CS215324B1

CS215324B1 - Device for axial locking of the universal joint center

Info

Publication number: CS215324B1
Application number: CS738280A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Dusan Turansky
Original assignee: Dusan Turansky
Priority date: 1980-11-03
Filing date: 1980-11-03
Publication date: 1982-08-27

Abstract

Vynález rieši usporiadanie zariadenia pre aretáciu středu univerzálneho kuiisoveno kíbu typu tripod. Podstatou vynálezu je, že aretačný čap, ktorý je pevne spojený s objímkou klbu, nesie na svojom kanci strediaci prvok uložený v dutině, ktorá je vytvořená v hriadeli. Aretačný čap je do objímky votknutý v medzere medzi dvomi jej drážkami a do dutiny hriadela zasahuje otvorom medzi dvomi čaipmi trojčapovej hviezdice ,hriadeía. Aretačný čap pomocou strediaceho prvku, stpolupracujúceho s dutinou hriadela, zaisťuje stálu polohu středu klbu a zachytává axiálně za- ťažeinie hriadela. Vynález može byť využitý, v odbore dopravných strojov, najma je vhodný pre použitie v klbových hriadeloch nezávisle zavěšených kolies aUtomobilov. Vynález charakterizuje v objímke (7) klbu pevne uchytený aretačný čap (9) .nesúci strediaci prvok (12), ktorý je uložený v dutině (3) vnú- torného hriadela (1) klbu.The invention solves the arrangement of a device for locking the center of a universal joint of the tripod type. The essence of the invention is that the locking pin, which is firmly connected to the joint sleeve, carries on its shank a centering element placed in a cavity formed in the shaft. The locking pin is inserted into the sleeve in the gap between its two grooves and extends into the shaft cavity through the opening between the two pins of the three-pin star of the shaft. The locking pin, by means of a centering element cooperating with the shaft cavity, ensures a constant position of the joint center and absorbs the axial load of the shaft. The invention can be used in the field of transport machines, in particular it is suitable for use in cardan shafts of independently suspended wheels and automobiles. The invention is characterized by a locking pin (9) firmly attached in the sleeve (7) of the joint, carrying a centering element (12), which is placed in the cavity (3) of the inner shaft (1) of the joint.

Description

22

Vynález sa týká zariadenia pře axiálnu aretá-ciu středu univerzálneho kíbu v smere osi hria-dela, ktorý je s klbom spojený a rieši také uspo-riadanie aretáele, ktoré je vhodné najma pre ku-lisový kíb typu tripod s trojčapovou hviezdi-cou, usporiadanou na hriadeli.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The invention relates to a device for axially locking the center of a universal joint in the direction of the shaft axis, which is connected to the joint and solves such an arrangement of the detent which is suitable in particular for a tripod-shaped cleft joint with a three-pointed star. on the shaft.

Doteraz známe vyhotovenia aretácie středuuniverzálneho kíbu, ktoré sú používané napří-klad v klboch hiriadelov kolies automobilovs univerzálnymi kulisovými kíbml tripod, pozo-stávajú z pružného dorazu a pružiny, ktorá býváumiestneiná obvykle na jednom konci hriadela,kým na druhom konci je pružný doraz. Pružinatiež bývá umiestnená při tom istom kíbe, v kto-rom je pružný doraz. Kíb s uvedeným axiálnymodpružením má na hriadeli vytvořená trojčapo-vú hviezdicu, ktorá nesie na každom čapě rolňus gulovým povrchom. Druhů část kíbu tvoří ob-jímka, v ktorej sú vytvořené tri drážky pre po-hyb rolní. Axiálně odpruženie zabezpečuje při-bližné stálu axiálnu polohu středu jednej hviez-dice voči objímke jedného kíbu. Nevýhodou ta-kého riešenia je, že nie je obvykle možné vytvo-rlť v danom priestore taká pružinu, dotláčajúcuhriadel na pružný doraz v jednom kíbe, ktoráby svojou silou pri požadavanom pracovnomzdvihu zaistila bezpečná aretáoiu, najma v pří-pade, keď zvačšenie dížky kíbového hriadela,ktarú vyvolá prepérovanie kolesa ním poháňa-ného, prebleha pri přenose krútiaceho momentu.V dosledku nedostatečného silového účinku pru-žiny dochádza k rozkmitávaniu hriadela a k ne-žiadúcemu styku rolne alebo inej časti kíbus tvrdým dorazom, čo bývá zdrojom nepříjem-ného hluku a zvýšeného namáhania. Ďalej súznáme zariadenia určené pre aretáciu středukíbu usporiadaného tak, že trojčapová hviezdica,ktorá nesie rolne, je pevne spojená s objímkoukíbu na svojom obvode a na hriadeli sú v roz-šířených hlavách vytvořené drážky pre pohybrolní. Střed hviezdice má tvar gulového čapu,o ktorý sa pružné oplera lůžko vytvořené v čelehriadela. Hriadel je k středu hviezdice pritlá-čaný pružnou příchytkou, ktorá sa o strediacugulu oplera z opačnej strany ako lůžko. Příchyt-ka má na obvode vytvořené tri pružné ramlen-ka, ktorým je spojená s hriadelom. Nevýhodoutakého riešenia je nemožnost jeho použltia pretaké usporiadanie kíbu, ked hviezdica je častouhriadela a tiež nedokonalost, ktorá sposobujepřídavné zaťaženie kíbu tým, že kladie odporzmene polohy středu hviezdice v radiálnomsmeire, ktorá vyplývá z principu činnosti kuliso-vého kíbu tripod pri jeho výkyve. Nevýhodou jetiež ob tiažna montáž a konštrukčná 1 výrobnázložitosť. . Uvedené nevýhody sú odstraněné zariadenímpro axiálnu aretáciu středu univerzálneho kíbupódia vynálezu, kterého podstatou je, že are-tačný čap, ktorý je pevine uchytený v objímkekíbu, nesie strediaci prvok vložený do dutiny,vytvořené] vo vnútornom hriadeli kíbu. Aretačnýčap je vytvořený ako nosník vo tknutý do objím-ky v medzere medzi dvomi drážkami pre rolne. V mieste votknutia je aretačný č,ap opatřený zá-vitom. Je tu tiež možné použit nalisovaný spoj.Strediaci · prvok je vytvořený z pružnej hmoty,v tvare gule a na aretačný čap je fixovaný ná-kružkom, zapadajúcim do zápichu aretačnéhočapu. Alternativně může byť strediaci prvok fi-xovaný v gulovej dutině vnútorného hriadela. V tom případe je opatřený otvorom, v ktorom jevložený aretačný čap svojim koncom rovnobež-níkového prierezu. V inej alternativě je strediaciprvok opatřený vnútornou gulovou plochou, kto-rou je nasadený na gulu aretačného čapu. Du-tina vytvořená vo vnútornom hriadeli kíbu jeotvorená do medzery medzi dvomi čapmi troj-čapovej hviezdice na konci vnútorného hriadelakíbu.So far known central locking devices of the universal joint, which are used, for example, in the wheel hubs of automobile wheels with universal wing joints of the tripod, consist of a resilient stop and a spring which is usually located at one end of the shaft, while at the other end a resilient stop is provided. The spring is located at the same joint in which the stop is elastic. The joint with said axial suspension has a triangular star formed on the shaft, which bears a ball surface on each pin. The second part of the joint is formed by a receptacle in which three grooves are formed for the rolling movement. The axially cushioning provides an approximately constant axial position of the center of one star relative to the sleeve of one joint. A disadvantage of such a solution is that it is usually not possible to create such a spring in a given space, forcing the heating elements onto a flexible stop in one joint, which, in the case of the required working lift, ensures a secure arrest, especially in the case where the bucket shaft length is increased The result of insufficient force effect of the spring causes the shaft to oscillate and the unwanted contact of the roller or other part of the bus with a hard stop, which is a source of unpleasant noise and increased noise. stress. In addition, devices designed to lock the center gear arranged such that the three-pointed star-carrying star is rigidly coupled to the sleeve on its periphery and grooves are provided on the shaft in the expanded heads for movement. The center of the star has the shape of a spherical pin by which the elastic bed is formed in the jaw. The shaft is at the center of the star, pressed by a resilient clip, which is about the center of the star as opposed to the bed. The clip has three resilient arms on its periphery, which are connected to the shaft. A disadvantageous solution is the impossibility of using it in a hinge arrangement when the star is a part-shunt and also an imperfection that causes additional load on the joint by resisting the position of the center of the star in the radial direction resulting from the principle of operation of the triple joint during its oscillation. The disadvantage is also the difficult assembly and constructional complexity. . The above drawbacks are eliminated by the axial locking device of the center of the universal embodiment of the invention, the principle of which is that the locking pin, which is fixed in the sleeve, carries the centering element inserted into the cavity formed in the inner shaft of the joint. The locking pin is formed as a girder in the sleeve in the gap between the two roll grooves. The locking point is provided at the point of contact. It is also possible to use a crimped joint. The crimping element is formed from a resilient mass, ball-shaped and fixed to the locking pin by a collar engaging the recess of the locking pin. Alternatively, the centering element may be fixed in the spherical cavity of the inner shaft. In this case, it is provided with an aperture in which the arrested locking pin is its end of the parallelogram. In another alternative, the center element is provided with an inner spherical surface that is attached to the locking pin. The core formed in the inner shaft of the joint is formed into a gap between two pins of the three-pin star at the end of the inner shaft.

Usporiadanie zariadenia pre aretáciu středuuniverzálneho kíbu podlá vynálezu umožňujedosiahmuť v smere osi stélu polohu středu troj-čapovej hviezdice, vytvorenej na vnútornomhriadeli, voči objímke kíbu, pričom je výhodné,že nekladie odpor nutnému radiálnemu pohybustředu hviezdice. Tento pohyb je možný bez pří-davných silových účimkov na aretačné zariade-nie a súěiaatky kíbu. Uvedené zariadenie tiežodstraňuje axiálmy mikropohyb vnútorného hria-dela, ktorý sa vyskytuje u doteraz známých vy-hotovení při práci zalomeného kíbu. Tým sa od-straňuje axiálně vysokofrekvenčně kmitaniavnútorného hriadela, čím sa zníži hlučnost kíbuv prevádzke, jeho súčiastky sú menej namáhanéa piredlžuje sa ich životnost. Uvedené usporia-dainie ďalej zjednodušuje výrobu jednotlivýchčastí aretačného zariadenia i samotného kíbu avelmi zjednodušuje, ulehčuje a zrýchluje mon-táž kíbu.The arrangement of the device for arresting the central universal joint according to the invention allows the center of the three-pointed star formed on the inner shaft to be positioned in the direction of the axis of the shaft relative to the joint sleeve, it being preferred that it does not impose the necessary radial movement of the star point. This movement is possible without additional force on the locking device and the joint. Said device also removes the axial micro-movement of the inner shaft, which occurs in prior art knuckle joints. As a result, the axially high frequency oscillation shaft is removed, thereby reducing the noise of the joint operation, its components being less stressed and reducing their service life. Said arrangement further simplifies the production of the individual components of the locking device and the joint itself, and greatly simplifies, facilitates and accelerates the assembly of the joint.

Na pripojenom výkrese je znázorněný příkladvyhotovenia zariadenia pre axiálnu aretáciustředu univerzálneho kíbu podlá vynálezu, kdena obr. 1 je zobrazený rez klbom tripod so za-riiadenim pre aretáciu jeho středu, kde je uná-šač zvarený s objímkou kíbu do jedného celku.Na obr. 2 a 3 sú znázorněné alternativně vyhoto-venia strediaceho prvku, dutiny vnútornéhohriadela a zakončením aretačného čapu.In the accompanying drawing, an example of an embodiment of an axial arresting device of the universal joint according to the invention is shown, in which Fig. 1 shows a section of a tripod with a device for arresting its center, where the carrier is welded to the joint sleeve in one piece. and 3 alternatively illustrate the arrangement of the centering element, the inner shaft cavity and the end of the locking pin.

Podlá obr. 1 je ina konci vnútorného hriadela1 kíbu vytvořená hviezdica pozostávajúca z trochčapov 2, na ktorých sú pomocou ihlových valče-kov 4 uložené rolne 5. To je jedna část kíbu.Druhá část kíbu tvoří objímka 7, v tomto pří-pade zvarená s unášačom 8 do jedného celku. V objímke 7 sú vytvořené tri drážky 6, v ktorýchsa pohybujú rolne 5. V medzere medzi dvomidrážkami 6 je k objímke 7 pevne připojený are-tačný čap 9. V mieste votknutia je opatřený zá-yitom 10. Alternativně může byť aretačný čap 9v objímke 7 nalisovaný. Vo vnútornom hria-deli 1 kíbu je vytvořená dutina 3, ktoráje otvorená do medzery medzi dvomi čap-mi 2 hviezdice. V dutině 3 , je uloženýstrediaci prvok 12, nesený aretač-ným čapom 9.Strediaci prvok 12 má tvar krúžku s vonkajšougulovou plochou, je z pružnej hmoty a na are-tačnom čapě 9 je fixovaný pomocou nákružku 13zapadajúceho do zápichu 14, vytvořeného naAccording to FIG. 1, a star is formed at the end of the inner shaft 1 of the joint, consisting of three pins 2, on which rollers 5 are supported by needle rollers 4. This is one part of the joint. The other part of the joint forms the sleeve 7, in this case welded with the carrier 8 into one unit. Three grooves 6 are formed in the sleeve 7, in which the roller 5 moves. In the gap between the two grooves 6, a locking pin 9 is fixedly attached to the sleeve 7. It is provided with a tie 10 at the point of contact. pressed. A cavity 3 is formed in the joint inner shaft 1, which opens into the gap between the two pin 2 stars. In the cavity 3 there is a centering element 12 supported by a locking pin 9. The centering element 12 is in the form of a ring with an outer surface, it is made of a resilient mass and is fixed on the locking pin 9 by means of a collar 13 engaging the recess 14 formed on

Claims

3, alternatively, the embodiment of FIG. 2, wherein the centering element 12, which has a ring recess with an outer spherical surface, is inserted in the cavity 3 with the inner spherical surface. It is provided with an opening in which the locking pin 9 is received at its end. 15 parallelepipers. Another embodiment is shown in FIG. 3, wherein the centering element 12 of the resilient mass is covered by an inner spherical surface 16 mounted on the locking pin 9. The joint assembly is accomplished by sliding the inner shaft 1 with the mounted rollers 5 into the sleeve 7 such that the cavity 3 is open to the same gap between the pins 2 or the grooves 6 in which the locking pin 9 is opened. This hole is screwed, eventually the assembled locking pin 9 is pressed with the centering element P. the torque by the pivot from the inner shaft 1 to the sleeve 7 secures the locking pin 9 through the centering element 12 cooperating with the sieve cavity 3 to position the center of the star formed from the three pivot pins 2. The arresting pin 9 catches the axial load of the inner shaft 1 and the elastic force. of the centering element 12 dampens the axial shocks and vibrations of the inner shaft 1 relative to the housing 7. It does not impose resistance to the radial movement of the center of the star, 1 and 3, the device according to FIGS. 1 and 3 directs the movement of the star center center perpendicular to the axis of the inner shaft. 1. In this case, in the case of an articulated joint, the axial movement of the inner shaft 1 is completely eliminated. The device according to FIG. 2 directs the radians to move the center star perpendicularly to the axis of the sleeve 7, thereby reducing the angular joint to a reduced movement. The advantage of this device is that it is not necessary to use complicated and expensive molded springs, while mounting the joint with said locking device is extremely simplified, safe and does not require the use of special tools or tools. The quality of the device is not conditional on the precision of production required in the case of the use of spring clips. Against known devices, the arrangement is simpler. The device for axially arresting the universal joint front according to the invention is particularly suitable for use in the automotive industry, in particular for hinged shafts of self-propelled wheels of passenger cars and commercial vehicles.

A device for axially arresting a center of a uni-versatile joint which is arranged in the interior, characterized in that it comprises a locking pin (9) which is fixedly fixed in the sleeve (7) so that the centering element (12) it is inserted in the cavity (3) formed by the inner shaft (1) of the joint.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking pin (9) is formed as a beam interlocked in the joint sleeve (7) in the gap of the medial groove (6).

Apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the locking pin (9) is threaded (10) at the point of contact of the sleeve (7).

4. Apparatus as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that the locking pin (9) is pressed together by a clamp (7) of a flange joint (7).

5. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the centering element (12) with the outer ball-shaped surface is made of a resilient mass and is fixed on the locking pin (9) by means of a collar (13) engaging the wrist (14) formed by the locking means. Chaipe (9). £. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the centering element (12) with the outer ball surface is made of a resilient mass, which is located in a cavity (3) with an inner sphere having an opening in which the insertion pin [9] is inserted the end (15) of the straight-running cross-section.

Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the centering element (12) of elastic material is provided with an inner sphere (16) mounted on the ball (17) at the end of the locking pin (9).

Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the cavity (3) is open to a gap between the three-point star pins (2) formed at the end of the inner shaft (1) of the joint.