CS214081B1 - Method of glass products surface treatment by means of infrared radiation of laser and apparatus for making the same - Google Patents

Abstract

Method and apparatus for working the surface of glass objects and the like by infrared laser radiation where an electric signal from an optical pick-up device scanning a pattern controls the laser discharge so that the impinging laser radiation causes a change in the optical permeability of the glass and/or evaporation of glass material solely along a line or over an area, corresponding to the pattern.

Description

The present invention provides a method for treating the surface of glass articles by infrared laser radiation using optical scanning of the decor, and a device for practicing this method for use in the decorative arts, especially in the glass industry.

Only the surface of such glass products is suitable for laser processing, whose coefficient of absorption at the wavelength of usable radiation is at least 50% · Conventional utility and technical glass is almost optically impermeable to the wavelengths from the Infrared spectrum and the absorption coefficient of such glasses is very high. for surface treatment of a suitable laser with an output length in the infrared range.

Laser processing of glass products in physical perception is the interaction of laser radiation with glass, which results in the evaporation of a certain weight of the glass from the desired line or glass. surface treatment, which is actually prinoíp ^и decreasing of the weight of glass of the glass product. " According to this principle and to the visual nature of the surface of the workpiece, the method of laser surface treatment of glass products can be compared with pantographing with subsequent hydrofluoric acid etching, matt grinding technology, chemical frosting technology and to some degree also diamond-treated technology.

With such conventional technologies, such lines or lines can be achieved. the treatment of the surface of glassware to contain closed curves or multiple closed surfaces.

214081 "

The most commonly used classical technology is the technology of pantography followed by etching with hydrofluoric acid. However, this classic method is highly demanding and expensive to ensure hygiene and safety regulations. Requires opeades that are being transferred. by hand and a great praoné Working the products in this way is time-consuming, changing the decor is time-consuming and time consuming, and thus decorating in nice serlaoh is uneconomical.

Another well-known method of breaking glass from a glass article is laser-treated spokes according to NDR 112 941. The essence of this device is to provide laser radiation with glass for a relatively long time. switch or a relative metal maa. The disadvantage of said salvation and device is that such a device and device cannot be reached by such a people or a person. surface - protecting the surface of the product * from glass to contain closed curves resp. multiple enclosed areas. Another disadvantage is - laborious production of metal mmaieks and slightly short service life. Creating a program for a programmed timer is very difficult in common practice.

The above shortcomings of the surface of this deters spásob opramvania of glass and the infrared laser zariaSenie prevédzaníu of the sp ^ ^ of the invention, where the principle is that spásobu the žlarenle Sopadajúc.s laser on the surface of this _p-l lSlvo yoeerllkéhl of glass is absorbed in the surface layer —7

10 - up to - 5 mm causing abrasion of the material's material or change in the optical transmittance of the glass, and the time course of the longitudinal laser radiation is electrically controlled online according to the required plows and the decor pattern line. During processing, the rotational movement condition must be maintained, around the symmetry pattern of the decor pattern and the processed glass product and the translational movement in the direction of the symmetry axis of the decor pattern and the processed glass product. The maximum infrared laser radiation density is dynamically damped in the antler of the treated oslo-symmetric glass product. The principle of the device is that the laser is electrically connected to an optical decoder oez interface, which - consists of electrical circuits designed to convert the electrical signal from the optical sensor (frequency generator, amplifier, combo until switching on and - cut off in cutting). The decor pattern is placed on a body having the shape of a roll or the shape of a treated glazing (a thicker glass product). In the case that the body has the shape of a valo, the decor pattern may be pre-designed so that the desired effect of the line and the plow with the laser radiation reflects the original design of the people - and the plow - so that the dynamically localized focus of the lens at the corner of the dazzle-like glass product is possible. rotary and translational movements with copying device. OBJECTIVE.

The main effect of oprallvanla al ^{, the} corners of glass products by laser radiation and the alignment to this method of the invention is that the range of decorated products is unlimited, the change of the desired range is very rapid, which means that even small series production type of decor is economical. Another advantage is the very high speed of surface treatment of the glass product, which makes it possible to arrange the machine in a cup and machine production line. Hygiene and safety are achieved through the use of off-site equipment, carousel transport of glass products and external logic. In particular, protection against laser exposure and inhalation of harmful gases or particles from the products of radiation and glass intrusion.

In the accompanying drawings, an example of an embodiment of an apparatus for operating and treating a surface of glass products by infrared laser irradiation according to the invention is shown. 1 is a front view of the decoration itself; FIG. 2 is a front view of the optical sensor system; and FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a carousel transport of products.

The apparatus for performing the infrared laser treatment of the surface of glass products shown in FIG. 1 consists of a laser 1, an olon 2 and an external logic 3 for controlling the output of the laser 1, an optical system consisting of mirrors 4 and 2 ³ cooling 6 and 2 and a lens 8 with cooling 9 disposed in a gas nozzle 10 with gas supply 17 of the clamping mechanism 13 for the centrical gripping of the glass article 11, the first device 14 or the second copy device 22, the second device 16, the first drive 12 for the rotational movement of the article 11 and the second drive. 18 for translational movement, by another part of the device shown in FIG. 2 is an optical sensor 21, a body 20, an output 22 of the sensor 21, and a third drive 19 for rotational movement of the body 20.

For a simpler treasure, the method and apparatus are that the machined valo-glass product 11 made of valoa glass and the body 20 for locating the valoa-shaped decor patterns are positioned such that the workpiece. That is, the axes lie in a straight line rotating about their axis of symmetry so that the constant value of either the circumferential or angular surface of the surfaces, while acting at the same time. linear movement in the direction of the idle axis of symmetry. The lens 8 focuses on the laser beam CO 2 so that the optical axis of the lens 8 is perpendicular (not a condition) to the axis of the symmetry of the treated glass product 11 and the focus of the lens 8 is dynamically located on the surface of the treated axis-symmetrical product 11 made of glass. · Opaque dreamer · The decor pattern system · is positioned as it is converted eg. u klasockýoh telefonotnýoh vysidlačzr. The electrical signal from the optical sensor 21 is adapted so that, in an on-line connection with the laser discharge control 2, it causes an on-line on / off of the laser discharge. 2 podium. master decors.

and wherein said laser 2 operates in a continuous mode will decorate the glass product according to the decor pattern. The quality of the décor and its visual character can also be verified by a pulse mask; laser.

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In FIG. 1, in fact, a decorative device for a method 214061 is shown

The surface area of the glass products by the rotational movement of the axis-symmetrical glass product 11 20 around the actually oscillation symmetry and the translational movement of the onion lens 8 along the trajectory of the surface of the axis-symmetrical glass product 11 The alignment ensures relative movement between the focus of the lens 8 and the surface. · Symmetrical glass product 11 · Zarladenle is characterized by using a clamping mechanism 13. which secures the oentrlocal gripping of the axis-symmetrical product from the glass and requires, as a basic movement of the rotol of the axis-symmetrical glass product about its own oscillation symmetry. X is controlled by an olon 2 - sohutter · An orifice 2 is opened in the Saxon when the carousel transports the axial-symmetrical product 11 from the glass to the machining position, i.e., in the seat. the surface of the treated axially-symmetrical glass product 11 is cast in the focus of the lens £ · The opening and closing of the olon 2 is controlled by the external logic 2 of the carousel cycling stage ·

The reflective surfaces of the mirrors 4 and 2 ^{must be} of a material having a high coefficient of reflection at the wavelength of the laser used X. According to the material used for mirrors 4 and 2 , the quality of mirrors 4 and 2 ^{and the} laser output power X can be determined if the mirroring of 6 and 2 mirrors 4 ^and 2 with water is necessary · Laser X radiation reflected from mirror -2 falls on the lens 8. If necessary, the lens has coaxial ohladenie water 2 ³ · A lens 8 focuses the laser žlarenie X on the surface of this axially-symetriokého the worked product 11 of glass. The lens is housed in a gas nozzle 10 with a gas supply 17. The first drive 12 provides rotational movement of the treated axially-symmetrical article 11 of glass, which is held in the clamping mechanism 13. At the focus of the lens 8 is the surface of the treated axially-symmetrical article 11 of glass.

The mirror ^{23 by} glazing 2, the lens 8 and the gas nozzle 10 with glazing 8, perform a sluggish translational movement determined by the fineness vector v: the direction of the fineness vector v is parallel to the axis of rotation of the axial-symmetry product 11. The time-independent, orlentation of the fineness vector is given by the arrangement and boundary conditions of the correction. The translational movement of the mirror 2 ^{3 by the} mirror 2 ^{and the} lens 8 with the mirror 2 relative to the mirror 4 with the mirror 6 provides a second drive 18. The first copier 15 provides a lens focus 8 on the surface of an axially symmetrical product 11 of glass. Movement from copying can be converted either to movement of mirror system 4 and 2 ^{3 by} glazing 6 and 2 ^and lens 2 with glazing 2 relative to the fixed point on the laser χ or to lens movement 8 with glazing 2 relative to mirror 2 ^{3 by} glazing 2 in direction laser resonator oslo X · The height of the surface treatment of the axis-symmetric glass product 11 in the direction of symmetry of symmetry This is given by the stroke shift of the focus of the lens 8 in the direction of the symmetry direction of the axis-symmetric glass product. The X-ray irradiation interactions with the glass components are extracted from the repair area by 16 ° suction <214081

In FIG. 2 is an elevational view of the optical sensor system. . The basic podrnienkou.funknosti. The optical sensor system is an 'unconditional sys- tem' of speed. a machined axially symmetrical glass product 11; . -20 .. 'Another' condition - is'. transient movements: relative movement of the lens focal point .8 -. machined 'axial-symmetrical' articles '11 'of glass and. relative. motion optical sensor. 21. -. body 20. Body rotation '20' is provided by 'third drive' 19 '. In general, it is possible for the 'body 20 to be a little' shaped 'of the cylindrical posterior. 20 'is placed the decor pattern,. mainly the photo taken by the optical sensor '21. 'If the treated n-symmetric product 11 is not of glass'. and the body 20 has the shape of a cylindrical shell, so that in the design of the decoration, a descriptive representation of the decoration pattern must first be obtained so that the desired lines are achieved. 'resp ·. the surface of the workpiece to be treated on the axially-symmetrical article 11 of FIG. glass.

The electrical signal from the output 22 of the ophthalmic sensor 21, after treatment, is fed to the control block of the laser 1, where the on-line stages. The information from the master pattern turns on or off the discharge in the laser resonator 1. A signal can also be superimposed on the electric signal, which then provides a pulse or gate mode of the laser1 from the laser control block 1.

Synchronization of translational relative movements of optical. 20 and a focal point of the .8 lens with the machined .axially-symmetrical article. 11 of glass can be converted by means of mechanical coupling (or coupled movement) or by electrical synchronization of the drives. Preference is given to using step mecha- nisms to control all movements of the described apparatus. However, the use of unidirectional or asynchronous electric molars is also possible.

In FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the carousel method of transporting the axis-symmetry products 11 from glass from the operator's control area. in the direction 23 of the axial-symmetrical glass products 11 'into the clamping mechanism 13 and the removal of the 24-processed axial-symmetry glass products 11 by laser 1. The suction device 16 extracts the laser interaction products 1 on the axes (n-symmetry). glass product 11. The minimum number of clamping meohanisms 1 ^ 3 per carousel is 2, the maximum number 24. The transport of products at the number of clamping meohanisms in more than 2 is unidirectional, with a two-position carousel the transport of products can be reversible.

Reenlzane has treated the surface of glass products by infrared laser irradiation. it may be in the confusion of providing relative motion: the focus. of the lens 8 - the surface of the axial-symmetrical glass product 11 is also transferred such that the focus of the lens 8 is processed in the direction of the axis of symmetry of the workpiece. warp-symmetry: i.okøhn product 11. of the glass does not move and the necessary translational movement in the direction of the symmetry axis is carried out by an opmoid axially-symmetrical article 11. glass. In this case, mirrors 4 and 2 ' ³ are not required by smoothing 6 and 2 and the lens 8 with smoothing 2 is placed in the direction of the optic axis of the resonator with lasso 1. However, in the case of using a carousel with more than a court posioin .focus movement. Lens Is

214'081 6 energy blocks and prieator's more favorable · Optioc. the sensor can be realized e.g. stage of the simplified contribution of the classical imaging of classical photography. telephone transmitters. A suitable laser for surface treatment. glass. e.g. . C0 ₂ . laser power 10 to 1000 W.

Product surface treatment. made of glass by infrared laser irradiation and zarladenle to prevédzanlu this with ^p ° o and ^b are suitable. and the ^right working the ovrohu mateiélov as force "ceramics, glass-ceramics, glazes ,. wood, artificial. hmooy. In the case of product surface reprocessing. however, it is desirable. setting the values of the motion parameters and the symbiosis. Said method of treating the surface of the axially-symmetrical glass products by laser radiation is. . also suitable for repairing the surface of the utility glass whose surface is. dyed in a thin surface layer optiocyse partially. permeable.

Claims (8)

1 · European povioohu working the glass products ifrraeerennem aaeeru S ^to change the opti sobujúoi ej ^ ^{p p} ry urtnooti or glass. odjpaenie tomtono! has been treated. of a glass product such that. change has time. proportional to the time course. dopadajúoeho infrared 'radiation, characterized in that the axially-symetrioký glass product falls the focused infrared laser žiaereir by axially-syeetrický product glass absorbs the žlarenie -7' in povrohovej layer 10 ^of up to 5 mm, and the time prlebeh dopadajúoeho. The infrared laser is electrically operated online according to the required. plooh. and the line of the template, whereby the condition of the rotary motion is respected. and translational-. The movement of the workpiece around the axis of symmetry of the workpiece 1 to be processed by an axially symmetrical glass article. 2. Infrared radiation treatment of glass products. 2. A laser according to claim 1, characterized in that the macromolecular density. The infrared radiation of the laser is dynamically located spatially in the surface heating. machined. axis of the tri-ocular product. made of glass. 3. Zaaiadenie ^{kp Rev} dzana a ^ a ^ ^p will ODIA ^d in the 1 ^ ^ ^^ e of vaj. lasers, olons,. external logic, lenses, mirrors, gas nozzles,. Clamping device of rotary and translational movements characterized in that the laser input (1) for switching on and off the electric discharge in resonance. is electrically connected online with optiok. The sensor pattern (21) of the decor pattern is an amplifier, a frequency generator and a comparator, wherein the decor pattern is disposed on the body (20) and is preferably formed, for example, by a photograph of the decor. 4. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the drives for rotary and transverse movements are switched. beech with the first. by copying (14) or with a second copying device (15) for locating the focus of the lens (8) on the surface of the axially symmetrical glass article (11). Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the body (20) for uohytende of the decor pattern has the shape of a machined axially symmetrical glass product (11) or, if the decor pattern is preformed, my body (20) in the shape of a valoid. is equal to the average diameter of the treated axially symmetrical glass product (11). 6. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that a suction device (16) is located near the focus of the lens (8). Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the first drive (12) for rotational movement of the glass-axial product (11) and the third drive (19) for rotational movement of the body (20) are electric direct or asynchronous or stepper motors and the translational actuator (18) is an electrical, hydraulic or pneumatic device. 8. Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the position of the clamping mechanism (13) during insertion and / or insertion of the clamping mechanism (13). the removal of the glass articles (11) is not identical to the position of the clamping mechanism (13) when the laser radiation interacts with the glass article (11).