CS241613B1 - Sorption agent for trapping organic matter - Google Patents

Abstract

The sorbent is intended for the capture of organic substances, in particular organic substances of petroleum origin, from water. The sorbent consists of two components, one of which is a non-woven fabric made of synthetic fibers, preferably polyester, and the second component is a powder mass with high surface activity with respect to organic substances. The powder mass contains, from the total weight of the sorbent, 4 to 60% of powdered expanded perlite with a hydrophobic surface and 4 to 60% of powdered activated carbon. The particles of the powder mass have a size predominantly less than 40 μm. The powder mass is fixed on the surface of the non-woven fabric fiber by synthetic binders.

Description

The invention relates to a sorption agent for trapping organic substances, in particular organic substances of petroleum origin from water.

It is known to capture petroleum substances from water by means of sorbents. Oil from water is trapped on the surface of the sorbents due to the high affinity of these sorbents for organic materials of petroleum origin. In view of the sorption process, powder sorption compositions are most suitable for this purpose, since in this form they have the largest surface area at the same weight. However, the pulverulent mass is disadvantageous in terms of handling the sorbent material, both when filling the sorbent equipment and when emptying it after the sorbent capacity of the pulverulent material has been exhausted. The powder form is also disadvantageous in terms of undesirable penetration into purified water.

It is an object of the invention to overcome these disadvantages and to provide a simple, reliable and easily replaceable sorbent.

The essence of the sorption agent for trapping organic. The composition according to the invention is characterized in that the first component constitutes 10 to 30% of the total weight and consists of a non-woven fabric of synthetic fibers having a fineness of 1 to 12 dtex and a length of 35 to 120 mm and the second component is a surfactant powder. up to 60% powdered expanded perlite with hydrophobised surface and 4 to 60% powdered activated carbon of the total weight, the nonwoven fibers being fixed together with the surfactant powder by 20 to 40% polyacrylate binder and up to 10% acrylate polyelectrolyte or acrylate dies of total weight.

241 613

From the viewpoint of the efficiency of the sorbent, it is significant that at least 80% of the expanded perlite particles having a hydrophobized surface and at least 87% of the powdered activated carbon have a size not more than 40 µm.

The advantage of the invention is, above all, the ease of handling the sorbent and the very good use of powders with a high surface activity. In addition, the sorbent used is easy to dispose of.

Further advantages of the invention are evident from the examples given below.

The sorbent of the invention consists of a first nonwoven component consisting of synthetic fibers having a fineness of 1 to 12 dtex and a length of 38 to 120 mm. The nonwoven fabric comprises 10 to 30% of the total weight of the sorbent. The synthetic fiber material is, for example, polyester, polyamide, polypropylene, polyacrylonitrile. A second component consisting of a powdered expanded perlite having a hydrophobized surface and a powdered activated carbon is bound to the synthetic fibers. The proportion of expanded perlite powder having a hydrophobized surface is 4 to 60% of the total weight of the sorbent, the same proportion of 4 to 60% being powdered charcoal. The surfactant powder mass is bonded to the surface of the synthetic fibers by using 20 to 40% polyacrylate binder and 2 to 10% acrylic polyelectrolyte or acrylic dye. The total weight of the sorbent is in the range of 100 to 300 gm. The proportion of expanded perlite powder with a hydrophobized surface expressed in weight units is 4 to 180 gm. The proportion of powdered activated carbon is also 4 to 180 gm.

All percentages in the description are by weight of the total weight of the sorbent.

The sum of the percentages of all said components in the sorbent composition is 100%, i.e. it does not contain any other unlisted components. Thus, in the case of the sorbent-2 of Example 1, the reinforced nonwoven is 60 gm, i.e. 24 Π

241 613 expanded perlite powder with hydrophobised surface g * m ² , ie 5 »2%, powdered activated carbon 112 gm ² , ie.

44.8% and polyacrylate binder 56 gm ² , ie 22.4%, then the proportion of acrylate polyelectrolyte must be 3.6%, ie 9 gm, o

the total basis weight of the sorbent is 250 g.m.

Example 1

A fiber fleece of polyester staple with a fiber fineness of 1.7 dtex and 4 → 4 dtex in a ratio of 50/50 with a fiber length of 38 to 120 mm and a basis weight of 36 gm is reinforced by spraying it with an aqueous dispersion of polyacrylate binder. The resulting weight of the reinforced fiber formation is 60 gm ** ² . Ha this o

the unit is applied together with 56 g of polyacrylate binder,

2- 29 gm acrylic polyelectrolyte, 13 gm expanded perlite powder with a hydrolyzed surface in which at least 80% of the particles have a particle size of up to 40 µm and 112 gm of finely ground pulverized coal in which at least 87% of the particles have a particle size of . P _by drying and condensing the resulting 2-mass sorponí it means 250 gm ·

Example 2

The reinforced fiber structure consisting of polyester staple fiber and a polycralate binder having a basis weight of 60 gm ² is designed as described in Example 1. This unit is applied together with 56 gm polyacrylate binder, 9 gm acrylic polyelectrolyte, 112 gm expanded perlite powder. and a hydrophobized surface in which at least 80% of the particles have a particle size of up to 40 µm and 13 gm of finely ground pulverized coal in which at least 87% of the particles have a size of up to 40 µm. After drying and condensation, the resulting weight of the sorption composition is 250 g · m ·

Example 3

The reinforced fiber structure consisting of a polyester staple and a polyacrylate binder deposited from the aqueous dispersion is made as in Example 1. The resulting weight of this

241 613 of the reinforced fiber formation is 40 gm and this formation is * 2 - 2 co-deposited with 33 gm styrene acrylate binder, 5 gm •• 2 acrylic dips, 7 gm powdered expanded perlite with hydrophobised surface, in which at least 80% of the particles have a particle size of up to 40 µm and 65 gm ** of finely divided powdered activated carbon in which at least 87% of the particles have a size less than or equal to 40 µm. The resulting basis weight of the sorbent is 150 gm ** ² .

The function of the sorption agent according to the invention is as follows:

A sorbent is immersed, for example, in the form of a flat plate bundle, in a running wastewater containing 5 to 10 mg / l of petroleum substances. It is advantageous to place these plates in a holding device which fixes their position in running water. The position _{of the} flat plates is selected so that the water is forced to flow through the flat plate bundle.

Density and performance of flat sorbent plates

For example, O is such that per kg of sorption space there is 140 kg of sorption material, i.e. powdered expanded perlite with a hydrophobic surface and powdered activated carbon. The amount of water flowing through 1 m of sorption space is 4 m / h. The wastewater flow through the sorption material reduces the oil content to 0.8 to 2 mg / l with an average effect of 85% ·

After the sorption capacity is exhausted, the flat plate bundle is removed and after partial drainage by dripping it is burned in a coal-fired boiler room. Prepared plates of fresh sorbent are immersed in the flowing water.

The sorption agent according to the invention is primarily intended for the removal of organic and radioactive substances from water in various industrial sectors, for example the removal of petroleum substances from waste water in metal factories, car repair shops, construction, chemical plants, refineries and wherever to unwanted leakage of oil into the surrounding water.

It is also suitable for removal of oil and radioactive substances from bituminous condensates - disposal of burnt rods in atomic power plants, cleaning of polluted water in shipping and the like.

Claims (2)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION 241 613 1. A sorption agent for trapping organic matter, in particular organic matter of petroleum origin, from water having a basis weight of 100 to 300 gm, consisting of two components, characterized in that the first component represents 10 to 30% of the total weight and is formed from a non-woven fabric of synthetic fibers having a fineness of 1 to 12 dtex and a length of 35 to 120 mm and the second component being a surface active powder composition consisting of a mixture of 4 to 60% powdered expanded perlite with hydrophobised surface; 20 to 40% polyacrylate binder and 2 to 10% acrylate polyelectrolyte or acrylic dies are fixed to each other and together with the surfactant powder, all percentages being by weight of the sorbent weight. 2. The sorbent composition of claim 1, wherein at least 80% of the expanded perlite particles having a hydrophohized surface and at least 87% powdered activated carbon have a size of at most 40 µm.