CS211304B1 - Method of contemporary separation of solid and liquid particles from the aerosoles - Google Patents
Method of contemporary separation of solid and liquid particles from the aerosoles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CS211304B1 CS211304B1 CS732878A CS732878A CS211304B1 CS 211304 B1 CS211304 B1 CS 211304B1 CS 732878 A CS732878 A CS 732878A CS 732878 A CS732878 A CS 732878A CS 211304 B1 CS211304 B1 CS 211304B1
- Authority
- CS
- Czechoslovakia
- Prior art keywords
- solid
- particles
- liquid
- separation
- aerosol
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims description 26
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 title claims description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims description 13
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 4
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008263 liquid aerosol Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004868 gas analysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006194 liquid suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012047 saturated solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008275 solid aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002426 superphosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Description
Vynález sa týká sposobu súčasného oddelovania tuhých a kvapalných častíc z aerosolov, pri ktorom sa kyantitatívne oddelia tieto častíce za vzniku čistého plynu.The invention relates to a method for simultaneous separation of solid and liquid particles from aerosols in which the particles are separated by cyantiticity to form pure gas.
Súčasný stav techniky dovoluje účinné oddeliť tuhé částice s přibližné rovnakými střednými velkosťami, z plynu v impaktoroch', minicyklónoch, lamelových odlučovačoch a pod,, pričom účinnosť oddelenie částic u týchto typov zariadení klesá s klesajúcou velkosťou častíc. Kvantitativné zachytávanie častíc aerosolu o rožnou chemickom zložení, a teda aj Častíc s róznymi střednými velkosťami, potřebné a dóležité hlavně pri analýze exhalátov, nie je možné na týchto zariadeniach uskutočftovať.The state of the art allows the effective separation of solid particles of approximately the same mean sizes from gas in impactors, minicyclones, lamellar separators, and the like, and the particle separation efficiency of these types of equipment decreases with decreasing particle size. Quantitative entrapment of aerosol particles with a different chemical composition, and hence also particles with different medium sizes, necessary and important especially in the analysis of the exhaust gases, cannot be carried out on these devices.
Nevhodné pre tieto účely sú aj vláknité difúzne odlučovače demistery, v ktorých sa rozdelovanie deje filtráciou na filtroch zhotovených z vlákien róznych materiálov, kovových sieťok, keramiky a pod. K zachyteniu Častíc aerosolu tu dochádza vo vnútri filtračnej vrstvy, čo znemožňuje použiť toto zariadenie na přípravu reprezentativněj vzorky, ak aerosol pozostáva z kvapalných a tuhých Častíc, ktorých Časť je rozpustná.Also unsuitable for this purpose are fibrous diffusion separators of the demister, in which the distribution takes place by filtration on filters made of fibers of different materials, metal meshes, ceramics and the like. The aerosol particles are trapped here within the filter layer, making it impossible to use this device to prepare a representative sample if the aerosol consists of liquid and solid particles whose part is soluble.
Nedostatky tohto stavu sú odstránené spósobom súčasného oddelovania tuhých a kvapalných častíc z aerosolov tak, že sa častíce zachytia na povrchu vertikálně uloženého membránového filtra, zhotoveného z materiálu nezmáčatelného kvapkami aerosolu, pričom zachýtená kvapalina alebo suspenzia stéká po povrchu filtra, čím sa filtračná plocha neustále očisťuje, Oddělené tuhé a kvapalné částice aerosolu sa odvádzajú otvorom na ich kvantitativné analytické stanovenie a čistý plyn sa odvádza rúrkou na analýzu plynov.The drawbacks of this condition are eliminated by the simultaneous separation of solid and liquid particles from the aerosols by trapping the particles on the surface of a vertically mounted membrane filter made of non-wettable aerosol droplet material, with the entrapped liquid or suspension running down the filter surface. The separated solid and liquid aerosol particles are discharged through an orifice for quantitative analytical determination and the clean gas is discharged through a gas analysis tube.
Ak je obsah tuhých častíc tak velký, že na povrchu ulpievajú ako suspenzia tuhé Částice - kvapalina, je vhodné povrch filtra zmývať vhodným rozpúšťadlom rozstrekovaným tryskami, přitom je vhodné volit na tento účel jednu z kvapalných zloži,ek aerosolu. Podstata vynálezu je ozřejměná na príkladoch prevedenia a obr.» kde je zobrazen rez filtrom.If the solids content is so large that a solid-liquid suspension adheres to the surface as a suspension, it is advisable to wash the filter surface with a suitable solvent by spraying nozzles, it being advisable to select one of the liquid aerosol compositions for this purpose. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention is illustrated by way of example and in FIG.
Příklad 1Example 1
Exhaláty odvádzané z výrobně granulovaných hnojív s objemovým prietokom plynu v komíne — 1 3-1 —1Exhales taken from production granulated fertilizers with volume gas flow in the chimney - 1 3-1 —1
800 m ,h až 116 300 m ,h s plošné stredovanou rýchlostou plynu v komíne 9,6 m.s až 12,8 m.s obsahujú okrem plynnej fázy - vzduchu nasýteného vodnou parou a malým obsahom kysličníkov dusíka a amoniaku aj častíce kyseliny sírovej, tuhé častíce.chloridu draselného, superfosfátu, dusičnanu amonného, chloridu amonného a kaolínu, pričom rozpátie velkostí týchto Častíc je od 0,2 jum do 1 mm.800 m, h to 116 300 m, h with a centered gas velocity in the chimney of 9.6 ms to 12.8 ms, in addition to the gas phase - air saturated with water vapor and low content of nitrogen oxides and ammonia, also sulfuric acid particles, solid particles of chloride potassium, superphosphate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride and kaolin, the particle size ranges from 0.2 µm to 1 mm.
3 33 3
Okrem toho je v exhalátoch aj kvapalná voda a to do 0,1 cm až do 1,4 cm voda na 1 m plynu, ktorá vytvára so solami nasýtené roztoky. Na odvod z komína, ktorým je odvádzaný aerosol je umiestené válcovité zariadenie, zobrazené na obr. 1, ktoré pozostáva z plášta filtra a vertikálneho membránového filtra .3, zhotoveného z materiálu nezmáčitelného kapalnými částicemi aerosolu napr. z polytetrafluoretylénu, ktorý je uložený na podložke 2.In addition, liquid water is also present in the exhaust gas, up to 0.1 cm up to 1.4 cm water per 1 m of gas, which forms saturated solutions with salts. A cylindrical device, shown in Fig. 1, is provided for the discharge of the aerosol discharge, which consists of a filter housing and a vertical membrane filter 3 made of a material not wetted by liquid aerosol particles, e.g. polytetrafluoroethylene, which is deposited on a support 2. .
Aerosol sa privádza rúrkou kde sa na membránovom filtri 3. oddelia kvapalné ,a tuhé častíce od prúdu plynu, ktorý je odvádzaný rúrkou £. Plášt je v dolnej časti opatřený otvorom 6.» ku ktorému je připojená nádoba na zhromaŽdovanie oddelenej kvapaliny a tuhých častíc. Plyn odvádzaný rúrkou 5» prechádza cez regulačný ventil do zariadenia na meranie objemového prietoku a do přístroj,ov na analýzu plynov. Obsah tuhej fázi pri takto vedenom pokuse je 0,012 g.m3 až 0,025 g.m-3.The aerosol is supplied through a tube where on the membrane filter 3 liquid and solid particles are separated from the gas stream which is discharged through the tube 6. The housing is provided at the bottom with an opening 6, to which a container for collecting separate liquid and solid particles is attached. The gas discharged through the pipe 5 is passed through a control valve to the volumetric flow measuring device and to the gas analysis instruments. The solid phase content of the experiment thus conducted is 0.012 gm 3 to 0.025 gm -3 .
PříkladExample
Exhaláty a podmienky realizácie ako v příkladu 1, s tým rozdielom, že nízký obsah kvapal3 3 * nej vody, pod 0,1 cm na 1 m plynu, v aerosole sposobuje vytvarame pasty na povrchu membránového filtra 3, zobrazeného na obr. Táto sa z povrchu membránového filtra 3^ zmýva vodou rozs trekovanou tryskamiExhalates and conditions of implementation as in Example 1, except that a low liquid water content of less than 0.1 cm per 1 m of gas in the aerosol causes paste formation on the surface of the membrane filter 3 shown in FIG. rinses the surface of the membrane filter 3 with water spray nozzles
Sposob súčasného oddelovanía tuhých a kvapalných častíc z aerosolov možno využit v prevádzkach chemickej technologie, a to hlavně pri charakterizování škodlivosti exhalátov a stanovením kvantitativného zastúpenie ich zložiek, čo je prvým .predpokladom k vypracovaniu návrhu na ich obraedzenie alebo likvidáciu. Volba materiálu membránového filtra 3_ je podmienená zložením aerosolu, tak aby bola zaručená jeho nezmáčateInosč oddělovanou kvapalnou zložkou aerosolu. Pri správné volenom filtri sa dosiahne úplné oddelenie častíc, pričom za~ chytené Častíce možno bez strát odvádzat z filtračného zariadenia. Filtračná plocha tvořená membránou može byt válcová, rovinná alebo iná, ale jej uloženie je vertikálně.The method of simultaneous separation of solid and liquid particles from aerosols can be used in chemical technology plants, in particular in characterizing the harmfulness of exhalates and determining the quantitative representation of their constituents, which is the first prerequisite for drawing up a proposal for their disposal or disposal. The choice of membrane filter material 3 is conditioned by the composition of the aerosol so as to ensure its non-wettability by the separated liquid component of the aerosol. With the correct filter selected, complete separation of the particles is achieved, and the trapped particles can be removed without loss from the filter device. The filter surface formed by the membrane may be cylindrical, planar or otherwise, but its mounting is vertical.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS732878A CS211304B1 (en) | 1978-11-10 | 1978-11-10 | Method of contemporary separation of solid and liquid particles from the aerosoles |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS732878A CS211304B1 (en) | 1978-11-10 | 1978-11-10 | Method of contemporary separation of solid and liquid particles from the aerosoles |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CS211304B1 true CS211304B1 (en) | 1982-02-26 |
Family
ID=5422220
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CS732878A CS211304B1 (en) | 1978-11-10 | 1978-11-10 | Method of contemporary separation of solid and liquid particles from the aerosoles |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CS (1) | CS211304B1 (en) |
-
1978
- 1978-11-10 CS CS732878A patent/CS211304B1/en unknown
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