CS249901B1 - Discharging-burning grate of steam and hot water boilers - Google Patents

Abstract

The solution concerns the field of steam boilers and solves the reliable removal of large quantities of various slag. The essence of the solution is that the covering of the belt grate is formed by a grid. The solution can be advantageously used in all types of removal-afterburning grates.

Description

249901

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a burner-burnt-out booth of high-calorific steam and hot-water boilers, characterized by caking, which reliably discharges large amounts of a variety of slags, utilizing the physical heat contained in the heater slag, combusting combustible materials. in slag and prevent explosion caused by hydrogen.

So far, the known device n, and the discharge of scraps from the chambers of the combustion chambers of steam and hot water boilers consist of various types of hoppers combined with different types of crushers and slag cinder with the latest combination of different types of screed-burners grates with grate coverage with dischargers and slag crushers.

The combination of hoppers with crushers and slag blowers is used especially for coal-fired boilers with good melting ability, where the loss of efficacy in the slag as a whole is small. The advantage of these devices is simplicity, lower investment and operating costs and good operational reliability. The disadvantage is that the non-physical heat contained in the slag and the non-burning hot is not used here, and that the boilers that have the bottom of the combustion chamber sealed by the water seal are not prevented by the explosion of the released hydrogen when the large amount of glow slag falls directly into the water of the water seal , which is particularly dangerous in high output tower boilers.

The grate-casting grate-grating grids on which virtually everything that falls from the combustion chamber hopper is retained has proven to be flame-retardant with less ash content, less susceptibility to sloughing, and where the coal powder contained a considerable amount the coarse fraction that gripped on the grid. The layer of such fuels is too high and is formed mainly by the coarse fraction of the angle-of-powder and, to a lesser extent, by the fine flap and pieces of slag. This allows air to flow and thereby burn. For the aforementioned properties of fuel, ash, and layers, there is a problem of unloading and burning in these grates, and also prevent a conductive explosion.

In high-ash fuels, the chambers of combustion chambers will catch more ash, as in fuels with less ash. The grate layer is therefore very high, especially for large-capacity boilers, where the ratio of the bore opening to the grate. the effective area of the grate to the power of the boiler is less than that of the smaller power boiler. The layer is made up of a large bagel with a fine ash and cinder of various sizes (from the smallest pieces to the large-sized pieces m3j and various character (crumbly, porous, hard, tough, melted, and the like). The gentle fly ash is sintered in the layer and forms, together with the bits of slag falling in the combustion chamber, large sinters.This creates additional problems, especially when such a high layer falls back on. Large piece of slag can be jammed in the outlet opening of the grate, resulting in grate creaking, since grate coverage does not provide a reliable discharge as the "big and time-hard hard clinker" grating on the relatively smooth surface of the slats. inappropriate.

The aforementioned drawbacks are eliminated by the blow-out grate according to the invention, the essence of which is that the grating is formed by covering the belt grate. Advantages of the device according to the invention in comparison with the previously used discharge grates with a conventional grate coating are in greater discharge and more reliable discharge, which means that smaller and thus more castable grids can be used for the same boiler. the better utilization of the heat supplied by the fuel in the region of the most utilized power, ie in the range of 60 to 100%, adds savings to the burning, more steam is produced in the evaporator and thus better cooling, especially the first pleats The superheater is more stable. Further advantages lie in the lower retraction of downstream equipment, thereby increasing operational reliability and prolonging service life; more resistant to the fall of very hard heavy slag, in the possibility of making grate and other parts of the grinding device various repairs at all times out of reach and during boiler operation, which reduces the number of boiler shutdowns, in simpler and cheaper production, assembly and maintenance. In contrast to devices that use slag heaps by combining different slats, dischargers and crushers, the present invention has the advantage of better utilization of the heat fed to the boiler by fuel and to prevent hydrogen explosion.

1 is a front elevational view of the invention, FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the grid, FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A - A and FIG. coverage. The belt discharge-burn-out grate consists of a flashing and a frame 1 of an over-temperature-protected grate, a traction link chain of the belt 2, which is mounted on the supports 13 on the upper idle side, a grille 3 which forms the grate cover, driving -ho1 shafts with sprockets, drive bearings 4, in which the speed of the driven shaft with chain springs, bearings and tensioning device 5, cinder hoppers below the inlet section 6 of the hopper 7 collecting the overflow under

Claims (2)

5 249901 grate, combustion water trough 8 pre-wash and overflow 9 of the combustion air. The grating 3 is formed by beams which are attached to the traction member chain of the belt 2, thereby forming an endless belt providing discharge. Lattice beams 3 can be of various shapes, sizes, and materials, but they must be rigid enough to withstand the fall of even the most cinder pieces 10 that can occur in operation, they must be resistant to the radiant flame temperature of the combustion chamber, as well as the temperature They must provide reliable discharge of the slag 10. The portion in direct contact with the hot slag 10 should be replaceable so as not to damage the carrier at the same time in order to test the most suitable shape and density. The lattice density 3, which is determined by the particular conditions on the grate, may be sufficient to provide an overflow of such a fine fraction so that, even at the highest power, the lattice layer 3 is permeable and permits airflow. On the grid 3, all the pieces of slag 10 and a small portion of the fine fraction formed from the uppermost portion of the ash 11 and the smaller portion of the right-angled lawn 12 are captured, thus ensuring the permeability of the layer. The heavier particles of the fraction formed by ash 11, in particular, fall through lattice 3. Easier particulate fraction, consisting mainly of powder 12, air flowing through the over-bed and combustible materials is combusted in the gas. The combustible material contained in the constituents of the forming layer is combusted by combining the principles of classical combustion with the fluidized bed. The air flowing through the layer is heated to remove the physical heat of the leaving slag 10. The density, height and temperature can be controlled by the grate speed, thereby also affecting the intensity of the combustion, the amount of fine friction captured and the use of slag physical heat. and utilizing the physical temperature of the slag 10 can also regulate the temperature and the amount of air supplied to the substructure. The lattice 3 forms a burrow, which provides a good and reliable discharge capability for a large number of heterogeneous slags 10. The lattice 3 is simple, compact, of tough material, and therefore strong enough to satisfy the fall of even the biggest and hardest slag pieces 10. At lower boiler outputs, when only a fine fraction falls and the overflow is ensured, it can stand for a limited period of time, allowing for various repairs to be carried out on the grate and other parts of the deburring device on all parts outside the flue gas range as well as in service. When large pieces of slag 10 fall down, these disintegrate, which ensures better utilization of the physical heat of slag 10, better burn-out of the combustible, facilitates the operation of subsequent parts of the slagging device and prevents the formation of hydrogen extrusion. The invention can be applied to the discharge chimneys of combustion chambers in all types of steam and hot water boilers, but is best applied to steam generators with high ash ash susceptibility to slag, where the relentless discharge of large and a variety of clinker slags, and where it is contemplated that the coil will be most heavily operated within a power range of 60-100%. In principle, the grid that covers the grate can be used in all types of discharge grate. OBJECT OF THE DISPENSING-COATING GRILL OF STEAM AND HOT-WATER BOILERS CONTAINING CHAINING AND FRAME, DRAWING CHAIN LINE OF THE BELT, DRIVE AND DRIVE SHAFT WITH CHAINWEARS, BEARINGS AND DRIVING, characterized in that the covering of the strip grate is formed by a grid (3). 2 sheets of drawings