CS225322B1 - The treatment of starches and flours by the combination of the extrusion and the enzyme degradation - Google Patents
The treatment of starches and flours by the combination of the extrusion and the enzyme degradation Download PDFInfo
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- CS225322B1 CS225322B1 CS886881A CS886881A CS225322B1 CS 225322 B1 CS225322 B1 CS 225322B1 CS 886881 A CS886881 A CS 886881A CS 886881 A CS886881 A CS 886881A CS 225322 B1 CS225322 B1 CS 225322B1
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- Czechoslovakia
- Prior art keywords
- starch
- starches
- raw materials
- extruder
- mixture
- Prior art date
Links
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 title claims description 32
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 title claims description 31
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 title claims description 6
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 title claims description 6
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 title description 3
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 title description 3
- 235000013312 flour Nutrition 0.000 title description 3
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 102000004139 alpha-Amylases Human genes 0.000 claims description 7
- 108090000637 alpha-Amylases Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940024171 alpha-amylase Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000008753 Papaver somniferum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000299461 Theobroma cacao Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000009470 Theobroma cacao Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007515 enzymatic degradation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012223 aqueous fraction Substances 0.000 claims 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000016213 coffee Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013353 coffee beverage Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011869 dried fruits Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013599 spices Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000003625 amylolytic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 240000001090 Papaver somniferum Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000209140 Triticum Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 240000002234 Allium sativum Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010065929 Cardiovascular insufficiency Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000203593 Piper nigrum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008184 Piper nigrum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M Sodium bicarbonate-14C Chemical compound [Na+].O[14C]([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-DEQYMQKBSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013614 black pepper Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006071 cream Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019621 digestibility Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012438 extruded product Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000004611 garlic Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015243 ice cream Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000011962 puddings Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015504 ready meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013580 sausages Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940100445 wheat starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Grain Derivatives (AREA)
Description
Vynález sa týká sposobu zušlachťovania škrobov, mák a obilných, šrotov zdražením procesu extrúzie a enzýmovej degradácie škrobov, pričom do škrobu alebo škrobnatého materiálu ako obilné múky, zmesi škrobov alebo muk s inými přísadami sa před extrúziou přidá bakteriálna alfa-amyláza, obsah sušiny sa upraví parou, vodou alebo roztokom prídatných látok na požadovaná hodnotu, minimálně však na 450 kg sušiny na 1 tonu· Extrúzia ako i konečná úprava obsahu vlhkosti a struktury sa ďalej prevedie obvyklým spčsobom· Pri vyhriatí masy v extrudéri na teploty do 180 °C dojde k napučiavaniu škrobových molekul a ich rýchlej degradácii podlá prevádzkových podmienok a tým i k úpravě fyzikálno-ohemických vlastností výrobku. Velkost přídavku amýlolytického preparátu je vymedzená v predmete vynálezu·BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a process for upgrading starch, poppy and cereal scrap by increasing the process of extrusion and enzymatic degradation of starches, wherein bacterial alpha-amylase is added to starch or starch material such as cereal flour, starch or other mixtures. steam, water or additive solution to the required value, but at least 450 kg of dry matter per tonne · Extrusion as well as the final moisture content and texture are carried out in the usual way · The meat is heated in the extruder to temperatures up to 180 ° C starch molecules and their rapid degradation according to operating conditions, and thus to adjust the physicochemical properties of the product. The size of the addition of the amylolytic preparation is defined in the subject of the invention.
V súčasnej době sa výroba enzýmovo degradovaných škrobov múk bobtnávých za studená vo vodě a vodných roztokovh prevůdza aapučanim škrobov a nasledujúcim enzýmovým stekutenim škrobov na válcových a rozprašovacích sušiarňach· Skrátený postup umožňuje pri použití válcových sušiarní viest škrobová alebo múčnu suspenziu s prídavkom enzýmového preparátu na válcová sušiarefi, na ktorej prebieha napučanie, stekucovanie a sušenie pri jednej výrobněj operácii· Oba spósoby vyžadujú vysoký podiel vody, obvykle do 70 - 75 váhových dielov. Za týchto podmienok je výroba energeticky velmi náročná, vyžaduje vysoké investície pri relativné malých výkonoch, vyjadřovaných hmotnosťou hotového výrobku za jednotku času·Currently, the production of enzymatically degraded starches of cold swellable flour and aqueous solutions is carried out by swelling starches and subsequent enzymatic liquefaction of starches on roller and spray driers. · Both processes require a high proportion of water, usually up to 70 - 75 parts by weight. Under these conditions, production is very energy intensive, requiring high investments at relatively low outputs, expressed in weight of finished product per unit of time ·
V zahraničí stúpa používanie procesu extrúzie pri zušlachťovaní Škrobov a škrobových surovin, pričom fyzikálno-chemické vlastnosti hotových výrobkov sú ovplyvňované hlavně — 2 —Abroad, the use of the extrusion process for the upgrading of Starches and starch raw materials is increasing, while the physico-chemical properties of the finished products are mainly influenced - 2 -
225 322 volbou teploty,tlaku, východzej vlhkosti a intenzity střihového namáhania· Hlbšia degradácia škrobov sa však získává uvedenými prostriedkami obtiažne a preto niektoré postupy používá jú extrúziu niekolkostupňová·225 322 by selection of temperature, pressure, initial humidity and shear intensity · However, deeper degradation of starches is difficult to obtain by the above means and therefore some processes use multi-stage extrusion ·
Uvedené nedostatky súčasného stavu odstraňuje nový postup, ktorý je podstatné jednoduchá!, ekonomicky výhodnější, energeticky menej náročný a vyžaduje podstatné menšie investičně náklady na rovnakú výrobu· Použitie amylolytického enzýmového preparátu umožňuje 1’ahké vedenie procesu a dosiahnutie požadovaných vlastnosti·These shortcomings of the state of the art are eliminated by a new process that is substantially simple !, more economical, less energy intensive and requires substantially lower investment costs for the same production. The use of an amylolytic enzyme preparation allows for easy process control and achievement of the desired properties.
Podstata vynálezu spočívá v tom, že škrob, máky alebo obilné šroty sa ovlhčia vodou vo formě páry, vody alebo roztoku, hodnota pH sa v případe potřeby upraví na hodnoty 5-7, přidá sa amylolytický enzýmový preparát v množstve 150 - 25 000 jednotiek DA na 1 kg sušiny škrobu, dalej je výhodné přidat chlorid vápenatý a chlorid sodný na zvýšenie stability amylolytického enzýmového preparátu· Jednotka dextrinačnej aktivity - DA je množstvo enzýmu, ktoré za 1 minútu prevedie 1 mg škrobu na vysokomolekulárne dextríny. Upravená zmes sa v miešacej češti extrudéra dokonale homogenizuje a ďalej v tlakovej časti extrudéra zohreje na teplotu do 180 °0 pri súčasne vyvinutom mechaniekom tlaku dopravných a miešacích šnekov po dobu obvykle používánu pre extrúziu. Vplyvom teploty a tlaku v přítomnosti vlhkosti škrobová zložka dostatočne zbobtná a zároveň sa čiastočne enzýmovo degraduje podl’a volených prevádzkových podmienok. Podl*a obsahu zbytkovej vlhkosti po expanzii sa extrudovaný výrobok buď chladí studeným vzduchem, alebo dosuší obvyklým spósobom na požadovaná konečná sušinu·The principle of the invention is that the starch, poppy seed or cereal meal is moistened with water in the form of steam, water or solution, the pH is adjusted to 5-7 if necessary, an amylolytic enzyme preparation is added in an amount of 150-25 000 DA units per kg of starch dry matter, it is also preferable to add calcium chloride and sodium chloride to increase the stability of the amylolytic enzyme preparation. · Unit of Dextrination Activity - DA is the amount of enzyme that converts 1 mg of starch into high molecular weight dextrins in 1 minute. The treated mixture is perfectly homogenized in the extruder mixing bowl and further heated to a temperature of up to 180 ° C in the pressurized portion of the extruder while simultaneously developing the conveyor and mixing screw pressures for the time typically used for extrusion. Due to the temperature and pressure in the presence of moisture, the starch component is sufficiently swollen and at the same time partially enzymatically degrades according to the selected operating conditions. Depending on the residual moisture content after expansion, the extruded product is either cooled with cold air or dried in the usual manner to the desired final dry matter.
Uvedeným spósobom získané výrobky sú výhodné ako zahusťovadlá pre výrobu pudingov, krémov, zmzlin, plniek pre pekárenský a cukrovinkársky priemysel, ďalej ako prídatné zložky •pre hotové pokrmy, prs výrobky masiarskeho a údenárskeho priemyslu· S výhodou možno získané produkty použit ako přídavky do pečivá pre zvýšenie ich trvanlivosti a čerstvosti· Efekt zvýšenia strávitelnosti degradovaných škrobov, najma u mladýchThe products obtained in this way are advantageous as thickeners for the production of puddings, creams, ice creams, fillers for the bakery and confectionery industry, as well as additives • for ready meals, breast products of the meat and sausage industry. increasing their shelf life and freshness · Effect of increasing the digestibility of degraded starches, especially in the young
22S 32222S 322
- 3 zvierat umožňuje přípravu sfektívnych křmnych zmesi pre tieto zvieratá.- 3 animals allow the preparation of a selective feed mixture for these animals.
Příklad 1 :Example 1:
Kukuřičný škrob sa ovlhči vodným roztokom hydrouhličitanu sodného, pričom na 1 tonu obchodné suchého kukuřičného škrobu sa přidá 150 kg vodného roztoku, v ktorom je rozpuštěných 0,5 kg hydrouhličitanu sodného, 0,6 kg bakteriálnej alfa-amylázy o aktivitě 2 500 jednotisk DA/g a 10 g zmesi chloridu vápenatého a chloridu sodného* Ovlhčená zmes sa dokonale homogenizujs a vedle do tlakovej vyhrievacej časti extrudéra* Tu sa hmota vyhřeje na teplotu 160 °C s výdržou 5 Mnáty. Expandovaný produkt sa dosuší v práde teplého vzduchu na obvyklých typoch toplovzdušných sušiarní.The corn starch is moistened with an aqueous solution of sodium bicarbonate, with 150 kg of an aqueous solution in which 0.5 kg of sodium bicarbonate is dissolved, 0.6 kg of bacterial alpha-amylase with an activity of 2500 DA units per tonne of commercially dry corn starch. and 10 g of a mixture of calcium chloride and sodium chloride * The moistened mixture is perfectly homogenized and next to the pressure heating part of the extruder * Here the mass is heated to a temperature of 160 ° C with a holding time of 5 minutes. The expanded product is dried in warm air laundry on conventional types of hot air driers.
Přiklad 2 :Example 2:
Pšeničná máka sa ovlhči vodným roztokom hydrouhličitanu sodného, pričom na 1 tonu obchodné suchéj pšeničnej máky sa přidá 150 1 vodného roztoku, v ktorom je rozpuštěných 0,6 kg hydrouhličitanu sodného, 0,8 kg bakteriálněj alfa-amylézý o aktivitě 2 500 jednotiek EA/g a 15 g zmesi chloridu vápenatého a chloridu sodného* Ovlhčená zmss sa dokonale homogenizuje a vedle do tlakovej vyhrievacej časti extrudéra* Tu sa vyhřeje na teplotu 150 °C s výdržou 5 minúty. Expandovaný produkt sa dosuši v teplovzdušnej sušiarni obvyklým spósobom*The wheat poppy is moistened with an aqueous sodium bicarbonate solution, with 150 l of an aqueous solution in which 0.6 kg of sodium bicarbonate is dissolved, 0.8 kg of bacterial alpha-amylase with an activity of 2 500 units of EA / per tonne of commercial dry wheat poppy g 15 g of calcium chloride and sodium chloride mixture * The moistened mixture is perfectly homogenized and next to the pressure heating part of the extruder * Here it is heated to a temperature of 150 ° C with a holding time of 5 minutes. The expanded product is dried in a hot-air oven in the usual way *
K 1 000 kg obchodné suchého zemiakového škrobu sa přidá 500 kg sacharózy a 250 kg kakaového prášku, zmes sa po homogenizácii ovlhči vodou obohatenou pridavkom bakteriálnej alfa-amylázy na vstupná sušinu 79 %* Prídavok bakteriálnej alfa-amylázy představuje 0,2 kg preparátu o aktivitě 5 000 jednotiek DA/g na 1 tonu obchodné suchého škrobu* Ovlhčená zmes sa dokonale homogenizujs a vedie do pracovnoj časti extrudéra, kde sa vyhřeje na teplotu 150 °C s výdržou 1 minutu. Tvarovaný expandovaný produkt sa v obvyklých sušiarňach suší neohriatym vzduchom na konečná sušinu 90 %·To 1000 kg of commercial dry potato starch is added 500 kg of sucrose and 250 kg of cocoa powder, after homogenization the mixture is moistened with water enriched by the addition of bacterial alpha-amylase to an initial solids content of 79%. 5,000 units DA / g per ton of commercial dry starch * The moistened mixture is perfectly homogenized and fed to the working part of the extruder where it is heated to 150 ° C with a holding time of 1 minute. The shaped expanded product is dried in non-heated air to 90% dry weight in conventional driers.
Μ» «*Μ »« *
Κ 500 kg jemenj pšeničnej krupice a 500 kg obchodné suchého pšeničného škrobu sa přidá 25 kg soli, 4 kg mletého čierneho korenia a 5»5 kg cesnakového koncentrátu. Zmes sa ovlhčí 50 1 vodného roztoku, v ktorom je rozpuštěných 0,4 kg hydrouhličitanu sodného. Počas homogenizácie sa do zmesi nastrekuje 15 1 vodného roztoku, v ktorom je rozpuštěných 0,6 kg enzýmového preparátu bakteriálněj alfa-amylázy o aktivitě 2 000 jednotiek DA/g a 8 h chloridu vápenatého. Po dokonale j homogenizácii sa zmes vedie do pracovněj časti extrudéra, kde sa vyhřeje na teplotu 140 °C s výdržou 1,5 minúty. Tvarovaný expandovaný produkt sa v obvyklých sušiariíach suší neohriatym vzduchom na sušinu 90 %·Κ 500 kg of fine wheat semolina and 500 kg of commercial dry wheat starch are added 25 kg of salt, 4 kg of ground black pepper and 5 »5 kg of garlic concentrate. The mixture is moistened with 50 l of an aqueous solution in which 0.4 kg of sodium bicarbonate is dissolved. During homogenization, 15 l of an aqueous solution are sprayed into which 0.6 kg of the bacterial alpha-amylase enzyme preparation of 2000 DA / g activity and 8 hours of calcium chloride are dissolved. After complete homogenization, the mixture is fed to the working part of the extruder, where it is heated to 140 ° C with a holding time of 1.5 minutes. The molded expanded product is dried in non-heated air to 90% solids in conventional driers.
Claims (3)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS886881A CS225322B1 (en) | 1981-12-01 | 1981-12-01 | The treatment of starches and flours by the combination of the extrusion and the enzyme degradation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS886881A CS225322B1 (en) | 1981-12-01 | 1981-12-01 | The treatment of starches and flours by the combination of the extrusion and the enzyme degradation |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CS225322B1 true CS225322B1 (en) | 1984-02-13 |
Family
ID=5439853
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS886881A CS225322B1 (en) | 1981-12-01 | 1981-12-01 | The treatment of starches and flours by the combination of the extrusion and the enzyme degradation |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CS (1) | CS225322B1 (en) |
-
1981
- 1981-12-01 CS CS886881A patent/CS225322B1/en unknown
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