CS245346B1

CS245346B1 - Hydromechanical indicator of filling and emptying of closed containers

Info

Publication number: CS245346B1
Application number: CS852307A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Rudolf Vavro
Original assignee: Rudolf Vavro
Priority date: 1985-03-29
Filing date: 1985-03-29
Publication date: 1986-09-18
Also published as: CS230785A1

Abstract

Hydromechanický indikátor naplněnosti a vyprázdnenosti uzavretých nádob, najma nádob podrobovaných tlakovým skúškam vo výrobnom procese, pozostávajúci z rúrkového telesa, opatřeného na jeho hornom konci vstupným otvorom a na dolnom konci aspoň jedným výstupným otvorom, kde vstupný otvor je usporiadaný pod hornou zátkou a aspoň jeden výstupný otvor je nad dolnou zátkou, ktorá má na svojom dne další otvor, ako aj dosadaciu plochu pre náporový válec, v ktorého osi je uložené ťahadlo. Riešeným problémom je zdokonalenie jestvujúceho zariadenia tohoto druhu po stránke funkčnej spolehlivosti i v mimoriadnych, občas vyskytujúcich sa pracovných podmienkach, keď sa na skúšobnej linke nahromadí nadměrný počet skúšaných tlakových nádob. Riešenie spočívá v tom, že náporový válec (9) je z dolnej strany opatřený axiálně usporiadaným dutým piestom (10) pevne zaústěným do perforovaného dna (21) hrncovitej nádoby (20) a v mieste tohoto* zaústenia je zachytená aj dolná kotva (22) ťahadla (11).A hydromechanical indicator of the filling and emptying of closed containers, including containers subjected to pressure tests in the production process, consisting of a tubular body, equipped at its upper end with an inlet opening and at the lower end with at least one outlet opening, where the inlet opening is arranged below the upper plug and at least one outlet opening is above the lower plug, which has another hole on its bottom, as well as a landing surface for the thrust cylinder, in the axis of which the drawbar is placed. The solved problem is the improvement of the existing equipment of this kind in terms of functional reliability even in extraordinary, occasionally occurring working conditions, when an excessive number of tested pressure vessels accumulates on the test line. The solution consists in the fact that the impact cylinder (9) is equipped from the bottom side with an axially arranged hollow piston (10) that is tightly fitted into the perforated bottom (21) of the pot-shaped container (20) and the lower anchor (22) of the pull rod (11) is caught in the place of this* opening.

Description

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Vynález sa týká hydromechanického indi-kátora naplněnosti a vyprázdnenosti uza-vretých nádob, najmá nádob podrobovanýchtlakovým skúškam vo výrobnom procese,pozostávajúceho z rúrkového telesa, opatře-ného na jeho hornom konci vstupným otvo-rom a na dolnom konci aspoň jedným vý-stupným otvorom, kde vstupný otvor je u-sporiadaný pod hornou zátkou a aspoň je-den výstupný otvor je nad dolnou zátkou,ktorá má na svojom dne otvor, ako aj do-sadaciu plochu pre náporový válec, v kto-rého osi je uložené ťahadlo, kterého hornýkoniec je vyvedený hornou zátkou, osou val-covej tlačnej pružiny, ako· aj vodiacim ča-pom do hornej kotvy, opretej o horný ko-niec vodiaceho čapu suvne uloženého v kry-te pružiny a opatřeného na boku narážkoupre ovládacie rameno spínača, kde náporo-vý válec je vo svojej hornej časti tvořenýzúženým válcovým driekom, plynulou křiv-kou spojeným s jeho střednou válcovou čas-tou. U známého hydrodynamického indikátoraje náporový válec v dutině rúrkového tele-sa indikátora axiálně pohyblivý a pracujeteda ako piest. V jeho dolnej čelnej časti jeopatřený styčnou čelnou plochou pre dora-zovú plochu dolnej zátky, ktorá ohraničujejeho pohyb smerom dolu. V tejto časti ná-porového valca je zároveň ukotvený aj dol-ný koniec ťahadla. Dolná zátka má svojevýstupné otvory usporiadané v jej dolnej o-krajovej časti. Okrem toho je náporový vá-lec opatřený vertikálnymi vybraniami, akoaj odvodňovacími otvormi. Náporový válecje v rúrkovom telese uložený pohyblivo tak,že v spodnej polohe úplné odokrýva výstup-né otvory a v hornej polohe ich takmer pře-krývá. Určitou nevýhodou zariadenia podl'aznámého stavu techniky je, že spolahlivopracuje len pri menšom počte súčasne skú-šaných tlakových nádob napojených na spo-ločné plniace čerpadlo, keď prietok vodyzabezpečuje dostatečný hydrodynamickýtlak na náporový válec. V opačnoro případe,t. j. v případe, keď sa na skúšobnej linkez akýchkolvek příčin nahromadí váčšiemnožstvo skúšaných nádob, sa prietok vodyindikátorom nepřípustné zníži, čo může viesťaž k funkčnej nespolehlivosti indikátora.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a hydromechanical indicator of the filling and emptying of closed containers, in particular to containers subjected to pressure tests in a manufacturing process consisting of a tubular body provided with an inlet opening at its upper end and at least one outlet opening at a lower end, wherein the inlet aperture is disposed beneath the upper plug and at least one outlet aperture is above the lower plug having an opening at its bottom, as well as a settling surface for the ram cylinder, in which axis the pull rod of which the upper end is located is guided by the upper plug, the axis of the cylindrical compression spring, as well as by the guiding time in the upper anchor, supported by the upper pin of the guide pin slidably mounted in the spring housing and provided on the side with a control lever of the switch, where the cylinder is in its upper part formed by a tapered cylindrical shank, a continuous curve connected to its central cylindrical time. In the known hydrodynamic indicator, the ram cylinder in the cavity of the tube body of the indicator is axially movable and operates as a piston. In its lower end part it is provided with a contact face for the upper surface of the lower plug, which defines a downward movement. At the same time, the lower end of the rod is also anchored in this portion of the charge cylinder. The lower plug has its outlet holes arranged in its lower o-section. In addition, the ram is provided with vertical recesses as well as drain holes. The ram cylinder is movably mounted in the tubular body such that in the lower position it completely covers the outlet openings and almost covers them in the upper position. A certain disadvantage of the prior art device is that it only works with a smaller number of simultaneously tested pressure vessels connected to a common filling pump when the water flow ensures sufficient hydrodynamic pressure on the ram cylinder. On the other hand, t. j. in the case where a number of test vessels accumulate for any cause on the test line, the flow of water through the indicator is inadmissible, which may lead to a functional unreliability of the indicator.

Uvedené nevýhody odstraňuje hydrome-chanický indikátor podlá vynálezu, které-ho podstata spočívá v tom, že náporový vá-lec je z dolnej strany opatřený axiálně u-sporiadaným dutým piestom pevne zaústě-ným do· perforovaného dna hrncovitej nádo-by a v mieste tohoto zaústenia je zachyte-ná aj dolná kotva ťahadla. Výhodou hydromechanického indikátorapodlá vynálezu je, že je funkčně spolahli-vý aj pri menších prietokových množstváchvody. Přitom výrobná náročnost takéhotozariadenia nepřevyšuje výrobnú náročnostznámého zariadenia tohto druhu. Aj nasta-venie správného pracovného režimu je pod-statné jednoduchsie. Zároveň zastává zacho- vaná vysoká unifikovanosť dielcov oprotidoterajšie-mu stavu. Okrem toho je výhodné,keď dolná kotva ťahadla má klobúčikovýtvar a je opatřená bočným výrezom. V tom-to případe sa vytvoří konstrukčně jednodu-chý a jednoducho rozoberatelný spoj ťaha-dla s hrncovitou nádobou, pričom je záro-veň umožněné odvodnenie vnútorného prie-stor-u piesta, resp. aj celého náporového val-ca. Příklad vyhoťovenia hydromechanickéhoindikátora podlá vynálezu je znázorněný navýkresoch, na ktorých obr. 1 představujecelkový nárysný pohlad na zariadenie, obr.2 detallný rez v mieste A z obr. 1, obr. 3 de-tailný rez v mieste B z obr. 1, keď piest jevo funkčnej polohe.The above-mentioned disadvantages are eliminated by the hydromechanical indicator according to the invention, characterized in that the thrust cylinder is provided with an axially disposed hollow piston firmly inserted into the perforated bottom of the pot-shaped vessel at the bottom, and the anchorage is also caught by the lower pull rod. The advantage of the hydromechanical indicator according to the invention is that it is functionally reliable even with smaller flow rates. At the same time, the production intensity of such a device does not exceed the production demands of a known device of this kind. Setting the correct working mode is also much easier. At the same time, it maintains the high unification of parts of the anti-obstruction. Furthermore, it is advantageous if the lower armature of the drawbar has a cap shape and is provided with a side cut-out. In this case, a structurally simple and easy-to-dismantle puller joint is formed with the pot-shaped container, while drainage of the interior of the piston or the piston is also possible. as well as the entire surge val-ca. An example of the ejection of a hydromechanical indicator according to the invention is shown in the drawings, in which: Figure 1 is a fragmentary elevational view of the device; Figure 2 is a sectional view in place A of Figure 1; is in a functional position.

Hydromechanický indikátor pozostáva zozvislého rúrkového telesa 1, opatřeného najeho hornom konci jedným horizontálnymvstupným otvorom 2 a na dolnom konci štyr-mi horizontálnymi výstupnými otvormi 3,cloněnými proti rozstreku chráničom 4 ku-želovitého tvaru. Vstupný otvor 2 je uspo-riadaný nad hornou zátkou 5 a výstupnéotvory 3 kruhového prierezu sú pod dolnouzátkou 6, ktorá má na svojom dne axiálnyotvor 7 a medzikruhovú dosadaciu plochu 8. Táto istí pevnú polohu náporového valca 9. Do jeho dutiny je zdola vložený axiálněposuvný dutý piest 10 a v ňom je ukotvenýdolný koniec ťahadla 11. Horný koniec ťa-hadla 11 je vyvedený hornou zátkou S, osouvalcovej tlačnej pružiny 12, ako aj vodia-cim čapom 13 do hornej kotvy 14, v ktorejje zachytený. Horná kotva 14 je opretá ohorný koniec vodiaceho čapu 13, suvne u-loženého v krytke 13 pružiny 12 a opatře-ného na boku narážkou 16 pre ovládacie ra-meno 17 spínača 18. Náporový válec 9 mápodobu rotačného telesa a je vo svojej hor-nej časti 19 tvořený zúženým válcovým drie-kom, prechádzajúcim plynulou křivkou donajširšej strednej valcovej časti. Dutý piest10 je zaústěný do perforovaného dna 21hrncovitej nádoby 20 a je pevnou súčasťoutohto dna 21. V mieste tohto zaústenia jezachytená aj dolná kotva 22 ťahadla 11. Dovodiaceho otvoru 23 v hornej časti 19 nápo-rového valca 9 je suvne vložený dolný ko-niec vodiacej rúrky 24 ťahadla 11. Jej hor-ný koniec je upevněný v hornej zátke 5, ato tak, že je naň natiahnutý „o“ krúžok 23,ktorý je závitovým nadstavcom 26 pritláča-ný k vonkajšej ploché vodiacej rúrky 24.Takto je vodiaca rúrka 24 v hornej zátke 3zároveň upevněná aj utěsněná. Válcová tlač-ná pružina 12 je svojim dolným koncom o-pretá o maticové lůžko 27, ktoré je naskrut-kované na závitový nadstavec 26 hornej zát-ky 3, zatiať čo· horný koniec valcovej tlač-nej pružiny 12 je opretý o pohyblivé lůžko28, pevne naskrutkované na dolný koniecvodiaceho čapu 13. Na krytke 13 pružiny 12je upevněný držiak 29 spínača 18. Krytka13 je zároveň opatřená manipulačnými ot-The hydromechanical indicator consists of a vertical tubular body 1 provided with its upper end with one horizontal inlet opening 2 and at the lower end with four horizontal outlet openings 3 shielded against spatter by a protector 4 of conical shape. The inlet opening 2 is arranged above the upper plug 5 and the circular cross-sectional exit openings 3 are below the lower plug 6 which has an axial opening 7 and an annular bearing surface 8 at its bottom. This fixed position of the thrust cylinder 9. the piston 10 and the anchor end of the pull rod 11 anchored therein. The upper end of the piston 11 is guided by the upper plug S, the oscillating compression spring 12, and the guide pin 13 into the upper anchor 14 in which it is engaged. The upper armature 14 is supported by the upper end of the guide pin 13 slidably mounted in the cover 13 of the spring 12 and provided on the side with a stop 16 for the actuator arm 17 of the switch 18. The ram cylinder 9 is similar to a rotating body and is in its upper position. the portion 19 formed by the tapered cylindrical shaft extending through the continuous curve of the more centrally shaped cylindrical portion. The hollow piston 10 extends into the perforated bottom of the tubular container 20 and is a rigid portion of the bottom 21. At the point of this mouth, the lower anchor 22 of the puller 11 is attached. The inlet opening 23 in the upper portion 19 of the fuel cylinder 9 is a slidingly inserted lower tube guide 24 of the puller 11. Its upper end is fixed in the upper plug 5, so that the "o" ring 23 is pulled thereon, which is pressed against the outer flat guide tube 24 by the threaded stem 26. the upper plug 3 also fixed and sealed. The cylindrical compression spring 12 protrudes with its lower end on a nut bed 27 which is screwed onto the threaded extension 26 of the upper plug 3, while the upper end of the cylindrical compression spring 12 is supported on the movable bed 28, a holder 29 of a switch 18 is fixed to the spring cover 13. The cover 13 is also provided with a handle

Claims

8 of the springs 30 serving to adjust the adjusting bearing 27 of the spring 12. The cover 13 is fixed to the threaded extension 26 by means of three locking bolts 31. The lower arm 22 of the puller 11 has a cap shape and a recess 32 with a recess 32. When filling the test vessel by the water in the container, when the container is filled, the overflow water flows through the inlet opening 2 into the indicator body 1 and passes through the outlet openings 3 into the pot-shaped container; While its perforated bottom 21 is part of the water-permeable, but since the inlets are more intense, the water level is at its maximum until the weight of the water passes over the force of the compression spring 12. In this time, a gradual extension towards the entire movable surface begins. a system formed with a pot-shaped container 20, a piston 10, a puller 11, a guide pin 13, and a stop 16. The stopper 14 closes the switch 18, which signals the container to be tested is filled. Any excess water from the cup-shaped container 20 flows through the upper edge thereof. As soon as switch 18 sends a test tank full, another water supply is stopped. The water, which is still in the pot-shaped container 20, flows through the perforated bottom, and the container 20, along with the entire mountain, is moved back to the starting position. In the second cycle, when the test vessel is emptied by the pressurized air, the piston 10, together with the entire movable system, returns to the lower position under the weight of the water, in which it remains until the water flows out. As soon as the pressure vessel to be tested is emptied and the water flows out of the tubular body 1, air flows through the outlet openings 3. Then the water content of the pot-like vessel 20 flows out, the vessel 20, together with the entire movable structure, returns to the starting position when the switch 18 gives water drainage signal. As the ram 9 has a fixed position relative to the tubular body 1, the outlet openings 3 are also permanently open. The air flowing through them, in a radial direction, does not affect the axial movement of the cup-shaped container 20. The correct dimensioning of the holes in the perforated bottom 21 of the cup vessel 20 is a prerequisite for proper operation of the device. to be such that the amount of water overflowed per time unit is always less than the amount of water supplied. In practical terms, even with relatively large numbers of vessels to be tested at one time, the supply of water is sufficient to maintain the above requirement, which is not achieved with the prior art. This advantage is manifested by the tightening of the tested pressure vessels, such as when emptying them. While, with the known hydrodynamic indicator, the dynamic effects of both the flowing water and the air are to be taken into account when dimensioning the prestressing spring 12a, the spring 12 is only sized according to the tensile forces given by the weight of all parts of the movable system . P R E D.M E T

A hydromechanical indicator of the filling and emptying of closed containers, notably those subjected to pressure testing by a manufacturing process, consisting of a tubular body provided with an inlet opening at its upper end and at least one outlet opening at the lower end, the inlet opening being arranged underneath the burner and at least one outlet opening is a bottom stopper having a further opening at its bottom, as well as a bearing surface for the barrel in which the puller is mounted, the upper end of which is led by the upper stopper, the axis of the cylindrical compression spring, as well as the guide pin to the upper anchor, by the upper end of the guide pin of the plunger not seated in the spring cover and provided with a stop for the control arm of the switch, where the ram cylinder is in its part formed by a tapered cylindrical shaft, a continuous curve connected to a cylindrical cylindrical portion, characterized in that the cylinder (9) is provided on the lower side with an axially disposed hollow spigot (10) which is rigidly connected to the perforated bottom (21) of the cup-shaped container (20) and the anchor (22) of the drawbar (11) is retained in place.

2. Hydromechanical indicator according to claim 1, characterized in that the lower anchor (22) of the drawbar (11) is of cap-shaped shape and is provided with a side cutout (32).

3 sheets of drawings