CS220772B2 - Method of making the fibres from the spool spinneable material and device for executing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A gas jet emitter (20) emits, through a series of orifices (21), a row of gas jets which are diverted and spread by a deflecting plate (40). The spreading of the jets is however limited by impact with the adjacent jets, which gives rise in each jet to counter-rotatary vortices (45, 48) surrounding a laminar flow zone (44) at low pressure, into which a thin stream (S) of molten thermoplastic material is sent. The jets are directed against a main gaseous flow (18) into which they penetrate, forming interaction zones. The thin streams are thus stretched successively in two steps, but the second step may be omitted. The method applies in particular to manufacturing glass fibres. <IMAGE>

Description

The present invention relates to a process for the production of fibers from a fiberising material, in which continuous strands of fiberising material are formed, which are fiberized by gas streams into which the fiberising material strands are allowed to penetrate.

The invention also relates to apparatus for prováděrn ^{t h} oto method. ^P ccording marks ^PU with ^B to ^p circumscribed ^eh s publication francouzsltom ^p Atentat no. 2223318 forming the main gas flow and transversely thereto · directing the jet, called secondary or carrier jet whose cross section is smaller and playing ^t ic ^ka energy is unity olajemu Vn ^ than the corresponding values. main gas stream. The gas jet, the so-called secondary, thus penetrates into the main gas stream and creates an interaction zone in which it ^generates two counter-rotating winds resulting from this interaction. Is created between viruses ^{of manufacture of} zone ^P om ^ters Citations ^eh ^ Toer of TTA is located on the border of the main stream in the vicinity of the point of penetration of the jet and for this ODEM ^b. To rnzk band of pressure-fed strand attenuable material, which then enters the interaction zone where it is exposed rou ^{p Importan} vortex meters high rycMostí ^{s, What characterized} VOTAVA and hoped that ultimately leads to the creation of fibers.

The main purpose of the invention is to achieve a ^d a ^b r ^s stability piuvodu zvLtoíovatehmho material while avoiding mutual influence EPLO ^{t t h} r ^u znýc ^Article en ^U under ^management, private ^ga jících zvtakiiovatalný intrigue and ^y n ^ply.

The essence of the method of the invention is that a plurality of gas jets are formed laterally apart from each other, the flow of each of them is modified by a deflector located on their path and the lateral span of each modified gas jet is limited by impacting adjacent gas jets. they create at least one pair of counter-rotating vortices bounding. zone with which ^to Ym ^p arms attenuable material in a spinnable condition supplied to each gas jet to the zone located between counterrotating belief of the jet.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the gas jets are discharged in directions substantially parallel and in the same plane.

U E ^{N L} N ^{E P} deHektor rovrnná Locha placement ^I N ^and Si ^for possible backlash ^{or d} caliber ^ply new computer ^HP and ^p rs ^Ku.

According to another embodiment of the invention across the modified jets directs the main gas stream, ^kt projecting into the cavity has an ^E t ^width dimension ^ Avşa ^to ktaetíckou energy to the ^b Jem unity smaller-than the kinetic energy of each gas paprs220772 to so modified jets may penetrating into the main gas stream, wherein the spunbonded material strands are introduced into the gas streams before they penetrate into the main gas stream.

Preferably, the ratio of the kinetic energy per unit volume of the gas jet to the kinetic energy per unit volume of the main gas jet is between 1.6 and 60.

According to another embodiment of the VYN ^s climb to Mavrn gas stream directed ^p ccording paths are substantially horizontal and located above the gas beams, jets deflected in the direction of the main gas stream is broadcast over the strands of the attenuable material, relative to their direction of flow, and springs attenuable material se '. they carry by weight to the deflected gas jets.

According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the modified jets spaced from the upper boundary of the main current sources and attenuable material is introduced into the jet of rubbish occurs where bo ^ mod.i ^{esterification} step.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for carrying ^PU method for ^the the ^dl ev ^ Alez! ^ ^K are exercised includes a source of strands attenuable material, at least one opening for forming these ^p arms ^of the ^U, and CKII NEJM Step ^E is ^d en High ^clay and ^no gas paprs ^Ku, at a ^{p of} Eny vypoustomm opening. According to the invention contains this device deflector introduced at least partially into the path of the gases ^eh o ^p APRs ^to at or ^ply new computer ^HP APRs ^ing between the outlet opening and a zone in which the gas beams enter into contact with the strands attenuable material which is disposed at the front end deflector, and against which direction. flow of the jet is arranged an opening for supply zvlákňovateto ^d ^ o matermlu.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, the axes of the discharge orifices of the transmitter, the gas jets, are substantially parallel and in the same plane.

According to another embodiment, the deflector deflecting the jets formed by Esko ^{d, k} now obsolete SVM with axes vypouštectoh otvorri Tore ¹ ranging in size 3S ° to 55 °.

According to another embodiment of the device provided by the invention is a c ^{d d d HYL} EDGINGPROFILE ESKA TVOne ^d ette ^kt or mounted on the ^ ítarn Lord rays and has a free edge placed adjacent the ^{currency en} orifices for discharging jets and transversely "of these outlets.

Contains a device according to the invention, the generator main current, the generator ^{MAIN ¹H} the ^ply new ^eh of flow spaced from the supply source of the R-vlákňovatelného material from transmitter gas ^P and ^P rs ^ing and an outlet opening maprn in & width dimension than the dimension of the discharge opening ^ply new computer ^H to ^{P of RSK,} pnčemž; above this axis ^- stupního of creature is directed to ^{p No} of manufacture to the flow direction of the deflected jets.

Steels are opening ^{yp p} ro ^d nvo especially ^ ovatelného material positioned behind outlet orifices of the jets relative to the direction of flow of the main gas stream.

The use of the method and apparatus according to the invention has numerous advantages. The use of the gas jet swirls formed by the deflector on the gas jet during the first spinning or drawing period makes it possible in a single event to introduce the elongated fiber into the interaction zone between ^the beam and the charge current (this interaction zone is described in French Patent No. 2,223,318). As a result of this circumstance is that the first feeding period spinnable matertato ^{d de} of about zvtakňovactoo probtoajk Whose in the interaction zone, resulting in the following advantages:

First becomes ly ^from Nym is clearly the ^{d of d} of d ^ J ^ ILT various elements of the device, particularly the elements ^P ro vyvotavání ^hl lea d ^h of the gas ^ -o ^ Prou means for producing the secondary jets and means for delivering zvlákňovatehmho matter. Oddělern these ^p rv ^KU namely above ^h o ^{d d} někohka not from ^troduction of; in particular, it reduces heat exchange between the three. ^p rvky system ^gamma that ^{of d} AVA ^ETSI flexibility to maintain the temperature difference between the means for producing the main current, the means for producing on the secondary ^¹H the ^{ply newly} him ^P and ^P RS ^to the UA ⁱⁿ the ceiling ^P ro PRIV ^{ADE nus} Vol ^{l sic} New ^T e ^l of matertata no ^h. Such lowering of the temperature change and also enables zvlákiáovat in ^d obrýc ^hp of ^D min ^ka ch ^substance j and ^k of the hardness ^can sk ^l and ^to ter ^{é characterized} by ^D TO, THE poměrrm ^{characterized} sōke the temperature and ^would Uve ^d en ^y into molten condition or consistency required for spinning.

Odloueern elements u ^p ravenýc ^HP by ev ^{y dl} finding also reduces or eliminates the production ^of newly ^and KN NYC ^h or ^e ^ ^ce ATN vlákněných portion ter ^ ^{k E} treble ^{p l} e ňovatelného measurement particularly ^for hot material on the wall. TE is ^always possible ^{from the} non osdhnou ^{d t evenly e]} network of ^h ·, Ex-AKN ^of N ^{and of} a ^steady-ters j ^with their addition products ·· ^p rocedure, the use of the two ^E has a ^BD with ^both, wherein · the first period is used to feed Vol ^lákň ova ^{e r} ^ ^é material by ^d about Inter ^for ke zone of the jet and the main current, advantageous, because this first period, a means for stabilizing pnvo ^d u. mateiWu ^d of mtera ^to This is an important factor in achieving a uniform fiber spinning ^{to the} front zone. ^{The p} rvní of ^b Dobie enables a bandwidth kvasilaminárního flow with low pressure regular and accurate feeding the attenuable material into the region located limit ^and vrny ^p l ^y new ^eh of ^p and ^p rsku ^{characterized} votaným ^also by the deflector, and she accuracy takes in in the case of a defect in the location of the opening of the fiberising material inlet relative to the laminar flow zone.

In Dusla ^d ku of this "automatic" com ^p enzace irregularities relating to the position of point pnvodu zvtékňovatélnžo matermlu Nern j ^Iz Con ^cl e ^Bi, and ^would not ^ ns previously ^alkyl zanzení as a means for feeding the molten glass rope, have been designed with high precision. This advantage is significant since it is known that high precision machining is not readily compatible with the very high temperatures encountered in the handling of molten with ^{the rim,} particularly at ^E Na. fiberization of hard glasses or other materiflů j and ^k are the slag ^alkyl or certain minerals.

MDs ^at Sa ^BP compliance VYN ^AL Cutting is also: the advantage that it can be used in a wide variety of attenuable materials, which include not only the various mineral materials, as mentioned above, but also a spinnable organic materials, such as polypropylene, polystyrene, polyamide or polycarbonate.

According to the invention it is also suggested to use certain operating conditions of special interest, concerning the temperature and velocity of the secondary gas jet as compared with the ^Iz ždnotami the main ^{ply newly} current value. It is preferred that the secondary gas jet is delivered speed and temperature is ^{considerable some} lower: Not ^of the T ^ytéž riff is ⁼ propose examples in French Pat. No. 2,223,318, for the purpose of achieving further advantages which will be listed below.

Even ^{when the} F after ^dL ev ^{Y is N,} crawling is most ^{participation of} her ^BC e ^d ^ snake ^ that especially ^CN alkylated ^s Vol ^ iiovatén ^ of the material will be carried out in two stages, it should be noted that for certain applications the material may be subjected to only the first period, i.e., the spinning period, which represents the weighing of the swellable material into the zone located between the pair of counter-rotating vortices induced by the disruptive vortex through the deflector. The fact ^{characterized} nechárn dalmho obdoW penetration ^{ply newly} him jet into the main current simplifies the apparatus.

^You n and ^l ez is usable ^P ro ja ^ kohv particularly ^to ňovatelný material, and ^W, and ^kh of ^DI Vol ^{LAST p} ro spinning thermoplastic materials, such ^Rik lacI s ^ aa podobnýž ^acrylate e ^to play ^ATY ch until the molten state or consistency suitable for spinning. The embodiment described and illustrated below is particularly suitable for spinning glass or the like, and unless otherwise stated, everything relating to glass in the following description can also be applied to any other spinable material.

The following description in connection with the drawings clearly shows the method and means for achieving the above objects and advantages. Figure showing a preferred embodiment ZANZA ^dL after EV ^{Y is N,} and climbing schematically illustrate ^Importan lies ^{the running in} of a ^{BD Pooh} with ^{co p b} by ^gas-eh the jet and the main current own spinning.

Giant. 1 shows schematically in elevation with certain partial sections overall arrangement of main elements of the device according to the invention, the ^b r. ² is V ^e t ^get m mentee vertical ^row ez one from the spinning locations along line ^2-2 o ^b r. 4 o ^b r. ³ is still in the ^STA-currency prat. ^p Ohte ^d with ^h ora ^P Oder ^b NOSTI nelepých orifices of the jets and supplying the glass, in a section along the line - 3 in FIG. ^2, a ^b r. 4 is an increase of ^y with ^CA STI device znázoržného o ^b r ¹ and ² at. viewed from the right side in FIG. 2, FIG. 5 is ^p respect to ^h Ora on ^Row ez ^p o ^d le ^Ca r ^{y 5-5} in ^b r. ^4, FIG. 6 is obliquely ^s m ^p r ^u M. ^et u zvětéený view zásolbrn pmku ^p ro p ^ly new paprs ^to y used in the apparatus shown in FIG. 1-5, FIG. 7 is a perspective view diagram shows ^F un ^toward or way from ^ARI of ^measurement p ^o by ^ finding ^ o ^b r. 8, ^p is from ^Star LNY-section ^d RNM from the spinning locations on FIG. 2 and illustrates certain period of action of the gas PA ^pr SKU and of the principal ^{ply newly} him ^{- p} Roudou upon spinning glass supplied from an orifice located in the 'top of the figure Fig. 9 is a top view of several jets and of the main gas stream from ^p ovídaji FIG. ^8, and the ^AK as ^{characterized} NEC ^{hook nus} supply of glass and glass fiber, which is ^yt in ^{AR eno} of ^b r. ¹⁰ is a ^transverse cut therein ^{of d p} Ohle three adjacent jets, while seeing the directions of rotation counter-rotating tornadoes gas AC beam, FIG. 11 is an elevational longitudinal section of the main beam and illustrates especially ^E on Urch dimensions ^kt ns has to ^remain to be considered for creating operating conditions of ^Kp by ^d le above ^h ODN ^é it from ^para uso ^b u ^ ováděrá invention, Figure . 11a is a detail showing the distance between two inlet openings sousedmc new ^hp l ^{y p} and ^p rs ^es and OTE. 11b is a cross-sectional view of a device for supplying a spinnable material.

First, reference should be made to Fig. 1 which schematically shows a typical configuration of the CE ^Leh ZANZA FSM ^{n e d} it ^kp Rovai ENI ^p ccording to the invention. On the left-hand side of FIG. 1 there is shown schematically a portion of a burner or generator 15 generating a main gas stream 18 and comprising a tube 16 with an outlet opening 17 that is large enough to couple several spinning points to the main stream 18. The pressure fluid supply tube 19 is connected to the gas jet transmitters 20 which supply the gas discharge openings for the secondary gas jets. The spinning nozzle 22 which is assigned to the supply source 2 ^{P 3 P} ro řívod ^KL and ^includes apertures 24 for supplying attenuable material of glass, which is spring slkla směrovánke each output The nozzle 22 that was passed forward to the interaction zone in hlavrnm ^p l ^y m ^{p newly} Roudou 18. As ^b u ^d e in the course of the description specifically states occurs in drawing and spinning jets, but also in the main gas stream 18, which supplies the fibers to the right, π

as shown in FIG. 1, to form a mat 15 that is deposited on the perforated support carpet or perforated belt 26. On the upper branch of the perforated belt 26 is a suction chamber 27 connected to a schematically illustrated suction fan 28 to facilitate placing the fiber mat 25 on the perforated belt 26.

2 to 6: the main gas generators 15 and the secondary gas beam transmitters 20 are preferably mounted in a controllable manner relative to the schematically illustrated frame 29 so that the positions of the main gas stream 18 and the secondary gas beam can be aligned with each other. be changed vertically and preferably also from the beginning to the end of the main gas stream 18.

It can be seen, in particular in FIGS. 4 and 5, that the tube 16 constituting the main gas stream generator 15 has a sufficiently wide width and therefore has a large outlet opening 17. As shown in FIG. and located below the supply source 23, preferably also of considerable size in the direction perpendicular to the plane of FIG. 2, in order to supply a large number of openings 24 for the supply of a fiberising material, i.e. in the present case, glass.

2 and 3, each of the apertures 24 has a dispensing aperture 24a, and preferably an elongated lower well 24b located downstream of the dispensing aperture 24a. The wells 24b are preferably elongated in the plane of the center of the spinning station, i.e. in the plane comprising the opening 24 for the fiberising material, here glass, and the discharge opening 21 for the gas jet.

The gas jet discharge openings 21 are provided in the inclined front walls of the gas beam transmitters 20 supported by the support bars 30 which are supported on the frame 29 and extend along the length of the spinning tube 22. The support rods 30 also pass through the holes 31 provided in the mounting clamps 32 at each end of each of the gas beam transmitters 20 (see also FIG. 6) Also, the various gas beam transmitters 20, which in the illustrated embodiment are arranged in a number of four, may be moved to the right or left as shown in FIG. and 5.

The positions of the gas beam transmitters 29 on the support rods 30 are determined by the auxiliary rods 33, 34, 35 and 36, each of which is threaded at one end to engage a threaded bore 37 in one of the clamps 32 of the gas beam transmitters 211, These threaded holes 37 are shown in Fig. 6. At its end 38, each of the rods 33 to 36 is located on a bearing that fixes its axial position and is provided with a recess by which it can be rotated to move the respective transmitter 20 and controlling its position in the lateral direction. This makes it possible to regulate the relative positions of the gas discharge ports 21 with respect to the glass supply ports 24, in particular in order to compensate for the differences in thermal expansion. The distribution of the gas jet discharge apertures 21 between the several gas beam transmitters 20 allows the apertures 21 to align correctly with the glass inlet apertures 24 on lines parallel to the flow of the main gas stream 18. The alignment may not be perfect, but this is acceptable in which the glass strands are supplied in the quasilaminar zones comprised between the gas jet swirls, namely the zones designated 44b in FIG. 7. As mentioned above, the supply of the glass strands to these zones 44b automatically compensates for slight inaccuracies in the relative positions of the glass apertures; gas rays.

Each of the gas beam transmitters 20 is connected by two flexible joints 39 to the gas supply tube of the liquid, which makes it possible to control their position independently of the position of the supply tube 19.

As indicated above, the invention proposes that the gas jets discharged from the discharge orifices 21 be subjected to a deflection or conduction using a deflector 40 which cooperates with the gas jets to form a pair of counter-rotating vortices used at least for primary spinning but also for introducing strands partially spinned or In order to form pairs of counter-rotating vortexes of the gas jets, the invention proposes the use of a deflector 40, for example in the form of a deflection plate, which is associated and common to the plurality of gas jet discharge ports 21. When the gas beams are divided into groups, each of which is associated with one gas beam transmitter 20, each of these transmitters 20 preferably comprises a deflection plate. 7 and 8, the deflector 40 preferably has the shape of a curved plate, one portion of which covers the gas beam transmitter 20 to which it is attached, and the other portion has a free edge 41 located in the flow path within the gas beams. and is preferably located along a line that intersects the axes of these spoke orifices 21 for spokes.

This position of the deflector 40 and its edge 41 causes each of the gas jets to strike the inside of the plate forming the deflector 40, causing the gas jets to expand. Fig. 7 shows the flow of four gas jets discharged from apertures a, b, d, c, each of which is shown to expand laterally as it approaches the edge 41 of the plate.

According to the invention, the gas jet discharge apertures 21 are sufficiently close to each other and the deflector 40 is positioned in such a way that, when expanded laterally, adjacent gas jets are adjacent to each other in the region of the plate edge 41. As shown in FIG. 7, adjacent gas jets are adjacent to each other as close as possible to the free edge 41 of the deflector 40 deflector plate. This implies the formation of pairs of counter-rotating vortices shown in FIG. 7 and assigned to each of the three gas pa sputters a, b c.

For the analysis of vortex vortex formation, reference is made in particular to vortices 42b and 43b associated with the gas jet coming from the aperture b. It can be seen that the apexes of these vortices are located substantially at the edge 41 of the deflector 40 deflection plate. wherein the gas jet adjoins adjacent gas jets emitted from apertures a and c during expansion, which gas jets also expand. The swirls 42b and 43b are counter-rotating, as schematically indicated in FIG. 10, and increase as they progress until they meet beyond the edge 41 of the deflector plate. These vortices 42b and 43b also have a forward-facing component.

Due to the distance between the peaks or points of vortex formation 42b and 43b and due to their gradual increase, a zone 44b that is substantially triangular is formed between the vortices and between the edge 41 of the deflection plate; this triangular zone 44b has a relatively low pressure and a considerable air inflow, but its flow nevertheless remains quasilaminar. It is in this zone 44b that a strand of molten glass or other fiberising material is introduced, and because of the laminar nature of the flow in this triangular zone 44b, the glass strand is not broken up into fragments but led in the form of a single strand to be spun into a region located between two vortices. 42b, 43b.

It should be noted again that the senses of rotation of the currents in vortices 42b and 43b are opposite, with vortex 42b rotating clockwise as shown in Figure 7, while vortex 43b rotating in the opposite direction. The streams in the two vortices 42b, 43b thus approach each other towards their upper portion and then flow downward in the direction of the center zone or laminar zone 44b.

For the pair of vortices 45a and 46a associated with the gas jet coming from the orifice a, the arrows of the rotation mentioned above were indicated by arrows. For the flow of the gas jet from the aperture, a cross-section at the front end of the laminar flow zone 44a has been shown, which is adjacent to a zone in which the two vortices begin to coalesce and blend when magnified, continuing as the gas jet progresses. Onward.

In Figure 7 it is also clearly seen that the flow of the gas jet coming from the orifice includes not only a pair of vortices 45a and 46a, but also a further pair of vortices 47a and 48a which have opposite rotational senses to each other, as shown in olbr. 7 and 10, but in this case the vortex 47a located on the left in FIG. 7 rotates in a counterclockwise direction, while the vortex 48a located on the right rotates in a clockwise direction. Such double vortex pairs, however, are generated by each of the gas jets and assigned to each of them. The origin of the formation of the lower pair of vortexes 47a and 48a is different from the origin of the upper pair of 45a and 46a, as will be explained below with reference to FIG. 8.

Referring to FIG. 7, it is also seen that as the flow progresses from the plane in which the vortices associated with the aperture a are shown, the four vortices tend to blend together and produce a less pronounced flow as shown by the cross-sectional area of the flow guided region 49c. The vortex movements decrease in intensity and the total flow, including the laminar flow of the central zone of the gas jet, mixes in the area indicated by 49c, whereupon the gas jet continues forward in the direction of the main gas flow 18.

In Fig. 7, for the sake of simplicity, a cross-section of the different portions of the gas jet flow is shown schematically. For example, in a zone located somewhat beyond their formation, the pairs of vortices formed in each of the gas jets seem somewhat distant from the pairs of vortices formed in each adjacent gas jet, while in fact these different vortices practically touch each other.

Fig. 8 shows a spinning section through the center, the origin of which corresponds to the discharge opening of the beam b in Fig. 7. It shows the vortex 43b as well as the laminar zone 44b. The lower pair of vortices is formed in the area located below the deflector 40, with FIG. 8 showing only the lower vortex 48b that is formed beyond the zone 44b. The rotation of the lower vortices is the result of the combined action of the gas jet on the inside of the deflector 40 and the introduced air jets that attach to the gas jet flow. This rotation does not seem to affect the fiber feed of the spinning material, since the direction of the upper vortex streams has a major effect on the spinning process from the time of the fiber feed, in the laminar zone and then in the gas stream forward beyond the vortex point.

Consequently, the shape of flow of the jet in the laminar zone and in the pairs of tornadoes, particularly in the upper pair of each group, introduction of the sliver S spinnable ma220772 rial for spinning center with a hole for the gas beam b the result that entrains ^{the p} arms of lammármm this ROOF ^d AC band. This introduces into the spring zone ^to hair dryers ACTIVE rychtostí umísténéto between the pairs of tornadoes and consequently draw the strands and 'spinning as shown in FIG. 7. The spinning and drawing takes place in the' zone of substantially ^dp OVI ^d ajícímu plane P indicated in this illustration. The action of the pairs of spiral vortices causes the elongated fiber to oscillate substantially in the plane of the plane - P, and for this reason 'spinning does not result in the' formed fibers being thrown on either side towards adjacent spokes.

In 'another process flow of the beam - vede- that pa ^p RSE ^to penetrate while unary ^- dtoužené fiber, the upper boundary of the main current 18 provided to this flow ^and preserve _je ^{l te d} foamy amount of kinetic - -'energy for - this - intrusion. - Then starts the ^d Ruhe ^Bd spinning ^{is running, -} that. 'in progress. according to the principles explained in detail in French Patent No. 2,223-318.

In -region intrusion - secondary -plynových - ^p and ^p rs ^ing "main - ^p l ^y new 'stream remain -18 and flow rate of each .plynového aprsku ^P T ^E is ^{S d of} foamy ^- concentrate ^of ny ^{and DE} into each of the gas jets' individually forming an interaction zone with the main gas stream 18. Referring to FIG. 7, a pair of counter-rotating vortices, designated TT, are formed in the interaction zone, creating currents causing additional fiber elongation during its formation. This fiber is then entrained by the combined flow. a gas jet and a main gas stream 18 to a suitable receiving means, for example a conveyor or a perforated belt 26. ...

FIG. 7 -a 8 lbylo indicated - - introducing air arrows oriented in the sense of flow - the jet, and it is seen that the air-is introduced into the zone -laminárního sousedídho with otoajem ^- otahylovací ^d English deflector 40 but also to the extent that which gas stream flows forward. To clarify the description of the device 1 of the process below will be given a &quot; allowed ^{d s} and ^b change ^{currency of} an extent which ^{e yp} odmínek PERATION ^p ^ wherein ^E zvtešť are captured.

Especially -if regards the mutual position of the outlet openings of the jets 21 and deflectors 40 are regulated so as to cause such an expansion of the jet, in neighboring ^p l ^{y P} new and ^P RS ^{It runs} with ^alkyl to abut substantially at edge 41 of the deflector 40. the US ořádání ^p shown in a R ^{b. 7,} on ^the tere ^{- P} atm that ^p Ocato ^alkyl no ^b on top of the upper pairs of tornadoes of the jet are placed at the edge 41 of the deflector plate 40th

Jets and the deflector plate 40 may be disposed in such a ^p йso ^b em ^{that p} and ^p rs ^{alkyl to} with ^b e ^p řnéhaj ^s mA tech lying practically in front of the hob or behind, but it is preferred that the mutual collision of neighboring the jets was at ^{d o} n ržov very blízto - this on ^{to Rai, j} n so far as this ^eventually and ^{DE No.} uslkute the maximum virus stability of the jet - and consequently the maximum stability of the laminar zone of the jet. In stability of laminar ^p asma is again ůtežitá ^{d p} ro stalbiHzování of ^{b and} SO CONTRARY TO system glass.

^BC nen absolute accuracy ^even at ^p r e ^{of BI,} and ^AK is advisable to consider the following facts:

If the point of impact of adjacent cross ^ply new ^p and ^p rsků is ^considerable Né model ^gives laziness front edge of the deflector plate 40, it becomes unstable belief, since ^P and ^{K to} inflame and ^also in ^freely r. with ^more than - on the edge of the board. Conversely, if the peaks are at or near the edge of the deflector plate 40, these vortices attach the gas jet to its edge in a stable position.

Jetliže -naopak adjacent - gas -paprsky meet In ^paragraph umfeténém- in ^considerable Né mod ^d álenosti 'front - - -odchylovací- plate edge detector ^-40, - is tvoření-. · Vortices' interference ^with the ESOs plate itself. . ..

It -can also - important - .For creation - a pair of upper - vortex - on the edge - 41- deflection .desky - deflector 40 to - this -okraj was placed in level ^by stéedov ^{é y} axis .ptynových ^p APRs ^ing or about the If ^ú rovnL ^- the edge 41 of the plate is slightly above decreases deviates ^toward and odpovtoajtorn from ^p -or may Úsobí ^{d to} about once vymtaet and in this ^-příp and ^DE is not formed - vortex. In contrast, if - the edge of the deflector ⁴ 0 ^- přfliš location ^- and low ^- include for example ^{a DP dd} OLN ^r M ohrančernm .plynového- - beam 'having vortex formation do not tend to' state - ^less pravtoelným ^- and beliefs ^- they are also ^- less organized.

Kd ^{characterized} vortex ^{y y} Her cheeks ^- in ^- mixture ^at zniv ^of j ^width ch conditions, i.e. when their - hill ^ly - - ^j show "attached" to ^- the edge of ^d e ^f le ^to the torus ^40, having: Records ^p SI ^- stability and ^- the ^{eventually de -} nejpravtéetoěj receives ^e ^ and ^f ^ un nejstabitoě ^to CE, regarding the supply of - glass - the source and the ^p zvtékňování asmuo described above plane P.

One of pnzrnvých ^{Prior ing} in VYN & cut is ^that it ^{enables the} production of VLA en whose Rumer ^{p y} varies in a very wide scale. Possible to once obtain ^the average ^of r is smaller than r ^p rum ^of fibers made in accordance to previously listed ^eh en ^d of francouzstáho at ^p. s ^p isu. The advantage particularly ^mine survival ^d ou ^{Y is N,} in climbing compared to the known process is the ability to produce fibers of a given diameter at unity power which is considerably higher. Unit power is "zvtékňovací výtoni" on the ^d en aperture or ^- on the ^d en pdvodní piece ^P ro PRIV ^d particularly ^Kn ovatelného material and ^p o ^d 'le ^y n and ^l Cutting M ^for this is ^d notkový performance achieved 150 kg per hole in 24 hours. Below ^either ou ^p a ^L San ^YH odnot ^{y -} that ^{of the} parameter and ^j TNE ^f and ^kt or ^y tytojto the ^p rovoznfch ^p o ^d 220 772 ditions in particular in connection with Figs. 11, 11a and 11b, and also concerning the corresponding information compiled ^d o ta ^b ule ^k ·

As noted above, · may be a first period .zvlákňování methods of use of ^{dl p} e ^P-frame than on hundred ^{hole hé} m period, even though possible to achieve fine fibers such as are fibers formed when three-uzi both periods leads to yet sufficiently fine fibers for certain · ^p and publications for, these fibers can be produced at relatively elevated unit output.

In connection with Figs. 11, 11a, 11b, and · with the information assembled in the following Tables sPectrum it should first be noted that representation ^of n ^s r ^s znýc ^{h Article} en ^{s sousΐavy,} especially ^E in FIG. 11, ^p rove ^d eno in a manner that explains ranges, dimensions and angles, but does not necessarily represent advantageous values in all ranges.

11 shows three cross-sections, FIG. 2 and 8, namely the main gas generator, the gas beam transmitter and the fiberising device. In each case, FIGS. 11, 11a, 11b contain symbols which represent certain dimensions and angles to which the tables below refer.

TABLE I

Spinner nozzle symbol value (mm) operating range

d _T 2 1 to 5 1t 1 1 to 5 ^I R 5 0 to 10 ^Ú R 2 1 to ⁵ DR 5 1 to 10 TABLE II Transmitting gas, beam and deflector symbol Value (mm, degrees) operating range

dj 2 0.5 to 4 lj 7 1 Yd near the lower end range about 3 to about 4 Id 4 2 to 10 ljD 0 ^ ^, degrees) —0.06 to +1 dj «JD 45 ³⁵ to ⁵⁵ OjB 10 0 to 45 ZjD 3 2 to 5 Ljd 3 ² to 5 o to ^d music ^{characterized} labeled ^p ro p O- nejmž ^{width part} edges boards located

^If y ou i ^d e mer ·? · - • ^Ex e ^d s ^t avuje value 'O' ^P oto ^h by the deflector plate for · laying on the axis of the jet, whereas · negative value corresponds to any position of the deflector above the axes of the spokes .

symbol

1b

TABLE III

Mainstream above ^h o ^d N ^and Ho note ^d (mm) operating range up to 20

^In addition ^to dimension ^of R ^u and úhto mentioned above that relate to the three main gear system, it should be noted there are other of certain relationships, and · the respective values are contained in the following table:

TABLE IV

The relative positions of the various devices symbol advantageous value (mm, degrees) operating range

^Z JF 8 3 and ¹⁵ ZjB 17 12 to 30 Xbj —5 —12 to +13 XjF. 5 3 to 8 «DB 45 35 to 55

With respect to the symbol Xbj, it should be noted that the negative values correspond to the case shown in Fig. 11, in which the outlet of the main gas discharge pipe is upstream of the secondary gas jet outlet, relative to the direction of propagation of the main gas stream.

As noted above, the invention proposes that the carrier or the secondary jets are spaced at sufficiently close, adjacent to one another such that, a pair ^of the MFF, and ^{here the} m ^ sekun RMM ptynovém beam. It is therefore possible to create as many fiber forming centers, what is desired, each center comprising an inlet for attenuable material and an associated gas paprseů and vzhtedem ^the sums ^Z e k ^moves ý secondary jet has on both sides ^and c ^h ascender at a different ^P and ^P rseů it is evidently a ^{row. er,} that the total number supplying attenuable material is required to add two jets T ^y wherein the two "additional" jets are positioned at both ends of the series of spokes.

The row of ports for supplying the injectable material may be replaced by a slot extending across the main gas stream. In this case, the cone springs and attenuable material produced after treatment with a slit ^or lease individual secondary jets. Here for the same ^{reasons for} the above I must be at the ends of rows of jets placed two additional jets.

Number Vol ákňovacíc ^{l d} s ^h ROOF Mure Dosal Nout · 150, but in the normal apparatus for fiberizing glass or similar thermoplastic material is adequate especially ^CN EDGINGPROFILE ^s tr ^y ska píívodntah contain 70 bits. ^{In TA} s ^te m ^p and H ^p e ^{d d} e for either ^{P R} E ^{is running} rt 72 ^{P e} rs ^Ku.

TRE ^b and noted that the ^{P dmin alkyl} operation of the ^{p dl} nátazu ev ^{y b} u ^d ou m ^of thread in function of various factors on the ^P and ^D of ^IKL according to the nature of material to be fiberized.

As mentioned above, the invention can be used for a wide range of fiberising materials; in the case of glass or other thermoplastic inorganic materials will spinneret temperature or openings for supplying attenuable material obviously changed after ^dL e DANETA zvtakňované of materiáhi ^h. Docile temperature range: ^from his e tažet between about 00 and l ^{4 18} 00 ° C. ^{b p} s of the glass composition will be interpreted spinneret temperature about 1480 ° C.

Unit above ^for CPC may he between ²⁰ and 150 kg per aperture per 24 hours, and the output from 50 to 80 kg per aperture per 24 hours are typical values.

There are also some important values relating to ^{ply s} new beam and htavrt ^ply new stream as indicated · in the tables below are used ^kd e n & ledujfcích symbols:

T = temperature

P = pressure

V = velocity p = density

Symbol

TABLE V

Gas jet

The preferred value ^{of p and} extent rovozn

P, (MPa) 0.25

Tj (° C) 20 ° C

^J V (m / s) 330

PjVj ² '(MPa) 0.21 to 4 and ^{1500 to} 200 to 900 0.8 to 3.5

TABLE VI

Main gas stream

Symbol

Advantageous value

Operating range

9500

1450

320

0.02

PB (Pa)

Tb (° C)

GB (m / s)

PBVB ² (MPa) to 250

1350 to 1800

200 to 550

0.06 to 0.5

Concerning the jet and the main gas ^p rou ^d is I ^to previously listed ^d eno for ^P Rav of the invention such that the deflected ^p l ^y new ^p and ^p rsek could ^b YT alone was used: ^P ro zvlákňovám certain ^{Mater profiles, nor b} y its action ^was a function kombráová.na main current. When taken main pl ^y new ^eh the prouáu and ^ply new ^eh o ^p aprsku has ptynový ^p and ^p RSE ^{for the direct} runaway ^p růřez ^m inor than ^p rWez ráavního ^ply new ^h on stream and penetrates into the main gas stream to produce the zone of interaction, in which the subsequent second period eventually spun ^ ^{p f} ou Ada ^dl measurement. To achieve ^this, a cell must MFT ^p l ^{p y} new APRS kmetíckou ^the energy per unit volume greater than this energy is in the main current, in the region where they cooperate. The gas beam can have a kinetic ou energh tvoibnou ^to 1.6- to 60násohkem energy of the main current ^{and the} holding ^d Nu ^p The advantage Omar ^{10 /} / 1, i.e. ^a:

From Table V it is clear that. ^The pitch and velocity selected for the secondary gas jet are much lower than these u. examples in the aforementioned French Pat. No. 2 223 3 ¹⁸ j and ^k lo already ^would emphasize no. For example in this ^p Atentát the secondary jet is used to create a zone of interaction with the main gas ^P Roudou te ^pl OTE ⁸⁰⁰ ° C and has rychksl: 580 m / ^ while ráavní gas ^p rou ^d is at a temperature of 1580 ° C and a speed between 224 and 283 m / s. The values of temperature and speed of the secondary ^p l ^{y newly} him ^P and ^{P p} are rsku ccording tabulky- in considerably lower but nonetheless allows to reach ^a r per unit otyemu ratio ^of r ^g of kinetic energy IE ^P o ^P ro ^tr ebný zajtétení penetrating into main gas stream. Indeed, when the TE ^{P eh} lota new ^ply of ^P and ^P RS in ^the precipitates and obtained, for example ^H-caliber odnoty than 100 ° C or iblízké ambient temperature increases. parallel gas density, which allows even when using ^{lower level of} C n ^H rycráo ^t-STI receives ^under a given level of kinetic ^Ké ener te ^g per unit volume. It can even .pracovat with gas ^{characterized} pa ^{p to} rs ^em, which is rycráost you ^SSI rate than the main current.

Advantages of ^PU uptake in ^E using secondary pl ^y new ^P and ^P RS ^to US ^P om RNE ráztou ^of temperature are extremely significant ^Pla EVS ^{d d} m ^p ro- temperature below 100 ° C it is possible to use common compressed air source for supplying ^ply nov ^eh of ^p and ^p rs ^to u. ^{You must} also possible for the device will sense the ^ply vypouštějfcí new ray using conventional materials such as stainless steel ICI ^j, mfete materiráů number & tejšfch or more expensive, which is needed for high temperatures.

For sekundárrá ^ply new pa ^p RSE ^to ráztou temperature with problems of thermal deformation or thermal expansion ^brand them may be reduced or even the side ^{of d} b ^y and you ^to the danger of oxidation is reduced. Besides, it allows U is ^Zn, and ^the device with the spinneret mnohanásobnými center ^{y and} b ^y L ^j from the new ^ply ednoho ^h of ^P and ^{P to} R ^e in the second temperature is maintained uniform.

Use of the jet at lower temperatures is particularly advantageous for a device provided with a de le ^{f kt Orem,} j and ^k above ^and Lo ^would pop ^with yes. Indeed, when the position of the deflector lbyla determined and stabilized in the ^U or in the ^Y force ^{or p} l ^y new computer ^{h PAP} rsků allows easier udraovat ^The accuracy dimensional characteristics of the deflector and of its position ^teaches you ^p ou ^sterling ec ^r M hole ^of m ^p l ^y new rays .

^The ROM ^of te ^h o Dusla ^dk u ^after taking ^p l ^{y newly} him paprs ^the USN ^{lower level of} temperature can VLA ^k to easily convert end spinning in relatively cool, and she - property is very ^{Importan LE} i ^th reasons ^kt ER ^They have already ^been explained in the aforementioned French patent.

Furthermore, - the possibility of using ordinary compressed air at a temperature lower than 100 ^C Celsius temperature at or near adjacent removes energy which would be required for. heating the beam. This air is also more economical than high temperature fluids such as the exhaust gases are ^to be burned ack n ^{u ply} or steam.

Even ^when the F tebráce ^{V p} te lota secondary jet near ambient temperature, it is obvious that not necessarily be so low. Generally, the jet will have preferably a melting away her ^ C than the softening bo ^d thermo ^pl of astíck ^{eh eh} Vol ^la kňovan of materi ^l u; ^or in ^KL and ^DE and no ^{b -p} o ^d olbných ^- mineral-materiráů thee ^P lota chosen with advantage ^greater than rážš ^{From 200} ° C being especially FSM ^d n ^a temperature lower than 100 ° C.

Example

In an apparatus having 70 spinning centers of the type shown in Figures 1 to 6, glass having the following composition by weight is spun:

oxi ^d křemičhý sieve 63.00% ferric oxide FezOí 0.30% Al2O3 2.95% CaO 7.35% MgO 3.10% sodium oxide NaaO 14.10% potassium oxide K2O 0.80% lboritý oxide B2O3 ^5, 9 ^0% BaO 2.50%

The temperature of the spinneret is about 1500 ° C and the temperatures of the gas jets and the main gas stream are of the order of 20 ° C, respectively. 1500 ° C. The ratio of the kinetic energy per unit volume of the jet to the kinetic energy of the main plynového- current has a value of approximately 10 and operates with a unit power of 55 to ^g per aperture per ^{24 h} in the ^{y d.} The average diameter of the resulting fibers at a spinning two periods under these conditions ^from non Riblah ^{p 6} micrometers

Claims (13)

CLAIMS 1. A method for producing fibers from a spinnable material in which continuous strands of spinnable material are formed, which are spun by gas streams into which the strands of spinnable material are allowed to penetrate, characterized in that a series of gas jets spaced laterally from each other is formed. each of which is modified by a deflector located on their path, and the lateral span of each modified gas jet is limited by impact on adjacent gas jets, thereby forming at least one pair of counter-rotating vortices delimiting the low pressure zone and a strand of spinnable material In the spinning state, it is fed to each gas jet to a zone located between the counter-rotating vortices of the gas jet. 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the gas jets are discharged in directions substantially parallel and in the same plane. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the deflector is a planar surface positioned obliquely to the gas jet path. 4. A method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a main gas stream having a larger dimension but a kinetic energy per volume unit less than the kinetic energy of each gas beam is directed across the modified gas jet so that the modified gas jets can penetrating into the main gas stream, wherein the spunbonded material strands are introduced into the gas jets prior to their penetration into the main gas stream. 5. The method of claim 4, wherein the ratio of the kinetic energy per unit volume of the gas jet to the kinetic energy per unit volume of the main gas jet is between 1.6 and 60. 6. The method of claim 4, wherein the main gas stream is directed along a path substantially horizontal and positioned above the gas streams, wherein the gas streams deflected in the direction of the main gas stream are emitted above the strands of fiberized material relative to their flow direction. and the strands of spinnable material are supplied by weight to the deflected gas jets. VYNALEZU 7. The method of claim 6, wherein the gas streams are modified at a distance from the upper limit of the main gas stream, and that the strands of spinnable material are introduced into the gas streams near the point of modification. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to any one of the preceding items, comprising a source of fiberised material, at least one aperture for forming the strands, and at least one gas beam transmitter having an outlet aperture, characterized in that it comprises a deflector (40) introduced at least partially into the path of the gas jet (s) between their discharge orifices (21) and the zone (44b) in which the gas jets come into contact with the strands (S) of the spinnable material located at the forward end of the deflector (40) and to which, in relation to the direction of flow of the gas jet, an aperture (24) is provided for the supply of a fiberising material. Device according to Claim 8, characterized in that the axes of the discharge openings (21) of the gas beam transmitter (20) are substantially parallel and in the same plane. Apparatus according to Claim 9, characterized in that the gas jet deflector (40) is formed by a deflection plate which forms an angle in the range of 35 ° to 55 ° with the axis of the discharge openings (21). Device according to claim 10, characterized in that the deflector plate forming the deflector (40) is mounted on the gas beam transmitter (20) and has a free edge (41) adjacent the axes of the gas discharge openings (21) and across these. drain holes (21). Device according to any one of claims 8 to 11, comprising a main gas generator, characterized in that the main gas generator (15, 16) is spaced from the fiberising material supply source (23) and the transmitter (23). 20) and has an outlet orifice (17) having a larger dimension than that of the gas orifice (21), the axis of said outlet orifice (17) being directed transverse to the flow direction of the deflected gas jets. Apparatus according to claim 12, characterized in that the openings (24) for the supply of the spinning material are located downstream of the gas jet discharge openings (21) in relation to the flow direction of the main gas stream (18).