis. The surface of the workpiece reflects the incident beam on the evaluation photo-detector 11, the position of which corresponds to the given reflection angle. Before commissioning it is necessary to set the evaluation

Claims

258711 a photodetector 11 at a given angle of reflection, which is at a distance. The exact adjustment is made by the implementation mechanism, which is represented by the differential screw 14, the screw 13, the guide rod 18 moving in the fish groove of the bodies 1, 17. A very small change in the angle of reflection occurs with a very small radius of the component. As the diameter of the component is larger, the angle of scattering of the deflected beams is so small that it is possible to use a suitable lens 19 to display the photosensitive layer of the evaluation path of the tester 11. leading angle of reflection. Depending on the change in the intensity of the incident light on the photodetector 11, a change in the photodetector resistor R is induced (it is proportional to the change in the diameter of the workpiece). The analog signal thus obtained can be, for example, transmitted via a transmitter to a receiver or optoelectronic. The surface roughness measurement of Figs. 3 and 4 is as follows: The infrared source 39 is, for example, a luminescent diode. The beam of its luminous beams is focused on the surface to be examined through the lenses 2B, 27 and the prisms 21 with the semi-permeable layer. The spaced-apart surface is set at the focal distance of the lens assembly 2S, 27, whose optical axis is identical to the workpiece axis. This radiation is conducted from the detaching pile 21 to the photodiode 38 for correcting the light variation of the radiation source. (When using a laser as the source of radiation. This correction function is omitted.) Reflected light from the examined surface diffuses spontaneously according to the roughness profile and is reflected on the semi-permeable edge of the optical prism 21 into a set of evaluating photodiodes 31. Lens 34 is used to show the beams in one direction, which is advantageous for the linear positioning of the photodiodes. The light suppression of another wave length is provided by the filter 33 in the system. that the more rugged the surface, the more reflected light the more diffused the more the photodiodes are lit. Each diode generates an electrical signal that is similar to that described in the measurement of dimensional variation, either frequency or optoelectronic. the microcomputer can be evaluated by a curve or numerical value it is a variable statistical distribution of light, it expresses the numerical value of the average surface roughness, and under defined conditions there is a correlation with the value of the roughness Ra. The optoelectronic infrared transducer of the present invention is primarily intended to provide volumetric measurement for the automatic dimensional and surface roughness inspection of rotary components on programmatically and numerically controlled lathes in automated technological workplaces meeting the requirements of flexible automation. The use of a transducer can be extended to measure rotational components in program-controlled machining centers and other machining operations. It is possible to control the deviation of the dimensions and the roughness of the holes, but it depends on the size of the sensor construction. After disassembling the measuring scale used for measuring the roughness by adjusting the gauge attachment, its application extends to other areas of automated production. PRSDMKT

An optoelectronic infrared sensor measuring deviations of nominal dimensional surface roughness, characterized in that it comprises a tool holder (5) to which a basic body (6) is attached to the sensor (1) in which infrared radiation sources are located (6). 9, 39) and a fixed evaluation photodetector (11) disposed in the housing (12) which is mounted in a rod segment (13) which is in contact with the differential screw (14) and the guide rod (16), which is displaceable in the groove of the base telescope (1) and the body (17), wherein the replaceable body (28) in which the lens assembly (26, 27) is located is mounted in a flange (30) attached to the base of the detector body (1) to which the body (32) is connected, in which the set of evaluation photodiodes (31) and the lens (34) are arranged, between which the filter (33) is placed and rectifying screws (24) with pusher A spring flange body (22) is attached to the base body of the sensor (1) by means of springs (25), in which the optical reflectors (21) are fixed.

2. An optoelectronic infrared sensor according to claim 1, wherein the infrared sources (9, 39) are mounted. the housings (7) being connected to the bodies (8) where the lenses (10) are located, the bodies (8) being fixed in the base of the sensor (1).

3 sheets of drawings ·