CS214993B1 - A method of detecting the relative machinability of materials and equipment for its implementation - Google Patents

A method of detecting the relative machinability of materials and equipment for its implementation Download PDF

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Publication number
CS214993B1
CS214993B1 CS620477A CS620477A CS214993B1 CS 214993 B1 CS214993 B1 CS 214993B1 CS 620477 A CS620477 A CS 620477A CS 620477 A CS620477 A CS 620477A CS 214993 B1 CS214993 B1 CS 214993B1
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Czechoslovakia
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workpiece
machinability
disc
knife
axis
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CS620477A
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Czech (cs)
Slovak (sk)
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Karol Vasilko
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Karol Vasilko
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Priority to CS620477A priority Critical patent/CS214993B1/en
Publication of CS214993B1 publication Critical patent/CS214993B1/en

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Abstract

Vynález sa týká experimentálneho stádia obrobitelnosti materiálov, najma ocelí, farebných a 1'ahkých kovov v prípadoch, ked nie je k dispozícii obrobok velkého priemeru. Podstatou riešenia je úprava, ktorá spočívá v upnutí vzorky materiálu na čele kotúča dostatočne velkého priemeru, kolmo na os rotácie kotúča. Při sústružení časti obrobku, ktorá přesahuje úpinku sa dosahuje stav, že po uběhnutí určitej dráhy dojde k otupeniu noža aj pri obrábaní farebných a 1'ahkých kovov. Kritériom obrobitelnosti je dížka obrobenej tyče do otupenia noža. Přitom nož odřezává z obrobku válcové úseče a pracuje za podmienok přerušovaného řezu.The invention relates to the experimental stage of machinability of materials, especially steels, non-ferrous and light metals in cases where a large diameter workpiece is not available. The essence of the solution is a modification that consists in clamping a sample of the material on the face of a sufficiently large diameter disc, perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the disc. When turning a part of the workpiece that exceeds the clamping, a state is reached that after a certain distance, the knife becomes dull even when machining non-ferrous and light metals. The criterion of machinability is the length of the machined bar until the knife becomes dull. In this case, the knife cuts off cylindrical sections from the workpiece and works under conditions of interrupted cutting.

Description

(54) Sposob zisfovania relatívnej obrobitelnosti materiálov a zariadenie na jeho realizáciu(54) Method of determining the relative machinability of materials and equipment for its implementation

Vynález sa týká experimentálneho stádia obrobitelnosti materiálov, najma ocelí, farebných a 1'ahkých kovov v prípadoch, ked nie je k dispozícii obrobok velkého priemeru. Podstatou riešenia je úprava, ktorá spočívá v upnutí vzorky materiálu na čele kotúča dostatočne velkého priemeru, kolmo na os rotácie kotúča. Při sústružení časti obrobku, ktorá přesahuje úpinku sa dosahuje stav, že po uběhnutí určitej dráhy dojde k otupeniu noža aj pri obrábaní farebných a 1'ahkých kovov. Kritériom obrobitelnosti je dížka obrobenej tyče do otupenia noža. Přitom nož odřezává z obrobku válcové úseče a pracuje za podmienok přerušovaného řezu.The invention relates to the experimental stage of machinability of materials, in particular steels, non-ferrous and light metals, in cases where a large diameter workpiece is not available. The essence of the solution is a treatment consisting in clamping a sample of material on the face of a roll of sufficiently large diameter, perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the roll. When turning a part of the workpiece that extends beyond the clamping, it is achieved that after a certain path has elapsed, the knife becomes dull even when machining non-ferrous and light metals. The machinability criterion is the length of the machined rod until the blade is blunt. The blade cuts off the cylindrical section from the workpiece and operates under intermittent cutting conditions.

Predmetom vynálezu je spůsob zisťovania relatívnej obrobitelnosti materiálov na vzorkoch malých prlemerov a zariadenie na realizáciu tohoto sposobu.It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for detecting the relative machinability of materials on samples of small diameters and an apparatus for implementing this method.

Doteraz známe metody na určovanie obrobitelnosti experlmentálnymi skúškami sú založené na použití kritéria poměrného opotrebenia etalónových materiálov nástrojov, ktorými sa obrábajú skúmané materiály. Přitom skúšobné vzorky sa obrábajú pozdlžnym, alebo pri vel'kom priemere čelným sústružením. Iné bodnotenie obrobitelnosti je založené na porovnávaní režných sil, drsností povrchov tvarov vznikajůcej triesky, alebo porovnávaní režných rýchlosti, ktoré odpovedajú zvolenej trvanlivosti režného klina nástroja při obrábaní etalónového a skúmaného materiálu. Uvedené metódy sú vhodné pre případy, ked priemer obrobku je dostatočné velký. Pri priemere obrobku do 10 mm tieto metódy nevyhovujú, pretože na dosiahnutie opotrebenia nástroja by bolo potřebné obrobit velkú dlžku obrobku. Zvlášť tieto metódy nevyhovujú při obrábaní farebných a 1'ahkých kovov, pretože pri obrábaní týchto materiálov je velmi malá intenzita opotrebenia nástrojov.The methods known to date for the determination of machinability by experimental tests are based on the application of the criterion of relative wear of the standard materials of the tools by which the materials to be examined are machined. The test specimens are machined by longitudinal or large diameter face turning. Other machinability scores are based on comparing the cutting forces, the surface roughness of the chip-forming shapes, or comparing the cutting speeds that correspond to the selected shelf life of the cutting wedge of the tool when machining the standard and examined material. These methods are suitable for cases where the diameter of the workpiece is large enough. With a workpiece diameter of up to 10 mm, these methods do not satisfy, since a large workpiece length would have to be machined to achieve tool wear. In particular, these methods are unsuitable for machining non-ferrous and light metals, since there is very little tool wear in machining these materials.

Uvedené nedostatky odstraňuje skrátená skúška obrobitelnosti podía vynálezu, ktorej podstatou je, že do kotúča priemeru 250 až 300 mm je radiálně upnutá skúšobná tyč s presahom nad úpinku a sústružená jej presahujúca časť nožom s radiálnym posuvom od osi kotúča k obvodu, pričom kritériom obrobitelnosti je dlžka tyče, obrobená do otúpenia noža. Dalším znakom vynálezu je zariadenie na realizáciu metódy, ktorého podstata je, že na čele kotúča radiálně k osi rotácie je v prlzmatickom přípravku upnutá skúšobná tyč zo skúmaného materiálu, ktorej os je kolmá na os rotácie kotúča.The abovementioned shortcomings are eliminated by the shortened machinability test according to the invention, which is based on the fact that a test rod with an overlap above the grip is radially clamped into the 250 to 300 mm diameter disc and turned over by a knife with radial displacement. bars, machined to the knife. A further feature of the invention is a device for carrying out the method, the principle being that a test rod of the material to be examined, whose axis is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the disc, is clamped in the prismatic fixture at the face of the disc radially to the axis of rotation.

Na obrázku je příklad riešenia zariadenia podía vynálezu s upnutou skúšobnou tyčinkou.The figure shows an example of a device according to the invention with a clamped test bar.

Na čele úzkého kotúča 1 je upevněný prizmatický prípravok 2, pevne spojený s kotúčom 1 s úpinkou 3 na uchytenle obrobku. Obrobok (skúšobná tyč] 4 je uchytený medzi prípravkom 2 a úpinkou 3, pričom je umiestnený s presahom nad prípravok. Nůž 5 je upevněný na priečnom suporte stroja 6 a pohybuje sa smerom od osi kotúča k jeho obvodu, pričom odřezává z obrobku valcovú úseč.A prismatic fixture 2 is fixed to the face of the narrow roll 1, firmly connected to the roll 1 with a clamp 3 on the workpiece grip. The workpiece (test rod 14) is mounted between the jig 2 and the clamp 3 and is positioned overlapping the jig.A knife 5 is mounted on the transverse support of the machine 6 and moves away from the axis of the disc to its periphery, cutting the cylindrical section from the workpiece.

Spůsob a zariadenie podlá vynálezu sa dá s úspechom použlť pri určovaní relatívnej obrobltelnosti ocelí, ale aj farebných a 1'ahkých kovov ak nie sú k dispozícil obrobky váčšleho priemeru.The method and apparatus according to the invention can be used successfully in determining the relative machinability of steels, but also of non-ferrous and light metals, if workpieces of larger diameter are not available.

Claims (2)

PREDMETOBJECT 1. Spósob zisťovania relatívnej obrobitelnosti materiálov tvaru tyče malých priemerov, vyznačujúcl sa tým, že do kotúča priemeru 250 až 300 mm sa radiálně upne skúšobná tyč a sústruží sa jej upnutie presahujúca časť nožom, ktorý sa radiálně posúva od osi kotúča k jeho obvodu, až do otúpenla noža.A method for detecting the relative machinability of rod-shaped materials of small diameters, characterized in that a test rod is clamped radially into the disc of diameter 250 to 300 mm and its clamping is turned overhanging by a knife which radially moves from the disc axis to its circumference until into the swelling of the knife. 2. Zariadenie k prevádeniu spósobu podl'a bo- VYNALEZU du 1, vytvořené nožom uloženým na priečnom suporte stroja, vyznáčujúci sa tým, že ja ďalej tvořené kotúčom (lj, ktorý má na svojom čele radiálně k osi rotácie uložený prizmatický prípravok (2, 3] s presahom upnutou skúšobnou tyčkou (4) skúmaného materiálu, ktorej os je kolmá na os rotácie kotúča (1). 2 2149932. Apparatus for carrying out the method according to claim 1, formed by a knife mounted on a cross machine support, characterized in that it is further formed by a disk (1j which has a prismatic device (2, disposed at its face radially to the axis of rotation); 3] with test piece overlap (4) of the material to be examined, the axis of which is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the disc (1).
CS620477A 1977-09-26 1977-09-26 A method of detecting the relative machinability of materials and equipment for its implementation CS214993B1 (en)

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