CS255388B1

CS255388B1 - Glass melting U-flame single vault furnace with two-branch recuperator

Info

Publication number: CS255388B1
Application number: CS864998A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Alexander Sebik
Original assignee: Alexander Sebik
Priority date: 1986-07-02
Filing date: 1986-07-02
Publication date: 1988-03-15
Also published as: CS499886A1

Abstract

Pec zahrňujúca taviaci bazén, spojený prietokom s pracovnou častou, má rekuperátor připojený k zadnej časti taviaceho bazénu. Rekuperátor je rozdělený deliacou stěnou na dve samostatné vetve, z ktorých každá je vybavená horákovým vletom, odtahovou šachtou a komorou spatovacieho vzduchu. Horákové vlety a odtahové šachty sú umiestnené v radě vedla seba a vyúsťuji! do zadnej časti taviaceho bazénu. Horákové vlety možu byť umiestnené po vonkajšich stranách zadnej steny taviaceho bazénu, potom odtahové šachty sú umiestnené vo vnútornej časti zadnej steny taviaceho bazénu, ale je možné i riešenie opačné. Preto sposob riešenia rekuperácie odpadného tepla spalin a topného i odtahového systému předpokládá vývin dvojitého U-plameňa pozdlž taviaceho bazénu.The furnace including a melting pool, connected by flow to the working part, has a recuperator connected to the rear part of the melting pool. The recuperator is divided by a partition wall into two separate branches, each of which is equipped with a burner inlet, an exhaust shaft and a return air chamber. The burner inlets and exhaust shafts are arranged in a row next to each other and open into the rear part of the melting pool. The burner inlets can be arranged on the outer sides of the rear wall of the melting pool, then the exhaust shafts are arranged in the inner part of the rear wall of the melting pool, but the opposite solution is also possible. Therefore, the method of solving the recovery of waste heat of flue gases and the heating and exhaust system assumes the development of a double U-flame along the melting pool.

Description

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Vynález sa, týká sklárskej taviacej Uplamennej jednoklenbovej pece s dvojvetvovým rekuperátorom, zahrňujúcej taviaci b arzén spojený prietokom s pracovnou častou, horákové vlety s palivovými tryskami, odtahové šachty a k zadnej stene taviaceho bazénu připojený rekuperátor, tvořený etážové usporiadanými horizontál nymi kanálmi pre spalovací vzduch a vertikálnymi kanálmi pre spaliny, pozostávajúci z dolnej nízkoteplotnej časti a hornej vysokotepelnej časti a opatřený prívodom spaiovacieho vzduchu a odťahom spalin.The invention relates to a glass melting flamed single-arch furnace with a two-branch recuperator, comprising a melting pool connected by flow to the working part, burner inlets with fuel nozzles, exhaust shafts and a recuperator connected to the rear wall of the melting pool, formed by tiered horizontal channels for combustion air and vertical channels for flue gases, consisting of a lower low-temperature part and an upper high-temperature part and provided with a combustion air supply and flue gas exhaust.

Sklářské taviace vanové rekuperatívne pece s pozdížnym U-plameňom a dvojitou klenbou sú popísané napr. v publikácii V. Mainera Sklářské pece, SNTL Praha 1967, str. 172. Plameň je vedený v pozdížnom smere taviaceho priestoru vo smere pohybu skloviny. Odťahom umiestneným medzi hornou klenbou pece a medziklenbou sú spaliny odtahované do rekuperátora. Tieto rekuperatívne vane s medziklenbou sú funkčně poměrně jednoduché a dosahujú nízku spotřebu tepla na utavenie skloviny. Ich podstatnou nevýhodou je však krátká životnost medziklenby, ktorá je najviac namáhanou častou celého agregátu. Medziklenba je obojstranne ohrievaná a vplyv vysokej teploty sa prejavuje hlavně v hornej časti medziklenby a tiež v oblasti ústia hořákového vletu. Dochádza ku korózii týchto častí účinkom spalin a alkáliami z rozprachu a výparov.Glass melting bath recuperative furnaces with a longitudinal U-flame and a double arch are described, for example, in the publication by V. Mainer Glass Furnaces, SNTL Prague 1967, p. 172. The flame is guided in the longitudinal direction of the melting space in the direction of the movement of the glass. The exhaust gas is drawn into the recuperator by a vent located between the upper arch of the furnace and the intermediate arch. These recuperative baths with an intermediate arch are functionally relatively simple and achieve low heat consumption for melting the glass. Their significant disadvantage, however, is the short service life of the intermediate arch, which is the most stressed part of the entire unit. The intermediate arch is heated on both sides and the effect of high temperature is mainly manifested in the upper part of the intermediate arch and also in the area of the burner inlet mouth. These parts are corroded by the effects of exhaust gases and alkalis from spray and vapors.

Sú popísané jednoklenbové rekuperatívne vaňové pece, kde sú umiestnené dva rekuperátory. Buď pri oboch dlhších stěnách bazénu, ako je popísané v čs. AO č. 193 349, kde je plameň vedený z dvoch horákových vletov, umiestnených v čelnej stene vane a spaliny sú odtahované dvoma odtahovými šachtami rekuperátora, umiestnenými v bočných stěnách taviaceho priestoru v blízkosti zakladacieho přístavku. Alebo můžu byť umiestnené pozdlž čeriaceho priestoru pece, ako je uvedené v čs. AO č. 177 537. Horákové vlety sú v tomto případe umiestnené v čelnej stene medzi taviacim a čeriacim priestorom a sú orientované do taviacej časti. Odtahové kanále sú umiestnené až na konci čeriaceho priestoru. K týmto dvora rekuperátorom zložitej konštrukcie možu byť priradené ešte dva ďalšie kovové rekuperátory odiisnej konštrukcie. Vedenie plameňa vytvoří čiastočný dvojitý U-plameň, ktorý bude sposobovať koróziu bočnej steny čeriacej časti. V případe nutnej opravy tejto steny však by bola oprava veími obtiažna, respektive nemožná, čím by došlo ku skráteniu životnosti pece. V obidvoch uvedených prípadoch relativné dlhá vzdialenosť od rekuperátorov k horákovým vletom může nepriaznivo ovplyvniť vstupná teplotu predohriateho vzduchu ku spaíovaniu. Prevádzka dvoch rekuperátorov může pri vzájomne nerovnomernom chodě rekuperátorov. spósobiť tepelné i tlakové — tahové rozdelenie pece po jej dížke.Single-vault recuperative bath furnaces are described, where two recuperators are located. Either at both longer walls of the pool, as described in Czechoslovak Patent Application No. 193 349, where the flame is led from two burner inlets located in the front wall of the bath and the flue gases are removed through two exhaust shafts of the recuperator, located in the side walls of the melting area near the foundation extension. Or they can be located along the refining area of the furnace, as described in Czechoslovak Patent Application No. 177 537. The burner inlets are in this case located in the front wall between the melting and refining areas and are oriented towards the melting part. The exhaust channels are located at the end of the refining area. Two additional metal recuperators of a separate design can be assigned to these complex recuperators. The flame guide will create a partial double U-flame, which will cause corrosion of the side wall of the clarifying section. However, in the event of a necessary repair of this wall, the repair would be very difficult, or even impossible, which would shorten the life of the furnace. In both cases, the relatively long distance from the recuperators to the burner inlets can adversely affect the inlet temperature of the preheated air for combustion. The operation of two recuperators can, if the recuperators operate unevenly, cause a thermal and pressure-draft distribution of the furnace along its length.

Rozdelenie rekuperátorov na v.ysokoteplotnú a nizkoteplotnú časť je uvedené v čs. AO č. 156 811 a 191 053. Vrchná vysokoteplotná časť je silno tepelne namáhaná a je vystavená silnému korozívnemu účinku spalin.The division of recuperators into high-temperature and low-temperature parts is specified in the Czechoslovak Administrative Procedure Code No. 156 811 and 191 053. The upper high-temperature part is heavily thermally stressed and is exposed to the strong corrosive effect of flue gases.

Uvedené nevýhody sa odstránia, alebo podstatné obmadzia u sklárskej taviacej Uplamennej jednoklenbovej pece pódia·; vynálezu, ktorého podstata spočívá v tom, že rekuperátor je rozdělený zvislou deliacou stěnou na dve samostatné vetve, z ktorých každá je vybavená^ vždy jedným; horákovým vletom a jednou odtahovou šachtou, vyúsťujúcimi do zadnej steny taviaceho bazénu. Hořákový vlet. je od odťahovej šachty oddělený oddeíovacou stěnou; Každá z vetve· rekuperátora má pod svojim horákovým vletom a odtahovou šachtou umiestnená samostatná komoru spaiovacieho vzduchu, ktorá je od príslušnej odťahovej šachty oddělená uzatváracou platňou.The above disadvantages are eliminated or substantially reduced in the glass melting flamed single-arch furnace of the invention, the essence of which lies in the fact that the recuperator is divided by a vertical dividing wall into two separate branches, each of which is equipped with one burner inlet and one exhaust shaft, opening into the rear wall of the melting pool. The burner inlet is separated from the exhaust shaft by a dividing wall; Each branch of the recuperator has a separate combustion air chamber located under its burner inlet and exhaust shaft, which is separated from the respective exhaust shaft by a closing plate.

U navrhovaného· riešenia sklárskej’ taviacej rekuperatívnej U-plamennej pece pódia vynálezu odpadne medziklenba, ktorá limituje velkost pece, jej životnost a zvyšuje stavebné náklady. Je potřebný iba- jeden· rekuperátor. Je využité efektívneho jednoduchého riešenia umiestnenia horákových vletov a odtahových šachiet, ktoré umožňuje opravu pece i po dobu výpadku buď jedného hořákového vletu, jednej od taliové j šachty, alebo i celej vetve rekuperátora při jej jednostrannom vykuřovaní a pec nie je třeba vyhasiť. Rozdělením odvodu spalin a predohrevu. spaiovacieho vzduchu do dvoch vetiev jedného rekuperátora. sú dané před? poklady pre rovnoměrnější»’ zataženie. pece a rekuperátora i využitie výhrevnej p'ochy rekuperátora a v důsledku tolio zvýšenie teploty- spaiovacieho vzduchu.In the proposed solution of the glass melting recuperative U-flame furnace according to the invention, the intermediate vault is eliminated, which limits the size of the furnace, its service life and increases construction costs. Only one recuperator is needed. An effective simple solution for the placement of burner inlets and exhaust shafts is used, which allows the furnace to be repaired even during the failure of either one burner inlet, one of the tailing shafts, or the entire recuperator branch during its one-sided fumigation, and the furnace does not need to be extinguished. By dividing the exhaust of flue gases and preheating of the combustion air into two branches of one recuperator, the conditions are given for a more uniform load on the furnace and the recuperator, as well as the use of the heating area of the recuperator and, as a result, an increase in the temperature of the combustion air.

Příkladné prevedenie vynálezu je popísar né ďalej a· je schematicky, znázorněné na. připojených výkresoch, z ktorých predsta»· vuje obr. 1 celkový nárysný rez pece- s nekupená torom v priestore hořákového- vletu, obr. 2 půdorysný rez A--A z obr. l· a· rekuperátorom, obr. 3 detailný rez B—B z obr. 2 v oblasti odťahovej šachty a obr. 4 pohlad na usporiadanie horákových vletov a odtahových, šachiet od zad» nej steny taviaceho. bazénu.An exemplary embodiment of the invention is described below and is schematically illustrated in the attached drawings, of which Fig. 1 is a general elevational section of the furnace with a non-swept opening in the area of the burner inlet, Fig. 2 is a plan section A--A from Fig. 1 with a recuperator, Fig. 3 is a detailed section B--B from Fig. 2 in the area of the exhaust shaft and Fig. 4 is a view of the arrangement of the burner inlets and exhaust shafts from the rear wall of the melting pool.

Sklářská taviaca vaňová pec obr. 1, obr. 2 pozostáva z taviaceho bazénu 1 obdížnikového prierezu s jednoduchou klenbou, ktorý je spojený prietokom 2 s pracovnou častou 3. Keramický rekuperátor 4 je připojený k zadnej stene taviaceho bazénu 1. Výplň rekuperátora 4 tvoria vertikálně kanále 5, ktorými prúdia z hora dole horúce spaliny a etážove usporiadané horizontálně kanále 6, ktorými sa vedie klukate z dola na hor spalovací vzduch. Rekuperátor 4 pozostáva zo spodnej nízkotepelnej časti 7 a hornej vysokotepelnej časti 8. Nízkotepelná časť 7, převedená napr. zo šamotu, je opatřená prívodom A spaťovacieho vzduchu a odťahom 10 spalin do komína. Vysokoteplotná časť 8, převedená napr. z liateho žiaruvzdorného materiálu, odolnejšieho proti tepelnému zaťaženiu a korózii, má vstupy 11 spalin do vertikálnych kanálov 5 a výstupy 12 spaťovacieho vzduchu,z hOBizontálnych kanálov 6. Rekuperátor 4 je rozdělený v střede vertikálně zvislou deliacou, stěnou 13 na dve samostatné vetve· 14, I5ť Deliaca stená 13 zasahuje až k zadnej.stene taviaceho bazénu 1 asku klenbe.rekupp' rátora 4. Každá z větví 14,! 15“,rekuperátora? 4 má vždy jeden samostatný, hořákový' vletí 16, 17, s podvletove uspopiadaaými, tryskai mi 18, 19 a jednu samostatná odťahovúí šachtu 20, 21 (obr. 2, 3, 4). Horákové-vlety, 16, 17 a odtahové šachty 20,' 21; sů i umiesti nené v řade vedla seba (obr: 2,; 4);a vypa< ťujú do zadnej časti taviaceho bazénu, 1< V· každej vetve 14, 15 je vždy hořákový' vint 16, 17 oddělený od odťahoyej šachty 20,· 21ešte příslušnou oddělovanou stěnou., 22, 23. Každá z větví 14, 15 má j samostatná komoru 24, 25 spaťovacieho vzduchu, ktorá je umiestnená v priestore pod horákovým vletom 16, 17 a odtahovou'šachtou 20, 21 príslušnej vetve 14, 15. Oblast komory 24, 25 spaťovacieho vzduchu je. od' příslušné} odťahovej šachty 20, 21 oddeiená, uzatváracou platňou 26, 27.The glass melting bath furnace Fig. 1, Fig. 2 consists of a melting pool 1 of rectangular cross-section with a single vault, which is connected by a flow 2 to the working part 3. The ceramic recuperator 4 is connected to the rear wall of the melting pool 1. The filling of the recuperator 4 consists of vertical channels 5, through which hot flue gases flow from top to bottom, and horizontal channels 6 arranged in tiers, through which combustion air is led in a zigzag pattern from bottom to top. The recuperator 4 consists of a lower low-temperature part 7 and an upper high-temperature part 8. The low-temperature part 7, made e.g. of fireclay, is provided with a combustion air inlet A and a flue gas outlet 10 to the chimney. The high-temperature part 8, made e.g. made of cast refractory material, more resistant to thermal stress and corrosion, has flue gas inlets 11 into vertical channels 5 and combustion air outlets 12 from horizontal channels 6. The recuperator 4 is divided in the middle by a vertical dividing wall 13 into two separate branches 14. The dividing wall 13 extends to the rear wall of the melting pool 1 as well as the vault of the recuperator 4. Each of the branches 14,! 15", recuperator? 4 always has one separate, burner inlet 16, 17, with sub-inlet nozzles 18, 19 and one separate extraction shaft 20, 21 (fig. 2, 3, 4). Burner inlets, 16, 17 and extraction shafts 20, 21; they are also located in a row next to each other (fig. 2, 4); and they extend to the rear part of the melting pool, 1< In each branch 14, 15 there is always a burner screw 16, 17 separated from the extraction shaft 20, 21 by a corresponding separate wall., 22, 23. Each of the branches 14, 15 also has a separate chamber 24, 25 combustion air, which is located in the space below the burner inlet 16, 17 and the exhaust shaft 20, 21 of the respective branch 14, 15. The combustion air chamber area 24, 25 is separated from the respective exhaust shaft 20, 21 by a closing plate 26, 27.

Pec s rekuperátorom funiguje následovně: Spalovací vzduch sa vede prívodom 9 do.The furnace with a recuperator functions as follows: Combustion air is supplied through inlet 9.

horizontálnych kanálov 6 oboch větví 14, 15 rekuperátora 4, prúdi smerom hoře z nízkoteplotnej časti 7 do vysokoteplotnej časti 8 a na svojej ceste je predohrievaný teplom spalin. Predohriaty vzduch prúdi výstupná 12 do spalovacích komor 24, 25, takže vstupuje po celej šírke rekuperátora 4 do priestoru horákových vletov 18, 17, kde sa mieša s palivom, napr. zemným plynom, privádzaným z podvletove usporiadaných plynových trysiek 18, 19. Z horákových vletov 18, 17 vystupuje plameň vo smere pracovného pohyby, skloyiny do taviaceho priestoru. pece nad.taveninou a před protilahúOu., stěnou taviaceho bazénu 1 sa obracíš. a< jet· vedený do odtahových šachiet 20, 21,. Navrhnutý: spůsob riešenia rekuperácie odpadně,ho tepla t spalin a vykurovacieho a odtahového systému predp-okladá vývin dvojitého U-plameňa ;,v spaťovacom priestore taviaceho<iagj?egátu„ Ak sú horákové vlety 18, 17; situované: po vonkajších stranách (ako je uvažované) na, obr. 2 a 4) zadnej steny taviaceho,'bazénu sl; potom je plameň vedený pozdíž¹ bočných střen:taviaceho bazénu 1 a spaliny sú odtahované?· do odtahových šachiet 28',i 21, umiestnených vo vnútornej časti zadnej, steny taviaceho bazénu 1. Je možné i iné prevedenie, neznázornené na obr. 2 a, 3, kedyv horákové vlety 16, 17 sú umiestnené vo vnútri a»odtahové šachty 20, 21 na vonkajších,stranách zadnej steny taviaceiro bazénu ti; Potom.vzniká opačné vedením obooh smyěiek plameňa, t. j. s vykuřováním vt strednej časti taviaceho bazénu 1 pece a.fS odťahom pozdíž bočných stien taviacehohazénu 1.horizontal channels 6 of both branches 14, 15 of the recuperator 4, flows upwards from the low-temperature part 7 to the high-temperature part 8 and on its way is preheated by the heat of the flue gases. The preheated air flows from the outlet 12 into the combustion chambers 24, 25, so that it enters the entire width of the recuperator 4 into the space of the burner inlets 18, 17, where it mixes with fuel, e.g. natural gas, supplied from the gas nozzles 18, 19 arranged under the inlet. The flame exits from the burner inlets 18, 17 in the direction of the working movement, the slope into the melting space. the furnace above the melt and in front of the counterflow., the wall of the melting pool 1 is turned. and is led into the exhaust shafts 20, 21,. The proposed method for solving the problem of recovering waste heat from flue gases and the heating and exhaust system assumes the development of a double U-flame in the combustion space of the melting aggregate. If the burner inlets 18, 17 are located on the outer sides (as is considered in Fig. 2 and 4) of the rear wall of the melting pool ¹ , then the flame is guided along the side walls of the melting pool 1 and the exhaust gases are extracted into the exhaust shafts 28, 21 located in the inner part of the rear wall of the melting pool 1. Another embodiment, not shown in Fig. 2 and 3, is also possible, where the burner inlets 16, 17 are located inside and the exhaust shafts 20, 21 are located on the outer sides of the rear wall of the melting pool 1. walls of the melting pool; Then.there is an opposite conduction of both flame loops, i.e. with fumigation in the central part of the melting pool 1 of the furnace and.fWith exhaust along the side walls of the melting pool 1.

Claims

combustion air has gone to the mountains. The recuperator 4 consists of the lower low temperature portion 7 and the upper high temperature portion 8. The low heat portion 7, converted e.g. from fireclay, is provided by the supply A of the combustion air and the exhaust 10 is fed to the stack. The high temperature portion 8, converted from, for example, a heat resistant material resistant to thermal stress and corrosion, has the flue gas inlets 11 into the vertical ducts 5 and the exhaust air ducts 12 of the hobison ducts 6. The heat exchanger 4 is divided center vertically vertically by dividing wall 13 into two separate branches · 14; I5rDeliaca wall 13 extends to the rear, ste-ne melting pool 1 asku vault. regrouping 4. Each of the branches 14,! 15 " of the recuperator, 4 each has a separate, burner-in-fly 16, 17, with a subverture arrangement, dainymal nozzles 18, 19 and one separate take-off duct 20, 21 (FIG.

2, 3, 4). Burner-Inlets, 16, 17 and Extraction Shafts 20; 21; and in the rear part of the melting pool, each of the branches 14, 15 is provided with a burner 16, 17 separated from the exhaust shaft 20; Each of the branches 14, 15 also has a separate combustion air chamber 24, 25 which is located in the space beneath the burner lift 16, 17 and the exhaust shaft 20. 21, the respective branch 14, 15. The furnace with the recuperator operates as follows: The combustion air is supplied through the inlet 9 to the horizontal channels 6 of both branches 14,15 of the recuperator 4, the laundry in the direction of the heat sink 7 into the high temperature portion 8 and on its path is the pre-heated exhaust gas temperature. Preheated laundry air 12 emitted to the combustion chambers 24, 25, so that it enters the entire width of the recuperator 4 into the space of the burner ports 16, 17, where it is mixed with the fuel, e.g., natural gas, supplied from the underwater gas nozzles 18 19. From the burner ports 16, 17, the flame extends in the processing direction of the glass to the melting space. the furnace over, over, over, against, and against, the wall of the melting pool 1 is turning. and <is fed to the exhaust shafts 20, 21; Designed: a method for recovering waste heat (flue gas and heating and exhaust systems, providing dual U-flame generation in the combustion chamber of the aggregate. If the burner ports are 16.17; sitwovaffléi on the outside (as intended) 2 to 4) of the rear wall of the pool; then the flame is guided along the sidewalls: the aspal pool 1 is pulled into the 28 21 21 shafts, placed inside the back, of the melting pool 1. Otherwise, not shown, not shown. 2 and 3, when the burner ports 16, 17 are located in a trough and a draw-off shaft 20, 21 at the outer sides of the rear wall of the pool. by fumigation in the middle of the furnace pool 1, and by the exhaustion of the side attenuator pool 1. Pft.EDME.T "Glass melting U-flame single-chamber furnace with a two-branch recuperator, including a melting pool associated with flow-through with a working part, burner vents, combustion ducts, exhaust ducts and a melting pool hinge wall, a recuperator, consisting of floor-mounted horizontal air ducts and vertical duct channels, consisting of a lower-low-temperature high-temperature section and provided with combustion air supply characterized by the fact that the recuperator (4) in yn Alez is divided by a separating wall (13) into two samostals each of which is provided with a burner port (16, 17) and a draw-off shaft (20, 21J) extending into the rear wall of the melting pool (1) and also separated by a separable one (22, 23) ), wherein each of the branches (14, 15) has, below its burner inlet (14, 15) and a draw-off shaft; (20, 21J dispose a separate combustion air chamber (24, 25) which is separated from the respective exhaust shaft (20, 21), separated by a sealed housing (26; 27).