CS248243B1

CS248243B1 - Poor-bonded servomechanism

Info

Publication number: CS248243B1
Application number: CS598285A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Vladimir Galba; Pavol Slizik; Marian Krajcirik; Ladislav Rafaj
Original assignee: Vladimir Galba; Pavol Slizik; Marian Krajcirik; Ladislav Rafaj
Priority date: 1985-08-19
Filing date: 1985-08-19
Publication date: 1987-02-12

Abstract

Servomechanizmus s polohovou spatnou vazbou, ktorý je určený pre riadenie polohy výkyvné) došky axiálneho hydrostatického prevodníka. Spatná vazba je tvořená priamou dvojramennou pákou, ku ktorej je v strednej časti připojený posúvač umiestnený v prvom válcovém otvore telesa servomechanizmu, pričom jeden koniec dvoijramennej páky je cez piest mechanicky spojený s výkyvnou doskou axiálneho hydrostatického prevodníka. Podstata riešenia je v tom, že druhý koniec dvojramennej páky je pomocou čapu spojený s ovládacím piestom, ktorý je uložený v druhom valcoivom otvore telesa a spriahnutý s dvojčinnou pružinou. Pri převedení servomechanizmu s mechanickým ovládáním je na ovládacom pieste vytvořená drážka, do ktorej s vůiou zapadá prestavovací čap ovládacej páky. Pri převedení servomechanizmu určeného pre riadenie tlaku hydrostatického prevodníka v závislosti na polohe jeho výkyvnej došky je k telesu aspoň na jednom konci připojená tlaková koncovka, v ktorej je súoso s ovládacím piestom umiestnený korekčný piest.Servomechanism with positional feedback, which is intended for controlling the position of the swinging thatch of the axial hydrostatic converter. The feedback is formed by a straight two-armed lever, to which a slider located in the first cylindrical hole of the servomechanism body is attached in the middle part, while one end of the two-armed lever is mechanically connected to the swing plate of the axial hydrostatic converter via a piston. The essence of the solution is that the other end of the double-armed lever is connected by a pin to the control piston, which is placed in the second cylindrical hole of the body and coupled with a double-action spring. When converting a servomechanism with mechanical control, a groove is created on the control piston, into which the adjustment pin of the control lever easily fits. When converting the servomechanism intended for controlling the pressure of the hydrostatic converter depending on the position of its swinging plate, a pressure end is connected to the body at least at one end, in which a correction piston is located parallel to the control piston.

Description

Vynález sa týká servomechanizmu s polohovou spatnou vazbou, ktorý je určený pre riadenie polohy výkyvnej došky axiálneho hydrostatického prevodníka.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a positional feedback servomechanism for controlling the position of an oscillating thatch of an axial hydrostatic transducer.

Pri použití axiálnych hydrostatických prevodníkov v pohonných systémoch strojov sú požiadavky na riadenie prevodníkov velmi různorodé. Z hladiska výrobců je žiadúce, aby čo najviac týchto požiadaviek splnil s minimáinou obměnou základného prevedenia.When using axial hydrostatic converters in machine drive systems, the requirements for the control of the converters are very diverse. From the viewpoint of manufacturers, it is desirable to meet as many of these requirements as possible with a minimum variation of the basic design.

U mnohých známých převedení je servomechanizmus riešený tak, že jeho ovládacia páka je spojená pomocou tiahla s pákovým mechanizmom, na ktorom je připojený hydraulický posúvač so strediacou pružinou a spojenie s výkyvnou doskou. Pri potrebe hydraulického ovládania alebo výkonovej regulácie sa k tomuto mechanizmu přidává ešte hydraulický ovládací válec připojený pomocou pákového mechanizmu, čo představuje adaptáciu nevýhodnú z hladiska zástavbových rozmerov, hmotnosti i prácnosti.In many known embodiments, the servomechanism is designed such that its actuating lever is connected by means of a drawbar to a lever mechanism to which a hydraulic slide with a centering spring and a connection with a pivot plate is connected. When hydraulic control or power regulation is required, a hydraulic control cylinder coupled by means of a lever mechanism is added to this mechanism, which represents an adaptation disadvantageous in terms of installation dimensions, weight and labor.

Toto prevedenie sa nepoužívá v kombinácii s elektrickým riadením. Iné známe riešenie je převedené tak, že hydraulicky ovládaný posúvač je spojený s predpatou súoso umiestnenou dvojčinnou pružinou, ktorá je tiahlom spojená s medzilahlým bodom spátnovázohnej páky, ktorej jeden koncový bod je spojený s výkyvnou doskou a druhý koncový bod je otočný okolo pevného bodu.This design is not used in combination with electrical control. Another known solution is that the hydraulically operated pusher is connected to the bias by a coaxially located double-acting spring, which is coupled to the intermediate point of the reverse lever lever, one end point of which is connected to the pivot plate and the other end point is rotatable about a fixed point.

Toto riešenie umožňuje tiež elektrické riadenie pri použití přídavného člena s elektrickým vstupom a dvomi tlakovými výstupmi připojenými na posúvač. Riešenie neumožňuje mechanické ovládanie polohy výkyvnej došky a také typy riadenia, pri ktorých sa požaduje riadiť výstupný tlak hydrostatického prevodníka v závislosti na polohe výkyvnej došky.This solution also allows electrical control using an additional member with an electrical input and two pressure outputs connected to the slider. The solution does not allow mechanical control of the position of the swinging thatch and those types of control where it is required to control the outlet pressure of the hydrostatic converter depending on the position of the swinging thatch.

Dalším známým riešením je dvojstupňový servomechanizmus obsahujúci v pevnom telese umiestnené dva súosé posúvače, z ktorých prvý je riadiaci a je uložený v druhom — riadenom posúvači stredenom dvomi pružinami a pomocou spátnovázohnej páky a tiahla připojený k výkyvnej doske. Tento servomechanizmus umožňuje mechanické a elektrické ovládanie polohy výkyvnej došky uloženej na valivom ložisku, nie je však vhodný pre ovládanie výkyvnej došky uloženej na klznom ložisku z dovodov nevyhovujúcej přesnosti riadenia. Obměny pre iné typy riadenia u tohoto prevedenia nie sú známe.Another known solution is a two-stage servomechanism comprising in the fixed body two coaxial shifters, the first of which is control and is housed in the second - controlled shifter centered by two springs and connected to the swivel plate by means of a lever and pull rod. This servomechanism allows mechanical and electrical control of the position of the swiveling that is mounted on the roller bearing, but it is not suitable for controlling the swiveling that is mounted on the plain bearing from reasons of inadequate steering accuracy. Variations for other types of steering in this embodiment are not known.

Uvedené nevýhody odstraňuje servomechanizmus s polohovou spátnou vazbou tvořenou priamou dvojramennou pákou, ku ktorej je v strednej časti pomocou čepového spojenia připojený posúvač umiestnený v prvom valcovom otvore telesa servomechanizmu, pričom jeden koniec dvojramennej páky je cez plést mechanicky spojený s výkyvnou doskou axiálneho· hydrostatického prevodníka podl'a vynálezu, ktorého podstata spočívá v tom, že druhý koniec dvojramennej páky je pomocou čapu spojený s ovládacím piestom, ktorý je uložený v druhom valcovom otvore telesa a spriahnutý s dvojčinnou pružinou.These drawbacks are eliminated by a servo mechanism with positional feedback formed by a straight two-arm lever, to which a slide located in the first cylindrical bore of the servo body is connected in the central part by means of a pin connection, one end of the two-arm lever being The invention is characterized in that the second end of the double-arm lever is connected by means of a pin to a control piston, which is housed in a second cylindrical bore of the body and coupled to a double-acting spring.

Druhý válcový otvor je zo strany dvojčinnej pružiny uzavretý zátkou opatřenou nastavovacím závitom. Posúvač pozostáva z dvoch dielov a je vytvořený tak, že prvý diel obsahuje riadiace hrany a s druhým dielom, ktorý je připojený k dvojramennej páke, je spojený pomocou závitového spoja. Na ovládacom pieste je vytvořená drážka, do ktorej s vólou zapadá prestavovací čap ovládacej páky. K telesu je aspoň ina jednom konci připojená tlaková koncovka, v ktorej je súoso s ovládacím piestom umiestnený korekčný piest.The second cylindrical bore is closed from the double-acting spring side by a plug provided with an adjusting thread. The slider consists of two parts and is formed such that the first part comprises the driving edges and is connected to the second part, which is connected to the two-arm lever, by means of a threaded connection. A groove is formed on the actuating piston into which the adjusting pin of the actuating lever fits with the clearance. A pressure terminal is connected to the body at least at one end in which a correction piston is disposed coaxially with the control piston.

Výhodou prevedenia servomechanizmu podl'a vynálezu je jednoduchá stavebnicová konštrukcia umožňujúca mechanické, hydraulické a elektrohydraulické riadenie polohy výkyvnej došky, ako aj riadenie výstupného tlaku prevodníka. Takýto servomechanizmus umožňuje přesné riadenie polohy výkyvnej došky uloženej na klznom ložisku.The advantage of the servomechanism according to the invention is a simple modular construction enabling mechanical, hydraulic and electrohydraulic control of the position of the pivoted thatch as well as control of the output pressure of the converter. Such a servomechanism enables precise control of the position of the pivotable that is mounted on the plain bearing.

Ďalej pri hydraulickom a elektrohydraulickom riadení umožňuje odvrátenie nepriaznivých následkov plynúcich z porúch doprevádzaných znížením napájacieho tlaku hlaviného obvodu převodu, v ktorom je převodník zapojený.Furthermore, in hydraulic and electrohydraulic control, it allows to avert the adverse consequences of failures accompanied by a reduction in the supply pressure of the transmission main circuit in which the converter is connected.

Na připojených výkresoch je znázorněný příklad prevedenia servomechanizmu s polohovou spatnou vazbou podl'a vynálezu, kde je na obr. 1 pozdížny rez servomechanizmom a schematické pripojenie k hydraulickému obvodu prevodníka, ako aj mechanické spojenie spátnovázohnej páky s ovládacou časfou tohoto prevodníka. Na obr. 2 je pozdížny rez mechanickým ovládačom servomechanizmu a na obr. 3 je pozdížny rez připojenou tlakovou koncovkou servomechanizmu.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal section through the servo mechanism and a schematic connection to the hydraulic circuit of the converter, as well as the mechanical connection of the reverse-lever to the control part of the converter. In FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section through a mechanical actuator of the servo mechanism; and FIG. 3 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a connected servo mechanism pressure end.

Servomechanizmus s polohovou spátnou vazbou pozostáva z telesa 1, v ktorom je vytvořený prvý a druhý válcový otvor 11, 12. V prvom valcovom otvore 11 je uložený posúvač 2 pozostávajúci z prvého diela 21, na ktorom sú vytvořené riadiace hrany 2'1 a ktorý je pomocou závitového spoja 25 spojený s druhým dielom 22 připojeným prostredníctvom čapového spojenia 41 k strednej časti dvojramennej páky 4.The position feedback servomechanism consists of a body 1 in which the first and second cylindrical bores 11, 12 are formed. In the first cylindrical bore 11 there is a slider 2 consisting of a first part 21 on which the control edges 2'1 are formed and which is by means of a threaded connection 25 connected to the second part 22 connected via a pin connection 41 to the middle part of the two-arm lever 4.

Dvojramenná páka 4 je svojím jedným koncom přepojená pomocou čapu 32 s ovládacím piestom 3, ktorý je zviazaný s dvojčinnou pružinou 31 a uložený v druhom valcovom otvore 12 uzavretom zo strany dvojčinnej pružiny 31 zátkou 33, ktorá je opatřená nastavovacím závitom 331. Ovládací piest 3 zasahuje svojím jedným koncom do prvého ovládacieho priestoru 121 a druhým koncom do druhého ovládacieho priestoru 122.The double-arm lever 4 is connected with its one end by means of a pin 32 with a control piston 3, which is tied with a double-acting spring 31 and seated in a second cylindrical bore 12 closed by the stop 33 one end to the first control chamber 121 and the other end to the second control chamber 122.

Druhý koniec dvojramennej páky 4 je cez piest 101 mechanicky spojený s výkyvnou doskou 10 axiálneho hydrostatického prevodníka. Pri převedení servomechanizmu s mechanickým ovládáním je na ovládacom pieste 3 vytvořená drážka 34, do ktorej s vol'ou v zapadá prestavovací čap 51 ovládacej páky 52, ktorá je otočné uložená pomocou hriadela 53 v mechanickej koncovke 5 pevne spojenej s telesom 1.The other end of the two-arm lever 4 is mechanically connected to the pivot plate 10 of the axial hydrostatic transducer via a piston 101. When the servomechanism is converted with a mechanical actuation, a groove 34 is formed on the actuating piston 3, into which the adjusting pin 51 of the actuating lever 52 engages with a freewheel.

Pri převedení servomechanizmu určeného pre riadenie tlaku hydrostatického prevodníka v závislosti na polohe jeho výkyvnej došky 10 je k telesu 1 na jednom alebo obidvoch koncoch připojená tlaková koncovka B, v ktorej je súoso s ovládacím piestom 3 umiestnený korekčný piest 61.When converting the servo mechanism for controlling the pressure of the hydrostatic transducer depending on the position of its pivoted thatch 10, a pressure terminal B is connected to the body 1 at one or both ends, in which a correction piston 61 is disposed coaxially with the control piston 3.

Korekčný piest 61 sa jedným koncom opiera o čelo ovládacieho piesta 3 a druhým koncom zasahuje do tlakovej komory 62 napojenej na tlakový výstup riadeného prevodníka.The correction piston 61 is supported at one end on the face of the control piston 3 and at the other end extends into a pressure chamber 62 connected to the pressure output of the controlled transducer.

Pri montáži servomechanizmu sa poloha ovládacieho piesta 3 a predpatej pružiny 31 do telesa 1 nastaví skrutkovaním zátky 33 tak, aby sa odstránil osový pohyb piesta 3, ak v jeho ose posobí sila menšia ako je predpatie pružiny 31. Hydraulické vynulovanie celého servomechanizmu spolu s výkyvnou doskou 10 sa prevedie po montáži na převodník skrutkovaním prvého dielu 21 posúvača 2 do druhého dielu 22, čím sa mění poloha riadiacich hrán 24 voči čepovému spojeniu 41.When mounting the servo mechanism, the position of the control piston 3 and the bias spring 31 in the body 1 is adjusted by screwing the plug 33 so as to eliminate the axial movement of the piston 3 if its force is less than the bias of the spring 31. 10 is transferred after mounting on the converter by screwing the first part 21 of the slider 2 into the second part 22, thereby changing the position of the control edges 24 relative to the pin connection 41.

Vzájomná poloha prvého dielu 21 a druhého dielu 22 sa samočinné zaisťuje ich vzájominým radiálnym presahom. Ak sa privedie tlaková kvapalina do prvého ovládacieho priestoru 121, posunie sa ovládací piest 3 vl'avo do polohy, pri ktorej nastane silová rovnováha medzi silou dvojčinnej pružiny 31 a silou od tlaku na ovládací piest 3. Zároveň sa přestavuje aj dvojramenná páka 4 spolu s posúvačom 2 tak, že sa spojí prvý kanál 13 s plniacim kanálom 15 a druhý kanál 14 sa přepojí do odpadu. Tým sa piest 101 začne přestavovat’ smerom doprava, pričom súčasne přestavuje výkyv-The relative position of the first part 21 and the second part 22 is automatically secured by their respective radial interference. If pressure fluid is supplied to the first control chamber 121, the control piston 3 moves to the left to a position where a force equilibrium occurs between the force of the double-action spring 31 and the force from the pressure on the control piston 3. At the same time by slider 2 such that the first channel 13 is connected to the feed channel 15 and the second channel 14 is switched to waste. This will cause the piston 101 to move to the right,

Claims

The second end of the two-armed lever 4 is a piston 101 mechanically coupled to the oscillating plate 10 of the axial hydrostatic transducer. When converting the servomechanism with mechanical control, a groove 34 is formed on the control piston 3, with the engaging pin 51 of the control lever 52 being rotatably supported by the shaft 53 in the mechanical end piece 5 fixedly connected to the body 1. a servomechanism designed to control the pressure of the hydrostatic transducer in dependence on the position of its swinging dock 10 is connected to the body 1 at one or both ends by a pressure cone B in which a correction piston 61 is located coincident with the control song 3 The correction piston 61 engages with one end of the engagement face of the control piston 3 and the other end extends into the pressure chamber 62 connected to the pressure outlet of the controlled propeller. When assembling the servo, the position of the control piston 3 and the pre-tension spring 31 into the body 1 is adjusted by screwing the stopper 33 to remove the axial movement of the piston 3 if less than the spring of the spring 31 is disposed in its axis. the transducer is screwed into the second part 22 by screwing the first part 21 of the slide 2 into the second part 22, thereby positioning the control edges 24 relative to the pin connection 41. The relative position of the first part 21 and the second part 22 is automatically ensured by their respective radial overhang. If the pressurized fluid is introduced into the first control chamber 121, the actuator 3 is moved to the left where the equilibrium between the force of the double-acting spring 31 and the force of the pressure control 3 is equilibrated. by the slider 2 so that the first channel 13 is connected to the feed channel 15a and the second channel 14 is transferred to the waste. Thus, the piston 101 starts to move in the direction of travel, at the same time adjusting the rocker 10 and the double-arm lever 4, which also moves the slider 2, until pressure is applied to the control edges 24 in the first and second channels 13, 14 to keep the pivot 10 in an even position. Throughout this operation, the second control space 122 is connected to the waste. In the case where the pressurized fluid is supplied to the second control chamber 122, the first control chamber 121 is connected to the waste and the entire operation described is repeated analogously. Such a control process is characteristic of converting servo-mechanics to hydraulic or electro-hydraulic control. Upon transfer of the servo-mechanism to the pressure terminals 6, the balance of the actuating piston 3 is further exerted by the force from the boring piston 61 exerted by the output pressure of the controlled piston supplied to the pressure chamber 62. In the case of a transmission failure accompanied by a drop in the output pressure of the auxiliary hydraulic generator 7, the control pressure applied to the actuating piston 3 decreases, thereby either slowing down the transmission operation or, at all times, the actuating piston 3 and simultaneously the pivoting plate 10 being shifted into neutral position. This stops the movement of the machine and further spreads the fault, or threatens to work. The incentive for converting this process is to correctly adjust the pass-through port 8 relative to the spring characteristic 31 and the pressure required to actuate the piston 101. This feature makes it possible to use a gearbox with a sliding bearing of low-noise and low-noise design, as well as a simple design for driving mobile machinery. When converting a mechanically actuated servo, the actuator piston 3 is shifted to a shaft rotation 53, which rotates the actuator lever 52, while the servo-mechanism is shown to be dead. The double-acting spring 31 has the transfer of the actuating function of the actuating piston 3 to a neutral position after the mechanical signal is canceled. OBJECT

A servomechanism with a positional backbone formed by a straight two-arm lever to which a slider located in a first cylindrical opening of a servo mechanism is connected in the middle by means of a pivot connection, wherein one pivot of the two-arm lever is over the piston of the mecha coupled to a pivot plate of an axial hydrostatic transducer characterized in that the second end of the two-armed lever (4) is coupled to an actuating pin (32) which is received in a second cylindrical opening (12) of the body (1) and coupled with a double-acting spring (31)

2. A servo mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the second cylindrical bore (12) is closed from the side of the double-acting spring (31) by a stopper (33) provided with an adjustment thread (331).

3. A servo mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the slider (2) terminates the two children and is formed such that the first piece (21) comprises control edges (24) and a second piece (22) which is connected to the double arm (4). ) is coupled to a threaded socket (23).

4. A servomechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that a groove (34) is formed on the piston actuator (3), the lever (52) of which engages the adjusting pin (51) of the actuator.

5. A servomechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that a pressure end (6) is attached to the body (1) at least one end of the pressure end (6), in which the correction weave (61) is positioned coincident with the control portion (3). 2 Drawbars