CS213827B1

CS213827B1 - Jig for adjusting,fixing and rotating welded brake shoes of drum brakes

Info

Publication number: CS213827B1
Application number: CS918179A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Peter Somsky; Jozef Adamka; Frantisek Duban; Ivan Hrusovsky
Original assignee: Peter Somsky; Jozef Adamka; Frantisek Duban; Ivan Hrusovsky
Priority date: 1979-12-21
Filing date: 1979-12-21
Publication date: 1982-04-09

Description

Vynález se týká přípravku na nastavenie, upnutie a otáčanie zváraných brzdových čelustí bubnových brzd při automatickom oblúkovom zváraní ve zváracom zariadení, najma pře zvéranie brzdových čelustí tažkých vozidiel a mechanizmov.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a device for adjusting, clamping and rotating the welded brake shoes of drum brakes during automatic arc welding in a welding apparatus, in particular for the brake shoes of heavy vehicles and mechanisms.

Brzdové čeluste tažkých vozidiel a mechanizmov sa v súčasnosti zvárajú převážné iba v malosérióvej výrobě. Používaný prípravok pre zvéranie stojiny a pásnice brzdovéj čeluste pozostáva z dutého nízkého stojatého válce ,s vnútorným polomerom rovným vonkajšiemu poloměru pásnice čeluste, pričom vo válci je usporiadané ložko pre horizontálně položenie zvéranej stojiny Seluste. Pásnice a stojina po uložení v přípravku nie sú při zváraní upnuté. Stojina sa najprv zvára z jednej strany a po otočení z druhej strany. Takéto zváranie je málo.produktivně a v dosledku značných deformácií zvarových spojov třeba nechávaí poměrně velká přídavky pre konečné opracovanie čelustí.The brake shoes of heavy vehicles and mechanisms are currently welded mainly in small-series production. The brake shoe clamp and flange clamping device used consists of a hollow, low standing cylinder, with an inner radius equal to the outer radius of the shoe flange, and a cylinder is arranged in the cylinder for horizontally laying the Seluste clamping flange. The flange and web are not clamped when welding. The web is first welded from one side and then turned from the other side. Such welding is low productively and due to the considerable deformation of the weld joints, it is necessary to leave relatively large allowances for the final machining of the jaws.

Doteraz sa vyrábajú brzdové čeluste tažkých vozidiel pri sériovej výrobě najma odlievaním, přičom takéto čeluste sú tažšie, vyžadujú poměrně velké přídavky pře opracovanie a potřebné otvory sa v nich robia až při opracúvaní hotového tvarového odliatku.Up to now, the brake shoes of heavy vehicles are produced in series production, in particular by casting, while such shoes are heavier, require relatively large finishing allowances, and the necessary holes are made in them only when machining the finished casting.

Uvedené nedostatky odstraňuje prípravok na nastavenie, upnutie a otéčanie zváraných brzdových čelustí bubnových brzd pozostávajúcich z jednej alebo dvoch stojin a pásnice brzdovéj čeluste, ktorého p'odstata spočívá v tom, že pozostává z otočnéj došky tvaru medZiKruŽia, Ktorá je V dolnej Ča8ti Zboku opatřená dolným priečníkom s ložkom pre uloženieThe aforementioned drawbacks are eliminated by means for adjusting, clamping and rotating the welded brake shoes of the drum brakes consisting of one or two webs and a brake shoe flange, the essence of which consists of a rotatable thatched ring shaped in the lower part of the side provided with a lateral crossbeam with bearing for storage

213 827213 827

213 827 pásnice brzdovej čeluste, pričom loŽko má vybranie s polomerom rovným vonkajšiemu poloměru páonice, ktorého střed je totožný so stredom otáčania otočnéj došky a v hornej časti je otočná doska zboku nad dolným priečnikom opatřená horným priečnikom s pevne uchyteným hydraulickým alebo pneumatickým vélcom, ktorého piestnica je na konci opatřená rozperným klinom s výstupkami v spodnej časti pře zachytenie klieštin při ich zdvíhaní a so stykovými klínovými plochami, zapadajúcimi medzi úkosy klieštin upínača. Klieštiny sú na upínači otočné uložené symetricky po oboch stranách. Upínač je v dolnej časti opatřený aj aspoň jednou oporou stykovou plochou stojiny brzdovéj čeluste pře pritlačenie stojiny upnutéj klieštinami upínača k pásnici brzdovéj čeluste. Otočná doska s dolným priečnikom i horným priečnikom sú s upínačom navzájom usporiadané posuvné v smere pritláčania k pásnici brzdovéj čeluste, napr. klznými tyčemi upevněnými na bočných výstupkoeh upínača a klzne uloženými v otvoroch horného priečnika.213 827 of the brake shoe flange, the bearing having a recess with a radius equal to the outer radius of the pincushion, the center of which is identical to the rotating thatch rotation center, and the upper part of the rotary plate is provided at the end with a spacing wedge with projections at the bottom for gripping the tongs as they are lifted and with abutment wedges engaging between the tapered taper of the chuck. The collets are rotatably mounted on the chuck symmetrically on both sides. The clamp is also provided in the lower part with at least one support contact surface of the brake shoe web for pressing the web clamped by the clamps of the clamp to the brake shoe flange. The rotary plate with the lower cross member and the upper cross member are displaceably disposed with the clamp in the direction of pressing against the flange of the brake shoe, e.g. sliding bars mounted on the side projections of the chuck and sliding in the holes of the upper crossbeam.

Prípravkom podlá vynálezu sa u zváraných brzdových čelustí umožní zváranie kútovými zvarmi súčasne obojstranne a preto s minimálnými deformácami. Elimináciou nepřesností zváraných čelustí sa zmenšia potřebné přídavky na opracovanie po zváraní. Umožní aa zníženie hmotnosti nielen zuřeného polotovaru, ale tiež hotovej opracovanej čeluste. V porovnání s odlievanými čeluetami je dosiahnutelná úspora 40 až 50 % materiálu. Umožní sa zváranie stojin a pásnic s vopred vyhotovenými, napr. aj vystříknutými dierami.Zftačne sa zvýši produktivita práce a efektívnosl výroby. Prípravok možno využil nielen pře malosériovú, ale aj pře velkosériová a automatizovaná výrobu zváraných brzdových čelustí.In the welded brake shoes, the formulations according to the invention allow simultaneous two-sided welding with corner welds and therefore with minimal deformation. By eliminating the inaccuracies of the welded jaws, the necessary finishing allowances after welding are reduced. It enables and reduces the weight of not only the ripened blank, but also the finished machined jaw. A 40-50% saving in material is achievable compared to cast jaws. It is possible to weld webs and flanges with pre-fabricated, e.g. It will also increase labor productivity and production efficiency. The product can be used not only for small series, but also for large-scale and automated production of welded brake shoes.

Na výkresech je schematicky znázorněný příklad přípravku podlá vynálezu pre zváranie čeluste požostávajúcej z pásnice a dvoch stojin zváraných súčasne kútovými zvarmi, kde na obr. 1 je znázorněný priečny rez prípravkom s upnutou pásnioou a stojinami a na obr. 2 je znázorněný nárys přípravku bez brzdovéj čeluste.The drawings show schematically an example of a device according to the invention for welding a jaw coming from a flange and two webs welded simultaneously by fillet welds. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a jig with clamped web and webs, and FIG. 2 is a front view of the jig without brake shoe.

Příkladný prípravok pozostává z otočnéj došky 1 tvaru medzikružia, ktorá je v dolnej časti zboku opatřená dolným priečnikom 3 s ložkom pře uloženie pásnice brzdovéj čeluste 11, přičom vybranie ložka má poloměr rovný vonkajšiemu poloměru pásnice so středo» totožným so stredom otáčania otočnéj došky 1 a v hornej časti je otočná doska 1 zboku nad dolným priečnikom 3 opatřená horným priečnikom 2 s pevne uchyteným hydraulickým vélcom 5. Horný priečnik 2 a dolný priečnik 3 sú na krajoch přepojené stlpikmi _£ pře zvýšenie tuhosti přípravku. Piestnica válce 5 je na konci opatřená rozpěrným klinom 9 s výstupkami v spodnej časti pre zachytenie klieštin 8 při ich zdvihaní a so stykovými klínovými plochami zapadajúcimi medzi úkosy klieštin 8 upínača 6, přičom klieštiny 8 sú otočné uložené symetricky po oboch stranách na upínači 6. Upínač 6 je v dolnej časti na bokoch opatre ný dvomi vybraniami, tvoriacimi oporné stykové plochy stojin brzdovéj čeluste 11 pre pritlačenie stojiny upnutéj medzi klieštinami J3 a vybraniami upínača _6 k pásnici brzdovéj čeluste 11. Otočná doska 1 s dolným priečnikom 3 i horným priečnikom 2 sú s upínačom 6 navzájom usporiadané posuvné v smere pritláčania stojiny k pásnici brzdovej čeluste 11 po mocou klených tyčí 7, upevněných na bočných výstupkách upínača 6 a klzne uložených v otvo roch horného priečnika 2.An exemplary fixture consists of a rotary thatch 1 in the form of an annular ring, which is provided at the lower side with a lower crossbeam 3 with a bearing for receiving the brake shoe flange 11, the recess having a radius equal to the outer radius of the flange. part of the rotary plate 1 above the lower crossbeam 3 is provided with an upper crossbeam 2 with a fixed hydraulic rim 5. The upper crossbeam 2 and the lower crossbeam 3 are interconnected at the edges by posts to increase the rigidity of the fixture. The piston rod of the cylinder 5 is provided at the end with a spacing wedge 9 with projections in the lower part for gripping the tongs 8 as they are lifted and with contact wedge surfaces engaging between the tapered taper 8 of the clamp 6. 6 is provided in the lower side with two recesses forming the abutment surfaces of the brake shoe webs 11 for urging the web clamped between the collets 13 and the clamp recesses 6 to the brake shoe flange 11. The rotary plate 1 with the lower crossbeam 3 and the upper crossbeam 2 are displaceably disposed in the direction of pushing the web to the flange of the brake shoe 11, arranged by means of the clamp 6, by power rods 7 fixed to the side projections of the clamp 6 and slidably mounted in the openings of the upper crossbeam 2.

Otáčanie přípravku vo zváracom zariadení pre automatické oblúkové zváranie brzdovýchRotation of the jig in the welding machine for automatic arc welding of the brake

213 827 čeíustí, z ktorého sú na výkrese áalej znázorněné len valivo uložené posuvné horáky 10, može buť zabezpečené napr. uložením symetricky medzi_3_ alebo_4_ kladky so žliabkami pře okraj kruhovéj otočnej došky 1, ktoré sú otočné uchytené na čapoch rámu zváracieho zariadenia.213 827 of the jaws, from which only the roller-mounted sliding burners 10 are shown in the drawing below, can be provided e.g. by placing symmetrically between the rollers 3 or 4 with grooves over the edge of the circular rotary thatch 1, which are rotatably mounted on the pins of the welding device frame.

Prípravok sa používá tak, že sa pásnica vloží do ložka dolného priečnika 3 a stojiny· do medzier tvořených vybraniami upínača _6_ a klieštinami 8. Pohybom piestnice hydraulického válca 5 sa silou vyvodenou válcom 5 rozpěrný klín 9 vtláča medzi úkosy klieštin 8j stojiny sa upínajú a presne sa nastavuje vzájomná poloha stojin a pásnice ako aj tvar zváraných dielov. Otočná doska 1 sa otočí do východzej polohy vymedzenej pracovnou pblehou horákov 10. Horáky 10 pre oblúkové zváranie v plynoch MIG/MAG, resp. pře zvéranie pod tavivom, ovládané napr. automatickým kopírovacím zariadením, sa synchronně prisunú k zvarku na určenú vzdialenost. Otočná doska 1 sa uvedie do rotačného pohybu určitou uhlovou rýchlosťou a zároveň sa vykonává vlastný proces zvárania. Po vyhotovení zvaru sa proces zvárania přeruší, otáčanie otočnej došky 1 sa zastaví a zváracie horáky 10 i otočná doska 1 sa vrátia do povodnej polohy. UpínaČ 6 se tiež vrátí do východzej polohy prostředníc* tvom zdvíhania klieštin 8 výstupkami na spodku rozperného klina 9, čím sa zvarok uvolní a vhodným vyhadzovačom vysunie z přípravku. Celý proces može býť ovládaný manuálně alebo automaticky.The jig is used by inserting the flange into the lower cross member bed 3 and the webs into the gaps formed by the recesses of the clamp 6 and the tongs 8. By moving the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5 with the force exerted by the roller 5 the wedge 9 is pushed between the bevels of the web ties 8j. the relative position of the webs and the flange as well as the shape of the welded parts are set. The turntable 1 is rotated to the starting position defined by the working burner of the torches 10. The torches 10 for arc welding in MIG / MAG and TIG gases, respectively. flux control, controlled e.g. by an automatic copying device, they are synchronously moved to the weld at a specified distance. The rotating plate 1 is rotated by a certain angular velocity while the actual welding process is performed. After the welding process has been completed, the welding process is interrupted, the rotation of the rotating thatch 1 is stopped and the welding torches 10 and the rotating plate 1 are returned to the original position. The clamp 6 also returns to its starting position by raising the tongs 8 with protrusions at the bottom of the spacer wedge 9, thereby releasing the weld and ejecting it from the jig with a suitable ejector. The whole process can be controlled manually or automatically.

Prípravok podlá vynálezu možno využlť predevšetkým v automobilovom priemysle, pri výrobě traktorov, polnohospodárskych a zemných strojov, ako aj zariadení manipulačněj a zdvíhačej techniky a to nielen na zváranie stojin brzdových čeíustí, ale aj zváranie stojin na iné kruhové alebo zakřivené súčiastky.The device according to the invention can be used, in particular, in the automotive industry, in the manufacture of tractors, agricultural and earth moving machines, as well as in the handling and lifting equipment, not only for welding the brake shoe webs, but also welding the webs to other circular or curved components.

Claims

3, 213, 827 of a jaw, of which only the sliding burners 10, which are slidably mounted in the drawing, can be provided, for example by providing a symmetrical between the rollers 3 and 4 of the grooves, which round the circular pivoted dowel 1, which are rotatably mounted on the frame frame of the welding device. The preparation is used by inserting the flange into the lower crossbar bearing 3 and standing in the gaps formed by the clamps 6 and the pliers 8. By moving the piston rod of the hydraulic cylinder 5, the force exerted by the cylinder is clamped between the bevels of the clamps 8 and clamped. and precisely adjust the relative positions of the webs and flange as well as the welded parts. The rotary axis 1 is rotated to the initial position defined by the burner working beam 10. The torches 10 for the arc welding in the MIG / MAG gases, respectively. For example, by fusing, controlled, for example, by an automatic copier, they are moved synchronously to the weld at a specified distance. The turntable 1 is rotated by a certain angular velocity and the actual welding process is performed. After the weld has been made, the welding process is interrupted, the rotation of the pivot 1 stops and the welding torches 10 and the pivot plate 1 are returned to the flood position. The clamp 6 also returns to the initial position by lifting the pliers 8 with the protrusions at the bottom of the spacer wedge 9, thereby releasing the welder and ejecting it from the jig by a suitable ejector. The entire process can be controlled manually or automatically. The preparation according to the invention can be used in particular in the automotive industry, in the production of tractors, agricultural and earth moving machines, and also in handling and lifting equipment, not only for welding of brake shoe stands, but also for welding on other circular or curved components. OBJECT OF THE STANDARD The fixture for setting, clamping and rotating the welded brake shoes of the drum brakes, consisting of one or two webs and a flange of the brake shoe, is characterized by the fact that it consists of a rotatable thatch (1), for example an annular shape, which is at the bottom of the side provided with a lower crossbeam (3) for receiving the flange of the brake shoe (11), the recess bearing having a radius equal to the outer radius of the flange with the center to the center of rotation of the pivot (1) and at the top is a pivot plate (1). a lower cross member (3) provided with an upper cross member (2) with a fixed hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder (5), the piston of which is provided with a discontinuous wedge (9) with projections at the lower part of the clamping catch (8) during their lifting and contact the wedge surfaces engaging between the bevels of the clamps (8) of the clamp (6), the pliers (8) being rotatably mounted with on both sides of the clamp (6), which is provided in the lower part with at least one abutment contact surface of the brake shoe (11) for clamping the clamp clamped clamp (8) of the clamping device (6) to the brake caliper pole (11); the plate (1) with the lower cross member (3) and the upper cross member (2) are displaceable with the chuck (6) relative to each other in the direction of pressing the web to the flange of the brake jaw (11, and. sliding bars (7) mounted on the side projections of the clamp (6) and slidably mounted in the openings of the upper cross member (2). "F 2 renderings."