CS209609B1 - Method of conservation of the wet fodder corns by the allylisothiokyanate - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a process for the preservation of wet grains reserved for feeding purposes by the addition of allyl isothiocyanate (AITK).

freshly harvested grain is characterized by increased moisture that does not allow its storage.

This is the result of large-scale production technology, which brings new problems in post-harvest treatment and grain storage. In addition, when harvesting is carried out under unfavorable weather conditions, the harvested grain has a particularly high moisture content. For this reason, the artificial link of harvested grain, which is the most reliable and proven way of preserving grain, is a solid element of the post-harvest treatment.

Higher moisture of the harvested grain enables intensive activity of 2rna enzymes, which results in loss of grain mass (by inhalation) with simultaneous heat generation, which together with moisture creates very favorable conditions for the development of microorganisms. The losses caused by microorganisms, the most serious of which are fungi, consist essentially of degradation of the infected grain, both nutritionally and sensory. In addition, fungi are dangerous to human and livestock health, since the metabolites they secrete and which have physiologically harmful to toxic effects accumulate in the infected grain. The losses caused by the development and activity of contaminating micro-organisms are therefore prevalent.

Since the harvesting of grain takes place in a relatively short period of time, considerable demands are placed on the drying apparatus which it cannot always meet in the required time.

The second method currently used to ensure good grain quality with high humidity is to preserve by chemical means that inactivate the enzymatic activity of both the grain and the contaminating microflora present, thus preventing its development. Preservation of grains with propionic acid has been the most widespread. the use of which allows the treated grain to be stored for any length of time.

Another preservative, although with a time limited effect but more accessible than propionic acid, is AITK. It shows a strong inhibitory effect against microorganisms. Its amount required for preservation is dependent on moisture and grain type and is in the range of 0.02 to 0.1% by weight, based on the grain mass. Because of these dosages and the properties of AITK, it is administered in the form of biologically acceptable solutions, e.g. organic solvents such as ethanol, or oils, e.g. rapeseed oil, optionally anchored on suitable porous sorbents. This method of application is burdened by the disadvantages arising from the solvents and solid AITK carriers used, which in themselves represent an increased economic cost and, in addition, introduce other foreign substances into the treated grains.

The process according to the invention, which consists in using an aqueous emulsion of AITK, removes these disadvantages. The aqueous emulsion exhibits compared to some of those Solvents / oil / lower viscosity which allows easy dispersion across the surface of grains even more concentrated state, so that the surveyor ¹ Vou AITK concentrations need be used in the emulsion minimized. It is most economically advantageous.

The conservation efficiency of AITK is dependent on an even distribution throughout the volume of treated grains to prevent outbreaks of contaminating fungi. After application, it is advisable to insulate the treated grain from the surrounding atmosphere by covering it with an airtight coating, eg PVC foil. This will prevent the AITK from flowing and prolong its duration of action.

Although AITK-preserved grains with lower humidity can be stored for several months, this method of preservation is primarily intended for the treatment of grains with high humidity for a short storage period before their final treatment by hot-air drying. This method can be used not only for the preservation of cereals, but also for other grains, such as beans, peas and corn, intended for feeding purposes.

The process according to the invention is explained in the following examples.

He did

Grain with moisture 20 wt. was preserved with an aqueous emulsion of AITK containing 4.6 wt. AITK. 10 liters of emulsion were dosed per 1 ton of grain. The application was carried out on the equipment for chemical preservation of grain. The treated grain was stored in a pile under a PVC tarp for 6 months with no signs of mold.

Number of germ fungi in grain before canning 9.4. 10 µg / g of grain after 6 months of storage 4.0. 10 ^ / 1 g of grain

Example2

Wheat with a moisture content of 25% by weight was preserved with an aqueous emulsion of AITK containing 7 wt. AITK. Per 1 ton of grain, 10 l of emulsion was dosed through an applicator for chemical grain conservation. The treated grain was stored in a pile under a PVC sheet in an open area for 4 weeks with no signs of damage.

Number of germ fungi in the crop before canning 5.0. 10 µg / g of grain after storage 2.0. 10 ^ / 1 g of grain

Example 3

Beans with 32% moisture content were preserved with an aqueous emulsion of AITK containing 10% Na 1 t and 10 l of emulsion was dosed. The treated grain was stored for 14 days without molding. .

Claims (1)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION Method for preserving wet feed grains with allyl isothiocyanate, characterized in that the preservation uses aqueous emulsions of AITK in an amount of 0.05 to 0.1% by weight. AITK, based on 1 canned grains. wt. AITK. signs up to hmo tu Svrvrrografia. n. p .. duke 7. Most