CS246715B1 - Heatb water boiler burning solid fuels - Google Patents

Description

24671S

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a hot-water boiler for fuel boilers. It consists of a boiler body, which is equipped with cleaning and filling doors, a fuel chamber and an ash-paned door in the lower part. The boiler construction by its construction significantly improves the combustion conditions of solid fuels.

The hitherto known boilers work on a system of heating and the convection surface with a burn-out space is separated by a baffle partition. For these boilers, the primary air is under the grate, and the secondary air is either at the bottom of the cast iron plate or at the pipe in front of the burn-out space. When burning, especially at reduced output, access of the primary air to the grate is limited. In this case, the fuel is oxidized in a limited low layer on the grate, and fresh, non-oxygenated and unburned fuel is continuously moved to the grate along the burn-out counter. There is a need for frequent piercing. The disadvantage of these boilers is their low lifetime, which condensates at the bottom of the heat transfer surfaces, dripping into the return chamber, and evaporates again and mixes with sulfur dioxide SO3 and causes strong corrosion at the bottom. boiler body. The aforementioned drawbacks are eliminated by the hot-water boiler for burning solid fuels according to the invention, consisting of a boiler body, which is provided with cleaning and slip doors, a space for fuel and in the bottom part with an ash chamber closed by ash doors.

The essence of the invention is that the upper part of the boiler body is provided with a horizontal arrangement of heat exchange channels. This system consists of at least one temperature channel, which is led out of the test chamber located on the rear part of the boiler body and opens into the front return chamber, which is closed by the cleaning door. Furthermore, the horizontal system of heat exchange ducts is formed by a heat exchanger drainage duct extending into the flue outlet. Under the water-level system of heat-exchanging channels, a flue-gas channel is located in the rear part of the boiler body, the lower front part of which passes through the heating space. This burn-out chamber is provided with catalytic fireclay fittings located in its lower part, thus forming a heating-up chamber. A grid of grates is arranged beneath the burn-in chamber.

The channels of the heat exchanger system may have a circular, square cross section, the number of diversion channels being controlled by the power of the boiler. At the required lower output, only one heat exchanger can be tapped, two or more heat exchanger ducts need to be fitted to the higher required output, so that they will then be on both sides of the heat exchanger duct.

The grate assembly is formed by a vertical grate, which in its upper part is provided with a recess for the primary and secondary air supply. With its underside, this vertical upright is located above the front of the water-grate, over which the rear slanted grate is placed. An air inlet flap is provided under the rear skew.

The upper part of the boiler body can also be formed by one common heat exchanger channel which is divided by lamellar baffles into individual heat exchange channels. The lamella partitions dividing the common channel are shortened at the front of the common heat exchange channel, so that a return chamber is formed in this section. In the front part of the boiler body there are two debris on the frame of the ash door. The first choke opens into the air channel, which is located below the vertical grid. The air channel extends into a recess formed between the upper portion of the vertical grate and the front wall of the boiler body. The second souffle opens into the ash pan, below the horizontal and oblique grid.

Arrangement of the grate system allows, the chutes from the hopper are evenly sucked into the furnace and the hopper does not condense. The rear inclined grate serves for the supply of primary and secondary air and ensures the fuel firing just behind the filling border.

The burn-out channel is equipped with a burn-out chamber, which consists of fireclay catalytic fittings, which are placed sequentially against each other. In this space, the flue gas is heavily rubbed and there is a perfect mixing of the secondary air with the flue gas and perfect combustion is ensured at high temperature.

Another great advantage is the arrangement of the heat exchange system, since the flue gas flows through the test chambers through at least one heat exchange channel, rotates in the front return chamber and flows into the chimney through the heat transfer duct.

The main advantage of both heat-exchange boilers for solid fuel combustion is the coupling of the primary and secondary air and their introduction into the booster by the choking on the ash door. Therefore, it is not necessary to regulate the secondary air. Perfect combustion is not affected by inappropriate customer service. This also results in a minimum operating cost. The advantage of a common heat exchange channel system is that instead of several separate channels, these channels are separated by a water space, forming a heat exchange surface one channel divided by sheet or fireclay bulkheads. These 6,267,115 baffles are U-shaped, leading on one side to increase the heating surface and, on the other hand, simplify the construction.

The lower half of the boiler body, in particular the arrangement of the two chokes, has the advantage of allowing optimum adjustment of the primary and secondary air ratio and the complete combustion of all kinds of solid fuels.

The embodiment of the hot-water boiler for burning solid fuels according to the invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which FIG. 1 shows a section through the boiler body in a visual view, FIG. 2 shows a cross-section through the heat exchange system of FIG. Fig. 3 shows a second embodiment, in particular A-A section of Fig. 4, and a solid boiler body with a common temperature channel variant, Fig. 4 is a front view of the boiler body with a double-tube variant whereby the upper part is in section, the section B-B, figure 5 represents this section B-B, it is a top view of this implementation of the heat exchange surfaces.

The hot-water boiler for combustion of solid fuels according to the invention is formed according to FIG. 1 by a body 1, which in its upper part is fitted with a horizontal set of heat-exchange channels 9, 13. This horizontal heat-exchange system is formed by at least one heat-exchange channel 13 which is led out of the test chamber 16 located in the rear part of the boiler body 1. A cleaning flap 14 is mounted in the lower chamber of the smoke chamber 16. The heat exchange channel 13 opens into the front return chamber 17, which is closed by the cleaning door 2. The heat exchange channel 13 may be a day, two or more, depending on what the desired boiler output is. At higher output, the heat exchange ducts 13 are located at the edges and in the middle, between which a heat exchanger drainage duct 9 is placed, which passes into the flue outlet. At lower power, the heat exchanger channel 13 is located next to the heat exchanger duct 9, and in both embodiments, the duct cross section is circular, square or other. A set of heat exchange ducts 9, 13 is best seen in FIG. 2. A flue gas duct 20 is provided beneath the stack channels 9, 13 in the rear portion of the boiler body 1, which passes into the burn-out space 18 in the front bottom portion thereof. In its lower part it is provided with catalyst fireclay fittings 10, 12. The front fireclay molding 10 is mounted on a wall separating the firing space 18 from the fuel space. The rear-fireclay fireclay fitting 12 is located on the rear wall of the boiler body 1. The two catalyst fireclay fittings 10, 12 are disposed opposite one another to form the post-combustion chamber 19.

On the front wall of the boiler body 1 there is a chute 3 under which the fuel compartment is located. Under the fuel chamber and the burn-out space 18, a grid of grates 4, 8, 15, which is formed by a vertical grate 4 which has a large pitch for perfect combustion of the fuel, is provided beneath the fuel housing 1 and the upper upper portion is provided with a recess 41 such that between the wall of the boiler body 1 is the gap through which the primary and secondary air flows into the furnace. With its lower part, the vertical grate 4 is placed above the front side grid 8, over which the rear vertical grate 15 is located. There is a gap between the lower part of the vertical grate 4 and the front side grid 8 for supplying primary and secondary air. The primary and secondary air is also fed under the horizontal grate 8. This horizontal grate 8 is provided with a damping lever 7 in its front part from the ash-pan side.

Under the rear inclined grate 15 there is provided an air inlet flap 11 serving to regulate the amount of air supplied to the backward inclined grate 15.

On the front side of the boiler body 1, there are ashtray doors 6, which close the ash space. According to the first embodiment, a choke 5 is provided on the foam door 6 for supplying primary and secondary air. Primary and secondary air is coupled.

The variant of the hot-water boiler for burning solid fuels according to FIG. 3 differs from FIG. 1, in particular in the embodiment of the heat-exchange surfaces and the supply of primary and secondary air. In the upper part, the boiler body 1 is provided with a common heat exchange channel 23, which is longitudinally divided by lamellar baffles 24 into individual heat exchange channels 9, 13, see FIG. 5. The common heat exchange channel 23 is discharged from the combustion space 18 at the rear of the body. 1 boiler. The shortening of the baffles 24 at the front of the common heat exchange channel 23 generates a return chamber 17 which is closed at the front by a cleaning door 2. In this embodiment, the exhaust pipe 20 is dispensed with so that a burn-out chamber 18 is located directly below the heat exchange system. The catalyst chamber 19 is, as in the embodiment of FIG. 1, formed by a front catalyst fireclay catalyst 12, under which an inclined grate 15 is provided.

As can be seen from FIG. 4, the front side of the boiler body 1 is provided with chokes 22, 5 located in the frame of the ash-pan doors 6. The first choke 22 opens into the air duct 21, which is located below the vertical web 4. Air The channel 21 is a recess 41 formed between the upper portion of the vertical grate 4 and the front wall of the housing 1. The second choke 5 results in

Claims (5)

The function of the hot water boiler for combustion of solid fuels according to the invention is as follows: After the fuel has been poured into the boiler - into the backfill space and after its ignition, the primary grid system 4, 8, 15 flows through the grid. and secondary air to the hot layer and promote combustion. Before entering the flue gas into the combustion chamber 18, the flue gas passes through a catalyst chamber 19 where it rotates and mixes with the secondary air supplied under the rear inclined grate 15, whereby the combustion chamber 18 is completely burned. From the combustion chamber 18, the flue gas enters the flue gas passage 20 from where it passes into the smoke chamber 18. From the smoke chamber 16, the flue gas is passed through the heat exchanger passage 13 into the front chamber 17, where it rotates and enters the heat transfer duct 9 , entering into the flue and from there into the chimney. 3, 4, 5, the air passage through the first choke 22 is located on the burner door 6, the air flows into the air duct 21 and from there, through the recess 41 in the upper portion of the vertical grate 4, the air is fed into the hopper. The feed air then flows according to the afterburner, entrains the accumulated gas from the hopper, and also acts as a secondary air duct through the flame barrier. The second choke 5 feeds the cheaper grate 8 and the inclined grate 15 by air. The primary choke 22 and the choke 5 choke the primary choke and the secondary choke 5 to improve fuel efficiency. They pass through the catalyst chamber 19 where they are mixed with the flue gas and rotated. From the catalyst bed 19, the flue gas enters the burn-out chamber 18, from where it is fed to a common heat exchange duct 23, flowing along the lamellar baffles 24 into the front portion, where it is rotated in the return chamber 17 and led out into the flue outlet via the heat transfer duct 9. from here to the chimney. The hot water boiler for burning solid fuels according to the invention can be used for heating family houses and other spaces. OBJECT CLAIMS 1. A hot water boiler for burning solid fuels, consisting of a boiler body, which is provided with cleaning and filling doors, a fuel space and an ash space enclosed by an ash door in the lower part, characterized in that the upper part of the body (1 ) of the boiler is covered by a horizontal system of heat exchange channels (9, 13), which is at least one heat exchange channel (13) extending from the smoke chamber (16) located in the rear part of the boiler body (1) and leading to the front return the chamber (17) closed by the cleaning door (2) and on the other hand by the heat transfer duct (9) passing to the throat, wherein a flue gas duct (20) is located in the rear part of the boiler housing (1) under the system of heat exchange ducts (9, 13) in its front lower part extending into the burn-out space (18), which is provided with a fireclay-cat-lysing mold (10, 12) arranged opposite to each other and forming a burn-out chamber (19), a set of grates (4, 8, 15) is arranged below the burn-out space (18). 2. A hot water boiler for burning solid fuels according to claim 1, characterized in that the grate assembly (4, 8, 15) is formed by a vertical bead (4), which in its upper part is recessed by a recess (41) for supplying primary and secondary air. and its lower part is located above the front side of the horizontal grate (8), above which the rear inclined grate (15) is placed, below which an air inlet flap (11) is provided. 3. A hot water boiler for burning solid fuels according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper part of the boiler body (1) is formed by a common heat exchange channel (23) divided by lamellar baffles (24) of different heat transfer channels (9, 13). wherein, in the front part of the common heat exchange channel (23), the lamellar baffles (24) are shortened to form a return chamber (17). 4. A hot water boiler for burning solid fuels according to claim 1, characterized in that chokes (5, 22) are located in the front part of the boiler body (1), above the ash door (6), where the first choke (22) opens into the air. a channel (21) located below the vertical grate (4), which is led into the recesses (41), the second choke (5) is the outlet of the ash-pan space under the grates (8, 15). 5 sheets of drawings