CS217623B1 - Method of and apparatus for manufacturing agglomerated products - Google Patents

Description

217023

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a process for the production of agglomerated products, in particular a cementitious product, in the annular and shaft forming of a material layer and to a continuous material feed, as well as to a device for carrying out this process consisting of a shaft or polygonal cross-sectional shaft and directly downstream of it cooler, operating intermittently. The production of agglomerated products in shaft furnaces is known. These shaft furnaces are usually circular or polygonal. The shaft furnaces are filled with granular or piece material and are heated with a variety of fuels. The shaft furnaces are filled with material continuously, and just as smoothly progresses through the material-agglomeration zone of the shaft furnace to the outlet of the agglomerated material into the cooling zone or into a separate cooler.

The heated cooling air from the cooling belt or from the cooler is fed to the agglomeration zone as combustion air.

The poured material is dried in the preheating belt and preheated by the combustion gases. In the combustion zone, the material softens, expels gases and reduces its volume. In the central region of the shaft furnace, the particles of material are sintered into a dense agglomerated piece. By shrinking the material, a layer of material is formed in the marginal area of the shaft furnace, which is readily permeable to gas. The sintered agglomerated piece and the unevenly fired material particles in the shaft furnace circulation are evenly moved through the agglomeration and cooling zone without being rolled over.

This produces an agglomerated product of uneven quality.

These operating conditions limit the dimensions of the known shaft furnaces, for example about 2.5 m, with a throughput of about 150 tons per day. It is an object of the present invention to eliminate the existing shortcomings, to increase the size and the passage of the shaft furnace and at the same time to measure the quality of the agglomerated product. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to prevent the formation of a sintered block in an agglomeration zone and to ensure a uniform distribution of the combustion air resistance in the agglomeration zone as well as in the cooling zone.

The above drawbacks are avoided by the process of producing agglomerated products, in particular cement clinker, in the annular and shaft-like formation of the material layer and the continuous feed of the material according to the invention, the principle being that the material is discharged intermittently, the material being contained in individual sections, arranged one after the other in a circle, is cooled in succession by these sections and removed by vertical movement of the material layer over the individual sections. Furthermore, the object is also achieved by providing a method for carrying out this process, consisting of a shaft furnace, circular or polygonal section and directly inserted by a shaft cooler operating intermittently according to the invention, the principle of which is that the shaft furnace is provided with a central column with a head, which, together with the central column and the side wall of the shaft furnace, defines a space for the annular layer of material, wherein the air-permeable sectional grid plates are anchored in the side wall of the shaft furnace.

According to the invention, the device can be designed in such a way that the sectional gratings are anchored at the largest diameter of the central column head which is rotatable and inclined in the direction of the central column with the head, the bottom of the shaft furnace it is formed by a rotatably adjustable dial provided with openings for entering the ring material layer into a shaft cooler, the bottom of which is divided into individual segments, over which individual sections are provided, is formed by solid air-permeable grate plates which are inclined towards the periphery of the lining of the shaft cooler.

Another embodiment of the device according to the invention can be designed so that the sectional grate plates of the shaft furnace are provided with the smallest diameter of the central column head and are inclined towards the circumference of the shaft, wherein a passage for the annular layer is formed between the lower edge of the sectional grate plates and the side wall of the shaft furnace material to the shaft cooler, closable, optionally openable, for each individual section separately by means of adjusting flaps operable to discharge individual sections.

In order to facilitate the movement of the sintered material, according to the invention, the central column is tapered at the same diameter in the direction of the lower end of the shaft furnace. Advantages of the invention are that, by forming a shaft furnace with a sectional chiller, a relatively narrow elongated agglomeration bed is formed in the shaft furnace with high throughput of the material. The controlled continuous removal of the material from the individual sections of the shaft cooler, which is inserted into the ring by the recess, creates a material-vertical movement in the layer, thus breaking the sintered material and breaking it, so that no monolithic sintered block can be formed. In this way, even distribution of the jet air is evenly distributed.

All this makes it possible to build shaft agglomeration furnaces with a diameter greater than 2.5 m, to increase the throughput of the material and to achieve a more uniform product quality. Exemplary devices constructed according to the invention are shown in the drawing where FIG. 1 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of a shaft furnace, in FIG. 2 a longitudinal section through another embodiment of a shaft furnace and FIG. 3 a detail of a bent agglomeration bed.

Claims (5)

5 217823 The shaft furnace 1 shown in FIG. 1 is a circular cross section. It is formed by a cylindrical sidewall 3 which is formed centrally around a central column. Above the shaft furnace 1, a continuously filling arm, which feeds the material to be agglomerated into the shaft furnace 1, rings. In the upper part of the sidewall 3 an inner conical ramp is formed corresponding to the gradual shrinkage of the material. A head 2 is mounted on the top of the central column and rotates in the same direction as the filler. Head 2 widens downward, whereupon its diameter narrows sharply. The narrow part of the head 2 extends downwardly to the cylindrical central column. Sectional grate plates 6, pervious to air, are suspended at the height of the largest diameter of the head 2 in the side wall 3 of the shaft furnace 1. They are inclined towards the central column. The bottom of the furnace 1 is formed by a rotatable adjuster 8 whose rotation can be controlled. In the turntable 8, an opening is formed for the passage of material into the shaft cooler 5. An annular layer 4 of material is formed between the side wall 3 and the head 2, or the central column. First, it taperes downward in the direction of the shooter, which is in line with the shrinkage of the inserted material. Then it widens, making it easier to break up the sintering block. Further, the annular layer 4 is tapered in the direction of the obliquely arranged sectional grate 6 and is supported on a rotatably adjustable dial 8, from which the shaft cooler S gradually passes through the opening. Other embodiments shown in FIG. that the bottom of the shaft furnace 1 is formed by a ring of adjusting flaps 7. The head 2 is at the same time rigid, non-rotating. The sectional grate plates 6 are suspended at the narrowest bottom point of the head 2 and inclined towards the side wall 3 of the shaft furnace 1. The adjustment flaps 7 can be opened and closed individually. In Fig. 3, the side flaps 7a, 7e are closed, the middle flaps 7c are fully open and the remaining flaps 7b, 7d are ajar. The device according to the invention operates according to the method of the invention as follows: A suitable device, in the example shown, is a filling arm, extending the material to be agglomerated over the surface of the annular layer 4, where it is first dried and preheated. The combustion air is preheated in the shaft cooler 5 and penetrates into the annular layer 4 through the sectional grate plates 6, in countercurrent to the movement of the material. The fuel is supplied either dispersed evenly in the material to be agglomerated or by means of burners. In the zone of the shaft furnace 1, where the temperature is appropriate, the fuel fires. By controlled discontinuous discharge of the material from the annular layer 4 into the shaft cooler S, hollow funnel spaces are formed in the annular layer 4 in the lower portion thereof, which are filled by the material sinking through the higher positions. In this case, the material in the annular layer 4 is rolled, stirred, the large sintered pieces breaking. This increases the uniformity of the flue gas passage, the thermal mode and thus the agglomerate quality. OBJECT CLAIMS 1. A process for producing agglomerated products, in particular cement clinker, in an annular and shaft-forming material layer and a continuous material feed, characterized in that the material is discharged intermittently, wherein the material present in the material is discharged. in the individual sections, arranged in a circle, they are cooled sequentially over these sections and removed vertically through the sections of the material. 2. Apparatus for carrying out the process according to claim 1, comprising a shaft furnace of circular or polygonal cross-section and a shaft cooler arranged therein, operating in a discontinuous manner, characterized in that the shaft furnace (1) is provided with a central column with a head [ 2], which, together with the center column and the side wall (3) of the shaft (1), defines a space for the annular layer (4) of the shaft, and within the shaft furnace (11) there are sectional grid plates (6) permeable to air. 3. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the sectional grate plates (6) are anchored in the side wall (3) of the shaft furnace (1) in the height of the largest diameter of the head (2) and inclined in the direction of the central column with the head (2). the furnace (1j is formed by a rotatable plate (8) provided with openings for entering the annular layer (4j of the material into the shaft cooler (5), the bottom of which is divided into individual segments above which individual sections are provided which are formed rigid air permeable grate plates which are inclined towards the periphery of the lining of the shaft cooler (5J). 4. Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the sectional grate plates (6) of the shaft (1) are arranged at the smallest diameter of the head (2j of the central column and are inclined to the periphery of the shaft furnace (1), and between the lower edge of the sectional plates (6) and a lateral wall (3) of the shaft furnace (1j, a passageway is formed through the annular layer (4) of the take-off cooler material (5J, closable or openable for each individual 7 8217623 section separately by actuating flaps (7) controllable for emptying individual sections). 5. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the central column with the head (2) is tapered in the direction towards the lower end of the shaft furnace (1 sheet of drawings).