CS219829B1 - Electrolyte to sharpen sharp cutting tools - Google Patents

Abstract

The subject of the invention is an electrolyte for sharpening sharp cutting tools, e.g. scalpels, which is applicable to various types of steel and blades. The electrolyte consists of a strong inorganic acid, chromium oxide and chromium trioxide, with 1 liter of electrolyte containing 500 to 950 ml of strong inorganic acid, 50 to 350 g of chromium oxide, 30 to 350 g of chromium trioxide and 10 to 300 ml of water.

Description

The invention relates to an electrolyte for sharpening sharp cutting tools, eg scalpel, which is applicable to different types of steels and blades.

So far, electrolytes have hardly been used to sharpen sharp cutting tools. Only electrolytes used for polishing are known. However, the blade quality is insufficient in such cases.

Therefore, a suitable method of sharpening sharp cutting tools was sought, which would allow different types of steel and blades to be sharpened. It has now been found that electrolytes consisting of three basic components can be used for this purpose:

(a) strong inorganic acids, bj the polishing component and cj the component which constitutes the blade structure.

The components b) and cj form a finite blade structure.

With a higher content of the polishing component, it produces a finer structure, which is suitable for blades with a small cutting edge angle.

On the other hand, the relatively higher content of component c) forms a coarse srtucture suitable for a blade with a larger cutting edge angle.

These electrodes are also applicable to steels with high titanium content, which cannot be sharpened mechanically at all.

The invention therefore provides an electrolyte for sharpening sharp cutting tools comprising a strong inorganic acid, chromium oxide and chromium trioxide, wherein 1 liter of electrolyte contains 500 to 950 ml of strong inorganic acid, 50 to 350 g of chromium oxide, up to 350 g of chromium trioxide and 10 to 300 ml of water.

In particular, orthophosphoric acid and sulfuric acid can be used as strong inorganic acids.

A strong inorganic acid, such as orthophosphoric acid or sulfuric acid, forms the essential reactive element of the electrolyte. During the electrolytic process, chromium trioxide forms in the depressions of the material to be treated a sparingly soluble compound which prevents the material from being etched at these points. The process known from the operation of the polishing baths is used here. Chromium trioxide forms more readily soluble trivalent compounds. Due to the inhomogeneity of the film that forms on the tool surface, non-uniform etching of the surfaces and cutting edges results in a suitable structure for the tool cutting edge.

When sharpening (as opposed to polishing) with an electrolyte, the electrode voltage and bath temperature must be maintained with much greater accuracy. The equipment used therefore requires a relatively accurate voltage and temperature stabilizer.

The sharpened tool is connected to the + pole of the source. The second electrode must have a surface substantially larger (10 to 20 times J) than the surface of the tool to be machined and connected to the - pole of the source.

The following examples illustrate the invention but do not limit it:

Example 1

Electrolyte composition for scalpel sharpening (applicable to all types of steels used):

sulfuric acid 200 g phosphoric acid 500 g chromium trioxide 150 g chromium trioxide 100 g

Make up to an electrolyte density of 1.62 to 1.65.

Electrolysis conditions:

Tension:

focus 4.5 V + 0.1 V pulling out the blade 6 to 7 V temperature: 55 + 3 ° C electric current: 1 to 2 A. cm ^-2 (not set) Focus time: 30 seconds

Capacity: 300 to 400 scalpels per liter of electrolyte.

Pulling the blade out depends on the blade thickness and the degree of blade damage.

Example 2

Electrolyte composition for sharpening titanium steel tools:

sulfuric acid 200 phosphoric acid 450 chromium oxide 160 chromium trioxide 140

add water up to an electrolyte density of 1.6 to 1.65.

Electrolytic focusing conditions: Voltage: 4V + 0.1 V for blade extraction: 7 V Temperature: 60 + 3 ° C Electric current: 1 to 2 A. cm ² (not adjustable)

Capacity: as in Example 1.

By using the electrolytes according to the invention, costly equipment is saved, laboriousness is reduced, a significantly better cutting edge is achieved and the material loss, for example with scalpels, is two to three times smaller. The number of sharpening can be increased several times.

Claims (1)

SUBJECT Electrolyte for sharpening sharp cutting tools, characterized in that it consists of strong inorganic acid, chromium oxide and chromium oxide, OF THE INVENTION 1 liter of electrolyte contains 500 to 950 ml of strong inorganic acid, 50 to 350 g of chromium trioxide, 30 to 350 g of chromium trioxide and 10 to 300 ml of water.