CS237122B1 - Plant growth stimulator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a plant growth stimulator based on synthetic organic compounds, which contains succinimide and/or its nitrogen-substituted ethyl, hydroxyethyl derivatives as an active substance, preferably in the form of diluted solutions with an active substance concentration of 1.10~5 to 1.10_1 wt.%.

Description

The invention relates to biologically active substances, in particular plant growth stimulants, including woody plants, based on synthetic organic compounds.

More recently, many compounds have been successfully applied in agriculture and forestry, as biologically or physiologically active substances of the auxinoid, kinin and retardant type [Audus J. J.: Plant Science Monographs. London — New York (1963); Agofanov N. V., Faustov V. V.: Primenenije reguljatorov rosta v plodovodstve. Ministerstvo sefskogo khozjajstva SSSR. Moscow (1972); Pařák L., Roz,košová V.: Zahr. listy 66, 364 (1973); Bezděk V.: Úroda 19, no. 5, 171 (1971)].

Succinic acid is well known as a growth stimulator [Blagoveshchenskij A. V., Rachmanov R. R.: Biochimičeskaja priroda povyšenija urožajnosti s poruščju jantarnoj kiisloty. Izdatelstvo Moskovskogo universiteta (1970)), beta-indolylacetic acid, alpha-naphthylacetic acid, arylcarboxylic acids and other substances [Kutlna J.: Regulátory růstu a jejich vývozdělí a v horticulture. SZN Praha (1977)], as well as mixtures of substances prepared by oxidation of waste from furfural production (author's certificate of the USSR 539 573).

In addition to the obvious advantages of our growth stimulants, their shortcomings, which prevent their wider application in practice, are either limited raw material resources or technically demanding production, and thus their high price. In this direction, significant technical and economic progress is represented by the use of alcohol biologically active substances, mainly as growth stimulants for plants and woody plants, essentially by-products formed during the oxidation of cyclohexane to cyclohexanone (Czech Patent No. 220 936), as well as maleic anhydride, maleic acid, salts and esters of maleic acid (Czech Patent No. 226 518), as well as organic sludges formed from maleic anhydride during the anodic oxidation of aluminum (Czech Patent No. 229 411). In view of the needs of the application of stimulants, the above do not exhaust the possibilities of other compounds, available mainly as intermediates in the chemical and petrochemical industries.

The essence of this invention is a plant growth stimulator based on synthetic organic compounds, the active substance of which contains succinimide and/or its nitrogen-substituted ethyl-, hydroxyethyl derivatives, preferably in the form of diluted solutions with an active substance concentration of 1.10~ ⁵ to 1.10 ^_1 wt.%.

The advantage of the plant growth stimulator, including woody plants, according to this invention is its relatively high efficiency, the possibility of application mainly using diluted aqueous solutions, both for the treatment of grain and seeds, and for spraying plants and woody plants. Furthermore, it is the availability of raw materials and chemical technology,

Easy to store and transport.

The stimulator according to the present invention can be applied alone or in combination with other known stimulators, or together with pesticides or fertilizers, especially liquid ones. It is most suitable to apply succinimide in the form of a diluted aqueous solution. In this case, both from the point of view of efficiency and low consumption, it is usually applied in the form of aqueous solutions with a concentration of 1..10 ^-1 to 1.10 ^-5 % by weight, most suitable in the form of aqueous solutions with a concentration of 1.10~ ² to 1. 10~ ⁴ % by weight. However, it can also be applied in the form of a powder, e.g. in a mixture with fertilizers, powdered lime or limestone, dolomite or with powdered forms of elements and compounds of bioelements. Less effective, but also usable is the form of succinimide in the form of addition products with acids, e.g. with trihydrogenphosphoric acid, or acids of the product hydrolyzed further or the product of saponification with alkali metal hydroxides, mainly sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide. Less suitable, but also usable are the products of saponification of succinimide by the action of alkaline earth hydroxides, mainly calcium hydroxide.

Further details on the effectiveness of the stimulator according to the present invention are apparent from the examples.

Example 1

According to the known methodology [A. Murín and colleagues: Biology 35, 937 (1980)], the germination of spring barley of the Opál variety is determined depending on the concentration of an aqueous solution of succinimide (2,5-diketopyrrolidone), as well as a solution of neutralized or saponified succinimide, by the action of sodium hydroxide. The obtained results are summarized in Table 1 and are the arithmetic mean of three repetitions. At the same time, the stimulating effect of aqueous solutions of succinimide, or of the aqueous solution of its saponification product, is tested in a three-week experiment under a light lamp with similar variants as in the determination of germination.

The procedure is as follows: 30 grains of spring barley Opal are sown in small containers containing 200 g of soil and 200 g of washed silica sand with the same fertilization and after emergence they are unified to 20 plants. The grain is used as such, pickled in distilled water (control) or pickled in aqueous solutions of succinimide and succinimide saponification product of varying concentrations. 50 g of grain is pickled in 60 cm ³ of aqueous solution for 24 h. Each variant has 4 repetitions and the entire experiment is repeated three times. The results obtained are the arithmetic mean of the obtained values and are also summarized in Table 1. The variant using an aqueous solution with a concentration of 3.10~ ⁴ %/o wt. succinimide for pickling barley appears to be optimal in terms of germination and weight of green mass.

Table 1

Variant Concentration of aqueous solution (% by weight) Growth Green matter weight compared to control (%) at (%) Control — pickled grain only in distilled water 100.0 100.0 Grain pickled in an aqueous solution 3.10 ^-1 97.1 100.7 who is neutralized, or 3.10 ^-2 99.9 102.6 saponified succinimide 3.10-3 101.8 98.7 3.ÍO- ⁴ 104.4 98.5 3.ÍO" ⁵ 73.6 94.2 Grain pickled in an aqueous solution 3.10~t 75.1 94.1 com succinimide 3.10-2 117.1 101.4 3. IO ³ 121.8 103.3 3.ÍO' ⁴ 124.0 108.2 3.ÍO- ⁵ 122.5 90.5 Example 2 nological and qualitatively harvest parameters. Spray plants are made in the 9th growth stage, and 5 kg are weighed into the containers soil (after- it with distilled water in in quantity 10 g

of brown earth type — loamy; pH in KCI - 6.27; humus = 2.1% by weight; available P according to Egner = 23.7 mg.kg ^-1 ; available K according to Schachtsohabl 150.3 mg. . kg ^-1 ) and 1 kg of silica sand. 30 grains of spring barley of the Opal variety are sown in each container and fertilized at a dose of 1 g N at a ratio of N : P : K = 1.00 : 0.88 : 2.49. After emergence, the barley is divided into 20 plants in each container. The plants in the containers are watered to 60% of the full water capacity. The experiment has 5 variants and each variant is repeated three times. After harvesting in the phase of full maturity, the yield of grain, straw and false technical controls is determined and in other containers with 10 g of an aqueous solution of succinimide with a concentration of 0.03 v/v. Thus, while in the control experiment the grain yield is 20.1 g (100%), the straw yield is 22.9 g (100%), the aboveground mass yield is 43 g (100 θ/o), in the experiment with an aqueous solution of succinimide the yield is 22.3 g of grain (111.0 %], 25.2 g (110.0 %) of straw and 47.5 g (110.5 %] of aboveground mass.

The results of other comparative variants, experiments with MEK, maleic anhydride and naphthylacetic acid are shown in Table 2.

Table 2

Application Variant Comc. solution (%) Yield g/per container grain % Yield g/per container straw % Yield above ground mass g/per container % Control dest. 20.1 100.0 22.9 100.0 43.0 100.0 water Succinimide 3.ÍO- ² 22.3 111.0 25.2 110.0 47.5 110.5 MEK 3. IO ² 21.9 109.0 20.1 87.8 42.0 97.7 Maleic anhydride 3.ÍO" ³ 22.4 111.4 23.7 103.5 46.1 107.2 Acid a-naphthylacetic acid 3. ÍO- ³ 21.7 108.0 24.3 106.1 46.0 107.0 Example 3 quadruple repetition of a variant and manual

In the experimental year 1983, a field experiment with silage corn, variety CE-380, was established at the SS Pstruša—Víglaš site.

The area of the experimental plots was 15 m ² , planting on 13. 5. 1983, spraying on 8. 7. 1983 at a dose of 0.5 1/100 m ² , harvesting on 31. 1983. Fertilization was the same in all variants, part of the P and K fertilizers was applied in the fall. The results are shown in Table 3.

Table 3

Variant Conc. of solution e% j Silage mass kg/plot (%) Diameter, height of plants cm (%) Control grain stored, crop not sprayed 19.50 100.0 188 100.0 Succinimide 3.10-2 20.32 104.2 204 108.5

spray

Example 4

When testing succinimide derivatives for germination, the procedure is as in Example 1. A concentration of succinimide derivatives of 3.10 ³ wt. % is used. The results obtained are shown in Table 4.

Table 4

Variant

Check (pickling in distilled water)

Grain pickling in N-hydroxyethyl succinimide solution Grain pickling in N-ethyl succinimide solution

Germination rate (%)

100.0

118.0

116.2

Green mass weight compared to control ('%] 100.0 103.7 104.6

Claims (1)

SUBJECT Plant growth stimulator based on synthetic organic compounds, characterized in that the active substance contains succinimide and / or its nitrogen-substituted ethyl-, hydroxyethyl- derivatives, preferably in the form of dilute solutions with an active substance concentration of from 1.10 ^-5 to 1.10 ¹ % by weight