CS211444B1 - Method of dying the textile materials from the cellulose fibres and the tures thereof with synthetic fibres - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a process for treating cellulosic fibers with an admixture of fibers of different affinity prior to dyeing with anionic dyes, using a cationizing agent.

In dyeing fabrics containing cotton yarns, the difficulty of varying the maturity of the cotton raw material has largely occurred in recent times, when the cotton harvesting is completely mechanized and the possibility of sorting by maturity is eliminated. Dead and immature fibers, which have a much lower affinity for most dyes, create light to white studs on the surface of the fabrics, which substantially degrade their appearance.

The problem of uniform coverage of dead and immature fibers is partially solved by the selection of dyes, dyeing processes, or by treatment of the botton before dyeing. However, these options are not suitable for all textiles and cannot be sufficient for all shades.

A similar, long-standing problem is dyeing textiles containing fibers from regenerated polymers. Here, due to differences in structure, there is a local variation in the color saturation, which is commonly referred to as striation in common terminology. Analogous to the dyeing of cotton socks, the stiffness of the regenerated cellulose fabric can be partially suppressed by selecting dyes, dyeing processes, or treating the bead before dyeing. The solution of stiffness is more topical nowadays, since the palettes of substantive dyes have been reduced mainly by the brands based on benzidine and acridine. The benzidine and acridine dyes predominantly equalize the stiffness of the dyeing.

Cellulose cation has been known for many years. Recently, several cationization products have emerged which are capable of reacting with the cellulosic substrate. Examples are compounds of the general type ηΗ, -Ni CHL-CH-CH, ² I V '

R, O

Wherein R, Rg and Rj are carbon-containing alkyl; The disadvantage of these compounds is the relatively low stability in alkaline medium required for reaction with cellulose. The low stability also causes a reduction in product yield by storage.

Furthermore, a method for treating cellulose fibers with an admixture of fibers having different affinities prior to dyeing with an anionic dye cationic agent of the formula is known.

R N _O-CH - CH-CH ² _O 1 ir ²

R ₃ OH Cl

Cl wherein R j, R g and R j are alkyl or hydroxyalkyl having a carbon number of 1 to 4.

These cationic agents have the ability to react in an alkaline environment with the CH groups of cellulose to form a covalent bond. The cellulose thus modified is capable of ionic binding with the anionic dye.

The cationization of cellulose with cellulose-binding agents can be accomplished by several known methods. Application of a long bath cationic agent where covalent bonding to cellulose occurs at lower temperatures, or by flaking, where the covalent bonding must be performed by thermal fixation at temperatures above 100 ° C.

Modification of cellulose by a cationic agent improves the effect of affinity differences upon staining with anionic dyes. However, very large differences in affinity are no longer sufficiently compensated, for example for immature cotton fibers or structural differences for regenerated cellulose fibers. This is particularly evident in clocating applications of the cationic composition or in cationic compositions with lower reactivity.

This drawback removes the method of dyeing textile materials of cellulose fibers and mixtures thereof with polyester fibers, in which anionic dyes are attached to cellulose fibers modified with a cationic agent. In this method, the textile material is impregnated, before and / or modified, with monoethylene glycol and / or polyethylene glycol of an average molecular weight of 100 to 1,000, in an amount of 0.3 to 4.0% by weight of the textile material.

The textile material may be impregnated separately with a monoethylene glycol and / or polyethylene glycol water bath. More preferably, however, these shoes are added directly to the bath to which the alkali cationizer and other excipients are applied to the textile material. The impregnation of the textile material is carried out by a conventional klocation process. The temperature has no significant effect on the bath in the bath so that it can be used in both cold and hot baths.

Monoethylene glycol and polyethylene glycols are particularly effective in cationization processes in which the cationic composition is dry-fixed on cellulose fibers. Indeed, they cause very efficient enrichment of even under-mature and dead fibers, which provides a prerequisite for a more even distribution of the cationic composition, regardless of the maturity of the fibers. This results in a more even coating of dead and immature fibers in subsequent dyeing.

The action of monoethylene glycol and / or polyethylene glycol is not merely the swelling of cellulose fibers. It is important to enlarge the outer surface of the fibers and to release the inner structure of the fibers. The cationizing agent more easily forms a covalent bond not only on the larger surface of the fiber but also with the interior of the fiber. This also binds to twice the amount of the cationizing medium3

2.1444 ku, which makes it possible to achieve very saturated colors, with excellent fastness and gloss. The cationic agents used in the examples of the process according to the invention provide, with respect to the coverage of the affinity differences, the best result in the application by means of flocculation-drying followed by heat treatment by dry heat Si in a steam environment.

The reaction of the cationic agent with the cellulose takes place only in an alkaline environment, therefore an alkali or alkali releasing agent is an essential part of the process.

Basically, it is an alkaline medium of 7.5-4 pH, which can be formed in various ways, whether by adding an alkali or alkali releasing agent to the working bath containing a cationic agent and polyathylene glycol, or by pretreating or subsequently treating the cellulosic fibers or cellulosic textiles. fibers containing.

IN,

The process according to the invention is particularly suitable for cotton containing dead and immature pulp or for regenerated cellulose fibers with different proportions of amorphous and crystalline components. The reaction of these cationic agents and polyethylene glycols in an alkaline medium with cellulose can be catalyzed by the addition of organic acid amides in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight of the cellulose fibers. Preferably, urea is used as the organic acid amide.

Reducing the temperature and shortening the heat treatment time can be achieved by the simultaneous application of certain organic acid amides, such as acetic acid amide and the like. For the subsequent dyeing of cellulose fibers, for example, a substantive, sulfur, vat or reactive dye is used in the process according to the invention.

The use of monoethylene glycol and / or polyethylene glycols by the dyeing method of the invention facilitates and increases the formation of covalent bonds between the cellulose fiber and the cationic composition. This ensures that the ahionic dyes are bound first by the ionic bond, but also by other interactions, thereby increasing the color fastness. The intensive cheaisorption of dyes on the surface of the cloths leads to higher color intensity and better utilization of conventional direct, acidic and reactive dyes.

The mechanism of action of the monoethylene glycol and / or the polyethylene glycols is not dependent on the type of cationic composition and the method of processing the textile material which ensures the formation of a covalent bond. Their use makes it possible to enhance the effect of the cationic agents and to achieve a degree of coloring which has not been feasible for the dye groups used so far.

Exemplary uses of the invention are shown in the following examples.

Example,

The pre-treated cotton fabric is fed to a fularda with an 80% wicker, a bath containing 25 g / l of the compound of the formula [(CH ₃ ) ₃ K-CH 2 -CH (OH) -CH ₂ Cl] ⁺ Cl "and 20 g / l of polyethylene glycols 300 a, 0 g / l sodium hydroxide.

The knit is further dried in a hanging oven at 90 ° C for 4 min. The heat treatment is then carried out on the fixation frame at 180 [deg.] C. for 60 s. The thus-knitted fabric is further washed and neutralized on a coloring tub with a winch. The halls are dyed on the same spa facility containing:

i by weight of Saturn Blue LBRR and% by weight of sodium chloride material,

211444 4 at a bath ratio of 1:20. The initial temperature of 60 ° C, during 30 min ee, raises the temperature of the bath to boiling and boils for a further 60 min while boiling. The dyed material is washed and dried in the usual manner.

This results in a blue coloring of the knitted fabric without the light studs of dead and immature fibers whose stability without additional stabilization corresponds to the results of the color fastnesses achieved by the stabilization of the cationic resin.

Example 2

The pre-treated cotton fabric is gargled on a 70% rinse bath containing:

g / l of a compound of formula

H0-CH, -N ⁺ -CH, -CH-CH,

Ί li

CH ₃ OH Cl g / l monoethylene glycol 8 g / l sodium hydroxide.

The fabric is then dried at 90 ° C on hotflui and further heat-treated in a three-section machine section at 150 ° C for 90 s. The fabric thus modified is further washed and neutralized on a jug. For a longer time, the same equipment in the bath contains:

% by weight of the material Ostazine Black VB-g / l sodium chloride g / l sodium carbonate kale.

The initial dyeing temperature is 20 ° C. Dye is dosed in the first two passages, sodium chloride and soda in the next two passages. The temperature is gradually increased to 60 ° C over 45 minutes and is then dyed for a further 60 minutes at this temperature. This is followed by the usual washing, soaping, final washing and drying.

The result is a blue-black coloration without light studs of dead and immature cotton.

Example 3

The cotton fabric is treated according to Example 2. In addition, the flocculation bath comprises g / l of ethoxylated nonylphenol.

/

Example

The cotton fabric is kinked as in Example 3, dried at 100 ° C on hotflui and treated in a continuous steam at a saturated steam temperature of 102 ° C for 5 min. After steaming, they are continuously dyeed on the PAD-STKAM dyeing line:

g / 1 Schwefelneublau FBL

100 g / l sodium sulfide crystals.

This results in blue coloring without light studs of dead and immature cotton.

Example 5

Cotton fabric pbdla. In Example 4, instead of treatment in a saturated steam environment, steam was superheated at a temperature of 150 ° C for 80 s. Further processing is the same as in Example 4.

2.1444

Example 6

The fabric is gargled and dried according to Example 2. The heat treatment is carried out on a fixing frame at 240 ° C for 0 s. Further processing is the same as in Example 2.

Claims (1)

Method for dyeing textile materials of cellulose fibers and mixtures thereof with synthetic fibers, in particular polyester fibers, in which the cellulose fibers are modified with a cationic agent forming a covalent bond with cellulose, followed by dyeing with anionic dyes, characterized in that the textile material is impregnated before and / or modified with a cationic agent, monoethylene glycol and / or polyethylene glycol of an average molecular weight of 100 to 1,000, in an amount of 0.3 to 4.0 56, based on the weight of the textile material.