CS209791B1

CS209791B1 - Clamping device with rotary clamp especially for automatic machine tool clamps

Info

Publication number: CS209791B1
Application number: CS203978A
Authority: CS
Inventors: Pavol Kastel; Juraj Petrik; Marian Charvat
Original assignee: Pavol Kastel; Juraj Petrik; Marian Charvat
Priority date: 1978-03-30
Filing date: 1978-03-30
Publication date: 1981-12-31

Abstract

Účelom vynálezu je zlepšenie vlastností upínacieho zariadenia, ktoré umožní natácanie upinky z dóvodu vkladania a vyberania obrobkov a kde sa vyžaduje krátký pracovný zdvih upinky najma vtedy, ked sa priblízujd rožne Časti s troj o v, napr . vřtacie vzornice, tesne nad upínacie zariadenie, alebo kedy obrobok vzhladom k svojerau tvaru nedovoluje vyšší zdvih upinky, a ak sa upíná za obrobenu plochu. Uvedeného účelu sa dosiahne riešením upínacieho zariadenia podlá vynálezu, ktorého podstatnou Častou je prstencové teleso s priskrutkovaným pevným segmentom a vloženým otočným segmentom, ktorý cez unášač zasahujúcí do drážky natáča piestnicu a s ňou upínku do upínacej polohy.The purpose of the invention is to improve the properties of the clamping device, which will allow turning of the clamp due to the insertion and removal of workpieces and where a short working stroke of the clamp is required, especially when approaching the corner of parts with three o v, e.g. drilling template, just above the clamping device, or when the workpiece due to its shape does not allow a higher lift of the clamp, and if it is clamped behind the machined surface. The stated purpose is achieved by the solution of the clamping device according to the invention, the essential part of which is an annular body with a screwed-on fixed segment and an inserted rotating segment, which rotates the piston rod and with it the clamp into the clamping position through the driver that engages in the groove.

Description

Predmetom vynálezu je upínacie zariadenie s otáčavou upínkou, riešené ako samomazný stavebnicový monoblok, ktorý je pre svoje minimálně stavebné ro zmery. .vhodný najraá pre automatické hydraulické upínače obrábacích strojov, obzvlášť, jednoúčelových obrábací.ch strojov a automatických obrábacich liniek, kde je nutné natáčanie upínky z dóvodu jednoduchšieho nakladania a vyberania obrobkov z upínača. Doteraz známe upínacie zariadenia majú rožne spósoby natáčania upínky. Najjednoduchšie upínače majú ručné natáčanie, čo je pre automatické obrábacie stroje nevhodné.The object of the invention is a clamping device with a rotating clamp, designed as a self-lubricating modular monoblock, which is at least for its constructional dimensions. It is best suited for automatic hydraulic clamps of machine tools, especially single-purpose machine tools and automatic machining lines, where turning of the clamp is necessary for easier loading and removal of workpieces from the clamp. The prior art clamping devices have various ways of turning the clamp. The simplest clamps have manual turning, which is unsuitable for automatic machine tools.

Iné upínače sú riešené tak, že v piestnici je vytvořená skrutkovicová drážka, do ktorej zapadá kolík pevne uchytený v telese upínača. Osovým pohybom piestnice je zároveň táto nútená vykonat skrutkovicový pohyb, čím dojde k natočeniu upínky pevne spojenej s piestnicou. Nevýhodou tejto konštrukcie je poměrně velký zdvih piestnice a z toho vyplývajúca dížka upínača.Other fixtures are designed such that a helical groove is formed in the piston rod into which the pin fits tightly in the fixture body. The axial movement of the piston rod is also forced to perform a helical movement, thereby rotating the clamp firmly connected to the piston rod. The disadvantage of this construction is the relatively large stroke of the piston rod and the resulting length of the fixture.

Sú známe aj zariadenia, u ktorých natočenie piestnice zaisťuje hydraulicky ovládaný ozubený hrebeň, zaberajúci s ozubeným telesom, posuvné naklinovaným na piestnici. Nedostatkom takéhoto riešenia je zložitosť a velký zastavený priestor, nakolko ozubený hřeben je uložený' kolmo na os piestnice a priestor, ktorý zaberá komplet ozubeného hrebeňa,má v podstatě viac než dvojnásobná dlžku zdvihu ozubeného hrebeňa. Ovládanie ozubeného hrebeňa hydraulikou vyžaduje samostatné přívody tlakového oleja a samostatné ovládacie prvky na riadenie pohybu ozubeného hrebeňa v závislosti na polohé piestnice upínače.Also known are devices in which the rotation of the piston rod is provided by a hydraulically operated toothed rack engaging a toothed body slidably wedged on the piston rod. The drawback of such a solution is the complexity and the large built-in space, since the rack is mounted perpendicularly to the piston axis and the space occupying the rack assembly has substantially more than twice the stroke length of the rack. Hydraulic rack control requires separate pressurized oil feeds and separate controls to control rack rack movement depending on the position of the clamp piston rod.

Uvedené nedostatky sú odstránené zariadením podlá předloženého vynálezu, ktorého podstata spočívá v tom, že v prstencovom telese je priskrutkovaný pevný segment a vložený otočný segment, pričom s otočným segmentom je pevne spojený unášač, ktorý svojou prečnievajúcou častou zasahuje do drážky, vytvorenej v piestnici upínača rovnoběžně s jej osou. Piestnica má na jednom konci vytvořený piest, uložený v dutině valea, uzatvorenej vekom a na opačnom konci je s piestnicou pevne spojená upínka.These drawbacks are overcome by a device according to the present invention, characterized in that a fixed segment and a rotatable segment are screwed in the annular body, and a carrier is fixedly connected to the rotary segment and protrudes into the groove formed in the piston rod. with its axis. The piston has a piston formed at one end, housed in a lid enclosed in a wall, and at the other end a clamp is fixedly connected to the piston rod.

Možnost natočenia upínky je daná velkosťou otočného pohybu otočného segmentu. Priestor v prstencovom telese, ktorý je uzatvorený jednak segmentami, jednak vodiacim telesom piestnice a valcom, je spojený s prívodom tlakového pracovného media a dvomi kanálikmi s priestorom nad piestom, pričom jeden z kanálikov vyúsťuje do- priestoru v prstencovom telese tesne pri hrané otočného segmentu, ak je tento v upínacej polohe, a je v ňom zabudovaný predpínaci ventil a druhý kanálik vyúsťuje mimo uvedený priestor, a je v ňom zabudovaný spatný ventil. Ďalší kanálik spojuje priestor v prstencovom telese s priestorom pod piestom a s odpadom. Zoskrutkovaný komplet upínača je osadený vonkajším prieraerom převlečený cez otvor v základovej doske upínača obrábacieho stroja a poistený poistným krúžkom cez vymedzovaciu podložku, proti pootočeniu poistený kolíkom.The possibility of turning the clamp is determined by the size of the rotary movement of the rotary segment. The space in the annular body, which is closed by the segments, on the one hand by the piston rod body and the cylinder, is connected to the supply of pressurized working medium and two channels to the space above the piston. when the latter is in the clamping position, and there is a biasing valve built in and the second passageway extends outside said space, and a backflow valve is incorporated therein. Another channel connects the space in the annular body with the space under the piston and with the waste. The screwed set of the clamp is fitted with an external borehole through the hole in the base plate of the clamp of the machine tool and secured by a circlip over the shim, secured against rotation by a pin.

Popísané upínacie zariadenie je vhodné použit najma v tých prípadoch, kde sa žiada natáČahie upínky z dóvodu vkladania a vyberania obrobkov a kde sa vyžaduje krátký pracovní zdvih upínky.The described clamping device is suitable for use in particular in cases where retractable clamps are required for insertion and removal of workpieces and where a short working stroke of the clamp is required.

Ide najma o případy, kedy sa približujú rózne časti strojov, napr. vrtacie vzorníce_Jtesne nad upínacie zariadenie, alebo případy, kde obrobok vzhíadom k svojmu tvaru nedovoluje vyšší zdvih upínky.This is especially the case when different parts of machines are approaching, eg. drilling stencils _J just above the clamping device, or cases where the workpiece, due to its shape, does not allow a higher stroke of the clamp.

Předmětné upínacie zariadenie umožňuje skrátiť upínací čas, nakolko zdvih upínky móže byť rninimálny, čo možno výhodné využit najma v prípadoch, kedy upínka upíná za obrobenu plochu, pričom upínacia výška, t. j. vzdíalenosť medzi dosadacou plochou obrobku a upínacou plochou, je vyrobená v dostat-očne úzkej talerancii,The present clamping device makes it possible to reduce the clamping time, since the stroke of the clamp can be minimal, which can be advantageously utilized, in particular, in cases where the clamp grips the workpiece surface, the clamping height, i.e. the clamping height. j. the distance between the bearing surface of the workpiece and the clamping surface is made in sufficiently narrow eye-tightness,

Ďalšou výhodou popísaného zariadenia je jeho kompaktnost a malé stavebné rozměry, ďalej vyžaduje iba jeden přívod a jeden odvod tlakového média, sled natočenia a upnutia>resp. uvolnenia a natočenia prebehne automaticky, čo je dané usporiadaním prvkov vo vnútrí upínacieho zariadenia, ktoré je popísané v ďalšom.Another advantage of the described device is its compactness and small construction dimensions, further it requires only one inlet and one outlet of pressure medium, rotation sequence and clamping> resp. releasing and pivoting will occur automatically, as determined by the arrangement of the elements within the clamping device described below.

Na príloženora výkrese je znázorněný příklad prevedenia upínacieho zariadenia podlá vynálezu, kde na obr. 1 je nakreslený rez A-A a na obr. 2 je rez B-B upínačom.An example of an embodiment of the clamping device according to the invention is shown in the drawing. 1 is a cross-section A-A and FIG. 2 is a cross-section of the B-B clamp.

Upínacie zariadenie pozostáva z valca 2, v ktorom sa pohybuje piest 15 piestnice 2 a ktorý je uzavretý vekom 5.» dalej z prstencového telesa J_,ku ktorému je prichytený pevný segment 10 a vložený otočný segment 9, pričom s otočným segmentom 2 je pevne spojený unášač 11, ktorý svojou prečnievajúcou časťou zasahuje do drážky 16 vytvorenej v piestnici 4 rovnoběžně s jej osou a na konci piestnice 4·, uloženej vo vodiacom telese 2>ίθ prichytená upínka 2* Priestor 39 vytvořený v dutině prstencového telesa 2 je spojený prívodným kanálikom 37 a odvodným kanálikom 41 s priestorom nad piestom 22» pričom v prívodnom kanáliku 37 je zabudovaný predpínací ventil 19 a v odvodnom kanáliku 41 je zabudovaný spatný ventil 29.* Prívodný kanálik 3 7 vyúsťuje do priestoru 39 tesne pri hrané otočného segmentu 9 ,ak sa tento nachádza v upínacej, t. j. nákreslenej_řpolohe.The clamping device consists of a cylinder 2 in which the piston 15 of the piston rod 2 is moved and which is closed by a lid 5, further comprising an annular body 11 to which a fixed segment 10 is attached and a rotatable segment 9 is inserted. the carrier 11, which protrudes with its protruding part into a groove 16 formed in the piston rod 4 parallel to its axis and at the end of the piston rod 4, housed in the guide body 2 '. and a discharge duct 41 with a space above the piston 22, wherein a biasing valve 19 is incorporated in the inlet duct 37 and a backflow valve 29 is incorporated in the outlet duct 41. the clamping, ie drawing a _row position.

Odvodný kanálik 41 vyúsťuje mimo priestor 39 . Odpadový kanálík 38 spojuje priestor pod piestom 18 s odpadom 30 a s vrtáním 40 v pevnom segmente 1 0. Zoskrutkovaný komplet upínača je osadeným vonkajším priemerom převlečený cez otvor v základovej doske 20 upínača obrábaeieho stroja a poístený poistným krúžkom 28 cez vymedzovaciu podložku 2» proti pootočeniu poistený ko1íkom 22*The drain channel 41 extends beyond the space 39. The drain channel 38 connects the space under the piston 18 with the waste 30 and with the bore 40 in the fixed segment 110. The screwed clamp assembly is fitted with an outside diameter through a hole in the base plate 20 of the machine tool clamp and posed by a circlip 28 through a shim 2 » by 22 *

Funkcia popísaného a vyobrazeného zariadenia móže prebiehať tak, že pri upínaní privedieme z tlakového rozvodu na stroji pracovně médium privodom 31 do priestoru 39, ktorý v tejto fáze zaberá otočný segment _9> tlakom pracovného média sa otočný segment 9 začne pootáčať a s ním cez unášač 1 1 aj píestnica 2 ^a upínka 7_. Otáčaný pohyb otočného segmentu J^e ukončený jeho opretím sa o prilahlú časť pevného segmentu 10 , kedy je už upínka T_ v upínacej polohe. Tesne predtým, než dojde k zastaveniu pohybu otočného segmentu 2» otvorí jeho prílahlá hrana prívodný kanálik 32* Opretím sa otočného segmentu stupně v priestore 39 tlak natolko, že tento otvorí predpínací ventil 1 9 , Čím sa cez prívodný kanálik 37 tlak dostane do priestoru nad piestom 17 valca 2, ktorý sa začne pohybovat v smere upínania,.až kým sa upínka 7 oprie o upínaný kus. Pracovně médium z priestoru pod piestom 18 a z vřtania 40 v pevnom segmente 10 je odvádzané odpadovým kanálikom 38 do odpadu 30.The function of the device described and illustrated can be such that, during clamping, the working medium is fed from the pressurized system on the machine through an inlet 31 into a space 39 which at this stage occupies the rotary segment 9. also a piston rod 2 ^{and a} clamp 7. Rotation movement of the rotary segment J ^e completed his is leaning on an adjacent part of the fixed panel 10, which is already T_ clamp in clamping position. Just prior to stopping the movement of the rotating segment 2 », its adjacent edge opens the inlet duct 32 * By swiveling the rotating segment of the stage in the pressure chamber 39, this opens the biasing valve 19 so that the pressure enters the space above the piston 17 of the cylinder 2 which begins to move in the clamping direction until the clamp 7 rests against the clamping piece. The working medium from the space below the piston 18 and from the bore 40 in the fixed segment 10 is discharged through the waste channel 38 to the waste 30.

Pri uvolňovaní je privádzané pracovně médium odpadom 30, ktorý v tejto fáze plní funkciu přívodu, dalej odpadovým kanálikom 38 do vřtania 40 a do priestoru pod piestom 18, čím dochádza k uvolňovaniu a zároveň natáčaniu upínky 2* Pracovně médium z priestoru nad piestom 17 uniká odvodným kanálikom 41 cez spatný ventil 22» ^z P^ri^estoru 39 priamo do přívodu 31, plniaceho v tejto fáze funkciu odpadu.Upon release, the working medium is fed through the waste 30, which at this stage functions as a feed, further through the waste channel 38 into the bore 40 and into the space below the piston 18, thereby releasing and rotating the clamp. channel 41 through the check valve 22 ^»of P ^r i ^est oru 39 directly to the inlet 31, the charge at this stage the function of waste.

Odopínací pohyb je ukončený dosadnutím otočného segmentu 9 a piesta 15 do krajných poloh.The disengagement movement is terminated when the rotary segment 9 and the piston 15 are brought to their extreme positions.

Výhodou popísaného zariadenia je aj jeho samomaznost, čo zaručuje jeho prevádzkovú spolahlivost a dlhú životnosť.The advantage of the described device is its self-lubrication, which guarantees its operational reliability and long life.

Claims

An example of an embodiment of a clamping device according to the invention is shown in the drawing in Fig. 1, wherein section A-A is shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is section through B-B clamping device. The clamping device consists of a cylinder 2 in which the piston 15 of the piston rod 2 is moved, which is closed by a lid 5, »from an annular body 11, to which a fixed segment 10 and a rotatable segment 9 are attached, with the rotary segment 2 being fixed a coupled carrier 11 which, with its protruding portion, extends into a groove 16 formed in the piston rod 4 parallel to its axis and at the end of the piston rod 4 accommodated in the guide body 2 ' and a drainage conduit 41 with space above the piston 22, wherein a prestretch valve 19 is incorporated in the inlet conduit 37 and a backflow valve 29 is incorporated in the conduit 41. if this is in the clamping, ie, drawing position. The drain channel 41 opens out of space 39. The waste channel 38 connects the space to the sub-base 18 with the waste 30 and the bore 40 in the fixed segment 10. The screw-on set of the clamp fitted with the outer diameter disguised through the opening in the base plate 20 of the machine tool clamp and secured by the circlip 28 through the spacer 2 »against rotation by the fuse 22 * Function The described and illustrated devices can be operated in such a way that, when clamped, the working medium is supplied from the pressurized manifold by the inlet 31 to the space 39, which occupies the rotary segment 9 in the phase 9 by the pressure of the working medium. the piston 2 and the clamp 7. The rotating movement of the rotary segment is terminated by resting against the adjacent portion of the fixed segment 22, the clamp T is already in the clamping position. Tightly before the movement of the rotary segment 2 is stopped, its adjacent edge channel opens. By passing the rotary segment of the stage in the space 39, the pressure is so high that it opens the biasing valve 22. »The pressure passes through the inlet channel 37 into the piston 17 of the cylinder 2, which starts to move in the clamping direction until the clamp 7 abuts the clamped piece. . The working medium from the space below the piston 18 and from the drilling 40 in the fixed segment 10 is discharged through the waste channel 38 to the waste 30. When released, the working medium is fed by waste 30, which at this stage fills the supply, further by the waste channel 38 to the drilling 40 and into the space below the piston. 18, thereby releasing and pivoting the clamp 2 * The working medium from the space through the outlet 17 escapes through the outlet duct 41 through a bad valve 22 »from the receiver 39 directly into the inlet 31 filling the waste function at this stage. The release movement is terminated by the engagement of the rotatable segment 9 and the piston 15 in extreme positions. The advantage of the described device is its self-lubricity, which guarantees its operational reliability and long service life. SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION

Clamping device with rotatable clamp, in particular for automatic machine tool clamps, characterized in that it is formed by an annular body (1) in which a fixed segment (10) and an inserted rotatable segment (9) are screwed, with a rotatable segment (9) is a rigidly coupled gripper (11) which, with its protruding portion, extends into a groove (16) in the piston rod (4) parallel to its axis, where the piston (4) has a piston (15) formed at the end; the end of the cylinder (2), the sealed cover (5) and at the opposite end with the piston rod (4), a tightly coupled closure (7).

2, the clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that a space (39), closed by a fixed segment (10), of a rotatable segment (9), a guide body (3) of the piston rod (4) and a cylinder is formed in the annular body cavity (1/209791) (2), which is connected to the supply (31) of the work station and to the supply passage (37), in which the biasing valve (19) and the drain channel (41) are in which the valve (29) is located with the space above a piston (17) and a channel (38) extending through the fixed segment (10) by drilling (40) connecting the space below the piston (18) with the waste (30), wherein the inlet channel (37) opens into the space (39) adjacent the swivel segment (9), when in the clamping position, and the drain channel (41) out of space (39).

3. Clamping device according to claim 1, characterized in that it is fitted with an outer diameter of the cylinder (2), an outer diameter of the annular body (1) and a guide body (3) over the opening in the base plate (20) of the clamp and secured by a retaining ring / 28 / through a spacer pad (8) and secured by a pin (27). 1 sheet of Srvrropafia drawings. n. p ~ xivod 7. Moel