CS238366B2 - Mineral fodder mixtures production method - Google Patents

Abstract

1. Process for making mineral compound cattle food with the aid of a mixer, characterised in that a pulverulent mixture of disodium phosphate, dimagnesium phosphate and dicalcium phosphate, cattle salt, feed lime, and optionally bran, trace elements and vitamines is admixed with the quantity of an at most 15 weight % phosphoric acid just necessary for its water content to be at least 13 weight %, based on the sum of the phosphates in the mixture ; the phosphoric acid-containing mixture is mixed in the mixer over a period of at least 3 minutes at 40 to 120 rpm and thereby granulated ; the resulting moist granulate is dried over a period of at least 3 minutes with the aid of a stream of warm air while being mechanically agitated, the temperature of the stream of warm air being selected so that the temperature at the surface of the dried granulate does not exceed 60 degrees C.

Description

(54) Method of producing mineral compound feed

2

In the manufacture of mineral feed mixtures, dilute phosphoric acid is added to the pulverulent mixture of acidic sodium, magnesium and calcium phosphates, livestock salt and feed lime, and optionally bran, trace elements and vitamins in an amount such that the water content is at least 13% %, based on the phosphate content of the mixture. The mixture containing dilute phosphoric acid is treated in a mixer for at least 3 minutes at 40 to 120 rpm and granulated. The resulting wet granulate is dried mechanically by means of a warm air stream for at least 3 minutes, the temperature of the air stream being selected so that the surface temperature of the dried granulate does not exceed 60 ° C.

The present invention relates to a process for the production of mineral feed mixtures by means of a mixer.

It is known to produce mineral feed mixtures by mixing sodium, magnesium and calcium phosphates, livestock salt, feed lime, bran, vitamins and trace elements. The mixing time and the type of mixer have a major influence on the homogeneous distribution of substances, with forced mixers with built-in agitators in the shape of shovels, oars or worms (Ullmanns Encyclopedia der technischen Chemie), 4. Auflage, Weinheim 1976, p. 41 to 60).

The disadvantage of this mixing is that it has a powder fraction of 20% and above. This pulverulent fraction causes irritation of the respiratory tract at cattle intake. Therefore, such mixtures tend to segregate the end products, especially when using coarse structural blended components.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a process for the production of a mineral feed composition with the aid of a mixer, whereby end products which are practically free of dust and which do not require subsequent segregation of the individual mixing components are obtained from starting cheap powder components using conventional mixers. This is achieved according to the invention by adding to the pulverulent mixture of acidic phosphates of sodium, magnesium and calcium, livestock salt and feed lime, and optionally bran, trace elements and vitamins, 3-15% by weight of phosphoric acid in such an amount that the water content of this phosphoric acid is at least 13% by weight, based on the phosphate content of the mixture, the mixture containing this phosphoric acid is treated in a mixer for at least 3 minutes at 40 to 120 rpm and granulated, after which the resulting wet granulate is dried. up to 10 minutes while mechanically moving by means of a warm air stream, the air stream temperature being selected such that the surface temperature of the dried granulate does not exceed 60 ° C.

The process according to the invention can also be arbitrarily adapted so that:

(a) as dilute phosphoric acid, phosphoric acid of not more than 15% by weight is added;

(b) that phosphoric acid at a concentration of 3 to 12% by weight is added;

(c) the mixture containing dilute phosphoric acid is treated at 80 to 115 rpm;

(d) molasses is added as a supplement to the mixture;

e) up to 10 wt. % molasses based on the mixture.

In the process according to the invention, a well-cured, mechanically resistant granulate is obtained which is not damaged even during bagging. This is obviously due to the fact that only partially dehydrated acid phosphates in the mixture can still chemically bind water, but for which water must be provided in excess. Drying the excess water then leads to felted crystals, the formation of which is apparently supported by phosphoric acid. For example, while molasses itself causes crystal felting, a sufficiently stable granulate is obtained during the simultaneous addition of molasses and phosphoric acid.

If, for example, excess water evaporates slowly during storage, there is a risk that the resulting granulate parts will stick together. This is avoided according to the invention by drying the wet granulate surface with a jet of warm air while mechanically moving, such as by inversion. The wet granulate lies on a fine-meshed sieve, supplying warm air, for example heated to 220 [deg.] C. by a bitch, via a funnel-shaped feed beneath the granulate. This drying of the surface of the granulate particles prevents their subsequent packing. The surface temperature of the granulate remains below 60 [deg.] C., so that any vitamins present are not destroyed.

Of particular importance in the process according to the invention is the speed of the mixer, which depends on the mixer type and the batch liquidity. At a higher rotational speed, the proportion of fine particles increases, at 500 rpm the dust fraction is observable.

The attached figures 1 to 3 are the results of the following examples 1 to 7 based on sieve analysis expressed in bar graphs. The numbers above the columns match those of the examples.

Example 1 [comparative example]

The plow mixer with a capacity of 15 kg is charged with:

2000 g of calcium-magnesium-sodium phosphates (with 9 wt% Ca, 5 wt% Mg, 12 wt% Na and 17.5 wt% P)

1500 g calcium carbonate (feed lime)

500 g sodium chloride (cattle salt)

200 g of anhydrous calcium phosphate 300 g of molasses, about 70%.

The mixture is moved at 115 rpm for 5 minutes.

Example 2 (according to the invention)

In the same apparatus as in Example 1, the same ingredients as in Example 1 were charged, with molasses dissolved in 300 g of water to which 4.7 g of 85% phosphoric acid was added.

The mixture is treated for 5 minutes at 115 rpm and finally dried for 10 minutes with warm air at 220 ° C as measured on the outlet pipe of the warm air generating device.

Example 3 (comparative example)

The 1600 kg turbulent mixer is charged with: _

250 kg of calcium-magnesium-sodium phosphates (with 9 wt% Ca, 5 wt% Mg, 12 wt% Na and 17.5 wt% P)

110 kg of feed lime kg of cattle salt kg of anhydrous calcium phosphate kg of trace elements

To these was added 3 kg of 85% phosphoric acid in 35 L of water and at the same time, but elsewhere, 35 kg of molasses (about 70%) and the total mixture was worked at 80 rpm for 5 minutes. Drying is carried out in bags within 24 hours, the total mass hardening. By kneading the bag, a small granulate is obtained.

Example 4 (according to the invention)

In a conical mixer with a continuous mixing screw rotating at 24 rpm, while in 35 seconds the mixer is completely rotated, the following are charged:

400 kg of calcium-magnesium-sodium phosphates (with 9 wt% Ca, 5 wt% Mg, 12 wt% Na and 17.5 wt% P)

240 kg of feed lime

100 kg of livestock salt kg of anhydrous calcium phosphate kg of eelzzitéoo

To these substances, which fill about 1/3 of the mixer capacity, a solution consisting of 60 L water, 60 L molasses (70-80%) and 4.5 L 85% phosphoric acid is slowly added in the shortest time. After stirring for 5 minutes, a wet granulate is obtained, which is dried for 6 minutes with 220 ° C air (measured on the outlet pipe from the hot air generating device).

Example 5 (according to the invention)

In a twin-screw mixer with horizontally arranged shafts and a capacity of 1000 kilograms:

300 kg of calcium-magnesium-sodium phosphates (with 9 wt% Ca, 5 wt% Mg, 12 wt% Na and 17.5% P) kg of lime

38,5 kg livestock salt kg bran kg trace elements

1.5 kg vitamin concentrate

To these substances was added a solution containing 45 L of water, 50 kg of molasses and 2.5 kg of 85% phosphoric acid. The mixer is rotated at 60 rpm for 5 minutes. The resulting wet granulate is dried for 10 minutes with 180 ° C air as measured on the outlet pipe of the warm air generator.

Example 6 (according to the invention)

The following shall be added to a 15 kg plow mixer:

2300 g of calcium-magnesium-sodium phosphates (with 9 wt% Ca, 5 wt% Mg, 12 wt% Na and 17.5 wt% P)

1500 g of feed lime

500 g of anhydrous calcium phosphate 500 g of cattle salt

To these was added 4.7 g of 85% phosphoric acid in 445 g of water and the total mixture was at 115 rpm for 7 minutes. The resulting granulate is dried for 5 minutes with 220 [deg.] C. air as measured on the outlet pipe of the warm air generator.

Example 7 - (according to the invention)

To the same device as in Example 6. bet:

2000 g calcium-magnesium-sodium phosphates (with 9 wt% Ca, 5 wt% Mg, 12 wt% Na and 17.5 wt% P)

1500 g of feed lime

200 g of anhydrous calcium phosphate

500 g of cattle salt

To these was added 9 g of 85% phosphoric acid in 340 g of water and the total mixture was kept at 115 rpm for 10 minutes. The resulting granulate is air dried at 240 ° C, measured on the outlet pipe of a warm air device.

Example 8

To demonstrate the effect of the addition of phosphoric acid and / or molasses on the hardness of the granular grains, abrasion experiments were performed.

For this purpose they were removed from the various granulates stored for just 24 hours, removed on a sieve of a grain fraction between 500 and 200 μ aη and the granulate was milled in a stainless steel drum (800 milliliters) with eight stainless steel balls (about 20 mm diameter) 5 min at 100 rpm. The abrasion was eventually determined as the fraction that fell through the sieve.

The various granulates were always made from 2000 g of calcium-magnesium-sodium phosphate (with a weight concentration of%% Ca, 5% Mg, 1212% Na by 17.5% P) and 300 g of water, as well as the additives mentioned in the example. 6.

Granulate Allowance (g) Abrasion (%) 85% H3PO4 molasses and _ - . 52.9 b 4.7 - 43.8 C 100 ALIGN! 73.4 d 4.7 100 ALIGN! 66.8

Example 9 The stored granulate of Example 2 had an abrasion of 33.2% while the granulate produced according to Example 2 without the addition of

Claims (4)

' SUBJECT Process for the production of mineral feed mixtures by means of a mixer, characterized in that a powdered mixture of acidic phosphates of sodium, magnesium and calcium, livestock salt and feed lime, is added. %, and optionally bran, trace elements and vitamins, added 3 to 15 wt. phosphoric acid in an amount such that the water content of the phosphoric acid is at least 13% by weight, based on the phosphate content of the mixture, the mixture containing the phosphoric acid is treated in a mixer for at least 3 minutes at 40 to 120 rpm and granulated, then the resulting wet granulate is dried for 3 to 10 minutes with a dose of phosphoric acid and stored at 35.3% for 24 hours. The abrasion determination was performed according to Example 8. · OF THE INVENTION with mechanical movement by means of a warm air stream, wherein the temperature of the air stream is selected such that the surface temperature of the dried granulate does not exceed 60 ° C. 2. The process of claim 1 wherein the phosphoric acid mixture is treated at 80 to 115 rpm. 3. A process according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is added as a powder mixture. molasses supplement. 4. A process according to claim 3, wherein up to 10 wt. molasses, based on the mixture.