CS208293B1 - Method of dyeing cellulosic materials by anionic dyes - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to cellulose dyeing anionic dye materials using quaternary ammonium compounds of Formula 1, wherein the compound may be formed in an alkaline medium from the compound of Formula 2. The compounds of the invention may be present apply to cellulosic materials before by dyeing, and that is either cocooning with fixation of the product by maturing or processing with dry heat at higher temperatures, or from a long spa on ordinary refiners facilities. The use of the compounds of the invention increases the use of anionic dyes increases the level of their wet stability on cellulose materials and reduces consumption water and its pollution. Formula 2 R | and R 2 - alkyls β by number of carbons 1 to 3 R6 is hydrogen or alkyl having carbon atoms 1 to 3 X - strong anion organic or inorganic acid

Description

The invention relates to dyeing cellulosic materials with anionic dyes using quaternary ammonium compounds of formula 1, wherein the compound can be formed in an alkaline environment from a compound of formula 2.

The compounds of the invention may be applied to cellulosic materials prior to dyeing, either by cocation with fixation of the composition by bedding, or by dry heat treatment at higher temperatures, or from a long bath on conventional refining equipment.

The use of the compounds according to the invention increases the use of anionic dyes, increases their level of wet stability on cellulosic materials, and reduces process water consumption and pollution.

formula 2

R | and R ₂ - alkyls β with a number of carbons of 1 to 3 R 3 - hydrogen atom or alkyl with a number of carbons of 1 to 3

X - anion of a strong organic or inorganic acid

208 29J

208 293

The present invention provides a method for dyeing cellulosic materials with anionic dye β using quaternary ammonium compounds, characterized by increased dye utilization and increased wet fastness levels.

It is known that in dyeing cellulosic materials with anionic dyes, mainly substantive and reactive, the dye is not fully utilized. A number of reactive dyes are used in less than half of the bath dyeing methods, while the level of use of substantive dyes is slightly higher, but there are also significant losses. The dye that remains in the bath worsens waste water pollution. The same can be said of the non-fixed dye, which must be removed by thorough washing, which also places high demands on the amount of process water.

Recently, some solutions have been proposed based on the use of preparations causing the so-called cationization of cellulose. These are substances containing mostly a reactive epoxy group capable of forming ether derivatives with cellulose. Furthermore, these compounds contain a quaternary ammonium group which is capable of binding anionic dyes.

Preparations of the formula CH are known from the literature,

_O CH - CH - CH _O - N - CH, </ I ^{3 0 2}

Cl (1).

which are described in several patents as preparations which increase the use of anionic dyes on cellulose and increase the level of stability. However, the operational application of these formulations is negligible, as the application of the preparation results in a strong release of the unpleasant smelling trimethylamine.

Furthermore, preparations of the type are patented

AND

R _o - H - CH _O - CH - _O CH ² I ² \ / ²

R ₃ where R j, R ₂ , R j can be alkyl or hydroxyalkyl,

X is halogen.

(2),

However, the reactivity of these compounds decreases very significantly with the size of the substituents R1, R2, R1, so that the best result is provided by the simplest representative of the above formula (1).

Experiments using compounds of the

X

N - CH,

- CH - CH ₉

In (3), where Y is an oxygen or sulfur atom,

R is alkyl having 1-4 carbons and a

X has a chlorine or bromine atom, although they have a distinct odor control, but the efficiency is lower compared to the formula 1 formula, while the cost of the formulation is considerably higher.

208 293

All of the disadvantages of these known and inventive-protected compositions eliminate the compounds of the invention

R 1 is hydrogen or alkyl having a carbon number of 1-3 X is an anion of a strongly inorganic or organic acid.

The compound of formula 4 is formed in an alkaline medium from the compound of formula 5.

The compounds of the invention can be applied to cellulosic materials prior to dyeing, either by flocculation with fixation by aging, or by dry heat treatment at high temperatures, or from a long bath on conventional refining devices such as dyeing apparatus β , JET apparatuses and the like.

However, for most dyes, the compound of the invention may be used in a single bath at the same time as the dye in all of the dyeing bath procedures.

The compound used according to the invention can be prepared by synthesis from N, N dimethylaniline, epichlorohydrin and hydrochloric acid. Its structure was proved by studying the NMR spectra.

The compounds of the invention find wide application in the field of dyeing cellulosic materials mainly in combination with substantive, reactive, indigosol dyes and water-soluble sulfur-treated colorants.

The advantages of the invention are illustrated by the following examples which, however, do not limit its applicability.

Example 1

The cotton wool is lined at room temperature on a fularda with a 70% water bath rinse containing, in 1 liter, g of N (2,3-epoxypropyl) -N, N-dimethyl-N-phenylammonium chloride g of sodium hydroxide g direct orange C.I. 37 g of direct blue C.I. 106

1.5 g of alkylphenyl polyglycol ether (1 mol of alkylphenol per 8 mol of ethylene oxide).

The fabric is allowed to rest at room temperature for 12 to 18 hours at room temperature. The dyeing is then washed neutral and dried.

The result is an even, deep green color with the high yield of dye it exhibits

208 293 excellent stability in boiling wash 1 excellent other wet stability.

Example 2

The pretreated cotton cord is impregnated on fulard at room temperature with a bath containing g / l of compound N (2,3 epoxypropyl) -N, N-dimethyl-N-phenylammonium chloride 25 g / l sodium carbonate kale.

1.5 g / l of alkylphenyl polyglycol ether (1 mol of alkylphenol per 6 moles of ethylene oxide) at 70% weight addition. This is followed by drying on hotflui at 110 ° C for 3.5 min. The fabric is washed by passing the gravel washing machine into a neutral reaction.

Next, the fabric is impregnated on a bath fularda at a temperature of 20 ° C containing g / L reactive red C.I. 2 1 ml / l acetic acid ice.

at 70% weight and let stand for 6 hours. This is followed by conventional washing and soaping by passing through a wide machine.

The result is an even, deep red color, showing high dye utilization and excellent wet fastness.

Example 3

The pretreated cotton cord is cationized according to Example 2, washed neutral on the jug and further dyed at a 1: 3 bath ratio containing

1.5 wt. C.I. 2 0.5 wt. material of direct blue C.I. 1.

Start of dyeing at 40 ° C, then raise the bath temperature to 75 ° C and continue to dye at this temperature for 45 min. Washing and soap are followed by boiling.

The result is an even, saturated blue color, showing high dye utilization and excellent wet fastness.

Example 4

The pre-treated cotton working twill is cationized according to Example 2. The fabric after hotfluation cation is not washed and continuously dyeed on a PAD-STEAM dye g / l with a blue-blue Schwefelneublau FBL 90 g / l sodium sulfide crystal.

conventional technology. The result is an even, saturated blue color without light studs of dead and immature cotton and with high wet fastness.

Example 5

The pretreated cotton poplin is processed on a bath jug (1: 3 ratio) containing

208 293 g / l of N- (2-hydroxy-3-chloropropyl) -N, N-dimethyl-N-phenylammonium chloride g / l sodium hydroxide solid 1 g / l alkylphenyl polyglycol ether (1 mol alkylphenol per 8 mol ethylene oxide).

Beginning of the cathlonation at 25 ° C for 15 minutes. The temperature is then raised to 40 ° C and the material is treated at this temperature for 45 minutes. This is followed by washing and neutralization with acetic acid so that the material has a pH of 7.

% Wt. of lindlgosol blue Zdlgosolblau IBC and stained for 30 minutes at 30 ° C. The color is developed in a new bath at 20-25 ° C for 15 minutes, containing ml / l sulfuric acid 66 ° B 1 g / l sodium nitrite crystals.

This is followed by conventional washing, neutralization, washing, soap and drying.

The result is an even, saturated blue color, characterized by high dye utilization.

Example 6

Cotton yarn 34/2 on cross-wound bobbins is treated in a dyeing apparatus (1: 4 ratio) bath containing g / l of N- (2-hydroxy-3-chloropropyl) -N, N-dimethyl-N-phenylammonium chloride g / 1 sodium hydroxide solid 1 g / l alkylphenyl polyglycol ether (1 mol alkylphenol per 8 mol ethylene oxide) at 40 ° C for 45 minutes. After washing and neutralization, the yarn is dyed in a new bath containing

1 wt. acid yellow C.I. 40 ml / l acetic acid ice. at 70 ° C for 40 min. Washing and drying followed.

The result is an even, saturated yellow color with good wet fastness and high dye utilization.

Example 7

The viscose staple lining is impregnated on fulard at room temperature with a bath containing g / l of compound N (2,3 epoxypropyl) -N, N-dimethyl-N-phenylammonium chloride and g / l of hexamethylenetetramine teoh.

g / 1 urea teoh.

1.5 g / l alkylphenyl polyglycol ether (1 mol alkylphenol per 8 moles ethylene oxide) g / l straight brown C.I. 115 at 60%. This is followed by drying on a tensioning frame at 120 ° C and in the fixing fields of the frame

208 293 condensation 40 to 60 ° C at 190 to 180 ° C. The dyed fabric is washed and dried.

The result is a rich, even color with high dye yield, excellent wet fastness and reduced streaking.

Example 8

Cotton yarn 34/2 on cross-wound bobbins was processed as in Example 6. Instead of N- (2-hydroxy-3-chloropropyl) -N, N-dimethyl-N-phenylammonium chloride, the same amount of N- (2- hydroxy-3-chloropropyl) -N, N-dimethyl-N-phenylammonium metasulphate.

Example 9

In the procedure of Example 7, N- (2,3-epoxypropyl) -N, N-dimethyl-N-phenylammonium chloride g / l of N- (2,3-epoxypropyl) -N, N-dimethyl-N was used with the same result. -tolylammonium sulfate.

Claims (3)

SUBJECT OF THE INVENTION Y 1. A method for dyeing cellulosic materials with anionic dyes, characterized in that the dyeing material is treated prior to dyeing or concurrently with a dye bath, containing a compound of the formula wherein R 1 and R 8 are alkyls having a carbon number of 1-3 and R ^ is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 3 carbons, X is an anion of a strong organic or inorganic acid, in the presence of an alkali or an alkali-releasing compound. 2. Process according to claim 1, characterized in that ee acts with a compound of formula (1) formed in an alkaline bath of a compound of formula wherein R1 and R8 are alkyl having a carbon number of 1 to 3, R ^ is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 5 carbons 3, X is an anion of a strong organic or inorganic acid.