CS231718B1 - Equipment for starting the petrol engine - Google Patents

Abstract

It solves the problem of easier engine starting in cold weather even when the starter battery voltage drops. In a battery ignition device, which uses an induction ignition coil with a primary winding for a lower operating voltage of the car's electrical network and for which this voltage is reduced to its operating value by a series resistor while the engine is running, the input terminal of the primary winding of the coil itself is connected via a semiconductor diode to the input terminal of the starter control magnet winding. If the negative pole of the battery is grounded, the diode is oriented in a forward direction towards the ignition coil, while the positive pole of the battery is grounded, the opposite is true. When the engine is started, the diode supplies the full battery voltage to the input terminal of the primary winding of the coil, thus ensuring intensive sparking at the spark plugs.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to an apparatus for starting a positive-ignition engine, in an automobile, under unfavorable conditions, particularly in a cold state. In spark-ignition engines, especially in automobiles and nowadays almost exclusively used by the battery ignition, there is a difficulty in starting at low temperatures. This is due to the fact that the cold engine with thickened lubricating oil puts increased mechanical resistance to rotation, the starter battery, although in perfect technical condition and charged, has an increased internal resistance at low temperature, its voltage when consuming hundreds of amperes by electric starter below the value necessary for the proper functioning of the igniter and the spark between the spark plug electrodes, if sparks occur at all, they do not have the energy needed to reliably ignite a cold and less flammable combustible mixture.

Presently, the described problems are solved by increasing the voltage especially for ignition by manually adding other accumulator or even dry cells in series with the starter battery for the time of starting the engine by means of a special switch which disengages after starting the engine.

It is also known an ignition device in which an ignition coil is used for a lower voltage of its primary winding than the nominal voltage of the car's mains and in which the primary voltage of the ignition coil winding cools down by a resistor to a prescribed operating value. When starting the engine, the series resistor is short-circuited manually with a special pushbutton, so that the ignition coil even operates under voltage conditions even under the most unfavorable conditions. A special new starter is also under development, complete with a separate switch for automatic short-circuiting of the primary coil resistance of the ignition coil winding during the operation of the electric motor starter.

The described devices for facilitating the start-up of spark-ignition engines at low temperatures have disadvantages. When using optional battery cells, they need to be recharged and maintained, dry cells need to be replaced as needed and may not always be available everywhere, the device occupies space and its good function is greatly dependent on the technical skill of the operator. In devices with a lower voltage ignition coil and a series resistor, starting the motor makes it difficult to short-circuit the series resistor, and the whole device is more complicated by the short-circuit element and the two relatively long wires to it.

The disadvantages of the prior art devices for facilitating the ignition of low-temperature spark-ignition engines are eliminated in a device according to the invention in which the ignition coil is used for a lower voltage of its primary winding than the nominal voltage of the car. a resistor adapted for short-circuiting at the start of the engine, characterized in that the input terminal of the primary coil of the ignition coil is connected by means of a semiconductor diode to the input terminal of the starter control solenoid.

With the device according to the invention, there is no problem with locating, operating, maintaining or renewing additional voltage sources for the ignition system of the engine when starting, but also the need for a short-circuit of the primary coil winding resistor with the necessary two wires. the need for a new type of starter with a switch to short-circuit the resistor. The device according to the invention operates completely automatically, does not involve any movable mechanisms, is extremely simple, reliable and inexpensive.

An example of a practical application of the invention to a petrol engine of an automobile in which the electrical installation is made by a single-conductor system and the negative pole is grounded is schematically shown in the attached drawing.

⁴ The ignition output terminal 1 of the ignition switch 2 is connected via a resistor J to the input terminal 3 of the ignition coil primary winding.

The ignition coil body J is connected to the mass of the vehicle by grounding the coil 2. The high voltage output 8 of the coil 2 is fed to an undistorted conventional circuit breaker. The output terminal 6 of the starter switch 30 is normally connected to the input terminal 11 of the starter actuating magnet 12 associated with the vehicle body by ground 11. The main terminal 11 of the starter 10 is connected to the positive terminal of the undistorted starter battery. Input terminal JJ. The control magnet 12 of the starter 10 is further coupled by means of a semiconductor diode 11 to the input terminal J of the primary winding of the ignition coil J. By the terminal J6 on the ignition switch 2, the entire ignition device is supplied from the electric network of the vehicle.

• By turning the ignition key 17, when starting the engine, the power supply voltage of the vehicle is first applied to the output terminal J for ignition and then via the resistor J to the input terminal J of the primary coil winding. However, the voltage at this terminal J is reduced to the value prescribed for continuous operation by the effect of the series resistor J. When the key is momentarily turned to the extreme right position, the full voltage of the vehicle's electrical system also appears at the output terminal% for starting the engine and at the input terminal 11 of the control magnet 12 of the starter 10 and the starter 10 rotates the engine.

F

Since this input terminal 11 of the control magnet 12 of the starter 10 is connected longer by the semiconductor diode 15 to the input terminal J of the primary coil winding *, the ignition coil 5 receives the full operating voltage of the vehicle's electrical network during the starter rotation and when the starter battery voltage drops.

Upon completion of starting, the semiconductor diode 15 prevents the reverse current from the input terminal J of the primary coil of the ignition coil J to the winding of the control magnet J2 of the starter J2; however, they must be oriented in the forward direction from the input terminal 11 of the actuator control magnet 11 to the input terminal J of the ignition coil primary winding. A silicon-area diode for a current of 10 A and a voltage of at least 100 V seems appropriate.

Claims (1)

Apparatus for starting a positive-ignition engine, in particular an automobile, in which the ignition coil is used with a primary winding for a lower operating voltage than the nominal voltage of the vehicle power supply and with a resistor to reduce the vehicle power supply voltage to the prescribed ignition coil voltage when starting the engine into the primary coil winding, the full voltage of the vehicle's electrical network is applied, characterized in that the input terminal (11) of the starter control magnet (12) is connected via diode (15) to the input terminal (4) of the primary coil winding (5)